Provision Of Financial Support Research Articles

Layanan Prima dan Digitalisasi UMKM Sepatu, Sentra PIK Pulogadung

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the retail sector, including the MSME leather shoes industry. One of them is the PIK Pulogadung area, which is known as a shopping center in Jakarta, which has experienced a decrease in customer visits resulting in a decrease in sales turnover. In addition, the lack of support from building managers in carrying out promotions and the Covid-19 pandemic are the biggest challenges for leather shoe stores in PIK Pulogadung. The solution to helping the leather shoe MSME industry is to provide excellent service and digitization. By prioritizing excellent service and adopting a digitization strategy, MSME leather shoe stores can improve operational efficiency, expand market reach, and provide customers with a superior shopping experience. Accessibility and Infrastructure Improvement, Education and Training Improvement, Technology Empowerment, Market Development and Promotion, Provision of Financial Support, Formation of Networks and Collaboration. With these steps, it is hoped that the small industrial village in Pulo Gadung can continue to grow and develop as an industrial center that is competitive, creates jobs, and makes a positive contribution to the regional economy

Household energy price resilience in the face of gas and electricity market crises

Despite the provision of financial support by the Government in response to the recent energy crisis, the resilience of households to the ensuing high energy prices remains to be established. In this study we propose a new definition of resilience, specifically ‘energy price resilience’, and put forward an empirical approach to capture low energy price resilience (LENRES). We also assess its associated socio-economic and demographic factors using a representative UK panel. Using models that account for time-invariant unobserved heterogeneity, we further explore the association between LENRES and a rich set of health, disability, and wellbeing outcomes for adults and children through two fundamental routes: (1) the low energy and thermal affordability channel (LEA); and (2) the low energy and financial solvency channel (LES). We find that employment status, housing tenure, inability to save, energy prepayment methods, and household composition are systematic socio-economic correlates of LENRES. Moreover, LENRES is associated with worse health, disability, and wellbeing outcomes for adults; these associations are primarily driven by the LES component. On the other hand, in the case of children, LENRES at home is only systematically associated with life satisfaction, rather than general health. Our results suggest that targeted energy interventions could generate wider societal benefits.

Access to durable LVAD therapy for patients with limited social support: Surveying program-specific approaches

Racial and ethnic disparities in provision of LVAD therapy have been identified. These disparities may be at least partially related to socioeconomic factors, including social support networks and financial constraints. This study aimed to identify specific barriers, and variations in institutional approaches, to the provision of equitable care to underserved populations. A survey was administered to 237 LVAD program personnel, including physicians, LVAD coordinators and social workers, at more than 100 LVAD centers across 7 countries. Three-fourths of respondents reported that their program required a support person to live with the LVAD patient for some period of time following implantation. In addition, 31% of respondents reported that patients with the inability to pay for medications are turned down at their program. The most significant barriers to successful LVAD implantation were lack of social support, lack of insurance and lack of timely referral. The most consistently identified supports needed from the hospital system for success in underserved populations were the provision of a solution for patient transportation to and from hospital visits and the provision of financial support. This survey highlights the challenges facing LVAD programs that care for underserved patient populations, and sets the stage for specific interventions aimed at reducing disparities in access to care.

Navigating the Realm of Product Promotion for Local Chocolates

The Philippines is starting to have strong gains in the chocolate confectionery with the steady increase in demand for local chocolates. A study was conducted to determine the promotional media preference and strategies for creating awareness of the local chocolate developed by the university and identify the barriers in the promotion and marketing sphere. A total of 65 respondents were randomly chosen and a structured questionnaire and focused group discussion was undertaken to gather data from the field. Results of the study showed that various marketing technologies and product promotions are preferred for introducing the chocolate developed by the university. Consumers had outgrown their desire to buy chocolates in the traditional market outlet of souvenir shops and utilization of innovative social media marketing is highly predominant. Likewise, inclination in the use of digital platforms has been established and widely employed resulting to the dwindling utilization of traditional media. Towards this end, it is crucial to identify future activities that will make use of digital technology to push and promote the local chocolate to increase its competitiveness, continuous trainings must be provided to entrepreneurs on online marketing strategies, provision of financial support must be continued for upscaling the product and consumer-centered research must be continuously conducted to address the diverse needs of the consumers when new products are introduced in the market.

