Burkholderia Caryophylli Research Articles

Burkholderia caryophylli (bacterial wilt of carnation)

This datasheet on Burkholderia caryophylli covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Dispersal, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Impacts, Prevention/Control, Further Information.

Sensitive detection of Burkholderia caryophylli in infected carnation seedlings using BIO-PCR

Populations of the bacterial wilt pathogen, Burkholderia caryophylli, in infected plants were estimated using our newly developed carnation seedling BIO-PCR assay, which combines pre-incubation in a selective medium and polymerase chain reaction. Bacterial density in leaves and in stems from each node was examined after injured roots on plants were inoculated. B. caryophylli was consistently isolated from the lower leaves from 5 to 35 days after inoculation; thus, leaves can be assayed without sacrificing parent stock. The BIO-PCR assay has higher specificity for closely related species than a conventional assay on the selective medium, and consistently detects B. caryophylli.

A systematic and extensive literature search on crop production of host plants of seven organisms harmful to horticulture

EFSA Supporting PublicationsVolume 10, Issue 3 401E External scientific reportOpen Access A systematic and extensive literature search on crop production of host plants of seven organisms harmful to horticulture M.P.M. Derkx, M.P.M. Derkx Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorJ.H.D. Brouwer, J.H.D. Brouwer Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorP.J.M. van Breda, P.J.M. van Breda Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorF.P.M. van der Helm, F.P.M. van der Helm Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorM.E.C.M. Hop, M.E.C.M. Hop Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorK.M. Landzaat, K.M. Landzaat Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorC.F.M. Wubben, C.F.M. Wubben Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author M.P.M. Derkx, M.P.M. Derkx Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorJ.H.D. Brouwer, J.H.D. Brouwer Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorP.J.M. van Breda, P.J.M. van Breda Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorF.P.M. van der Helm, F.P.M. van der Helm Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorM.E.C.M. Hop, M.E.C.M. Hop Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorK.M. Landzaat, K.M. Landzaat Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorC.F.M. Wubben, C.F.M. Wubben Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO), Droevendaalsesteeg, 1 6708 PB Wageningen, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author First published: 11 March 2013 https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2013.EN-401Citations: 1 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Published date: 11 March 2013 Question number: EFSA-Q-2012-00498 AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References http://www.cabi.org/ http://www.info.sciverse.com/scopus/ http://www.icpa.ro/AgroWeb/AIC/RACC/Agris.htm Citing Literature Volume10, Issue3March 2013401E ReferencesRelatedInformation

QTL analysis for resistance to bacterial wilt (Burkholderia caryophylli) in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) using an SSR-based genetic linkage map

Bacterial wilt (Burkholderia caryophylli (Burkholder) Yabuuchi et al.) is one of the most damaging diseases during carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cultivation in Japan. To find molecular markers for use in marker-assisted selection, we constructed a simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based genetic linkage map of carnation using an F2 population of 90 plants derived from a cross between a highly resistant line (85-11) and a susceptible cultivar (Pretty Favvare). To develop a large number of SSR markers, we constructed four new SSR-enriched genomic libraries and conducted expressed sequence tag analysis. We mapped 178 SSR loci into 16 linkage groups. The map covered 843.6 cM, with an average distance of 6.5 cM between two loci. This is the first report of a genetic linkage map based mainly on SSR markers in the genus Dianthus. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified one locus for resistance to bacterial wilt in linkage group (LG) B4. The locus explained 63.0% of the phenotypic variance for resistance to bacterial wilt. The SSR markers CES1161 and CES2643 that were closest to the QTL were efficient markers for selecting lines with resistance derived from line 85-11. A positional comparison using SSR markers as anchor loci revealed that LG B4 corresponded to LG A6 in a previously constructed map. We found that the position of the resistance locus derived from line 85-11 was similar to that of the major resistance locus observed for a highly resistant wild species, Dianthus capitatus ssp. andrzejowskianus.

