Province Of Seville Research Articles

La platería barroca y rococó en la campiña sevillana

We try to present a sigh over the silverwork pieces make in the Barroc and Rococo style in the north and northeast of the province of Seville, named “Campina Sevillana”. In that paper we pay special attention to the main works that yet remain in the main cities of this area, so that Carmona, Ecija, Estepa, Marchena, Moron, Osuna y Utrera.

Líquenes de Andalucía (S de España): catálogo bibliográfico y nuevos datos del NW del área

A catalogue of 1228 taxa (1185 ascolichens, 3 basidiolichens and 40 lichenicolous fungi) found in Andalusia is afforded. The catalogue is based on bibliographic references and on MACB herbarium specimens. Of them, 11 are new records in Andalusia, 122 in Cordoba province, 1 in Granade province, 3 in Huelva province, 2 in Malaga province and 1 in Seville province. We propose the exclusion of 74 old references, because of the lack of any confirmation

Growth, phenology and fruit set of Prunus armeniaca L. (cv. Ninfa) grafted on two rootstocks in organic and conventional management

Tree growth, flowering, yield and fruit quality of Prunus armeniaca L. cv. Ninfa grafted on peach cv. Nemaguard [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and cv. Real Fino apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) as rootstocks were analysed in experimental orchard under organic and conventional management systems. The study was performed during 2012–2013 in the province of Seville (SW Spain). Cv. Nemaguard rootstock had larger cross-sectional areas of the trunk (TCSA), higher yields, began flowering earlier and lasted 2–4 days more. The organic management resulted in lower values of TCSA and yield, and flowering was delayed and shortened. Overall, cv. Nemaguard rootstock produced slightly larger fruit in size and heavier weight. In contrast, apricots from cv. Real Fino had slightly higher soluble solid concentration. Acidity and maturity index were similar, while colour and firmness showed high variability. In general, the organic system produced fruit with soluble solid concentration somewhat higher. In summary, in both types of management cv. Nemaguard worked better than cv. Real Fino in terms of tree vigour, fruit yield and bloom period.    

Comparative fruit quality parameters of ‘Ninfa’ apricot (Prunus armeniacaL.) grafted on two different rootstocks in a newly established organic orchard

The fruit quality parameters of Prunus armeniaca L. cv ‘Ninfa’ grafted on ‘Myrobalan 29C’ (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) and ‘Real Fino’ apricot seedling (Prunus armeniaca L.) were analysed in an experimental orchard under organic management. The study was performed between 2010 and 2012 in the province of Seville (SW Spain). Colour, fruit and stone weights, firmness, soluble solid concentration, and acidity were measured for fruit quality evaluation. Trunk cross-sectional area, main branches, and fruit yield were also determined. In general, ‘Myrobalan 29C’ rootstock produced fruit slightly larger in size and with a bigger weight. By contrast, apricots on ‘Myrobalan 29C’ had less firmness and a lower solid soluble concentration than on ‘Real Fino’. There was little difference in the colour, acidity, and stone dry weights. Trees on ‘Real Fino’ had larger areas of trunk and branches but no significant differences were obtained in relation to fruit yields.

Validación de un modelo pronóstico para pacientes pluripatológicos en atención primaria: Estudio PROFUND en atención primaria

