Van Province Research Articles

Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Hayvan Hayat Sigortası Yaptırmalarına Etki Eden Faktörlerin Analizi: Van İli Örneği

Süt sığırcılığı, doğası gereği birçok risk ve belirsizlikle karşı karşıyadır. Süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinin varlığını sürdürebilmesi, karşılaşılan risk ve belirsizlikleri en iyi şekilde yönetebilmeleri ile mümkündür. Risk ve belirsizliklerin ortaya çıkardığı olumsuzlukları en aza indirmenin yollarından biri de tarım sigortası uygulamalarıdır. Hayvan hayat sigortaları işletmelerin zararlarını tazmin ederek, işletmelerin varlığını ve üretimin sürdürülebilir olmasına önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Van ilindeki süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinin hayvan hayat sigortası yaptırmalarında etkili olan faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini 178 üretici ile yüz yüze yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve çapraz tablolar verilmiş, üreticilerin sigorta yaptırmalarında etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesinde ise Binomial logit model kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, yıllık süt üretimi, işletmede kayıt tutma, tarımsal kredi kullanma, Damızlık Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliği’ne üye olma ve faydalanılan destek sayısı ile sigorta yaptırma arasında pozitif yönlü, traktöre sahip olma, sağım öncesi meme temizliği yapma ve suni tohumlama yaptırma ile hayvan hayat sigortası yaptırma arasında ise negatif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde var olan risklerin yönetilmesinde önemli bir araç olan hayvan hayat sigortasına katılımın arttırılması, ilde süt sığırcılığı ve süt ürünleri üretiminin gelişmesine ve sürdürülebilir olmasına önemli katkılar sağlayabilecektir.

COVID-19 Diagnosis from Blood Gas Using Multivariate Linear Regression

With the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, almost all scientists and nations began to show great interest in the subject for a long time. Studies in the field of outbreak, diagnosis and prevention are still ongoing. Issues such as methods developed to understand the spread mechanisms of the disease, prevention measures, vaccine and drug research are among the top priorities of the world agenda. The accuracy of the tests applied in the outbreak management has become extremely critical. In this study, it is aimed to obtain a function that finds the positive or negative COVID-19 test from the blood gas values of individuals by using Machine Learning methods to contribute to the outbreak management. Using the Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR) model, a linear function is obtained to represent the COVID-19 dataset taken from the Van province of Turkey. The data set obtained from Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Dursun Odabaş Medical Center consists of blood gas analysis samples (109 positive, 1146 negative) taken from individuals. It is thought that the linear function to be obtained by using these data will be an important method in determining the test results of individuals. Gradient Descent optimization methods are used to find the optimum values of the coefficients in the function to be obtained. In the study, the RMSProp optimization algorithm has a success rate of 58-91.23% in all measurement methods, and it is seen that it is much more successful than other optimization algorithms.

First detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia canis, and Anaplasma ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa ticks collected from sheep, Turkey.

Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are important tick-borne rickettsial diseases of medical and veterinary importance that cause economic losses in livestock. In this study, the prevalence of Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis was investigated in ticks collected from sheep in various farms in Van province, which is located in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey. The ticks used in this study were collected by random sampling in 26 family farm business in 13 districts of Van province. A total of 688 ticks were collected from 88 sheep and 88 tick pools were created. All ticks identified morphologically as Rhipicephalus bursa. Phylogenetic analysis of Chaperonin and 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed A. ovis, E. canis and E. chaffeensis in this study. Of the 88 tick pools tested, 28.41% (25/88) were positive for at least one pathogen. Anaplasma DNA was detected in five of the 88 pools (5.68%), E. canis DNA was detected in 19 of the 88 pools (21.59%), and E. chaffeensis DNA was detected in one of the 88 pools (1.14%) of R. bursa ticks. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the presence of A. ovis, E. canis, and E. chaffeensis in R. bursa ticks collected from sheep in Turkey. Further studies are needed to investigate other co-infections in sheep in Turkey.