The impact of neoliberal discourse and the socio-economic status of parents on TEFL young learners’ achievement: Parental beliefs and behaviors in the spotlight

Considering the scarcity of research on different aspects of young learners’ teaching and learning English, and given the fact that parents provide financial support for the young learners’ education, this study was an attempt to investigate how socio-economic factors interact with parents’ behaviors and beliefs regarding young learners’ success in achieving English oral proficiency. The participants were 28 young learners of English with their parents. They were selected through purposive sampling and these learners were taught with the same method, and tuition were waived for children with low SES. To explore parents’ perceptions, beliefs and 7 behaviors, 17 parents of adequate and inadequate means were interviewed. Qualitative findings indicated that parents based on their SES viewed their young learners’ success in English differently. This study has implications for various agencies in English language teaching, including teachers, teacher educators, and policymakers in Iran, highlighting the interaction of Neoliberalism discourse and parenteral factors and behaviors in education.Given the limited research on young learners’ English language teaching and learning, coupled with the provision of financial support by parents towards their educational pursuits, this study sought to investigate the interplay between socio-economic factors, parental behavior, and beliefs in achieving English oral proficiency. Participants involved in the study comprised 28 young learners of English and their parents, who were selected through purposive sampling. These learners were instructed using the same syllabus, teachers and textbooks with tuition fees waived for children from low socio-economic backgrounds. In order to explore parents’ perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors, 17 parents of the student participants representing varying financial means were interviewed. Qualitative analysis of the findings revealed that parents’ socio-economic status influenced their views on their children’s success in learning English. The implications of these findings are far-reaching, not only for teachers and teacher educators but also for policymakers in Iran, stressing the interplay between neoliberalism discourse and parental factors and behaviors in education.

Four years after the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program in Jordan: evaluation of program's core elements.

To combat antimicrobial resistance, the World Health Organization (WHO) urged healthcare organizations in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) to implement the core elements of the antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs. In response, Jordan took action and developed a national antimicrobial resistance action plan (NAP) in 2017 and commenced the AMS program in all healthcare facilities. It is paramount to evaluate the efforts to implement the AMS programs and understand the challenges of implementing a sustainable and effective program, in Low-Middle Income Country (LMIC) contexts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to appraise the compliance of public hospitals in Jordan to the WHO core elements of effective AMS programs after 4 years of commencement. A cross-sectional study in public hospitals in Jordan, using the WHO AMS program core elements for LMICs was carried out. The questionnaire comprised 30 questions that covered the program's six core elements: leadership commitment, accountability and responsibility, AMS actions, education and training, monitoring, and evaluation, and reporting and feedback. A five-point Likert scale was employed for each question. A total of 27 public hospitals participated, with a response rate of 84.4%. Adherence to core elements ranged from (53%) in the leadership commitment domain to (72%) for AMS procedure application (actions). Based on the mean score, there was no significant difference between hospitals according to location, size, and specialty. The most neglected core elements that emerged as top priority areas were the provision of financial support, collaboration, access, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The current results revealed significant shortcomings in the AMS program in public hospitals despite 4 years of implementation and policy support. Most of the core elements of the AMS program were below average, which requires hospital leadership commitment, and multifaceted collaborative actions from the concerned stakeholders in Jordan.

독일 대중교통에 관한 법제연구

The right to transportation means the right of all citizens to move freely and safely regardless of economic, regional, physical, or social conditions. This, of course, includes the right to use public transportation and the right to move for the transportation vulnerable. Regarding public transport legislation as part of the right to transport, Germany is often cited as the country with the most well-established public transport system in Europe. The characteristics of Germany's public transport legislation can be summarized as follows. First, the German public transport legislation is responding quickly to the trend of the times. Second, public transport policy in Germany is, in principle, under the jurisdiction of the cantons. Third, the provision of financial support in German public transport laws is essential. Fourth, public transportation in Germany is integrated and maintained. Fifth, the German public transport law guarantees the right to move for the disabled. In order for all citizens to enjoy a universal level of transportation service, the right to transportation must first be a fundamental right guaranteed by the Constitution. Based on this, a full-scale review of public transportation-related laws and regulations should be conducted. The case of Germany gives us many suggestions in this respect.