Aimsto validate the PROFUND index in PP in Primary Health Care (PHC). Designtwo-year prospective multicenter study. Locationthree health care centers in Seville Province (Spain). Subjects of the assessmentPP with signed informed consent. Sample: n=446 (p=20%; α=5%; β=99%); consecutive sampling. MeasurementDependent variable: mortality (2 years). Independent variables: socio-demography, clinic, anthropometric, laboratory, pharmacologic prescriptions, functional, cognitive and socio-familiar evaluation and the use of health resources. Information sourceinterview with patients and clinical charts. Statistical Analysisuni and multivariate analysis according to the variables; Accuracy was assessed in the cohort by risk terciles calibration, and discrimination power, by ROC curves. Finally, accuracy of the index was compared with that of the Charlson index. Results446 subjects were included (53.8% men); average age was 75.44yr (Confidence interval 95% 74.58–76.31). Average of diagnostic categories was 2.37 (Confidence interval 95% 2.30–2.44). Prevalent categories were: A (64.1%), F (41.7%) and E (33.5%). Mortality within 2 years was 24.1%. Calibration in predicted/observed mortality along the three established risk strata was 16%/16.7% for PP with 0–2 points, 22%/19.5% for PP with 3–6, and 34%/36% for PP with 7 or more points (Hosmer-Lemeshow test with p=0.119). Discrimination power of PHC PROFUND's by area under the curve was (AUC) ROC was 0.622 (Confidence interval 95% 0.556–0.689; p<0.001), and that of Charlson index 0.510 (Confidence interval 95% 0.446 - 0.575; p>0.005). ConclusionsThe PROFUND index is a good indicative tool in the stratification of 2-year mortality risk polypathological patients in PHC.

First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne hispanica, Infecting Sunflower in Greece.

Severe plant stunting, chlorosis, and extensive root galling were observed on sunflower (Helianthus annus Pioneer Hi-bred PR64LE19, Dupont) in a commercial field at Agios Athanasios, Drama Province, northeastern Greece at the end of May 2013. Disease symptoms were observed about 1.5 months after planting, and were distributed in patches that covered approximately 2% of the whole cultivated area. Examination of the soil and root samples from selected infected plants revealed the presence of abundant root-knot nematodes. Juveniles, males, and females were extracted by sieving, decanting, and root dissection for identification using morphological traits. Nematode population densities ranging from 100 to 150 J2s per 100 cm3 of soil, and 150 to 3,000 eggs per g of fresh sunflower roots were observed. Identification was confirmed by perineal patterns of females and by sequencing of the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S ribosomal RNA gene (1,3,4). All identification methods were consistent with typical Meloidogyne hispanica. Morphology of perineal patterns of females and measurements of the second-stage juveniles (J2s) matched those of the original description of M. hispanica (3). Alignment indicated that the D2-D3 sequence (GenBank Accession No. KF501128) was 99% homologous to other sequences of M. hispanica deposited in GenBank from Brazil, Portugal, and Spain (EU443606, EU443608, and GQ375158, respectively), differing in only one nucleotide. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum likelihood of this sequence placed the Meloidogyne sp. in a highly supported (100%) clade that included all M. hispanica sequences available from the GenBank database (4). Root-knot nematodes in general have been reported to cause economic losses in sunflower in Europe (2), but there are no reports of M. hispanica. M. hispanica was first found in Seville Province, southern Spain, infecting rootstocks of Prunus spp. (3). Its distribution has been confirmed worldwide on different agricultural crops. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of M. hispanica infecting sunflower in Europe and the first report of this species on any crop for Greece. The identification of M. hispanica in sunflower is relevant because it may represent a threat for sunflower production in Greece. Research to develop sunflower varieties resistant to root-knot nematodes should now also consider M. hispanica along with other species of Meloidogyne.

Eficacia de las políticas institucionales de prevención del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes: la opinión de expertos y adolescentes

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to obtain the views of a sample of adolescents and experts on adolescence, family, school, local policies and media, regarding the effectiveness of institutional policies to prevent adolescent alcohol use. SettingFour educational centers in the province of Seville. Head office of the Alcohol and Society Foundation in Madrid. DesignQualitative study using the method proposed by Grounded theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). MethodologyData were collected from 10 discussion groups guided by semistructured interviews. The data were analyzed using Atlas ti 5 software. ParticipantsA total of 32 national experts and 40 adolescents of both sexes aged 15 to 20 years living in the province of Seville, selected by theoretical intentional sampling. ResultsThe experts believed that most of the evaluated preventive actions were effective, while adolescents disputed the preventive impact of most of them. Adolescents proposed actions focused on the reduction of supply of alcohol. Experts proposed a mixed model as the most effective strategy to prevent alcohol consumption in adolescents, combining supply and demand reduction policies, depending on specific short and long term objectives. ConclusionsWe have obtained, not only an overview of what is working (or not) from the view of adolescents and experts, but also the key points that should be taken into account for designing effective prevention policies.

