Provision Of Support Services Research Articles

Measures of Effective Psychological Care Strategies Used with Looked-After Children and Youths

This paper provides a framework for ascertaining the effectiveness of psychological interventions when working with looked-after children in institutions of care. The paper is derived from a review of various studies in the area of psychological care for looked-after youths and children in different contexts around the globe. The review revealed that the effectiveness of psychological interventions may be ascertained by the presence of the following signs in looked-after youth and children: self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation and sense of mastery. Therefore, caregivers and institutions need to develop a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of their psychological intervention programmes. Although this paper is based on a review of literature, it contributes towards establishment of effective strategies for evaluating the effectiveness of their psychological intervention programmes given to youths and children in institutional contexts. Most importantly, such a study may identify bottlenecks that hinder optimum rehabilitation and development of youths in care. This will be achieved through finding out the extent to which the provision of psychosocial support services impacts on development of personal competencies, i.e. resilience which is key in maintaining a normal personality. A balanced personality is important because it will help the looked-after children to grow and develop normally a prerequisite for achieving full human functioning.

NURSERY SERVICES BEYOND PRIMARY CARE, SUPPORTING FAMILY EDUCATION IN HUNGARY

In the present study, we present the activities of Hungarian nursery services focusing on supporting families. Our research is based on a questionnaire survey carried out between March and June 2018. We used the database of the Hungarian Association of Nurseries that includes 1225 nursery schools in Hungary and we sent the online questionnaire to each of these institutions. We received answers from 289 institutions which are 23.6% of the nurseries in the database. The aim of the research: is to examine the changing system of nurseries and to present the family support services beyond the basic nursery services in Hungary. As a result of the research, it can be concluded that the basic program of nurseries allows for the provision of other family support services in addition to the basic care and education tasks, but this is not extended to nursery services.

Overcoming Digital Exclusion during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Mobile Technology for Survivors of Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking – A Mixed Method Study of Survivors and Support Service Provider Views

ABSTRACT This collaborative, qualitative study aimed to understand the impact that smartphone technology can have for survivors of human trafficking and slavery in relation to their mental health, well-being and social connections, access to services and levels of independence and isolation. The pilot project was conceived shortly before the COVID-19 pandemic by anti-slavery charity Unseen and the telecommunications company BT, in recognition of the potential of smartphone technology to enhance survivors’ recovery from trauma. BT donated smartphones and SIM cards with 6-month call and data packages that Unseen distributed to survivors they were supporting. Seventy-four survivors received a smartphone; 27 survivors were interviewed and 12 Unseen staff completed a free-text survey exploring perceptions of the intervention. A well-being capability measure (ICECAP-A) was conducted with survivors at the start and end of the project. Researchers analyzed all data, triangulating across data sources. Analysis showed support staff play a key role in the success of the intervention to increase digital inclusion. Smartphones helped survivors develop skills to assist them in their move toward independent living and navigate the systems and services in their environment. The intervention was highly valuable to survivors for support, integration and access to services. Our findings suggest that suitable technology packages should be assessed for inclusion as standard support for survivors of modern slavery within the UK Government’s National Referral Mechanism (NRM). Achieving this change in NRM policy will go some way to realize the United Nations 2030 Agenda, specifically SDG 3 (Good health and wellbeing for all at all ages), SDG 8 (Decent Work-inclusive and sustained economic growth) and SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions-inclusive societies and access to justice for all).

Data trust in Consumer Internet of Things assemblages in the mobile and fixed telecommunication operators in South Africa

