Provision Of Credit Facilities Research Articles

The Effect of Interest Rate Risk on Financial Performance with the Mediating Variable of Banking Security Level (Study on Commercial Banks that Go Public in BEI)

Rapid internal and external development has been witnessed by the banking industry, particularly at the domestic level, where the usage of innovative financial instruments has grown dramatically. Banks mediate transactions between different economic activity, receive deposits, create money, and offer thorough banking services to individuals, organizations, and other banks. They also provide credit facilities. As a measure of a nation's spending and investing habits, the interest rate plays a significant role in conserving money and choosing how to spend it. Banking institutions are beginning to understand the significance of risk management in preparing for potential threats to their businesses. Banking executives in Indonesia must mitigate these risks by enhancing their institutions' bottom lines. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between interest rate risk and financial performance in Indonesian banking organizations, with the level of banking security serving as a moderation variable. This quantitative analysis employs a sample of 24 commercial banks that have listed on the IDX between 2019 and 2022 as its research population. The findings shown that Interest Rate Risk significantly impacts Banking Security Level, Financial Performance, and Financial Performance via Interest Rate Risk via Banking Security Level.

Determinants of poverty and welfare among oil palm processors in Osun state

The study analyzed the determinants of poverty and welfare among oil palm processors in Osun state. The specific objectives were to examine the housing and living conditions of oil palm processors in the study area, study the extent of poverty among oil palm processors in the study area, and determine the factors influencing the welfare of oil palm processors in the study area. Primary data were collected from 160 oil palm processors through purposive and random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics, FGT measure of poverty, and Tobit regression model were used as analytical tools. The study revealed that about 76.9 percent of the processors were female. Majority (56.875 percent) of the processing households have accommodation of their own. The results of the FGT show that about 93 percent of the respondents were poor with a poverty incidence (P0) of 0.93125, poverty depth (P1) of 0.787129 and a poverty severity (P2) of 0.695926. The Tobit regression model reveal that household size and processing method used contributes positively to the likelihood of being poor and both are significant at 5%. While access to credit, years of processing experience and monthly income contributes negatively to the likelihood of being poor which are all significant at 5%. This study recommends that policies which will reduce household size such as fertility control measures should be the focus upon. Also policy should focus more on providing credit facilities through cooperative societies in other to help them improve their welfare status.

The Ageing Crisis Threatening Farming in Ethiopia: An Analysis of Youth Involvement in Agriculture

This study examined youth labor force participation in agriculture and factors impeding effective participation in Ethiopia using the 2011-2018 data from the Living Standards Measurement Survey-Integrated Survey of Agriculture (LSMS-ISA). The analytical tools included both descriptive statistics and econometric analysis. Summary statistics show that the average age of the respondents was 47 years, thus they are not at an economically active age. This is an upward trend of 52 years in 2018 compared to 44 years in 2011. The ordinary least square (OLS) regression result indicated that for every 1 unit increase in the independent variable (time), there will be a 1.01 increase in the dependent variable (farm age). The result showed that the increase in time affected age of the farming positively and significantly. The evidence suggested farming population in Ethiopia is growing older and reduced involvement of youth (14.4%). The results also revealed low participation of youth in agriculture activities which increases youth unemployment. In turn, the total dependency ratio in the population equals 102.7. This high dependency ratio means that the ‘dependents’ in society are more reliant on a smaller number of working-aged people, which suggests that for every 1027 dependents, there are roughly 1000 working-age people providing them food through farming. The review result showed youth participation in Ethiopian agriculture is influenced by limited access to land, low attitude on agriculture (attitudinal problems), inadequate access to financial services, problems of rural life, and backwardness of agricultural tools. The study suggests that efforts to shape future work in Ethiopian agriculture should include among other things, access to land and provision of credit facilities. The study pointed out that the efforts to shape the future of agricultural work in Ethiopia should ensure the availability of land and credit.

