Foster Kennedy Syndrome Research Articles

Abnormal Presentation of Foster Kennedy Syndrome Due to Schwannoma of Optic Nerve

Foster Kennedy syndrome (FKS) is a rare neuro-ophthalmic syndrome that occurs because of an intracranial mass, most commonly a tumor. As a result of the intracranial mass, the patient develops optic atrophy on the same side of the lesion and papilledema on the contralateral side. In this case report, we present the case of a 25-year-old male who presented to the ophthalmology clinic with unusual complaints of proptosis and diminution of vision in the right eye. A diagnosis of schwannoma of the optic nerve was made on magnetic resonance imaging retrospectively after diagnosing FKS in the patient clinically.

Foster-Kennedy Syndrome and Optochiasmatic Glioma - A Case Report

Abstract Foster–Kennedy Syndrome presents with optic atrophy in one eye and papilledema in the contralateral eye. It originates from a variety of intracranial pathologies, but most often a subfrontal mass. There is compression of the ipsilateral optic nerve by the intracranial mass, often an anterior cranial fossa meningioma. Females are mostly affected. Progressive visual loss, headache, vomiting, seizure episodes, psychiatric illness, diplopia, anosmia, and loss of consciousness are the common presenting features. We present a case of Foster–Kennedy syndrome in a 13-year-old girl child with optochiasmatic Glioma.

FOSTER-KENNEDY SYNDROME: WHAT FUNDUSCOPY WON'T MISS

Abstract
 Introduction : Optic nerve is the only visible extension of central nervous system and often represents several intracranial diseases. This case demonstrates the importance of funduscopy in detecting intracranial mass.
 Case Illustration : A 45-year-old woman suffered progressive blurry vision in both eyes for a year and severe headaches and seizures. The right eye (RE) had no light perception, and the left eye (LE) had 6/60 visual acuity. The relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) was positive on the RE. A funduscopic examination revealed a pallor optic disc on the RE and papilledema on the LE, consistent with type 1 Foster- Kennedy Syndrome (FKS). A Head CT scan showed a 5.3x6x5 cm mass in the right frontotemporal lobe. We referred the patient to the neurology and neurosurgery department for further management and surgical intervention.
 Discussion : FKS is a condition associated with tumors in the frontal lobe, characterized by ipsilateral optic disc atrophy due to direct compression, contralateral papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure, and ipsilateral anosmia in advanced stages. RAPD is a sluggish pupillary response to light stimuli due to unilateral retinal or optic nerve disease that occurs anterior to the lateral geniculate body. True FKS is extremely rare nowadays because of advances in neuroimaging to detect intracranial masses earlier.
 Conclusion : As a primary care physician, performing a direct funduscopy on patients complaining of decreased vision, headaches, and impaired mental status is essential. Although rare, FKS should be kept in mind while finding a patient with optic disc atrophy and papilledema.

Simultaneous tubercular meningitis and ethmoidal sinus tuberculoma mimicking as Foster Kennedy syndrome

A 35-year-old male presented with gradual-onset progressive loss of vision in the left eye of 2 months duration. There was history of fever, weight loss, and headache. Comprehensive ocular examination revealed disc edema in the right eye and optic atrophy in the left eye. Further radiologic, histopathologic, and cerebrospinal fluid study led to a diagnosis of tubercular meningitis and ethmoidal sinus tuberculoma compressing the left optic nerve. The clinical picture mimicked Foster Kennedy syndrome. This case highlights the importance of ancillary investigations in the form of radiologic and histopathologic studies in arriving at the final correct diagnosis.

A Rare Case of Diabetic Papillopathy Presenting with Pseudo-Foster Kennsedy Syndrome

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome (PFKS) is defined as unilateral disc oedema with contralateral optic nerve pallor, in the absence of intracranial pathologies. Diabetic papillopathy is a rare ocular manifestation of diabetes mellitus (DM). We report a rare case of PFKS secondary to diabetic papillopathy in a young patient with type 2 DM who had poor glucose control. There was optic disc swelling over the right eye and optic disc pallor over the left eye. His visual field assessment showed right inferior field defect and general depression in the left. Optical coherence tomography retinal nerve fibre layer showed normal thickness over the right eye and generalized thinning over the left eye. Neuroimaging and other laboratory investigations were unremarkable. With good glycemic control, the optic disc swelling over the right eye resolved. Visual field defect remained the same but retinal nerve fiber layer showed thinning in areas where the edema had resolved.

Classic Foster Kennedy Syndrome Triggered by Invasive Anaplastic Meningioma: Before and After.

Classic Foster Kennedy Syndrome Triggered by Invasive Anaplastic Meningioma: Before and After.

Foster Kennedy syndrome secondary to a giant prolactinoma with a remarkable response to cabergoline.