A DEA based procedure for the selection of subgroups

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a nonparametric technique originally conceived for efficiency analysis of a set of units. The main characteristic of DEA based procedures is endogenous determination of weighting vectors, i.e., the weighting vectors are determined as variables of the model. Nevertheless, DEA’s applications have vastly exceeded its original target. In this paper, a DEA based model for the selection of a subgroup of alternatives or units is proposed. Considering a set of alternatives, the procedure seeks to determine the group that maximizes overall efficiency. The proposed model is characterized by free selection of weights and allows the inclusion of additional information, such as agent’s preferences in terms of relative importance of the variables under consideration or interactions between alternatives. The solution is achieved by computing a mixed-integer linear programming model. Finally, the proposed model is applied to plan the deployment of filling stations in the province of Seville (Spain).

Funcionamiento de las redes educativas de centros escolares: desarrollo de un trabajo colaborativo / The funcioning of schools educational networks: development of a collaborative work

In this article we explain the functioning of educational networks of schools from a perspective of collaborative work between teachers and schools. With that in mind, we provide the assessment and trajectory of such networks, as well as contributions on organizational and development improvements made by advisors from teachers centers. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured and individual questionnaires, from with a narrative and descriptive methodology based on a qualitative research approach. For the data analysis. It has been used a program called MAXQDA 10. The sample was made up of 10 advisers from the teacher centers in the province of Seville. The main results and conclusions obtained allowed us to know the implementation and development of these networks, emerged from the organization of working groups based on the needs arising in the educative practice; the education agents most commonly involved; the teamwork; the experience they have; and their resources, human and material they use. From this study, it appears that the primary goal of these movements is the exchange of pedagogic experiences and planning organization and management education models through a collaborative work.

Análisis del entorno funcional del sector empresarial en el departamento del Cesar

El entorno funcional de la empresa en el departamento del Cesar es un escenario innato para los entes que planean el futuro socioeconómico de la región. Dicho entorno está compuesto por una enorme cantidad de agentes, factores y relaciones que influyen directa o potencialmente sobre la empresa condicionando el éxito competitivo de una manera tan relevante que es una de las razones fundamentales que explica el fracaso empresarial. La actual investigación toma como base el “Entorno funcional de la Provincia en Sevilla”, donde se definen las variables y sus relaciones según la lógica del sistema completo de los determinantes de la ventaja de Michael Porter. El presente estudio busca analizar el entorno funcional de la empresa agroindustrial en el departamento del Cesar, a través de la aplicación de modelos estadísticos de correlación, permitiendo obtener una aproximación a la definición de su tipología estructural y el nivel de calidad empresarial de las mismas. Las variables seleccionadas fueron esquematizadas en la encuesta aplicada a 23 empresas agroindustriales representativas del Cesar. La investigación plantean 16 hipótesis con el fin de definir relaciones sobre: tamaño, antigüedad, calidad, innovación, relación comercial con administraciones públicas, necesidad de financiación, hostilidad del entorno, control, conciencia social empresarial, entre otras. Las relaciones se validan a través de la técnica del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y Covarianza. Los datos resultantes, son sometidos a un análisis y comparación con el proyecto de Sevilla (España). Posteriormente, se tabula la información y se establecen los perfiles empresariales del sub-sector agroindustrial en el departamento del Cesar. De los resultados obtenidos, tres (3) de las hipótesis son válidas y trece (13) se descartan, a diferencia de la investigación en Sevilla donde existen mayor relación entre las variables estudiadas (9 validas), debido a las diferencias microeconómicas, territoriales y cultura empresarial. De lo anterior, se afirma que entre las empresas estudiadas existe una gran relación entre el tamaño de las empresas con las que se coopera y la ubicación física de las empresas con las que se establece algún acuerdo de cooperación. Además, el tamaño de las empresas se relaciona significativamente con la certificación de los sistemas de calidad, es decir, las empresas con mayor tamaño son las que tienden certificar sus sistemas de gestión de la calidad. La última relación validada en las hipótesis, establece que las empresas con un control formalizado, son las que promocionan a sus directivos según su experiencia y capacitación profesional, en detrimento de la creatividad. En cuanto a la orientación al cliente, se afirma un alto potencial innovador de las empresas agroindustriales en el departamento del Cesar, pero con bajo niveles de sistemas de gestión de la calidad certificados, aunque ambas variables se enfocan a la satisfacción del cliente, los productos no sobrepasan los clientes de la región y el poder de decisión es significativamente bajo. Finalmente, se pudo determinar dos principales problemas: primeramente la materia prima, que en general, encierra aspectos de calidad, transporte y disponibilidad; en segunda instancia la Maquinaria, asociado a necesidades de nuevas piezas que en el mercado Colombiano no se producen o comercializan, además de los requerimientos de tecnología especializada.