Astragalus miksensis Fırat (Fabaceae), a new species in section Hymenostegis from Van province, Türkiye

Astragalus miksensis Fırat (sect. Hymenostegis Bunge), a new species is described from Bahçesaray (Miks)/Van province, Türkiye. The new species is morphologically similar to Astragalus zohrabi Bunge, from which it differs in several morphological features including stipules, leaves, peduncle, indumentum, inflorescence shape, flower, ovary, fruit and seed characters. A comprehensive description of Astragalus miksensis is provided, including detailed photographs, distribution map, habitat and ecology, vernacular names and IUCN conservation status.

Comparison of pure caucasian, carniolan and native anatolian ecotype honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies in the eastern anatolia region with reciprocal F1 hybrids

The aim of this study was to compare specific physiological and behavioral characteristics of A. m. caucasica, A. m. carnica, and native honeybees, as well as reciprocal crosses, within the ecological conditions of East Anatolia (Van province), Turkey. The findings revealed that native honeybees exhibited the highest average sealed brood area and the highest average number of frames with bees. In contrast, the highest average honey yield was observed in the crossbreeding of Carniolan bees with native bees. Significant differences were identified among the groups concerning brood area, the number of bee frames, aggression tendency, and honey yield. The study concluded that Carniolan and Caucasian bees exhibited suboptimal performance outside their native habitats. Nevertheless, Carniolan bees were identified as a viable option for mitigating aggression tendencies and enhancing honey yield in native bee populations.

THE EFFECT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL: SOLAR ENERGY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH LAND COVER: THE CASE OF VAN / TURKIYE

Climate change has led to many problems related to both environment and livelihood. Increasing the use of renewable energy is one of a solution tool to prevent climate change and adapt to its effects. The aim of this study was, to probe the possible effects of climate change on solar energy potential and its relationship with the land cover in Van. VYYU SPP’s data on power generation was used to find which method of mapping was more accurate in predicting the solar energy potential in Van. According to the analysis of climate parameters, they were interpreted in regard to the effects of climate change and solar energy potential. Additionally, CORINE land cover change maps have been discussed and compared with the solar energy potential approach for the province of Van. Further, the solar energy potential of land cover classes has been presented and an assessment too and propositions have been made accordingly.

Noccaea Anatolica Sp. Nov. (Brassicaceae): A New Species from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye

Noccaea anatolica sp. nov. (Brassicaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Van Province in eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. Diagnostic morphological characteristics, a full description, detailed illustrations, and a distribution map are provided. It is morphologically similar to Noccaea sintenisii and Noccaea valerianoides but easily differs from these species by its fruit shape, seed characters, basal leaf shape, and also general habit.

Optimal Güneş Paneli Eğim Açılarını Bulmak için Bir Regresyon Modeli

Energy efficiency is at the top of the measures created against the ever-increasing energy need for supply. Moreover, the global climate crisis, the protection of the environment, and the improvement of the economy are only possible by optimizing active energy systems. For this purpose, it is a requirement that the solar panels have the appropriate tilt angles and correct positions in order to maximize the efficiency of solar energy systems. In this study, for the province of Van (43°38’ N-38°50’ E), whose solar energy potential is higher than the average of Turkey, the optimum solar panel angle according to the months of the year was determined for the south-facing solar panels. It has been determined that the annual panel inclination angle is 30.540 and in the case of monthly change of panel angles, the annual yield increases up to 14% compared to the horizontal plane, reaching an average annual radiation value of 5090 Wh/m2-day. 8 different mathematical models have been developed from 4 different variables for estimating the optimum angle value specific to the latitude of the region. The statistical coefficient of certainty (R2) range of these models varies between 0.9068 and 0.9964. As a result of these findings, the regression model, whose applicability and reliability have been proven, can serve as examples of locations at different coordinates in the same latitude. Furthermore, the results set an example for academics and industrialists in terms of the proposed model's engineering design, eco-energy analysis, and use in optimal design processes.