Assessing the Criteria for Equality of the Right: Refugees’ Higher Education from the Perspective of Human Rights

With the Syrian refugee crisis, the subject of refugees’ access to HE, which was only partially funded owing to donor reluctance, was prominently covered in the news, with concepts such as preventing the lost generation, resilience, reconstructing countries, and education as a human right. With the Ukraine crisis, the issue of supporting the higher education of refugees came to the fore again. By 2030, the UNHCR plans to have 30 per cent of refugees enrolled in HE. Although primary education is a right guaranteed by international agreements, equality of refugees’ right to higher education depends on some criteria. Through document analysis, this paper aims to examine the criteria for equality of the right to access to higher education in the context of human rights. International regulations, UNHCR’s education strategies and country policies are examined. Data were categorized into four groups as equality of the right and equal opportunities: success, legal statuses, state’s institutional support and donor support. The policies of Canada, Germany, Turkey and the United Kingdom are examined. Addressing refugee higher education within the scope of human rights only supports the availability of the service. Success and legal status are the criteria for ensuring the equality of the right. The access to higher education right and the provision of financial support only to recognized refugees will create inequality for groups such as asylum seekers who are not legally refugees. The support of countries and donors are necessary to ensure equal opportunities for refugees to access higher education. Furthermore, refugees’ access to higher education can be seen as a long-term and global strategy that should be supported by economic and social reasons.

ASSESSMENT OF TIMBER CONTRACTORS CONTRIBUTION TO FOREST DEVELOPMENT IN ISEYIN AND OYO EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS, OYO STATE, NIGERIA

Two local government areas in Oyo State, (Iseyin and Oyo East) were purposively selected based on the abundance of operational sawmills. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression (α0.05) were used to analyze the data obtained from the respondents. The results showed that most of the respondents (71.3% and 81.7%) interviewed were male in Oyo East and Iseyin respectively. Respondents (68.8% and 79.2%) in Oyo East and Iseyin respectively stated that they are members of the timber contractor’s association in their area. In Oyo East, 20%, 11.3%, 8.8% and 5.5% of the respondents respectively reported that they were involved in the planning of forest activities, planting of seeds and seedlings, monitoring and forest laws enforcement and formulation of forest policies. In Iseyin, 20.8%, 11.7%, 10.8% and 9.2% of the respondents respectively iterated that they were involved in the planning of forest activities, monitoring and forest laws enforcement and formulation of forest policies. Logistic regression analysis showed that educational background (0.787) and the number of years in business (0.840) had significant influence on respondents’ willingness to contribute to forestry development. The study revealed that provision of financial support, better law enforcement and proper land management will increase timber contractors’ contribution to forestry development.

Financial Sponsorship for an Orphan in Islamic Law

The financial guarantee for an orphan crosses the cornerstone on which Benin orphan care institutions are based. The material factor is important in providing the basic needs of the orphan. Therefore, providing financial support to orphan care institutions is one of the most important problems facing orphan care institutions in order to achieve the goals entrusted to them. For this reason, the Islamic law attached great importance to the issue of financial sponsorship for orphans that would achieve the desired goals of orphan care institutions. The research came in three sections and a conclusion. The first topic: the call of Islamic law to treat orphans well, and Islamic law has been keen to preserve the right to sponsor orphans. And it raised the Muslims’ concern to compete in charity to the orphan, and one of the features of the Muslims’ sponsorship of the orphan child in Islamic law. The second topic: The call for financial care for the orphan in Islamic law. Islamic law called for the good treatment of orphans and the provision of financial support in order to promote the orphan so that he becomes an effective element in society, and does not become a burden on others. The third topic: the ruling on the behaviour of an orphan in his money. Accordingly, it is not fit to abide by rights and perform duties.

Prior activation of social work team process by pre-admission one-click automatic referral system

