Provision Of Psychological Assistance Research Articles

НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ЗАКОНА «ОБ ОСНОВАХ СИСТЕМЫ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ПРАВОНАРУШЕНИЙ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ» С УЧЕТОМ ПРИНЯТИЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ЗАКОНА «О ПРОБАЦИИ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ»

The adoption of the Federal Law “On Probation in the Russian Federation”, which has, among other things, a preventive nature, necessitates further development of legislation on combating crime on the example of the Federal Law “On the Basics of the crime prevention system in the Russian Federation”. The article, taking into account the introduction of the institute of probation in Russia, formulates the directions of development of this law: determining the forms of behavior of persons who are the subject of crime prevention, and the validity or unreasonableness of attributing to them non-fulfillment (evasion) of measures provided for by an individual program within the framework of probation; considering the extension of preventive measures to persons released from correctional institutions and correctional centers; comparative study of the legal status of persons in respect of whom measures of individual prevention of offenses are carried out, convicted persons and persons to whom probation is applied; expansion of the list of subjects of prevention and public organizations involved in this; etc. Separately, the need to study educational work as a means is highlighted: the prevention of offenses in accordance with the Federal Law “On the Basics of the crime prevention system in the Russian Federation”, the correction of convicts under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as the correction of social behavior of persons in accordance with the Federal Law “On Probation in the Russian Federation” (a similar situation is with the provision of psychological assistance).

"A different country, a different language, a different culture…" Educational experiences of international nursing students studying in Turkey: A qualitative study

AimThis study was aimed at investigating the educational experiences of international nursing students in Turkey. BackgroundNursing education has now gained an international dimension, which creates an environment where students from different cultures come together. In Turkey, nursing education is expanding internationally due to the increasing number of international students. DesignA descriptive- phenomenological qualitative study. MethodsThe study data were collected from nursing students who came to Turkey from 17 different countries between April 2023 and July 2023 to study at a nursing faculty in Turkey using a semi-structured interview form. Of these students, 27 constituted the study sample. The data collected were analyzed using the content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used in reporting the study. ResultsFour themes emerged: a) challenges, b) gains, c) support needs and d) recommendations. Among challenges reported by the participating students were language barriers, cultural adjustment issues and lack of social support. As for the gains of being a foreign student, they stated that they experienced intercultural interaction and improved their language skills, independence and self-confidence. In the study, the need for language support, provision of psychological assistance and cultural adaptation support for these students and the importance of practical recommendations such as mentoring programs and orientation trainings to improve their educational experience were emphasized. ConclusionIn conclusion, in this study, the importance of targeted strategies in nursing education in areas such as language support, psychological assistance and cultural adaptation was emphasized, which helps international students to have a successful educational experience. It was also concluded that mentoring programs and orientation trainings could enrich the educational processes of students by facilitating their adaptation to their new environment. This study is notable in the literature in that students from 17 diverse countries share the same program and the same prerequisites.