Background: Devices can be connected through the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to create a smart ecosystem. From the connection, various stakeholders share personal data with companies in the consumer IoT (CIoT) space for marketing and other reasons. Customers download and use applications without mulling over the type of personal information exposed to the rest of the world.Objective: The main objective of this study was to explore data trust in CIoT assemblages in the mobile and fixed telecommunication operators in South Africa.Method: This qualitative study triangulated narrative enquiry with the Delphi technique to explore data trust in CIoT assemblages in South Africa. The primary data collection techniques used in this study were unstructured interviews (in the case of narrative enquiry), questionnaires and semi-structured interviews (in the Delphi technique). For the Delphi technique, five experts were chosen purposively based on their involvement in IoT, selling and on-selling IoT services or those providing support services to the IoT ecosystems, while six narrative enquiry participants were selected through snowball technique based on their exposure to using consumer IoT solutions, ability to provide detailed descriptions of their experiences and willingness to articulate those experiences.Results: The study established that the choice of system to use varied from consumer to consumer. The consumer’s original decision may be influenced by many factors, such as devices sponsored by one’s health insurance or security company. However, the constant use of a specific system makes it personal and more comfortable for the consumer. The level of trust in the CIoT system increases with constant interactions.Conclusion: The study concludes that there should be a very high level of stakeholders trust for faster adoption of CIoT in South Africa. Therefore, regulators such as the Independent Communication Authority of South Africa should ensure that IoT devices in the South African market are trustworthy.

How can we evaluate collaborative practices in inclusive schools? Challenges and proposed solutions

ABSTRACT Inclusive education is endorsed for children with disabilities or special needs attending school. In inclusive settings, support services by health care professionals are essential to support their integration and participation in school life. Collaboration between school health professionals, such as occupational therapists, and school personnel is fundamental and deemed as evidence-based practice in the provision of such support services and is considered as effective practice. However, there are differing views of what collaboration entails. An accurate measurement and evaluation of collaboration among school teams is important to adjust team processes and teamwork skills, and to best support students. In research, the study and the operationalization of the construct of collaboration among team members should also be carefully considered especially in the selected methodology. In this column, the difficulties and pitfalls with current measures of collaboration in the context of inclusive education between occupational therapists (OTs) and educators are discussed. Available measures of collaboration that may be suitable for research use in the school environment are presented. Finally, potential solutions that may be useful to assess collaborative practices and enhance clinical research in the field of school-based occupational therapy practice are proposed.

The associations of physical incapacity and wealth with remaining in paid employment after age 60 in five middle-income and high-income countries.

Previous studies on health and socioeconomic determinants of later-life labour force participation have mainly come from high-income European countries and the United States of America (USA). Findings vary between studies due to different measures of socioeconomic status and labour force outcomes. This study investigated longitudinal associations of physical incapacity and wealth with remaining in paid employment after age 60 in middle- and high-income countries. Using harmonised cohort data in the USA, England, Japan, Mexico and China (N=32,132), multilevel logistic regression was applied for main associations. The age-related probabilities of remaining in paid employment by physical incapacity and wealth were estimated using marginal effects. This study found that physical incapacity predicted lower odds of remaining in paid employment in each country. Wealth was associated with higher odds of remaining in paid employment in the USA, England, and Japan, but not in Mexico. Probabilities of remaining in paid employment were high in Mexico but low in China. The absolute difference in the probability of remaining in paid employment between the richest and the poorest groups was greater in the USA than that in any other country. In the USA, England and Japan, the inverse association between physical incapacity and remaining in paid employment could be partially compensated by wealth only when physical incapacity was not severe. National policies, including considering older adults' changing capacities for job placement and prioritising the provision of supportive services for socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults, developing pathways for informal workers to access social security and pension coverage, and encouraging employers to hire socioeconomically disadvantaged older workers and enhancing their employability, could be facilitated. Future studies, such as exploring health and socioeconomic determinants of remaining in part-time and full-time paid employment separately in more countries, and the moderating effects of relevant policies on these associations, are needed.

Actions and Adaptations Implemented for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Service Provision During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria: Qualitative Study of Health Facility Leaders.