Abstract Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading global cause of mortality. Coronary angiography (CAG) is often performed for CAD patients, and the mean length of stay (LoS) is 4 d. Requests to the social work team (SWT) are often delayed until just before discharge, causing unnecessarily prolonged LoS and reduced chances of obtaining financial support. If the SWT’s support system is activated beforehand for scheduled CAGs, the LoS would be shorter and patients would be relieved of emotional and financial burdens. Methods Collaborating with the cardiology and medical informatics departments, a one-click automatic referral system (OARS) was set up (January-May 2021). When cardiologists scheduled a CAG in the outpatient department, an OARS cue popped automatically for the medical aid recipients. The cardiologists could also activate the pre-admission OARS for other patients when necessary. Subsequently, the SWT responded on that day to discuss initiating the financial support process with the candidates. The rate of cardiologists’ pre-admission referral to SWT, decision-making time on financial support provision, and proportion of patients receiving financial support were compared before and after initiating OARS. Results After initiating pre-admission OARS, the rate of cardiologists’ pre-admission referral to SWT increased from 17.8% (18/101: mean age, 64.6±12.0 y; 32 females; January-December 2020) to 59.1% (55/93: mean age, 64.0±11.8 y; 29 females; June-December 2021) (p < 0.001). Although the decision-making time to provide financial support did not change significantly (8.4±11.1 vs. 4.7±11.6 d; p = 0.96), the proportion of patients receiving financial support increased (45.5% [46/101] vs. 60.2% [56/93]; p = 0.045). Conclusions By enhancing the cardiologists’ pre-admission referral to SWT and success rate of receiving financial support, the proactive strategy of pre-admission OARS benefits CAD patients scheduled for CAG. Key messages • By building a proactive referral strategy of pre-admission OARS, more CAD patients scheduled for CAG could obtain timely financial support and be relieved both emotionally and financially by the SWT. • This pre-admission OARS might be incorporated for more disease entities for patients in need.

The co-management approach has positive impacts on mangrove conservation: evidence from the mono transboundary biosphere reserve (Togo-Benin), West Africa

Literature on conservation science has documented the increasing use of the co-management approach to effectively conserve natural resources. Although some studies found the co-management approach as highly effective, others also reported some uncertainties associated with the use of this conservation approach. Using the mono transboundary biosphere reserve (MTBR) as a case study, this work assessed the effectiveness of the co-management approach for mangrove conservation in West Africa. Data was collected in two protected sites of the reserve (one in Togo and the other in Benin). Exploratory sequential mixed method via in-depth interviews (n = 17), focus group discussions (n = 14), household surveys (n = 274) and expert-based surveys (n = 10) were carried out, and data was analyzed using the InVEST-based Habitat Risk Assessment (HRA) model, chi-square tests and simple probability of likelihood. Findings showed that the co-management approach has lowered anthropogenic stressors to mangroves in the reserve. Under the co-management approach, all the mangroves located in the Benin side of the reserve are identified as under low risk whereas 42% of the mangrove cover are considered under low risk and 58% under medium risk in Togo. Local perception also portrayed the reduction of mangrove degradation in the study sites following the adoption of the co-management approach in the two countries. However, there are some challenges such as the financial support provision and regular community engagement which need to be thoroughly researched and addressed to achieve the sustainability of the positive impacts of the co-management in the MTBR.

Integrating traditional medicine into the Ghanaian health system: perceptions and experiences of traditional medicine practitioners in the Ashanti region.

Traditional medicine (TM) plays a vital role in the Ghanaian health system by serving as an alternative healthcare delivery system for the majority of people. However, the quality of practice and level of TM practitioners' involvement in the integration of TM into the health system have not been fully investigated. This study employed a phenomenological qualitative study design to explore the perceptions, experiences and recommendations of TM practitioners in the Ashanti region regarding TM integration. Data were collected through individual interviews with 17 participants. Participants had knowledge about TM integration. They cited effective alternative healthcare delivery and improved patient outcomes as the key benefits of TM integration. However, they reported a shortage of approved TM products, poor visibility of TM integration and poor relational coordination of care as factors hampering the integration. Participants recommended improved interprofessional relationships, provision of financial support and improved publicity of TM as possible strategies to enhance TM integration in Ghana. The findings of the study clearly demonstrate that the Ghanaian health system is currently operating a consumer-led, tolerant health system with a parallel (between orthodox and TM practitioners) healthcare delivery model. Successful implementation of an effective TM integration would require improved integrative collaborative coordination of care between orthodox and TM practitioners in Ghana.

The Analysis of Company Growth Determinants Based on Financial Statements of the European Companies

The primary aim of this paper is to determine the indicators that have an influence on the company growth in the field of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries during the six-year period (2014–2019). This sector is very important for sustainable development, bearing in mind the need to preserve natural resources, i.e., land, water, plant, and animal resources. Sustainable development of this sector is of satisfactory technical-technological development, economically sustainable, and socially acceptable. The sample consists of 1333 observations of active companies on the European market. Multiple regression analysis was used in order to thoroughly analyze the variables of growth. The obtained results showed that company size has a negative impact on growth, while return on assets and leverage have a positive impact on growth. The impact of these variables was statistically significant. Along with the influence of observed determinants based on data from financial statements, the future growth and development of companies in this sector will certainly depend on the volume of investments, pricing policy, credit and natural conditions, agricultural policy measures, and adequate institutional support through the provision of financial support and encouragement of exports of products. Institutional incentives for more intensive integration of the agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sector are aimed at achieving the concept of integrated sustainable development.