Types of wounds on those rescued from the avalanche disaster

Aim: The most crucial step in rescue operations is the safety of rescuers. Two critical points were addressed to contribute to the literature. The first point is that the intervention of the rescuers together with the local people before ensuring the safety may result in more catastrophic disasters, and the second point is the course of avalanche victims after being rescued. Method: After the avalanche disaster that occurred in February 2020, the team, who went to help, was exposed to the avalanche disaster that happened again. A total of 65 people were rescued with injuries in both disasters. Data of patients admitted to neighboring hospitals (secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities) in Van province and 112 Emergency Health Services data were recorded. Result: 41 avalanche victims died, 40 were out of the hospital and one victim in a local secondary healthcare facility. Among the 65 rescued people, one was admitted to the intensive care unit, 8 underwent emergency surgery, 40 were admitted to the hospital for follow-up purposes, and 16 were discharged after initial treatment in the emergency department. Of the patients, 63 were male, one was female, and the mean age was 36.39 years. Conclusion: The primary strategy in an avalanche disaster is to stay in the safe zone. As with all major disasters, various types of injuries can occur. Although the priority is to reduce deaths, determining the most common injury areas of individuals exposed to disasters will help prevent possible deaths and disabilities.

Determination of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Structure and Preferences of Households in Urban and Rural Areas: A Sample of Tuşba District of Van Province

Araştırmada, Van ili Tuşba ilçesinde kentsel ve kırsal alanda yaşayan hanelerin meyve-sebze tüketim yapısı ve tercihlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ana materyalini, Tuşba ilçesi kentsel (180) ve kırsal alanda (92) ikamet eden ve oransal örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 272 haneden toplanan anket verileri oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans dağılımı ve çapraz tablolar kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ankete katılan hanehalkı bireylerinin; %79.4’ü erkek, %20.6’ı kadın, ortalama yaşı 41.04 yıl, %37.9’u ilkokul mezunu ve ortalama hanehalkı genişliği 5.7 kişidir. Kentsel alandaki hanelerin; %80.6’sının, kırsal alandaki hanelerin ise %84.8’inin düzenli olarak meyve-sebze satın aldıkları, kentsel alandaki hanelerin aylık ortalama 521.47 TL, kırsal alandaki hanelerin ise 360.08 TL meyve-sebze tüketim harcaması yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Kentsel ve kırsal alanda en fazla tüketimi yapılan sebze grubu yumrulu sebzeler iken, en fazla tüketimi yapılan meyve grubu ise yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kentsel alanda hanelerin %55.0’inin, kırsal alanda ise hanelerin %79.3’ünün yeterli düzeyde meyve-sebze tüketmedikleri ve meyve-sebze satın alırken en fazla önem verilen faktörün “sağlık açısından güvenilir olmak”, en az önem verilen faktörün ise “ürün etiketleme” olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Molecular Survey of Anaplasma capra in Goats in Van Province, Eastern Türkiye.

A newly discovered zoonotic infection carried by ixodid ticks, Anaplasma capra, affects a wide variety of hosts, including numerous mammals. A. capra most likely infects erythrocytes or endothelial cells in mammals. This study aimed to investigate the A. capra pathogen in goats in Türkiye's Van province. A total of 200 goat blood samples were examined. Goat samples were subjected to partial amplification of the gltA gene fragment using a nested polymerase chain reaction. A. capra DNA was detected in 0.5% of goat blood samples. Phylogenetic analysis of a partial gltA gene fragment showed that the Eastern Türkiye isolate, closely grouped with A. capra isolates reported from wild and domestic ruminants in France, Türkiye, and Kyrgyzstan, formed a distinct clade. This is the first report of A. capra in goats in Van province, Eastern Türkiye.