Background:The early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant disruptions in provision of maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) services, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with fragile health systems, such as Nigeria. Measures taken to ‘flatten the curve’ such as lockdowns, curfews, travel restrictions, and suspension of public services inadvertently led to significant disruptions in provision of essential health services. In these countries, health facility leaders are directly responsible for driving changes needed for service delivery.Objective:To explore perspectives of health facility leaders in Lagos, Nigeria, on solutions and adaptations implemented to support MNCH service provision during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:Key informant interviews were remotely conducted with purposively sampled 33 health facility leaders across primary, secondary, and tertiary public health facilities in Lagos between July and November 2020. Following verbatim transcription of recordings, data familiarization, and coding, thematic analysis was used to synthesize data.Results:Health facility leaders scaled down or discontinued outpatient MNCH services and elective surgeries. However, deliveries, newborn, immunization, and emergency services continued. Service provision was reorganized with long and staggered patient appointments, collapsing of wards and modification of health worker duty rosters. Some secondary and tertiary facilities leveraged technology like WhatsApp, webinars, and telemedicine to support service provision. Continuous capacity-building for health workers through training, motivation, psychological support, and atypical sourcing of PPE was instituted to be able to safely maintain service delivery.Conclusion:Health facility leaders led the frontline of the COVID-19 response. While they took to implementing global and national guidelines within their facilities, they also pushed innovative facility-driven adaptations to address the indirect effects of COVID-19. Insights gathered provide lessons to foster resilient LMIC health systems for MNCH service provision in a post-COVID-19 world.

Aspects of the sustainability of the camel milk value chain and its regulatory framework in Isiolo County, Northern Kenya

The camel milk value chain plays a critical role as a primary foundation of livelihoods among the pas­toralist communities, but it faces a great challenge in control mechanisms to enhance a sustainable marketing system. Our study analyzes the drivers and processes influencing the sustainability of the camel milk value chain in Isiolo County, northern Kenya. In this paper, we report on aspects of the characteristics of the value chain players and effi­cacy of its regulatory frameworks, and propose a model for an enhanced system. We conducted the study using primary data from a field survey and obtained secondary data from a desk study. We collected primary data through interviews with households using a survey questionnaire. Using a survey guide, we also conducted key informant interviews to supplement the household infor­mation. Secondary data was obtained from the lit­erature review. We report that the camel milk value chain has three categories of actors: the micro-actors (input suppliers, producers, bulking centers, processors, and marketers), the support services providers (e.g., extension services, financial institu­tions), and the policy-makers who shape the ena­bling environment of the system. Lack of process­ing capacity and poor institutional coordination among the chain actors and support institutions were identified as major challenges affecting the sustainability of the camel milk value chain. We present a well-regulated camel milk value chain model for the county with a focus on establishing a camel milk policy to lead to a sustainable system.

Nexus between police attitudes and responses to domestic and family violence in Australia: does training matter?

ABSTRACT Police attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs about domestic and family violence (DFV) are crucial for promoting a sense of safety and security for victim-survivors seeking criminal justice support and protection. Using survey data collected from a statewide sample of police officers (N = 243) in one jurisdiction in Australia, this study investigates the influence of police attitudes toward DFV on their decision-making in relation to providing support services, taking proactive actions, and seeking domestic violence protection order (DVO) applications in response to DFV. This study further examines whether the receipt of DFV training as well as confidence in handling aspects of DFV moderate police response to DFV situations. Based on multivariate logistic regression adjusted models, police officers who had proactive attitudes (e.g. pro-arrest attitudes) were more willing to provide support services and take other actions, whereas those who possessed reactive attitudes (e.g. minimum police involvement attitudes) were less likely to seek DVO applications and take other actions. Moreover, both training and confidence in handling aspects of DFV cases had a moderating effect such that the likelihoods of making DVO applications, taking other actions, and providing support services are substantially and significantly higher among officers who have received DFV training and have confidence in handling cases. Police attitudes about DFV appear instrumental in shaping responses to victims and survivors of DFV. These findings reinforce the importance of increasing access to officers’ training for DFV as well as finding opportunities to strengthen officers’ confidence in responding to DFV.

Dietetic Management of Adults with Phenylketonuria (PKU) in the UK: A Care Consensus Document.