Socio-economic principles of the functioning of economic entities of territorial communities

The productive functioning of economic entities requires due attention to socio-economic fundamentals. The creation of transparent and favorable conditions for business, the development of infrastructure, and the provision of financial support and incentives for innovative projects help to attract investment and create new jobs. In addition, active communication, interaction, and partnership between economic entities and territorial communities are key factors for the success of both parties. This includes sharing experiences, joint planning and decision-making, and public participation in decision-making processes. This approach will help support and develop local enterprises, create a favorable environment for business development, and improve the quality of life in communities. The article aims to examine the main components of the activity of economic entities and their impact on the development of territorial communities. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the socio-economic development of economic entities. The study identifies the key aspects of economic entities’ development, namely: support of small and medium-sized businesses; advisory assistance to market entities; drafting strategic plans for the development of territorial communities; support of local infrastructure, education, healthcare, etc.; and public participation in discussion and decision-making. The article substantiates the process of decentralization reform and its impact on the socio-economic development of economic entities. The regulatory and legal components of relations between economic entities and local governments are characterized. The main areas that will facilitate efficient cooperation between economic entities of territorial communities and local governments are identified.

Impact of Financial Management Practices on Sustainable Growth of SMEs: A Case of Catering Organizations in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province

The study was conducted to establish the impact of financial management practices on the perdomance of SMEs in Zimbabwe. The problem statement identified lack of business growth of SMEs. The objectives of the study were to establish the impact of financial management practices on the sustainable growth of SMEs. The study was based on a sample of 101 SMEs from the Catering Industry that were selected through random sampling. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 2.2. The findings revealed that SMEs used mostly four financial management practices: capital budgeting, working capital management, Capital structure, and financial reporting analysis. The challenges faced by SMEs in implementing prudent financial management practices were mainly poor management skills, lack of business registration and lack of financial literacy skills. The results of the study implied that most challenges faced by SMEs were internally localised. The study recommended a model for growth of SMEs in which the government was the major supporter of SMES through financial literacy training and provision of financial support. SMEs were recommended to use equitable financial management practices.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ САМОПІДТРИМУВАНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ ДЛЯ УРЯДОВОЇ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ, ДЕРЖАВНОЇ БАНКІВСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ ТА ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ВІДНОВЛЮВАНОЇ ЕНЕРГОГЕНЕРАЦІЇ

The interaction of the government financial system, the state banking system, and the investment system of renewable photo-voltaic (PV) power generation equipment can lead to sustainable strategies of these three parties (including government subsi-dies and bank loans) in the distributed state PV-market depending on its level of development. However, the instability of power output, caused by the variability and changing nature of renewable energy sources, poses challenges for large-scale power dispatch. In addition, the development of the PV-industry has been constrained by a long period of return on investment in solar photovoltaics and the need for large initial investments. With the rapid development of the sharing economy, the provision of financial support and the sharing of investment risks among investors in the PV-energy have become key means of promoting the PV-industry. State incentive policy was considered an effective approach to significant promotion of PV-systems. Government subsidies reduce the need for large initial investments, and market mechanisms, such as feed-in tariffs and tax rebates, increase return on investment and reduce payback periods. In addition, bank loans are considered another major source of external financing for the development of the PV-industry. Third-party financing with appropriate risk-sharing is considered an effective approach to promote the use of photovoltaic technologies. As government subsidies put pressure on the state budget and bank loans require banks to take significant credit risks, there are clear barriers to governments and banks supporting the develop-ment of the PV-industry. By 2022, the issues of computing such targeted government subsidies and bank loans with limited credit risks, which maximize incentives for the diffusion of PV-technologies, remain underdeveloped. The current important issues for suggested numerical studying and modeling are: can government subsidies and bank loans significantly contribute to the diffusion of PV-installations at various levels of the PV-market development; what evolutionarily stable states will be formed at different levels of the PV-market development; how the volume of government subsidies, the share of bank loans, the capacity of PV-installations by investors will affect the evolutionary trajectories of the all PV-market parameters and the transformation of various evolutionarily stable states. To do this, numerical modeling is performed to study the dynamic evolutionary trajectories at different levels of the PV-market development.