STABILITY AND POTENTIAL OF COMMUNITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR: THREATS AND COUNTERMEASURES

Goal. In the conditions of war, the stability of the community becomes a decisive factor for its survival and further development. War exacerbates existing threats and creates new ones, requiring communities to rapidly adapt and develop resilience. The main goal of this article is to identify the key threats to communities in war conditions and to develop countermeasures. Method. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used for the research, including case studies of local communities that have already faced military actions, as well as methods of comparative analysis, systemic-structural, generalization, economic-statistical, abstract-logical, monographic, methods of analysis and synthesis. The results. The invasion of the Russian army on the territory of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 caused terrible destruction, including the civil infrastructure of Ukraine. Significant damage to civil infrastructure has a negative impact on the functioning and development of the national economy, regions and communities. Russia's armed aggression today is also the main threat to the stability and security of the country in general and its regions and territorial communities in particular. This requires an immediate response at various levels of state administration and public activity. In addition to military action and political diplomatic pressure, an important aspect of countermeasures is economic stability. The stability of the economy, in particular, requires the strengthening of internal capacities capable of compensating for the economic and social losses that may arise as a result of military operations and require an understanding of countermeasures against threats. The main areas of sustainability are: Social cohesion: Threats: Division of communities, loss of trust, spread of fear and uncertainty. Countermeasures: Formation of mutual aid networks, provision of clear and truthful communication, organization of social events to preserve the community. Economic stability: Threats: Decrease in economic activity, increase in unemployment, drop in local budgets. Countermeasures: Creation of support funds for local enterprises, development of alternative sales channels, promotion of domestic and foreign investments. Psychological endurance: Threats: Spread of stress, injuries, mental disorders among the population. Countermeasures: Provision of psychological assistance, creation of specialized support centers, conducting trainings on psychological stability. Local self-government: Threats: Destruction of management infrastructure, loss of control over territories. Countermeasures: Development of local authorities, involvement of citizens in decision-making processes, creation of high-speed communication networks for communication between different levels of government. Scientific news. An analysis is made of how strategies to counter threats can be integrated into the daily functioning of the community and increase their recovery potential and resilience in the long term. Practical significance. The conclusions and suggestions of the article can be useful in optimizing community resources and developing strategies for their recovery and development in the post-war period.

The psychological safety of specialists involved in the organization and provision of psychological assistance in war conditions

The aim. To provide an analysis of the theoretical foundations and practical approaches to addressing the issue of psychological safety for specialists involved in the organization and provision of psychological assistance in war conditions.
 Materials and methods. The research employed the bibliographic method, method of analysis, and synthesis of scientific materials from academic sources.
 Results and discussion. A detailed analysis of several scientific studies revealed that among the main prerequisites for the emergence of emotional burnout in helping professionals, two directions are traditionally identified: the characteristics of professional activities and the psychological characteristics of the specialist.
 In the context of the question about the psychological changes that can occur in professionals during their professional activities, we have examined the phenomenon of secondary trauma or secondary traumatic stress, which refers to the trauma experienced by a professional while providing psychological assistance. In the literature on crisis psychology, the phenomenon of burnout is often equated with the phenomenon of secondary trauma due to the following reasons: 1) both states tend to accumulate over time, and 2) they have similar consequences (insomnia, depressed mood, impaired communication with social environment and family).However, a detailed analysis of these phenomena indicates the presence of differences, primarily in the characteristics of their emergence.
 Conclusion. 
 The main safety rules for assisting specialists, compliance with which is necessary to maintain their professional well-being, include: awareness of one's abilities and the limits of one's competence;having an understanding of one's vulnerabilities and assessing one's capabilities and risks when working with cases that involve heightened emotional sensitivity; tracking changes in one's emotional and physical state, as well as changes in behavior; seeking help from superiors when needed;when dealing with challenging crisis events and their aftermath, working better in pairs with colleagues. This is necessary for maintaining emotional balance for each specialist working in a pair and for the ability to rely on each other during consultations or group psychological work;participating periodically in supervision groups or receiving supervision.Following these rules is essential for preserving the emotional well-being of each specialist and enables them to rely on support systems such as working in pairs and seeking supervision or consultation when needed.

Конфиденциальность как принцип деятельности практикующего психолога: современное состояние нормативно-правового регулирования и перспективы

<p style="text-align: justify;">This article provides an overview and analysis of ethical and legal requirements regarding confidentiality in the professional activities of a practicing psychologist. The legal and ethical aspects of maintaining confidentiality are outlined, as well as the legislative possibilities of determining its limits in the relationship “psychologist/ psychotherapist — client” are analyzed. The opinion is expressed that at the legislative level, the problems of confidentiality and the issues of its dissemination in the provision of psychological assistance are poorly developed. At the same time, the ethical requirements of confidentiality by practicing psychologists do not find legislative confirmation, which leads to uncertainty in practice. The proposals on the settlement of issues of confidentiality and its limits at the legislative level are presented, the draft legal norms defining the boundaries of confidentiality in therapeutic relationships are presented.</p>

THE CONCEPT OF THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS SPACE USING FOR TEMPORARY PEOPLE ACCOMMODATION WITH THE CREATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COMFORT