SummaryPituitary adenomas are intracranial neoplasms, usually demonstrating a benign phenotype. We present the case of 21-year-old male with an 18-month history of reduced visual function (acuity and field) in the left eye. Based on neuroimaging and endocrine profile, a giant prolactinoma causing hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was diagnosed and cabergoline was commenced. After a month of treatment, the tumour size reduced, and visual function improved to normal; however, he developed Foster Kennedy syndrome with a swollen right optic disc. After almost 1 year of follow-up, he regained full visual functioning. Two years since his diagnosis, his prolactin remains normal with no adverse effects or further visual complications.Learning pointsFoster Kennedy syndrome is a rare entity but can be a feature of pituitary adenomas.Visual deterioration secondary to a compressive optic neuropathy can be reversible, provided that diagnosis and treatment are prompt.This case highlights the importance of frequent monitoring of visual function during follow-up of these lesions, particularly when there are deficits at diagnosis.

A rare case of Foster-Kennedy syndrome secondary to meningioma causing impaired venous drainage. (P1-1.Virtual)

A rare case of Foster-Kennedy syndrome secondary to meningioma causing impaired venous drainage. (P1-1.Virtual)

Foster Kennedy Syndrome: A Case Report

Foster Kennedy Syndrome is a classic, yet rare, neuro-ophthalmologic syndrome due to an intracranial mass, most often a tumor, that consists of optic atrophy on the same side of the lesion and contralateral papilledema. We present the case of a 48-year-old female patient with decreased visual acuity and the typical clinical features described above due to a sphenoid wing meningioma. Although not a common condition, Foster Kennedy Syndrome should always be kept in mind in a patient with visual disturbances secondary to an intracranial mass.

Foster Kennedy Syndrome: A Case Report

Foster Kennedy Syndrome is a classic, yet rare, neuro-ophthalmologic syndrome due to an intracranial mass, most often a tumor, that consists of optic atrophy on the same side of the lesion and contralateral papilledema. We present the case of a 48-year-old female patient with decreased visual acuity and the typical clinical features described above due to a sphenoid wing meningioma. Although not a common condition, Foster Kennedy Syndrome should always be kept in mind in a patient with visual disturbances secondary to an intracranial mass.

A Case of Foster Kennedy Syndrome in a Pregnant Lady Presenting with Unilateral Deterioration of Vision

Foster Kennedy syndrome is a rare neurological entity that includes ipsilateral optic atrophy, contralateral papilledema, and sometimes anosmia. The syndrome has been described in association with a variety of intracranial pathologies such as a large frontal lobe tumor, olfactory groove meningioma, or medial third sphenoidal wing meningioma. In this report, we present a case of sphenoidal wing meningioma with Foster Kennedy syndrome in a 25-year-old pregnant female.

Fleeting nerve palsy and foster–Kennedy syndrome in frontal lobe tumor

Fleeting nerve palsy and foster–Kennedy syndrome in frontal lobe tumor

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Abstract Foster–Kennedy syndrome has been diagnosed as a direct compression of the optic nerve due to an expansive process that leads to atrophy. In the contralateral eye there is papillary oedema due to intracranial hypertension secondary to the tumour mass effect. The case is presented of a 12-year-old boy with overweight (BMI 26) with right eye papillary oedema and left optic nerve atrophy, that was casually found in an ophthalmological examination. He had no other symptomatology or personal medical history. The neurological examination was normal, and the urgent cranial CT showed no masses. Lumbar puncture was performed with increased cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance (28 cm H2O). The rest of studies were normal. Until the appearance of neuroimaging, it was believed that Foster–Kennedy syndrome was pathognomonic of intracranial mass in the frontal area. Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is very rare, and in the few that have been reported in the literature, up to 25% of them are asymptomatic.

Síndrome de pseudo-Foster Kennedy por hipertensión intracraneal idiopática

Foster-Kennedy syndrome has been diagnosed as a direct compression of the optic nerve due to an expansive process that leads to atrophy. In the contralateral eye there is papillary oedema due to intracranial hypertension secondary to the tumour mass effect.The case is presented of a 12-year-old boy with overweight (BMI 26) with right eye papillary oedema and left optic nerve atrophy, that was casually found in an ophthalmological examination. He had no other symptomatology or personal medical history. The neurological examination was normal, and the urgent cranial computed tomography showed no masses. Lumbar puncture was performed with increased cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance (28 cm H2O). The rest of studies were normal.Until the appearance of neuroimaging, it was believed that Foster-Kennedy syndrome was pathognomonic of intracranial mass in the frontal area. Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome due to idiopathic intracranial hypertension is very rare, and in the few cases that have been reported in the literature, up to 25% of them are asymptomatic.