EPA-1209 – Consumption of cigarettes and suicidal behavior. a psychological autopsy study

Introduction According to the literature, consumption of cigarettes has been related to suicidal behavior. Furthermore, evidence suggests that increased consumption of cigarettes is associated with an increased risk of suicide. Objectives . - To verify the association between the consumption of cigarettes and completed suicide. - To confirm a higher consumption of cigarettes in completed suicide versus controls. Methodology Completed old suicide and controls were recruited through the Institute of Legal Medicine of the province of Seville, Spain. After the physical autopsy was conducted, family members were asked for a posterior interview following the Psychological Autopsy methodology. Results There were 412 subjetcs collected for this study; 270 completed suicide and 142 controls. Only one third of suicides did never smoke whether almost half of controls did so (27.5% vs. 47.2%; c 2 =23.73; df:3; p Conclusions . - There are fewer subjects that have never started smoking within the suicide subjects compared to controls. - The number of cigarretes in those who smoke daily was not associated to any group. This results may be influenced by the characteristics of our control population.

Assessment Of Ancient Masonry Slender TowersUnder Seismic Loading: DynamicCharacterization Of The Cuatrovitas Tower

The Cuatrovitas tower is a XIIth century almohad minaret located in the province of Seville (Spain) and it is considered the best preserved almohad religious building in the Iberian Peninsula. As it is placed in a seismic area, it is crucial for its preservation to evaluate its dynamic response under earthquake loading and to assess the safety level in its present state of conservation. In this paper a number of three-dimensional linear and non-linear finite element models with different levels of complexity and simplifications are developed, using 3-D solid elements or 3-D beams elements. All the models assume that the masonry structure is homogeneous and the material non-linear behaviour – including crushing and cracking – is simulated by means of different constitutive models. Subsequent non-linear static and non-linear dynamic analyses are performed. Previous static and time-history dynamic analyses with a simplified elastic material model are evaluated to calibrate the non-linear response, and to take into account that crack opening may introduce numerical instabilities. Comparison among the different models is thoroughly discussed, in particular as predicted local and global collapse mechanisms are concerned, in order to evaluate the suitability, accuracy and limitations of each analysis. To conclude, a general methodology is proposed to assess safety and to improve seismic resistance of this and other similar cultural heritage buildings.

Tres generaciones de mujeres, tres generaciones de cuidados. Apuntes sobre una etnografía moral

Caregiving in families has become a topic of great interest in the context of the increasing participation of women in paid work, atributtions reduce the welfare state and the aging population in modernized societies. This article presents some reflections on an ethnographic research conducted in the province of Seville (Spain), in which we study how interact different dimensions (material, moral and emotional) operating in the intergenerational transmission of knowledge and skills about care provided in familiar environments.