Normes OEPP/EPPO Standards Diagnostics Diagnostic

Normes OEPP/EPPO Standards Diagnostics Diagnostic

Normes OEPP/EPPO Standards Diagnostics Diagnostic

Normes OEPP/EPPO Standards Diagnostics Diagnostic

Normes OEPP EPPO Standards Diagnostics Diagnostic

Normes OEPP EPPO Standards Diagnostics Diagnostic

Phosphate-Solubilizing and -Mineralizing Abilities of Bacteria Isolated from Soils

Microorganisms capable of solubilizing and mineralizing phosphorus (P) pools in soils are considered vital in promoting P bioavailability. The study was conducted to screen and isolate inorganic P-solubilizing bacteria (IPSB) and organic P-mineralizing bacteria (OPMB) in soils taken from subtropical flooded and temperate non-flooded soils, and to compare inorganic P-solubilizing and organic P-solubilizing abilities between IPSB and OPMB. Ten OPMB strains were isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium, and five IPSB strains as B. megaterium, Burkholderia caryophylli, Pseudomonas cichorii, and Pseudomonas syringae. P-solubilizing and -mineralizing abilities of the strains were measured using the methods taking cellular P into account. The IPSB strains exhibited inorganic P-solubilizing abilities ranging between 25.4–41.7 μg P mL −1 and organic P-mineralizing abilities between 8.2–17.8 μg P mL −1. Each of the OPMB strains also exhibited both solubilizing and mineralizing abilities varying from 4.4 to 26.5 μg P mL −1 and from 13.8 to 62.8 μg P mL −1, respectively. For both IPSB and OPMB strains, most of the P mineralized from the organic P source was incorporated into the bacterial cells as cellular P. A significantly negative linear correlation (P < 0.05) was found between culture pH and P solubilized from inorganic P by OPMB strains. The results suggested that P solubilization and mineralization could coexist in the same bacterial strain.

Construction of a Genetic Linkage Map for the Carnation by Using RAPD and SSR Markers and Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Caused by Burkholderia caryophylli

We constructed a genetic linkage map for the carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) on the basis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) by using a resistance-segregating population of 134 progeny lines that were derived from a cross between ‘Carnation Nou No. 1’ (a carnation breeding line resistant to bacterial wilt) and ‘Pretty Favvare’ (a susceptible cultivar). The linkage map consisted of 137 RAPD and 9 SSR markers. Linkage analysis revealed that 124 loci could be mapped to 16 linkage groups that extended for 605.0 centiMorgans (cM). The average interval between two loci was 4.9 cM. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was applied to evaluations of resistance to bacterial wilt that were replicated 8 times. The QTL that we reported previously with a large effect on resistance was detected on group 6 which accounted for 60.5% of the total phenotypic variance with a LOD score 23.46. Two other QTLs with small effects were detected on groups 2 and 5 with LOD scores of 2.32 and 2.87, respectively. These results suggest that resistance to bacterial wilt in carnation is related to one major and at least two minor genes. This study is the first report on the construction of a linkage map of the carnation.

Plant regeneration from mesophyll-and cell suspension-derived protoplasts of Dianthus acicularis and characterization of regenerated plants

Abstract Plant regeneration systems from mesophyll- and cell suspension-derived protoplasts were established in Dianthus acicularis (2n=90), a species with resistance to Burkholderia caryophylli (Pseudomonas caryophylli). Protoplasts were isolated from both leaves of in vitro-grown plants and cell suspension cultures established from the calluses originated from leaves of in vitro-grown plants. Protoplasts isolated from both sources showed about the same response to the type and concentration of cytokinins, and gave the highest frequencies of cell division and colony formation in 0.1% (w/v) Gelrite®-solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 M glucose, 1.0 mg l−1 (4.53 μM) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 0.5 mg l−1 (2.28 μM) zeatin. Numerous plantlets were regenerated after transfer of the colonies to 0.8% (w/v) agar-solidified half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l−1 (2.28 μM) zeatin. Most plantlets exhibited normal phenotypes, but some showed variations, suc...

In vitro simple determination of resistance to bacterial wilt of carnation

In vitro simple method for determination of resistance to a pathogen of bacterial wilt of carnation (Burkholderia caryophylli) was developed. The bottom of unrooted cuttings of carnation was dipped in bacterial suspension (2.7×102-103cfu/ml) for five min, rinsed with distilled water for ten min, and then incubated with distilled water in test tubes at 30°C. The symptons of bacterial wilt can be visible within two weeks after the inoculation. In the method using unrooted cuttings, the level of resistance of carnation to B. caryophylli was efficiently determined.