Astragalus nordizensis (Fabacaea), a new species from Van province (Türkiye) belonging to section Hymenostegis

Astragalus nordizensis Fırat (sect. Hymenostegis Bunge), is described as a new species from Gürpınar district of Van province, Türkiye. From the morphological point of view, the new species appears to be most similar to Astragalus zohrabi Bunge and A. rubrostriatus Bunge, but it differs in several morphological characters including peduncle indumentum, inflorescence shape, leaf and flower, fruit and seed morphology, etc. A comprehensive description of this new species is provided, including detailed photographs, geographical distribution map, habitat and ecology, vernacular name and IUCN conservation status.

Factors affecting self-esteem and anxiety levels in high school students in Van Province Tusba District

This cross-sectionally study aimed to determine the self-esteem and anxiety levels of young people in socio-economically and socio-culturally lower regions of the country and to evaluate whether there is a relationship between self-esteem and anxiety levels. 602 students studying in high schools were included in the study. Rosenberg scale and Spielberg trait anxiety scale (SSAS) and a survey about socio-demographic characteristics were administered to the students. In the study, 53.7% (331) of the students were female and 46.3% (285) were male. Self-esteem was found to be high in 82.6% of the students and at medium level in 17.4%. There are no students with low self-perception. Self-esteem levels of those with poor income, those who smoke and use addictive substances, and those with low academic performance were found to be significantly lower. The students' SSAS mean score is 47.36±8.13. There is a negative correlation between SSAS score and self-esteem. Income status, perception of quality of life, health status, academic performance and SSAS score show a negative correlation. As a result, negative conditions increase the SSAS score and decrease self-esteem. It is important to improve the economic conditions of students, to teach them healthy lifestyle behaviors, to have regular health examinations, and to maintain their healthy condition. Increasing the academic performance of children who are unsuccessful in school will reduce their anxiety levels. Health is a whole physically, spiritually and socially.

The Aero‐Allergen Sensitization Patterns with Adult Allergic Rhinitis Patients in Van Province

The Aero‐Allergen Sensitization Patterns with Adult Allergic Rhinitis Patients in Van Province

Chemical Composition and Physical Properties of Milk in Norduz Sheep

The objective of this study was to uncover the milk composition traits of Norduz sheep, which are bred in the Gürpınar district of the Van province, during the mid-term lactation period. The chosen ewes exhibited no signs of clinical or subclinical mastitis. A total of 104 sheep milk samples were meticulously collected to undergo comprehensive milk composition analysis. The chemical and physical attributes of Norduz sheep milk were methodically determined utilizing a milk autoanalyzer. The mean values for various milk constituents were as follows: milk fat (%), 2.48±0.11; solids-not-fat (SNF) (%), 10.76±0.08; milk protein (%), 5.09±0.04; lactose (%), 4.79±0.04; pH, 6.93±0.02; conductivity (mS/cm), 4.41±0.04; freezing point (°C), -0.602±0.80; salt (%), 0.8035±0.66; and density (kg/m3), 1039.73±0.39. Noteworthy negative and statistically significant correlations were observed between milk fat and protein (r=-0.36, p

A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE CHANGING SOCIAL PROFILE OF THE BORDER SMUGGLER

In this article, the changing social profile of border smugglers is examined. Although informal flows (smuggling) create increasingly complex problems at origin, destination and intermediate points in the globalization process, the fact that smugglers, the main actors of this process, are not sufficiently recognized is the important reason for this review. This issue has not received the necessary attention in the field of science. This issue, which is problematized in the article, is described with a phenomenological study. For this purpose, information about the social profiles of old-style border smugglers was obtained from the border smuggling themed movies "The Law of the Borders" and "Mule Makers". Information about the social profiles of the new type of border smugglers was obtained by interviewing 30 people who were connected to the border smuggling phenomenon in Van province in 2022 and determined in accordance with the snowball sampling technique, using a semi-structured questionnaire tool. Data obtained from two sources were examined in accordance with the interactional discourse analysis technique. In this analysis, the social profile of old and new border smugglers is described within the framework of four features: Demographic features; Social roles, behaviour’s and attitudes; Social network and relationships; and Social status and power structures. The article is based on the social network theory perspective. According to the general finding reached as a result of the article review, in the province of Van, the border smuggler social profile has a traditional and modern form. Although the traditional essence of the border smuggler social profile is preserved, the socio-cultural network is fragmented.