There is an increasing number of adults and elderly patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) who are either early, late treated, or untreated. The principal treatment is a phenylalanine-restricted diet. There is no established UK training for dietitians who work with adults within the specialty of Inherited Metabolic Disorders (IMDs), including PKU. To address this, a group of experienced dietitians specializing in IMDs created a standard operating procedure (SOP) on the dietetic management of adults with PKU to promote equity of care in IMD dietetic services and to support service provision across the UK. The group met virtually over a period of 12 months until they reached 100% consensus on the SOP content. Areas of limited evidence included optimal blood phenylalanine reporting times to patients, protein requirements in older adults, management of weight and obesity, and management of disordered eating and eating disorders. The SOP does not include guidance on maternal PKU management. The SOP can be used as a tool for training dietitians new to the specialty and to raise the standard of education and care for patients with PKU in the UK.

Assessing a digital peer support self-management intervention for adults with serious mental illness: feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness

Objective To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of digital peer support integrated medical and psychiatric self-management intervention (“PeerTECH”) for adults with a serious mental illness. Methods Twenty-one adults with a chart diagnosis of a serious mental illness (i.e., schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, or treatment-refractory major depressive disorder) and at least one medical comorbidity (i.e., cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and/or high cholesterol) aged 18 years and older received the PeerTECH intervention in the community. Nine peer support specialists were trained to deliver PeerTECH. Data were collected at baseline and 12-weeks. Results This pilot study demonstrated that a 12-week, digital peer support integrated medical and psychiatric self-management intervention for adults with serious mental illness was feasible and acceptable among peer support specialists and patients and was associated with statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy to manage chronic disease and personal empowerment. In addition, pre/post non-statistically significant improvements were observed in psychiatric self-management, medical self-management skills, and feelings of loneliness. Conclusions This single-arm pre/post pilot study demonstrated preliminary evidence peer support specialists could offer a fidelity-adherent digital peer support self-management intervention to adults with serious mental illness. These findings build on the evidence that a digital peer support self-management intervention for adults with serious mental illness designed to improve medical and psychiatric self-management is feasible, acceptable, and shows promising evidence of improvements in clinical outcomes. The use of technology among peer support specialists may be a promising tool to facilitate the delivery of peer support and guided evidence-based self-management support. People with serious mental illness (SMI; defined as individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, or treatment-refractory major depressive disorder) are increasingly utilizing peer support services to support their health and recovery. Peer support is defined as shared knowledge, experience, emotional, social, and/or practical assistance to support others with similar lived experiences (Solomon, 2004). Most recently the definition also includes the provision of evidence-based peer-supported self-management services (Fortuna et al., 2020). Mental health peer support can augment the traditional mental health treatment system through providing support services to maintain recovery between clinical encounters (Solomon, 2004) and is classified by the World Health Organization as an essential element of recovery (World, Health, and Organization, About social determinants of health, 2017).

Assessing Independent Life Skills of Youth in Child Protection: A MultiInformant Approach

Background: This study aimed to adapt and validate a staff version of the PLANEA Independent Life Skills Assessment tools, which were then used to explore the convergence between self-reported and staff views of independent living skills of young people in residential child care in Spain.Method: A sample of 422 care-experienced young people was evaluated by their residential or care workers (n = 219) using the staff version of PLANEA instruments. Psychometric analyses were carried out to study dimensionality and measuring properties of the instruments, while t-tests, Pearson correlations and Fisher’s z were used to study convergence between informants.Results: The results show that the internal structure of the instruments was confirmed for the staff versions (three first-order factors and one second-order factor model for PLANEA-S, unidimensional model for PLANEA-9-S, and two-factor correlated model for PLANEA-T-S). The instruments showed excellent reliability (ω = .80-.97) and discriminative capacity. Staff showed less optimistic views than young people about their independent living skills but not their autonomy to perform everyday life tasks. This was mediated by the role of the adult respondent towards the young person evaluated.Conclusions: As conclusions we can say that the validated staff version of the PLANEA Independent Life Skills Assessment tools expands the scope for assessing this construct in young people in care from a multi-informant perspective. This is key for child protection services to address young people’s individual needs and inform decision-making regarding the provision of support services that will promote a successful transition from care to adulthood for them.