SOCIOECONOMIC AND PERFORMANCE OF AGRIPRENEURS: A CASE STUDY OF DRIED MELON VALUE CHAIN IN OWO LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

The study was carried out to examine the socioeconomic and performance of the dried melon value chain in Owo Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. The data for the study were collected primarily using a well-structured questionnaire. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to randomly select 120 respondents. Descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques, and multiple regression models were used to analyse the data. The results of the socioeconomic characteristics revealed that male dominates the producers’ chain while female dominates the processors’ and marketers' chains. All the actors were still in their economic active age with a mean age of around 40 years old. Many of the actors were married and had good years of experience with the producers being the highest (18 years). Apart from the producers, many of the actors were educated with at least a primary school education. Processors made more income (N190,374.7) than the producers (N175,709.3) and the marketers (N132,374.4). Despite that, the budgetary techniques confirmed that each chain was profitable, the return on investment was at the highest (0.59) for the processors followed by the producers (0.44) and then, the marketers (0.40). The market margin results showed 0.31, 0.37, and 0.29 for the processors, producers, and marketers, respectively. The results of the multiple regression indicated that costs of labour, transportation, and fixed input significantly influenced producers’ volume of sales. The variables like education, unit price, and labour cost significantly influenced processors’ volume of sales, while age, sex, income, experience, and unit price significantly influenced the marketers’ volume of sales. Therefore, it can be recommended that government intervention is crucial in the melon value chain by subsidizing the inputs to reduce the cost of production and processing. The government should also provide credit facilities and other infrastructure, such as roads, which will reduce the high cost of transportation.
 Keywords: Gross Margin, Market Margin, Melon, Profitability, Volume of Sales, Nigeria

Microfinance and Poverty Reduction in Assam: Uncovering the Nexus between Access to Credit and Household Well-being

This study investigates the impact of microcredit access on income and multidimensional poverty in rural Assam, India. Employing a quasi-experimental design and collecting primary data, the study utilises the probit model for empirical analysis. The findings indicate that equivalence factors influence individual welfare levels. Moreover, households receiving microcredit from semiformal and informal sources exhibit a higher incidence of poverty. Informal borrowers experience a more significant poverty gap compared to semiformal borrowers. However, the study does not find statistically significant evidence to confirm a poverty impact from pooled and formal credit sources. The prevalence of income and multidimensional poverty among semiformal and informal borrowers suggests that these individuals rely on borrowing to finance their children’s education and medical expenses. This points to a failure of the government’s universal education and health policies to uplift vulnerable segments of society. The study recommends providing credit facilities exclusively for productive economic activities to rural residents, accompanied by adequate market linkages.

Effect Of Women Participation In Artisanal Fishing On Their Socio-Economic Well-Being In Coastal Communities In Cross River State, Nigeria

This study examined the effect of women participation in artisanal fishing on their Socio- economic well-being in coastal communities in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study focused specifically on the socio-economic characteristics of women artisanal fish farmers, areas of women participation in artisanal fishing, and effect of women participation in artisanal fishing on their socio-economic well-being. The population of the study comprised all rural women in the coastal communities, who are involved in artisanal fishing activities. The sample was drawn from the population of the study using simple random sampling techniques. A total of 200 respondents were used for the study. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview schedule, and analyzed using the mean, ranking, percentages and ordered probit regression model. Results of analysis indicated that 66% of the women were between the ages of 20-40 years, 39.5% of them attended secondary school, 60% of the women had 3-6 children and about 58% of them were married. Women were also involved in a wide range of areas of artisanal fishing, including fish catch, unloading of fish from canoes, fish processing and carrying and repair of fish gear etc. The study found that women participation in artisanal fishing enabled them to have more money (ranked = 1st), do not lack money again (ranked=2nd ),allowed them to build their own houses (ranked = 3rd) and enhanced their capacities to contribute donations to charities (ranked = 4th) among others. The result of probit analysis revealed that women participation in artisanal fishing was determined by their level of education, credit facilities, age, cultural/religious variables, and family factors etc. The study recommended that government should provide credit facilities in form of grants to rural women involved in artisanal fishing and provide basic training in terms of safety protocol, preservation and processing of fish.
 

Assessment of the sustainability of agricultural livelihood activities among rural women in Kwara State, Nigeria

Women play important role in the agricultural sector of the economy. They engage in different agricultural livelihood activities so as to sustain the economic life and wellbeing of their households. Issues affecting the sustainability of their livelihood activities should therefore be given the necessary concern. The study assessed sustainability of agricultural livelihood activities among rural women in Kwara State. The data for this study were collected through a two-stage sampling technique from 369 rural women using structured questionnaire. The analytical tools used were descriptive statistics, 5- point Likert - type scale and sustainability index. The study reveals that the agricultural livelihood activities of the majority (75%) of the rural women were economically unsustainable. The perceived constraints to economic sustainability of agricultural activities identified were cattle invasion, unavailability of credit facilities, inadequate input, inadequate transportation facilities and high cost of labour. The study concluded that agricultural livelihood activities among rural women are not economically sustainable. It is therefore recommended that measures including improved technology and provision of credit facilities are required to ensure economic sustainability of agricultural livelihood activities.

IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA

The main purpose of this study is to discover the impact of government expenditure on agricultural productivity in Nigerian. The methodology employed in this study was based on the time series data covering from 1985-2018 collected from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The scope of this study spanned from 1985 to 2018, Ordinary least square method of the Keynesian model was used in obtaining the numerical estimates of the coefficients in the model to test the variables most likely to positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria due to Government expenditure. The findings also show that there is a strong relationship between government expenditure and agricultural productivity in Nigerian. From the results obtained, it is clearly seen that adequate funding through provision of credit facilities can significantly increase the productivity and output of the agricultural sector in the economy. Debt financed government expenditure can have hindered growth as it tends to generate inflationary forces in the economy. For government expenditure to exhibit the desired results in the economy, government expenditure needs to be closely monitored.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna: A Tool for Financial Inclusion

Financial inclusion helps emerging countries achieve inclusive development, and offers countries like India hope for sustained growth. Inclusive finance offers low-income and disadvantaged people access to inexpensive financial services. It helps in bridging the gap between financially weak individuals and the formal financial system by improving financial literacy and increasing the channels providing credit facilities. Marginalized groups need financial freedom to flourish economically and socially. Financial inclusion catalyzes economic and social progress, but it is not enough. The effect of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) on financial inclusion and India’s position in the global economy has been investigated in this article. The research is based on data obtained from sources such as the Reserve Bank of India, the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, as well as various academic papers.

Climate change perception, adaptation strategies, and constraints amongst urban farmers in Anambra Metropolis, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Urban agriculture has been recognized as a climate change and risk reduction strategy. However, it is still unclear how urban farmers perceive climate change and what constraints they encounter in adapting to its impacts. This study aims to understand urban farmers’ perceptions and climate change adaptation constraints in Nigeria. Data were obtained through household surveys using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and component factor analyses were used in data analysis. The result shows that most urban farmers perceived climate change through its effects on increased weed infestation, drying up of streams/rivers, decrease in soil moisture, etc. Adaptation strategies range from soil and water adaptation options to various adjustments in the farming system. The principal adaptation constraints faced by urban farmers are somewhat diverse in nature and fall within broader institutional, information, and financial constraints. The study reveals that the socioeconomic conditions of urban farmers in developing countries pose a threat to urban agriculture's potential to mitigate climate change. Therefore, there is a need to support urban farmers in developing countries by providing credit facilities and integrating agricultural lands into urban land-use policies.

Suggestions For Overcoming Obstacles In Betelvine Cultivation Of Davanagere District, Karnataka

Like every other occupation, agriculture has its own constraints. In such a way, this article portrays the various constraints/ barriers experienced by the Davanagere district betelvine growers involved in betelvine cultivation. Harihara and Honnali taluks of the Davanagere district were purposively selected as it holds the highest area under betelvine cultivation. Twenty-five betelvine growers were selected from each of the six selected villages of two taluks of the Davanagere district of Karnataka. The selected betelvine growers were enquired about the difficulties experienced in betelvine cultivation using a three-point continuum and analyzed using Constraint Faced Index (CFI). Based on the study, it was found that yield loss due to inconsistent climatic conditions, high cost of labour, high cost of chemicals and fluctuation in market price were the prominent technical, labour, economic and marketing constraints experienced by the betelvine growers of Davanagere district respectively. Encouraging value-added products was the highly suggested measure followed by a provision of good quality inputs and providing credit facilities were the key suggestions put forward by the betelvine growers to overcome the constraints.

Penyelidikan dan Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Terhadap Kasus Kredit Macet Pada Bank Bumn Menurut UU Tipikor