Problem statement. The neighboring country's full-scale military aggression against Ukraine has created many humanitarian problems of a catastrophic nature in our country. Of course, such problems arise in any armed conflict involving the occupation of inhabited territories. One of the extreme measures for the protection of the population provided by the legislation is its evacuation from the combat zone. Unfortunately, this measure is now fully implemented in our country. Today, more than 7 million citizens of Ukraine are forced to leave their homes and leave their region of residence. One of the phases of organizing the evacuation of people is primary temporary resettlement and provision of psychological assistance. Taking into account the climatic conditions of Ukraine, a suitable living environment must be used for primary resettlement. The purpose of the article − assessment of the possibility of public buildings space using for temporary accommodation of evacuated people with the creation of relative psychological comfort. Conclusions. One of the key human needs that significantly affects the psychological state is the availability of living conditions. In order to reduce the stress load, during the development of primary accommodation measures, it is necessary to provide for the living of such groups in a separate space. The concept of primary accommodation for evacuees in partitioned compartments using the living space of public buildings is a compromise, but it has two advantages: the use of existing heated rooms with the necessary utilities and the possibility of all-season accommodation and the creation of conditions to reduce the stress on the individual by separating the people closest to them. The concept of public buildings space using for the quick temporary accommodation of a large number of people according to the hub principle is based on the need to take into account climatic conditions and the use of housing with heating and appropriate communications and the possibility of (relatively cheap and fast) installation of partition structures in them that form a separate living space of the “compartment” type.

Psychotherapy in Dealing with Crises in the COVID-19 Pandemic

In the article, a theoretical analysis of the study of crisis states and the methodological foundations of crisis psychotherapy, taking into account foreign and domestic experience, is carried out. Based on the results of empirical studies, modern foreign and domestic researchers have established that crisis conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic are accompanied by suicidal reactions, depression, neurotic conditions with post-traumatic stress disorders, exacerbation of psychosomatic diseases, psychopathological disorders.Psychological approaches in psychotherapy together with crisis psycho-psychotherapeutic interventions for working with acute crisis states and crisis psychotherapy of clients in the post-quarantine period are considered.The concepts of a crisis state, the features of the influence of "covid" psychotrauma on the mental and psychological health of a person, and the provision of psychological assistance in crisis situations during the COVID-19 pandemic are described in detail. It is noted that in working with crisis conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, modern foreign and Ukrainian specialists prefer cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy.At the theoretical and methodological level, it has been proved that psychotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is close to crisis psychotherapy and is aimed at reintegration of mental activity disturbed by the "conductive" psychotrauma and restoration of psychological adaptation to a certain extent.The psychotherapeutic model of psychological crisis intervention in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is based on a biopsychosocial approach and requires a comprehensive and integrated use of crisis psychotherapy methods with the integration of neuropsychotic methods and Internet technologies into the entire therapy process.

Comparative analysis of the subjective perception of oneself as a future parent among married couples with different reproductive history

Introduction. The problem of infertility is widely known around the world. According to WHO, 3% of the world's population suffers from infertility. In Russia, the problem of infertility is extremely urgent, the number of couples applying for assisted reproductive technologies is growing every year. However, the number of positive IVF protocols, successful pregnancy outcomes, and the quality of life of children born prematurely is still not high. There are more than 700 factors that affect the outcome of pregnancy, most of which are poorly understood, and research in various fields continues. In addition to the proven physiological factors that affect the outcome of pregnancy, there are a number of poorly understood factors that cause idiopathic infertility.Materials and Methods. Author's semi-structured interview for a married couple during pregnancy. Male and female version of the interview. Repeated author's interview for a woman in the early postpartum period. Content analysis.Results. The main results obtained during the interview were analyzed. Such as the subjective assessment of the perception of pregnancy (physical, emotional experiences), the motive of pregnancy, the assessment of one's own parental readiness to raise a child, parental competencies, changes in marital roles, studying the lifestyle before and during pregnancy, contact with one's own parents, behavior during childbirth, primary contact with a newborn child.Discussion and Conclusions. According to the results of the study, conclusions were obtained indicating the importance of timely provision of psychological assistance to pregnant women as a result of the use of ART. Women who are pregnant with ART are more anxious, less self-oriented, more likely to have obstetric and neonatal complications, difficulties with primary psychological contact with a newborn child, difficulties with breastfeeding.