Toward Adaptation of Briquettes Making Technology for Green Energy and Youth Employment in Tanzania: A Review

Briquette technology is an alternative green energy source to offset the increasing demand for charcoal and firewood to save the forests and the environment while creating employment for youth and women. Using the scoping and realistic review techniques, a review study was conducted to establish the briquette technology’s existence, and its value chain, identify stakeholders and challenges along the value chain and explore the policies supporting the technology and potential employment opportunities for youth in the green energy sector. The review results indicated that the briquette technology value chain consists of sourcing raw materials, production process, distribution, and consumption as its components while transportation, storage or packaging, marketing, and training are its supporting services. In addition, it was found that stakeholders in the value chain are manufacturers, producers, and supporting service providers who differ based on their formalities, such as groups, companies, government organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), institutions, and enterprises. Furthermore, five challenges were identified that impair the briquette adoption. They include the technology, raw materials, and the quality of briquettes, promotion, and marketing. Also, the study found that there are limited policies that provide a conducive environment for briquette technology to flourish. The study concludes that briquette technology exists in Tanzania. However, it is not yet matured as compared to the developed countries, and the technology is not backstopped by existing policies. The study recommends the briquette technology as a viable employment opportunity, especially for youth and women; therefore, the formulated briquette value chain should be utilized for easy coordination of stakeholders and deployment of the technology. Also, there is a need to create awareness and innovative strategies for promoting and engaging more stakeholders in the technology through the policies that explicitly insist on adopting the briquette technology.

Feasibility of a Palliative Care Intervention Utilizing Community Health Workers to Facilitate Delivery of Home-based Palliative Care in India

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a home-based palliative care program delivered by community health workers (CHW) in rural areas outside of Kolkata, India. The specific aims were to assess CHWs’ ability to implement the intervention protocol and maintain records of care, to characterize patient problems and CHW activities to assist patients, and to assess change in patient pain scores over the course of the intervention.Materials and Methods:Four CHWs were hired to facilitate delivery of home-based palliative care services. CHWs were trained using the Worldwide Hospice and Palliative Care Alliance’s Palliative Care Toolkit. CHWs provided care for patients for 3-months, making regular home visits to monitor health, making and implementing care plans, and referring patients back to the cancer center team for serious problems.Results:Eleven patients enrolled in the intervention, with ten of these patients participating in the intervention and one patient passing away before starting the intervention. All ten participants reported physical pain, for which CHWs commonly recommended additional or higher dose medication and/or instructed patients how to take medication properly. For two patients, pain levels decreased between baseline and end of study, while pain scores did not decrease for the remaining patients. Other symptoms for which CHWs provided care included gastro-intestinal, bleeding, and respiratory problems.Conclusion:The study findings suggest that utilization of CHWs to provide palliative care in low-resource settings may be a feasible approach for expanding access to palliative care. CHWs were able to carry out the study visit protocol and assess and document patient problems and their activities to assist. They were also able to alleviate many common problems patients experienced with simple suggestions or referrals. However, most patients did not see a decrease in pain levels and more emphasis was needed on the emotional aspects of palliative care, and so CHWs may require additional training on provision of pain management and emotional support services.

Provision of Students’ Welfare and its Influence on Discipline Management in Public Secondary Schools at Kisumu County, Kenya