Comparative tree growth, phenology and fruit yield of several Japanese plum cultivars in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

The growth, phenology and fruit yield of 14 Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina Lindl) were studied in two newly established experimental orchards under organic and conventional management. The experiment was conducted during 2005-2011 in the province of Seville (SW Spain), an important region of Japanese plum culture. Trunk cross-section areas (TCSA), flowering, yield and tree defoliation before winter dormancy were analysed over several years. After one year, TCSA were larger in the organically managed orchard (OMO) for most of the cultivars, in the next two years they were equal, and from the fourth year, several cultivars showed significantly larger TCSA in the conventionally managed orchard (CMO). Flowering in the conventional orchard started from 2 to 6 days before and lasted for 3 to 5 days more than in the OMO. Several cultivars produced significantly more fruit in the CMO, being the average fruit yield in the organic orchard about 72% of the conventionally managed orchard. Autumn defoliation was significantly advanced in the organic orchard, especially in cultivars highly susceptible to rust (Tranzschelia pruni spinosae), a disease not adequately controlled in the organic orchard.

Spanish Adaptation of the Scale of Psychological Empowerment in the Workplace

The objective of this study is to adapt and translate into Spanish Spreitzer's Psychological Empowerment Scale (1995a). A process of translation and reverse-translation was applied to the scale's items, whose psychometric properties were then examined using a sample of 272 professional nurses at public hospitals in the province of Seville. The data were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. The significance of the factor loadings demonstrated the need to create a new model eliminating one item. The 11-item model was shown to possess adequate construct validity and internal consistency. The results confirm the original, four-factor structure obtained by Spreitzer, with the exception of item 10, and support the utilization of the Spanish version of this scale in the workplace. Future research should more extensively investigate its construct validity, and test the nomological network of the operationalized construct within the field of psychological well-being and in the context of the workplace.

Suicidio en menores de 26 años en Sevilla

The overall suicide rate has increased significantly in recent decades, not only in developed countries but also worldwide. It is important to underline the prevalence of suicide among young people 15 to 25 years old, a population in which suicide is the second leading cause of death after traffic accidents. This paper provides a descriptive epidemiological study of confirmed suicides in people less than 26 years of age, which occurred in the province of Seville during the period 2007-2010. The factors associated with suicidal behaviour are presented and compared with those published in the scientific literature on the subject. The average global rate of suicide was 1.38±0.1 cases/100.000 inhabitants with a male/female ratio of 3:1. The overall mean age was of 20.9±3.1 years (21±3 years in men and 20±4 years in women). Twenty-two per cent of suicides occurred in the capital compared to 78% in the rest of the province. Hanging was the most widely used method in both men (71%) and women (62%), followed by jumping from height. The most common location to commit suicide in both sexes was at home (72%). In 44% of cases there was a history of psychiatric illness with being depressive disorder the most frequent (50%), followed by paranoid schizophrenia (14%). Toxicological analysis was positive in 47% cases, with ethanol the most frequently detected chemical (80%), either alone or in combination with other toxics.

AS07-01 - Completed suicide vs suicide atempt: similarities and differences ?