One element of corruption offenses is the unlawful action that harms the state's finance or economy. In the context of state-owned banks, there are still two different opinions about the source of finance, whether it belongs to state finance or limited liability company (PT) finance. Due to this ambiguity, anti-corruption investigators should understand this issue before investigating state-owned banks with a limited liability company structure. The research was conducted at the North Sumatra High Prosecutor's Office because it is currently investigating alleged corruption crimes related to non-performing loans worth IDR 39.5 billion at Bank BTN Medan Branch. The research aims to investigate: first, the regulation of corruption investigation related to non-performing loans cases in state-owned banks, which are related to the lex specialis derogat legi generalis principle; and second, the investigation of corruption crimes related to non-performing loans cases in state-owned banks by the North Sumatra High Prosecutor's Office. This research used a descriptive-analytical normative legal research method with a legislative approach. The data were collected through secondary sources and field studies at the North Sumatra High Prosecutor's Office. The data were analyzed using a qualitative data analysis method. The research findings show that based on the lex specialis systematische principle, the Banking Law should be applied to banking cases resulting in non-performing loans. The North Sumatra High Prosecutor's Office conducts corruption investigations by collecting evidence to be used as valid evidence, and when the suspect is found, the evidence will be used to prove the case. It is recommended that law enforcement officers, especially the prosecutors and judges who apply the law to the cases, should apply the Banking Law to non-performing loan cases. If there is an unlawful action found in the provision of credit facilities, it should be investigated as a corruption case.

Exploring the Determinants of Milk Production among Smallholder Dairy Farming: A Case of Pirojpur District, Bangladesh

Dairy farming is a good income source of the smallholder dairy farmers in Bangladesh to maintain their livelihood. In this aspect, the objective of the study was to assess the determinants or factors infl uencing milk production in the smallholder dairy farms in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh. A sample of 93 smallholder dairy farmers was randomly selected for data collection. A pre-tested structured interview schedule was employed to conduct the survey among the respondents. The data were interpreted by using percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation and regression analysis. Majority of the farmers (84.9%) had low to moderate milk production in their farm. The milk production was infl uenced by training in cattle rearing, smaller cattle herd size, farmers’ higher knowledge on milk production, and a greater number of milking cows. The Department of Livestock Service (DLS) and other related NGOs may arrange more training programs for the smallholder dairy farmers focused on milk production. Initiative like providing credit facilities either interest-free or lower rate of interest may help the farmers to be owner of more milking cow as well as increase farm income of the smallholder dairy farmers

Role of MSMEs in Building a Better Future for India by 2030 to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

The Sustainable Development Goals provide a comprehensive framework for creating a better future for all. Sustainable Development Goals can be achieved by businesses, and the good news is that this is good for both humanity and business. As part of Atmnirbhar Bharat's agenda, we are promoting MSME development and creating good infrastructure to support MSME. We are also encouraging MSME for the production of products with domestic value addition and reducing imports. MSME producers in our nation were also encouraged by this mission to produce import substitution goods. Additionally, the sector contributes to the generation of employment, economic development as well as the development of backward and rural areas of the nation. By providing credit facilities and skilled entrepreneurs to MSME, the Indian government promoted MSME through various atmanibhar bhatat schemes, which made this sector more competitive and attractive, both nationally and internationally

Assessing the impact of poverty alleviation programs on poverty reduction in Nigeria: Selected programs

AbstractThe menace of poverty can seem unavoidable in a developing country like Nigeria, with well over half the population under the poverty threshold despite several poverty alleviation programs implemented over four decades. Therefore, this paper investigates the impact of selected poverty alleviation programs on poverty reduction in Nigeria, covering the period from 1981 to 2015. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and CBN Annual Reports constituted the main sources of data used in this study. Autoregressive distributed lagged models were used in estimating the relationship. Two categories of social intervention programs—“income and wealth redistribution programs” (a proxy for “longevity” in the Multidimensional Poverty Index [MPI] [Category 1]) and “access and empowerment programs” (a proxy for “education attainment” in the MPI [Category 2])—were used, and both were found to reduce the poverty rate. Thus, a percentage point increment in access and empowerment programs reduces the poverty rate by 1.33%. The Category 1 relationship, however, was found to be statistically insignificant. In conclusion, the provision of credit facilities, social capital, and a congenial business environment should be encouraged by both public and private bodies in the poverty alleviation agenda.

Economic Assessment of Vegetable Seeds Marketing in Rajshahi District of Bangladesh

An efficient seed marketing system is very crucial for boosting vegetable production in Bangladesh. This study evaluated the vegetable seed marketing channels in Bangladesh including profit margins of various traders and different problems faced by them. Primary data from 45 vegetable farmers and 30 seed traders in Rajshahi district were collected by face-to-face interview. Descriptive and profitability analysis were employed, while problem confrontation index (PCI) was used to rank the problems. The findings revealed that vegetable seeds were traded through six major marketing channels. Private agents supply the majority of seeds where dealers, wholesalers, retailers and farmers were the key actors in the channels. However, rural market traders had the highest marketing margin and terminal market traders had the lowest. BCR for terminal market traders was 1.53 that is highest among the traders’ categories where BCR for rural market traders was lowest (1.36). Lack of bank loan facilities, inadequate capital, lack of separate market place, and lack of technical know-how were the major ranked problems faced by traders. The study recommends providing credit facilities to the traders, arranging a separated market place and proper training to increase technical knowledge.