Provision of welfare services to students is one way of attaining a solution to depressive symptoms predicted by typical school experiences. Whereas administrators of many secondary schools have put in place various welfare services, public schools in some regions of Kenya such as Kisumu County have continued to experience student indiscipline incidents over the years. The objective of this paper was to investigate the influence of provision of student welfare services on discipline management among public secondary schools at Kisumu County in Kenya. Specifically, the paper analysed how provision of health services influence student discipline and how provision of social support services influence discipline management in public secondary schools. The General Systems Theory advanced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy was adopted to guide the study. This research adopted a cross – sectional survey design on a target population of 225 public secondary schools comprising 225 principals, 225 discipline masters and 225 student council leaders. Yamane’s formula was used to obtain of 144 schools: 144 school principals, 144 discipline masters, and 144 student council leaders, alongside 7 sub county education officers, thus forming 439 as the study sample. Closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data from discipline masters and student council leaders while interviews were done with school principals and sub county education officers. Content validity index and split-have methods were computed to check validity and reliability respectively. Findings showed that there was satisfaction with health (M=4.9; SD=1.23) and social (M=4.81; SD=1.19) service provisions among the secondary schools. It is further illustrated that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between students’ welfare management and students’ discipline (n=137, r=.261, p=.002). It is concluded that provision of appropriate student welfare services can lead to a significant improvement in students’ discipline among public secondary schools. This finding should inform formulation of tailored welfare services to students in every secondary school, and further research ought to be done on the effect of healthcare needs provision on students’ discipline management in public secondary schools.

О НЕОБХОДИМОСТИ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ АКТИВНОЙ СТРУКТУРНОЙ И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В АЗИАТСКОЙ РОССИИ

The paper reviews the distinctive features of the economy of Asian Russia. They show the increasing role in the economy of the East of the country of the first stages of extraction and primary processing of natural resources. At the same time there is a significant decrease in the degree of territorial participation not only in the processing of extracted raw materials, but also in the supply of equipment and the provision of industrial and technological support services. The author argues that these disproportions can be overcome only through the implementation of an active spatial and structural policy. An important feature of this policy is the interrelation and interdependence of steps and measures of tax, tariff, scientific and technological regulation of specific projects.

ПРАКТИКА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНІЦІАТИВ ЦИФРОВИХ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ХАБІВ В УКРАЇНІ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ

The paper examines the formation and functioning of digital innovation hubs (Digital Innovation Hub – DIH) in Ukraine as a component of the European integration policy. The authors present the results of creating and developing the Center 4.0 at National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” (DIH KPI) under the Boosting Widening Digital Innovation Hubs (BOWI) project in 2021–2022. The key goal of the project is to create a DIH network and established international interaction corridors that support collaboration between DIHs in which technologies for manufactur- ing enterprises are not yet adequately represented (proto-hubs) and developed, highly experienced hubs in these technologies (mature hubs). The paper describes the functionality of such structures, namely the provision of support services to organiza- tions in a specific region through cooperation with other community partners. Outlined are the results of the BOWI project, in particular – of its second phase, which concerned the interaction of the DIH with representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. The directions of Industry 4.0 in which DIH KPI works and the analysis results of the experiment in second phase of the project according to these directions are given. The procedure for evaluating the submitted projects is given, where each of the applications was evaluated by at least two independent external experts of the consortium according to each of the three criteria: «Excellence», «Impact» and «Implementation». The features of such cooperation are exemplified through the descrip- tion of support services that were offered to the SMEs by the DIH in formalizing their innovative solutions. The focus is on the participation in the project of the Association of Industrial Automation Enterprises of Ukraine, which has been uniting science, education and business in the field of Industry 4.0 for a long time, thus making it possible to achieve the socio-economic effect of Ukraine’s cooperation with the European Union.

The impact of attitude towards an e-tax system on tax compliance of Vietnamese enterprises: Adoption of an e-tax system as a mediator