A RAPD-derived STS marker is linked to a bacterial wilt (Burkholderia caryophylli) resistance gene in carnation

Bacterial wilt caused by Burkholderia caryophylli is one of the most important and damaging diseases of carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) in Japan. We aimed to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers associated with the genes controlling bacterial wilt resistance in a resistance-segregating population of 134 progeny plants derived from a cross between ‘Carnation Nou No. 1’ (a carnation breeding line resistant to bacterial wilt) and ‘Pretty Favvare’ (a susceptible cultivar). We screened a total of 505 primers to obtain RAPD markers useful for selecting resistant carnation lines: 8 RAPD markers identified by bulked segregant analysis were linked to a major resistance gene; of these, WG44-1050 had the greatest effect on resistance to bacterial wilt. A locus with large effect on bacterial resistance was mapped around WG44-1050 through QTL analysis. The RAPD marker WG44-1050 was successfully converted to a sequence-tagged site (STS) marker suitable for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Five combinations of primers were designed for specific amplification of WG44-1050. In addition, the STS marker we developed was useful and reliable as a selection marker for breeding for resistance to bacterial wilt, using a highly resistant wild species, D. capitatus ssp. andrzejowskianus and a resistant line, ‘Carnation Nou No. 1’, as breeding materials.

Isolation and characterization of an extracellular polysaccharide from Pseudomonas caryophylli CFR 1705

Extracellular polysaccharides were isolated from Pseudomonas caryophylli CFR 1705 grown on lactose containing medium. The major fraction (no.1) obtained on DEAE-cellulose chromatography was composed of rhamnose, mannose and glucose in the ratio 1:3.26:4.97, respectively, and having a molecular weight of 1.1×10 6 Da. Methylation followed by GC-MS analysis revealed it to be a highly branched 1,4-linked hexosan with mannose and glucose as the branch-off residues at positions C-2 and C-6 of the main chain. Rhamnose was essentially found as non-reducing terminal residue.

PCR cloning of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes from Burkholderia caryophylli and their functional expression in recombinant Escherichia coli.

The PCR cloning strategy for type II polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes established previously for Pseudomonas was successfully applied to Burkholderia caryophylli strain AS 1.2741. The whole pha locus containing PHA synthase genes phaC1, phaC2 and PHA depolymerase gene phaZ was cloned. The complete open reading frames of phaC1(Bc), phaC2(Bc) and phaZ(Bc) were identified. Sequence analyses of the phaC1(Bc), phaZ(Bc) and phaC2(Bc) showed more than 77.7%, 73.7% and 68.5% identities compared with the corresponding pha loci of the known Pseudomonas strains, respectively. The functional expression of the phaC1(Bc) or phaC2(Bc) in Escherichia coli strain KM32B (fadB deleted mutant) showed the abilities of PHA production by the estimated PHA synthase genes. Over 1% PHA consisting of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (3HO) and 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD) was detected from cells of recombinant E. coli KM32B (pHXM11) harboring phaC1(Bc), grown on octanoate. At the same time over 3% of PHA consisting of 3HO and 3HD was produced from cells of recombinant E. coli KM32B (pHXM21) harboring phaC2(BC), grown on decanoate. Results showed the PCR cloning strategy developed previously can be applied to non-Pseudomonas strains such as Burkholderia in this case. This result also provided evidence for the presumption that the Burkholderia strain possesses not only polyhydroxybutyrate synthase genes, but also synthase for medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates consisting of 3HHx, 3HO and 3HD.

PCR cloning of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis genes from Burkholderia caryophylli and their functional expression in recombinant Escherichia coli

The PCR cloning strategy for type II polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes established previously for Pseudomonas was successfully applied to Burkholderia caryophylli strain AS 1.2741. The whole pha locus containing PHA synthase genes phaC1, phaC2 and PHA depolymerase gene phaZ was cloned. The complete open reading frames of phaC1 Bc , phaC2 Bc and phaZ Bc were identified. Sequence analyses of the phaC1 Bc , phaZ Bc and phaC2 Bc showed more than 77.7%, 73.7% and 68.5% identities compared with the corresponding pha loci of the known Pseudomonas strains, respectively. The functional expression of the phaC1 Bc or phaC2 Bc in Escherichia coli strain KM32B ( fadB deleted mutant) showed the abilities of PHA production by the estimated PHA synthase genes. Over 1% PHA consisting of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (3HO) and 3-hydroxydecanoate (3HD) was detected from cells of recombinant E. coli KM32B (pHXM11) harboring phaC1 Bc , grown on octanoate. At the same time over 3% of PHA consisting of 3HO and 3HD was produced from cells of recombinant E. coli KM32B (pHXM21) harboring phaC2 BC , grown on decanoate. Results showed the PCR cloning strategy developed previously can be applied to non- Pseudomonas strains such as Burkholderia in this case. This result also provided evidence for the presumption that the Burkholderia strain possesses not only polyhydroxybutyrate synthase genes, but also synthase for medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates consisting of 3HHx, 3HO and 3HD.