Penitentiary probation as a mechanism to prevent the commission of repeated criminal offenses

The article examines penitentiary probation as a mechanism to prevent the commission of repeated criminal offenses. The author paid attention to the analysis of international and national legislation, which enshrines the concept of penitentiary probation and the procedure for its implementation in relation to persons sentenced to restriction of liberty and imprisonment. The adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Probation” and the establishment of a probation service in Ukraine served to introduce one of the types of probation - penitentiary, as one of the requirements of international organizations. In particular, the implementation of Recommendations CM \ Rec (2010) of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the Council of Europe Rules on Probation concerned the purpose of probation by preventing and reducing crime. To achieve this goal, namely to reduce the commission of repeated criminal offenses, it is necessary to establish a positive relationship with the offender and provide social assistance by returning him to public life. 
 According to the Law of Ukraine “Of Probation”, the main purpose of probation is to prepare persons serving a sentence of restriction of liberty or imprisonment for a certain period of time for release for the purpose of employment of such persons after release at their chosen place of residence. Penitentiary probation should ensure that the convict is provided with a range of social services that will prepare him for release from prison with further adaptation and return to society as a full member. Restoration of the social status of the released person and provision of psychological assistance will help prevent the commission of new criminal offenses. To ensure the restoration of this status, the relevant authorities must clarify the need of the convict after his release from prison. In particular, if necessary, provide social assistance, which may be manifested in the provision of housing, employment, assistance in obtaining a profession, recovery of documents, as well as the provision of psychological assistance. The above factors will serve to assist the released person in social and material adaptation in society, which in turn will help prevent the commission of new criminal offenses.

Cтратегии совладающего поведения студентов в трудной жизненной ситуации

Examined are features of behavior of students of paid division of university in difficult life situations (using the example of the economic crisis). Empirically, the specificity of relationships between severity of the various components of resilience, stress tolerance, and strategies for matching behavior in the face of life difficulties was revealed. Recommendations on provision of psychological assistance to students in difficult life situations are presented.

Psychological Rehabilitation During a Coronavirus pandemic. Legal Aspects

Aim: To analyse the legal regulation of the provision of psychological assistance during the coronavirus pandemic. materials and methods: The research methods were chosen with the aim of the study in mind. In order to establish objectivity and validity of scientific provisions, conclusions, during the research, a set of general scientific and special scientific methods was used, in particular such as: (1) the formal legal method was used to analyse the legal and ethical foundations for providing psychological assistance during the coronavirus pandemic; (2) using the comparative legal method, the approaches of national legislation and international standards to the provision of psychological assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic were clarified; (3) the forecasting and modeling method was used to develop practical recommendations regarding the importance of analyzing the legal regulation of the provision of psychological assistance during the coronavirus pandemic and others in the future; (4) the method of systems analysis made it possible to study the legal regulation of the provision of psychological assistance during the coronavirus pandemic; (5) the historical and legal method made it possible to identify the features of the evolution of legal regulation of the provision of psychological assistance during pandemics. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing health deficiencies, including a shortage of psychologists. States should initiate medical training programs, including for psychologists and psychotherapists. It should be noted that psychological assistance during a coronavirus pandemic should be based on the following principles: accessibility; continuity; focus; interdisciplinary; educational nature of interventions.

Некоторые вопросы правового регулирования деятельности психологов

Issues of providing psychological assistance have become increasingly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, public relations developing in the field of providing psychological assistance to the population in the Russian Federation do not have proper legislative regulation. In order to protect and guard the mental health of the population, the authors of the proposed article draw attention to the need to adopt a federal law regulating the legal status of psychologists and the provision of psychological assistance. Based on the analysis of the regulatory legal and strategic documents of the Russian Federation, international strategic acts, theoretical approaches, etc., the most effective and efficient way to regulate the activities of psychologists is its licensing. The essence of the legislative changes proposed by the authors, including licensing requirements, is presented in the provisions of this article.