In Spain, suicide has become the leading cause of violent death, ahead of traffic accidents. Prevention programs are based on risk factors of suicidal behavior, which are mainly drawn from studies of suicide attempts and to a lesser extent, from studies of completed suicide. Our main objectives were to determine if difference exists between suicide completion and suicide attempt populations with regards to sociodemographic and clinical factors, life events, impulsivity and suicide intent. We recruited completed suicides in the province of Seville and the recruitment of suicide attempters in two university hospitals in Madrid. In the first group, data were collected through close relatives, while the latter group were interviewed within 24 hours after the suicide attempt. There were a higher proportion of males among the completed suicide compared to suicide attempter group. Suicide completers were also older, showed a lower impulsive trait and state, and had more suicide intent than attempters. Clinically, suicide completers had a higher prevalence of schizophrenia but a lower proportion of anxiety disorders than attempters. In Axis II, completers had a lower prevalence of Cluster A and Cluster C personality disorders. However, suicide completers were more likely to have a diagnosis of Narcissistic personality disorder compared to attempters. Family history of completed suicide was more frequent among suicide completers than among attempters. There are significant differences with regards to demographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics, and life events between suicide completers and suicide attempters. They seem to be two distinct populations.

Comparative fruit quality parameters of several Japanese plum varieties in two newly established orchards, organic and conventionally managed

SummaryThe fruit quality parameters of several Japanese plum cultivars (Prunus salicina Lindl) were studied in two experimental orchards under organic and conventional management. The study was performed during 2008–2010 in the province of Seville (SW Spain). Colour, weight, size, firmness, soluble solid concentration and acidity were measured for fruit quality evaluation. Yield was also determined. In general, the organic fruit was of smaller size and weight. There was little difference in the colour of most of the varieties, but some varieties such as ‘Friar’ and ‘Black Amber’ were more colourful in the organic orchard. The soluble solid concentration and acidity were similar in the fruit from both orchards. The organic plums showed firmness equal to or slightly greater than conventional ones. Dry matter and nitrites were analysed in 2010, and no significant differences were observed in most of the varieties. The accumulated fruit yield was significantly superior in the conventionally managed orchard.

Analysis of innovation in SMEs using an innovative capability-based non-linear model: A study in the province of Seville (Spain)

This article analyzes organizational characteristics associated with innovative outcomes of SMEs in local economies with a low level of technological and R&D activities, where the indicators generally used to gauge technological innovation do not offer sufficient data. For the study of innovation in such economies, we propose a conceptual model based on innovative capability which also includes explanatory variables of environment and other contextual factors of the firms. Through a process of filtering spurious variables and incorporating quadratic components, we have varied the original linear structure to form a quadratic model with greater explanatory capacity and better results. The resulting quadratic model has undergone various contrasts of hypotheses, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the model as a whole and of its basic components, as well as the importance of the main explanatory variables. Finally, the model has also proven to be valid in all sectors.

Application of groundwater sustainability indicators to the carbonate aquifer of the Sierra de Becerrero (Southern Spain)

The objective of this study was to test the applicability of groundwater sustainability indicators defined by UNESCO, together with the International Academy of Environmental Sciences (IAES), the International Association of Hydrogeology (IAH) Group on Groundwater Indicators and the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), to the aquifer scale. We selected four main indicators based on their relevance in the field of groundwater sustainability and because they proved to be the most reliable, based on the data collection and methodology utilized. These indicators were applied to a small—26 km2 of permeable outcrops—carbonate aquifer situated in the province of Seville (southern Spain), which has semi-arid climate conditions (500 mm/year). The integral application of all these indicators in this particular groundwater body leads us to conclude that, at present, the aquifer is undergoing intensive use. Therefore, the exploitation of its water resources is surpassing the threshold of sustainability when both the quantity and the quality of the groundwater are taken into consideration. The continued increase in exploitation generates a descending trend in the evolution of the piezometric levels, a consequence of adaptation to the new hydrodynamic situation, and also results in exhaustion of the springs that drain the aquifer in undisturbed conditions. At the same time, there is a trend of increasing salinity in the groundwater and a risk of contamination by nitrate which, according to the EU Water Framework Directive and the Groundwater Daughter Directive (EU Official Journal of the European Communities L327, 2000; EU Official Journal of the European Communities L372/19, 2006), should be controlled and reduced. In the future, application of the methodology described here may prove useful for the evaluation of similar systems, either in southern Spain or in other countries with semi-arid climates.