Implementasi Sistem Pengelolaan Dana Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Di Baitul Maal As’Adiyah Wonomulyo

Baitul Maal wa Tanwil serves as one of the fund-raisers from the community to be managed as a benefit of its members, among others, by providing credit facilities based on Islamic economic principles. At the practical level, there are several concrete cases related to alleged corruption of social fund assistance caused by acts of abuse of authority, one of which is the corruption case of social fund assistance in West Java involving the regional apparatus. This study aims to find out how the implementation of the social fund management system in the welfare of the community in Baitul Mal As'adiyah Wonomulyo. This article is included in field research with a qualitative approach. The results of the research on the existence of Baitul Maal As'adiyah have a role and benefits in helping to improve the surrounding micro, small and medium enterprises, namely by collecting Zakat, Infaq, and Shodaqoh funds from the community and then distributed to 8 asnaf and those who are entitled to receive them in the context of poverty alleviation efforts. In addition, the existence of Baitul Maal As'adiyah is able to minimize the space for loan sharks whose existence is very detrimental to small businesses

AN ANALYSIS OF CREDIT GROWTH THROUGH TRADITIONAL BANKS AND FINTECH COMPANIES IN INDIA

The evolution of FinTech companies in banking sector has shifted the way of providing banking services. Utilizing the power of innovative technologies like machine learning, artificial intelligence, etc. these FinTech companies have captured the financial market. Now they are moving toward the core business segment of banks i.e., lending. Fintech lending covers all the credit activities performed over the internet via a digital platform or web. FinTech companies provide digital platforms to lenders for providing credit facilities. Recently, the credit through FinTech companies has shown rapid growth in terms of new loan accounts as well as amount disbursed. This paper has analysed the growth of FinTech credit based on the data of 119 companies from 2019 to 2021 and it was found that the both number of new loan accounts and credit disbursed have grown with 51% and 42% respectively. The FinTech credit portfolio outstanding was also 16% Y-o-Y growth. With rising trend, the FinTech has highest delinquency rate after Public sector banks. However, while comparing with the volume and value of credit through schedule commercial banks in India, FinTech credit is far behind the SCBs and it will take lot of times and support of regulatory authorities & government to come parallel to SCBs.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pembeli Lelang Eksekusi PUPN dalam Hal Objek Lelang Tanah Kabur

Banks are one of the most important financial institutions and have a large role in the economic life of society, considering that banks are one of the people's choices that can provide credit facilities. Problems in the field are increasingly complex with various sources of data used as a reference to find answers from the processes carried out by researchers so that this problem approach method is a sub-method to be able to solve a problem. The auction principles based on the auction regulations include the principle of publicity, the principle of competition, the principle of certainty, the principle of accountability, the principle of efficiency, the principle of balance and the principle of justice in the land auction object, even though there is a certificate of title. on valid Land and SKPT, one of the principles that has not been implemented except for the principle of certainty because it does not involve BPN in taking care of the existence of the object prior to auctioning to find out the location of the land. As a result, one of the principles has an impact on the implementation of the auction principle, namely the principle of accountability and the principle of justice, which is not realized

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pembeli Lelang Eksekusi PUPN dalam Hal Objek Lelang Tanah Kabur

Banks are one of the most important financial institutions and have a large role in the economic life of society, considering that banks are one of the people's choices that can provide credit facilities. Problems in the field are increasingly complex with various sources of data used as a reference to find answers from the processes carried out by researchers so that this problem approach method is a sub-method to be able to solve a problem. The auction principles based on the auction regulations include the principle of publicity, the principle of competition, the principle of certainty, the principle of accountability, the principle of efficiency, the principle of balance and the principle of justice in the land auction object, even though there is a certificate of title. on valid Land and SKPT, one of the principles that has not been implemented except for the principle of certainty because it does not involve BPN in taking care of the existence of the object prior to auctioning to find out the location of the land. As a result, one of the principles has an impact on the implementation of the auction principle, namely the principle of accountability and the principle of justice, which is not realized