PURPOSE: Tax compliance is a topic of concern for many scholars all over the world. Most of them point out factors affecting tax compliance, and one significant factor is the adoption of tax compliance. However, there have not been many studies analyzing the relationship between attitude towards an e-tax system, adoption of an e-tax system, and tax compliance. This paper aims to investigate the mediating impact of adoption of an e-tax system in the association between attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance based on empirical evidence from Vietnamese enterprises. METHODOLOGY: On the basis of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), the research model is proposed. Accordingly, hypotheses are developed and this study applies a quantitative analysis with a research sample of 435 Vietnamese enterprises. The questionnaire includes close-ended questions sent to managers or tax accounting officers at enterprises by three methods: directly interviewing, via e-mail, and via the General Department of Taxation. The collected data are then processed and analyzed by SPSS v.22 and AMOS. The study applies Cronbach’s Alpha as a tool for assessing the reliability or internal consistency of scales. Following is the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Finally, regression analysis is used to evaluate the impact of the independent variables on the dependent variable and to estimate the research model. FINDINGS: There are significant direct effects of the two independent variables, attitude towards an e-tax system and adoption of an e-tax system, with the dependent variable tax compliance. Furthermore, the adoption of an e-tax system partially mediates the association between attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance. This mediating effect positively consolidates the impact of attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance. IMPLICATIONS: This paper mainly focuses on the tax compliance of Vietnamese enterprises that could be further studied with foreign enterprises that have been operating in Vietnam. Besides, the research is conducted in the context of Vietnam, thus, it is a reference for studies in other developing countries having a similar economy or tax administration. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study contributes to enhancing research associated with tax compliance, especially investigating the mediating impact of adoption of an e-tax system in the association between attitude towards an e-tax system and tax compliance of enterprises in the context of Vietnam. The findings of the study suggest some policy implications for improving tax compliance in Vietnam including (1) continuously improving the information technology infrastructure for both tax authorities and enterprises; (2) widely disseminating tax law and providing support services to enterprises; (3) upgrading the e-tax system to ensure the effective coordination between tax authorities, tax officials, enterprises, and other authorities in applying e-tax; (4) consolidating the supervision and assessment of the adoption of e-tax; (5) promoting information and education on the perception of complying with the tax law for taxpayers in particular and the entire population in general; (6) developing a tax administration strategy based on tax compliance.

МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ ДОПОМАГАЮЧИХ ПРОФЕСІЙ: ПРАКТИКА ТА ОСВІТА МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ

The article analyzes the concepts of professional identity of specialists in the field of support, the process of asking and receiving help from clients in such professions as psychotherapy, coaching, mediation, facilitation, etc. The key questions that outline the philosophical issues of the functioning of helping professions and the role of the concept of identity in the context of providing support services are formulated. The model of the client's request is described, which is based on clear distinctions between the levels of needs and the corresponding processes and results in the client's interaction with the helper. Shows how the client request structure relates to the helper’s identity. The model demonstrates how the state of the client, his/her understanding of his/her own situation, how he/she articulates his/her problem and desired state, turning to the consultant in the spontaneous unfolding of his/her own identity, influences the process and result of providing assistance, and accordingly, the role played by the helper for satisfaction specified needs. Distinguishing and understanding a specific range of roles (therapist, skill trainer, coach, "guru") of workers in the field of care allows a professional in this field to see more clearly the limits of the application of these roles, to behave more flexibly and openly in relations with the client, to develop separate competencies in order to qualitatively satisfy the client's needs. Accordingly, the identity of the consultant, as a structure that uses and manifests these roles, receives support for self-acceptance on the basis of professional experience and receiving feedback from the client, for decision-making and the development of one's own professional identity. The described model of the client's request also has potential for application in the educational process, as it allows structuring professional skills for their observation, modeling, training and development during the training of professionals in the helping field.

The Eye Inward and the Eye Outward: Introducing a Framework for Mood-Sensitive Service Encounters

This article introduces the concept of mood sensitivity: a service agent’s ability to detect mood during service encounters and customize their interaction style accordingly, with the purpose of improving service encounters as a whole. We report on an experience sampling study that explored the role that mood plays in service provision. Eleven service providers from various fields (education, healthcare, government) participated. The study yielded four general components of service encounter mood sensitivity. The first two represent “the eye outward”: (1) being perceptive of the client’s mood and (2) being able to manage the client’s mood by strategically adjusting one’s interaction style. The other two represent “the eye inward”: (3) being perceptive of one’s own mood and (4) being able to regulate one’s mood to protect personal well-being and avoid negatively impacting an encounter. Our framework of mood sensitivity during service encounters integrates these four components. For each component, opportunities are proposed for the development of tools, training methods, and design interventions that can support service providers seeking to develop their mood sensitivity.