Farmer’s perception of climate change and adaptation strategies under temperate environmental conditions of Kashmir, India

A study was conducted in nine different topographical locations of Kashmir valley to know the perception of the farmers about climate change. Adaptation and mitigation strategies adopted by the farmers were also documented over a specified period viz., 1980-2019. Results from the observed data revealed warming trends in all seasons, however, winter and spring season temperatures have shown statistically significant increasing trends at the rate of 0.040C/year. Analysis of seasonal and annual precipitation data shows a decreasing trend at the rate of -4.5 mm/ year. The farmers in the study areas had perceived that the climate has changed for the last four decades. Increasing temperature, frequent droughts and less snowfall were the main visual parameters experienced by the farmers. About 30-35% of the farmers have adopted different strategies by default to mitigate ill effects of climate change. However, the majority of the farmers (70%) have not adopted any strategy to cope up with the impacts of climate change. Farmers (>90%) have stressed on provision for an early warning system, timely supply of inputs, provision of financial support and nutrients for soil enrichment as viable options to combat the ill effects of climate change.

Intergenerational Support for Retirees: The Role of Adult Children in the Livelihood of their Parents after Retirement in Bumula Constituency, Kenya

There is a cultural expectation among the Luhyia and particularly the Bukusu sub-tribe that children’s provision of financial support and care to their retired and ageing parents is a guarantee. However, whether this is obligatory or not is still a question of discourse in among researchers and scholars. Despite an array of studies, there is no consensus on the role of children in supporting their elderly parents. This paper therefore entails a study that was conducted in an attempt to elucidate intergenerational support retirees with focus on retired primary teachers in Bumula constituency. Respondents were selected from ten locations including Bumula, Kabula, Kimaeti, Siboti, Mateka, Mayanja, Napara, Mukwa, Mabusi and Khasoko. A total of 28 respondents were obtained through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. In-depth interviews were then conducted and responses tape-recorded for thematic analysis. The Altruism Theory by Auguste Comte formed the foundation of the study as presented in this paper, the study found out that despite the high level of unemployment among youths, retired primary school teachers in Bumula received substantial economic, social and psychological support from their children. It was established that adult children's support, though on the decline, is a critical component in the life of ageing parents because it affects the quality of life after retirement and thus, requires holistic and continuous approach. Adult children's support to the elderly and more so to parents in modern society is perceived as voluntary and/ or discretional as opposed to the traditional times when it was mandatory. The study support recommends a need for concerted efforts to strengthen the agents of socialization and enhance stakeholder participation to address economic and policy factors militating against adult children's support to ensure dignified lives to the elderly.

PALLIATIVE CARE RECOVERY OUTCOMES: NATURE OF RECOVERY OUTCOMES AMONG CANCER PATIENTS IN NAIROBI AND NYERI COUNTIES, KENYA

Purpose: This study sought to find out nature of recovery outcomes among cancer patients attending palliative care in Nairobi and Nyeri County
 Methodology: The study adopted a correlation research design. The target population were the cancer patients, attending treatment at the three palliative care units in Nairobi and Nyeri Counties. Systematic random sampling technique was used in the study to obtain a sample of 96 participants. Semi structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient(r).
 Findings: Result showed that, majority of the respondents (65.5%) had a low level of recovery outcomes, while 32.1% had a high level of recovery outcomes. results indicate that the lowest score on recovery outcomes was 31, while the highest score was 74. The mean score was 47.0+9.465, which indicates that the recovery outcomes fell in the low range. These findings were not unusual considering that most of the patients were newly diagnosed with cancer and for some respondent’s metastasis had set in.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that the two most significant challenges encountered in palliative care were, patient experiencing isolation and lacking finances. Provision of financial support and increasing the number of counselling sessions were suggested as possible strategies for enhancing patient recovery outcomes
 Recommendation: This study recommended that the palliative care units staff should encourage participation of family members, friends and significant others in the cancer continuum, so as to provide psychological and social support to patients
 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy Patients under palliative care could adopt group psychotherapy, including cognitive-behavioural, informational, non-behavioral, social support, and using unusual treatments such as music and art therapy to curb cancer. More cancer related programs enhancing patients AQ should be put in place by the counsellors in order to increase the patients AQ in the palliative care units from moderate level to high level of AQ in order to boost recovery outcomes