Clustering analysis of the seismicity of Van Province and its surroundings via spatial autocorrelation techniques filters

Clustering analysis of the seismicity of Van Province and its surroundings via spatial autocorrelation techniques filters

Göç Sonrası Uyum Sürecı̇nde İş Rolünün Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Poisson Regresyon İle İncelenmesi: Van Örneği

Migration is a process of social change that involves the geographical relocation of people from one settlement to another, either permanently or temporarily, in order to spend all or part of their future lives. Van province is among the provinces receiving migration due to its geopolitical location and level of development. Migrant individuals need to adapt to that society in order to normalise their relations with the resident population over time. Individuals are in constant contact with the society due to the work done after migration, so it is thought that the work done has an important effect on the adaptation process. In this study, the effect of work on the post-migration adjustment process of individuals migrating from the first and second degree border neighbouring provinces of Van province was analysed using Poisson and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression methods. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between the contribution of work in the post-migration adjustment process and independent variables and to analyse which of the models used for the analysis gives stronger results. In the study, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 440 individuals and it was observed that the Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression method gave stronger results according to AIC, AICc and R^2 values. In addition, the effect and significance of the relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables according to provinces and districts are visualised and given with maps.

Scale Development Study for Willingness to Obtain Legal Power

The main purpose of the research is to develop a valid and reliable scale for the perception of the desire to obtain legal authority in education administration. The sampling of the research consists of 390 education administrators and teachers with different statuses. Using the easily accessible sampling technique, the types of official primary, secondary and different high schools in the central province of Van were determined. The scale draft was applied to the education administrators and teachers determined by using the purposeful cluster sampling method. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical analysis methods. Validity analyzes and reliability analyzes of the obtained data were made. As a result of the analysis, the scale consisted of 4 factors and 32 items, and item factor loads consisted of values between “.61” and “.87”. It was determined that the resulting factors explained the perception of obtaining legal power by 77.46%. The fit index values of the scale reveals that the scale provides construct validity. While the scale's internal consistency coefficient was found to be ".95", the test-retest reliability coefficient was determined as ".92". The findings show that the developed scale can be used as a measurement tool with its validity and reliability.

Exploring the Impact of Special Learning Disability Diagnosis on Family Dynamics: A Parental Perspective

The aim of this study is to examine in-depth parental views on the effect of having a child diagnosed with a special learning disability on families. In line with the purpose of the research, phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research approaches, was used. The study group of the research consists of the parents of 12 children diagnosed with special learning disabilities, who are students in schools affiliated to the Van Province National Education Directorate in the 2022-2023 academic year. The data collection tools of the research are semi-structured interview questions with 24 questions and a demographic information form, which was created by the researcher and his advisor, taking the opinions of 3 different experts. The obtained data were converted into codes, subthemes and themes, respectively. Themes of the research; pre-diagnosis process, diagnostic process, family relations and social relations. Parents reported that there was no change in their social life after their child received this diagnosis. However, they stated that they avoided talking to people outside of their close circle about the diagnosis of special learning disabilities in their children. They said that the relations between parents were not affected by the diagnosis of special learning disability, but the relations between siblings and children with special learning difficulties were badly affected. In addition, it was stated that the child with special learning difficulties tried to stay away from academic activities and this turned into a problem between the child and their parents. It has been observed that families do not have enough information about the diagnosis of special learning disability. In this context, informative studies to be carried out in schools for parents about special learning disabilities may enable them to be noticed earlier and to better adjust their expectations for their children's performance.