ANALYSIS OF REHABILITATION POTENTIAL AND PECULIARITIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CARE FOR COMBATANTS

As a result of the hostilities that are now taking place in the East of our country, the psychological and physical trauma of the combatants is increasingly being seen. Due to the fact that the processes of their adaptation and rehabilitation are delayed in time, we can get stuck with even greater and deeper psychological traumatization of people who have undergone a very high level of stress and returned from the combat zone. Questions regarding a more thorough study and improvement of methods for the rehabilitation of combatants can be attributed to a rather urgent problem of modern Ukraine. We consider it important to draw the attention of scientists and practitioners to the analysis of the rehabilitation potential and finding an effective combination of approaches and methods in the provision of psychological assistance and rehabilitation measures with combatants who have undergone the remote consequences of stressful influences. The use of dolphin therapy for the rehabilitation of combatants today is a rather unique method in Ukraine. Among the disorders that cause the need for rehabilitation, scientists include: disability, alcoholism, drug addiction, loss of social status, work, housing, loved ones, crime. All this has a very negative effect on people, and as a result, quite often our citizens cannot cope alone with the problems in which they find themselves for objective or subjective reasons. Summing up, we came to the conclusion that Ukrainian society needs qualified rehabilitation activities of highly qualified specialists, which are carried out in special rehabilitation centers.

Психология финансовой грамотности военнослужащих

The article is devoted to the problem of psychology of financially competent behavior of servicemen. The psychological etiology of financial literacy / illiteracy of the personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is shown. The study was conducted using: 1) content analysis of information (publications, materials of official inspections, etc.) about the attitude of the personnel of law enforcement agencies to money and financial behavior; 2) expert survey; 3) psychodiagnostic examination (method "California psychological questionnaire". Experts and subjects were 67 soldiers.
 The study found that financially literate / illiterate behavior is determined by a pattern of both General and specific qualities. The basis of the pattern of General qualities of a soldier with a financially competent command were such characteristics as responsibility, self-control and developed intellectual and prognostic abilities. Persons with financially illiterate behavior were distinguished by: inability to competently plan a personal budget; propensity to risky financial transactions; promiscuity and inattention to spending money; frivolous attitude to debts and loans; focus on spending money, not saving it. Thus, the more socially responsible is the behavior of the soldier, the more they demonstrate financially competent behavior.
 The material of the article allows to justify the involvement of military psychologists to solve the problem of improving the financial literacy of personnel. First of all, it concerns preventive psychodiagnostics of propensity of the military personnel to financially illiterate behavior. This should be followed by the provision of psychological assistance to persons in need of it, as well as the formation of the personnel of financial responsibility and predictability, the ability to plan and control personal spending. Ultimately, the work to improve the financial literacy of military personnel will have a positive impact on overcoming the problem of deviant behavior of personnel, as a consequence, to maintain a high level of combat readiness of the Armed Forces.

A Tale of Two Traditions in Applied Sport Psychology: The Heyday of Soviet Sport and Wake-Up Calls for North America

This paper is the second of two essays designed to acquaint English-speaking readers with the work of Avksenty Tcezarevich Puni (1898–1986), one of the fathers of Russian sport psychology. In our previous essay “The Russian origins of sport psychology: a translation of an early work of A. Tc. Puni” (Ryba, Stambulova, & Wrisberg, 2005), we discussed Puni's innovative ideas of psychological preparation of athletes based on his classic paper “Psychological preparation of athletes for a competition” that was published in 1963. In that essay, we grounded Puni's pioneering work within the specific socio-political and historical context of his era by providing a brief overview of his life (including extensive explanatory footnotes) in pre- and post-Socialist Revolution Russia. In this paper, we attempt to further historicize the work of Puni on the psychological preparation of athletes by discussing his ground-breaking model of Psychological Preparation for a Competition (PPC) and contrasting that work with the activity of sport psychology consultants taking place in North America during the same time period (i.e., 1960s and 1970s). In a concluding section, we will discuss some of the lessons sport psychology consultants have learned in the decades since Puni developed his model and suggest some ways future models might expand on Puni's view of the provision of psychological assistance for athletes.