Species-specific distribution of a modular family 19 chitinase gene in Burkholderia gladioli

The chitinase gene chiB of Burkholderia gladioli strain CHB101 is the first family 19 chitinase gene found in bacteria other than Streptomyces. The presence of chitinase genes homologous to the chiA (family 18) and chiB (family 19) of B. gladioli strain CHB101 was investigated in closely related species Burkholderia andropogonis, Burkholderia caryophylli, Burkholderia glumae, Burkholderia plantarii, and Burkholderia cepacia as well as in other strains of B. gladioli. Twenty-seven of the 30 strains of B. gladioli examined produced chitinases and were all positive when probed with chiA and chiB of CHB101, although the restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns in these strains were not necessarily identical to that of CHB101. The remaining three strains of B. gladioli and all strains of the other Burkholderia species tested showed no chitinase activity and gave no signal with the chiA or chiB probes. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence indicated that the three chitinase-negative strains of B. gladioli were phylogenetically closer to B. glumae or B. cepacia than to B. gladioli, and should therefore be reassigned. Apparently, possession of a modular family 19 chitinase gene homologous to chiB of CHB101 is a species-specific characteristic of B. gladioli. In this article, we show the species-specific distribution of a family 19 chitinase gene in B. gladioli.

Species-specific distribution of a modular family 19 chitinase gene in Burkholderia gladioli

The chitinase gene chiB of Burkholderia gladioli strain CHB101 is the first family 19 chitinase gene found in bacteria other than Streptomyces. The presence of chitinase genes homologous to the chiA (family 18) and chiB (family 19) of B. gladioli strain CHB101 was investigated in closely related species Burkholderia andropogonis, Burkholderia caryophylli, Burkholderia glumae, Burkholderia plantarii, and Burkholderia cepacia as well as in other strains of B. gladioli. Twenty-seven of the 30 strains of B. gladioli examined produced chitinases and were all positive when probed with chiA and chiB of CHB101, although the restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns in these strains were not necessarily identical to that of CHB101. The remaining three strains of B. gladioli and all strains of the other Burkholderia species tested showed no chitinase activity and gave no signal with the chiA or chiB probes. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence indicated that the three chitinase-negative strains of B. gladioli were phylogenetically closer to B. glumae or B. cepacia than to B. gladioli, and should therefore be reassigned. Apparently, possession of a modular family 19 chitinase gene homologous to chiB of CHB101 is a species-specific characteristic of B. gladioli. In this article, we show the species-specific distribution of a family 19 chitinase gene in B. gladioli.

Bacterial Wilt of Russell Prairie Gentian Caused by Burkholderia caryophylli

A new bacterial disease of Russell prairie gentian (Eustoma grandiflorum) was found in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, in 1997. This disease was characterized by wilting and yellowing of the foliage. A cross section of the stem of a diseased plant revealed a tan to yellow-brown discoloration of the vascular tissue. A nonfluorescent, aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium was consistently isolated from infected plants. The bacteriological characteristics of 10 isolates of the bacterium coincided with those of the reference strains of Burkholderia caryophylli that were isolated from carnations. The bacterium, as well as the reference strains, attacked Russell prairie gentian and carnation after artificial inoculation and reproduced the symptoms similar to those after natural infections. On the basis of bacteriological characteristics and pathogenicities, the bacterium was identified as B. caryophylli. This is the first report of a disease caused by B. caryophylli on Russell prairie gentian ; therefore, bacterial wilt of Russell prairie gentian is proposed as the name of the disease.

Synthesis of methyl α-caryophylloside

The convergent synthesis of caryophyllose, a new C-4 branched dodecose isolated from Pseudomonas caryophylli, is described from two monosaccharidic precursors. The key step is the diiodosamarium-promoted coupling of two six-carbon fragments: an acid chloride and a cyclic ketone.

Evaluation of Wild Dianthus Accessions for Resistance to Bacterial Wilt (Pseudomonas caryophylli).

Bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas caryophylli) is one of the most important and damaging diseases of carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) in Japan. It causes serious crop losses in carnations grown in the warm districts. Almost all carnation cultivars are susceptible to bacterial wilt. Therefore, 70 wild Dianthus accessions were screened for resistance to bacterial wilt by using the cut-root soaking method with an inoculum concentration of 107 cfu (colony-forming units)·ml-1. Large differences in resistance were observed among 70 Dianthus accessions. We found two highly resistant wild species, D. capitatus ssp. andrzejowskianus and D. henteri. These 2 species showed no disease symptoms throughout the experiment. Moreover, 7 accessions were classified as resistant. Retesting by using 4 isolates showed that D. capitatus ssp. andrzejowskianus was the most resistant species.