Pheochromocytoma, paragangliomas, and pituitary adenoma

Rationale:Pituitary adenomas and paragangliomas are both rare endocrine diseases. Paragangliomas (PGL)/pheochromocytomas (PHEO) are part of an inherited syndrome in about 30% to 40% of cases. Among familial cases, mutations of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit genes (succinate dehydrogenase subunit [SDH]B, SDHC, SDHD, succinate dehydrogenase subunit AF2 [SDHAF2] , and SDHA) are the most common cause.[1]Patient concerns:We here report a 31-year-old patient with a known SDHD mutation whose disease has been revealed by a left PHEO during childhood and who presented at age 29 years a large paraganglioma of the right jugular foramen, a concomitant PHEO of the left adrenal and 2 retroperitoneal paragangliomas. A pituitary incidentaloma was found during investigations on a fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) (FDG-PET).Diagnosis:A pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of a 14 mm pituitary macroadenoma. The pituitary function was normal except for hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. On examination of the fundus, a diagnosis of Pseudo Foster-Kennedy syndrome was made due to a venous compression of the right jugular vein caused by the paraganglioma (PGL). The pituitary adenoma was not compressive to the optic chiasm.Interventions:A treatment with acetazolamide was started in order to improve intracranial hypertension. The patient couldn’t benefit of a surgical approach for the paraganglioma of the right jugular foramen; the patient has been treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (Gamma Knife).Outcomes:The most recent MRI revealed that the right jugular foramen PGL is stable and the latest visual assessment demonstrated stability despite a recent reduction in acetazolamide dosage. A surveillance by MRI of the pituitary adenoma has been planned.Lessons:The association of a pituitary adenoma to paragangliomas within a same patient is very uncommon and raises the question of related physiopathological mechanisms.

An unusual case of pseudo foster kennedy syndrome

We are hereby presenting a case of Pseudo Foster Kennedy syndrome, which is a rare phenomenon in itself because of normal level of inflammatory markers i.e. ESR and CRP levels with positive temporal artery biopsy.

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome due to Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Associated with Empty Sella Syndrome and Hyperprolactinaemia: A Rare Case Report

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome is characterized by unilateral papilledema with contralateral optic atrophy in the absence of intracranial space occupying lesions. A 40-year old obese Asian-Indian female presented with painless progressive diminution of vision in her right eye since one month and constant headache for two months. Fundoscopy showed optic disc pallor in the right eye and papilledema in the left eye. Serum prolactin level was raised. Cerebrospinal fluid manometry revealed high opening pressure value of 38 cm of water with normal composition. MRI scan of the brain detected empty sella syndrome. Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome due to IIH was diagnosed and treated with oral acetazolamide 250 mg, four times a day which resulted in complete resolution of papilledema and headache over a period of two months. Here we report a case of pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome which is directly attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension and associated with empty sella syndrome and hyperprolactinaemia.

Sequential NAION presenting as pseudo Foster Kennedy syndrome

PurposeTo review recurrent NAION as a cause for PFK syndrome. MethodsIn an observational study patients presenting with sudden loss of vision were evaluated. We reviewed patients presenting with disc edema on one side and optic atrophy in contralateral eye on fundus examination. Their visual field defects and fundus fluorescein angiography was assessed. ResultsOf the 7 patients evaluated 4 (57.1%) were females. Mean age at presentation was 53.7±11.9years. Mean duration between the two episodes was 12.7months (range: 2–30). The visual acuity of presenting eye ranged from 6/9 to worse counting fingers close to face. ConclusionsThe diagnosis in a PFK presentation is essentially one of exclusion. Patients with NAION are at risk for recurrence in fellow eye, thereby presenting as PFK syndrome. NAION should be considered as a differential especially when imaging and other laboratory investigations are not suggestive of any compressive lesion.

A Case of Primary Neurosarcoid Presenting as Foster-Kennedy Syndrome with Diabetes Insipidus (P6.146)

A Case of Primary Neurosarcoid Presenting as Foster-Kennedy Syndrome with Diabetes Insipidus (P6.146)

Papillary tumor of the pineal region presenting with Foster Kennedy sign

Foster Kennedy syndrome is defined as unilateral optic nerve atrophy, contralateral disc edema and anosmia. It was originally thought to be pathognomonic of space occupying lesions in the anterior fossa causing direct compression of the optic and olfactory nerves and later intracranial hypertension and contralateral disc edema. Subsequent reports of non-tumor and non-anterior fossa causes, most commonly bilateral sequential anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, have been described. We report a 29 year old man who presented with unsteady gait and diminution of vision over 2 months. He displayed findings typical of Parinaud’s syndrome, right disc edema and left optic atrophy. MRI revealed a large pineal tumor associated with hydrocephalus and evidence of increased intracranial pressure. Papillary tumor of the pineal region (PTPR) was diagnosed on histopathology. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this very rare tumor, occurring in association with the Foster Kennedy sign.