Prototype Design Research Articles

Systematic Development of an AI Chatbot for Physical Activity Habit Formation in Prehypertension Individual Integrating Needs, Theories, and Evidence.

Prehypertension, an early stage in the development of hypertension, impacts a substantial segment of the adult population worldwide. Addressing this issue, our study introduces HabitBot, an AI-driven chatbot tailored to encourage physical activity (PA) habits among individuals with prehypertension. HabitBot combines natural language processing with multidisciplinary approaches, drawing from both theoretical frameworks and empirical studies. The chatbot development followed a systematic, five-phase process: comprehensive needs assessment, literature review on behavior change theories, analysis for selecting effective behavior change techniques (BCTs), prototype design through intervention mapping, and refining the intervention based on user feedback. The outcome includes a prototype that integrates the Health Action Process Approach and Habit Formation Theory, utilizing twelve identified BCTs effective in fostering PA habits. User feedback further refined the chatbot across multiple dimensions such as user interface, content accessibility, and privacy. HabitBot exemplifies an innovative integration of behavior change strategies with advanced language model technology, paving the way for digital health interventions in chronic disease prevention. Future studies should assess its long-term efficacy in habit formation and explore its applicability to various demographic groups.

Design, modelling and evaluation of a variable inertance bypass fluid inerter

The inerter emerged as a mechanical analogy to the electrical capacitor, completing the force-current analogy. It operates as a one-port, two terminal device, where the equal and opposite forces at its terminals correlate with the relative acceleration between them. This relationship is governed by ‘inertance’, a quantity that bears the unit of mass, allowing inerters to exert inertial forces. Inerters have gained considerable traction, particularly in vibration control applications. Derived from their passive counterparts, variable inertance inerters enable active control of their inertance through integrated control mechanisms. This work presents the design, modelling and evaluation of a variable inertance inerter prototype dubbed the ‘Variable Inertance Bypass Fluid Inerter’ (VIBFI). An experimental prototype of the concept was designed, constructed and tested. Simultaneously, an effort to develop and validate a mathematical model of the VIBFI is thoroughly documented. Experimental results demonstrate the controllability of performance parameters of the device, including inertance and damping coefficients, through modulating the flow restriction of the bypass channel. The mathematical models derived for the device can serve as an estimate for its performance parameters, though further refinement is required.

Innovative Design and Fabrication of a Solar-Powered Boat Prototype Using 3D Printing Technology: Improving Sustainable Marine Transportation

Innovative Design and Fabrication of a Solar-Powered Boat Prototype Using 3D Printing Technology: Improving Sustainable Marine Transportation

Multidisciplinary design and manufacturing of a Tesla pump prototype

To widen the range of hydraulic efficiencies of boundary layer pumps, a full design methodology has been proposed in order to identify critical issues for their performance and manufacturing. The methodology integrated a 2D numerical code, CFD and FEM analyses, coupled with manufacturing assessments as feedback mechanism. Considering budget constraints and in-house machining capabilities, a quick first prototype was produced. Analyses of the design are pointing out that the volute design initially chosen will not help to achieve an increase in the overall efficiency. The curves of head achieved with 2D and CFD are in agreement, but the latter determines the losses with larger accuracy, thus achieving lower values of head. The 2D model shows limits in the determination of the efficiency, effectively corrected by the CFD analysis. Critical parameters as disc thickness and gap between discs will require a more sophisticated assembly process and materials outsource. The proposed methodology could be used as a reference for the design and performance evaluation of this kind of turbomachinery in the future. The procedure lead to a prototype design, whose optimal efficiency slightly lower than 30 % was achieved at 5000 rpm with 0.3 mm disks gap.

A New Automatic Process Based on Generative Design for CAD Modeling and Manufacturing of Customized Orthosis

As is widely recognized, advancements in new design and rapid prototyping techniques such as CAD modeling and 3D printing are pioneering individualized medicine, facilitating the implementation of new methodologies for creating customized orthoses. The aim of this paper is to develop a new automatic technique for producing personalized orthoses in a straightforward manner, eliminating the necessity for doctors to collaborate directly with technicians. A novel design method for creating customized wrist orthoses has been implemented, notably featuring a generative algorithm for the parametric modeling of the orthosis. To assess the efficacy of the developed algorithm, a case study was conducted involving the design and rapid prototyping of a wrist orthosis using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology. Subsequently, the developed algorithm was tested by clinicians and patients. The results obtained indicate that the implemented algorithm is user-friendly and could potentially enable non-expert users to design customized orthoses. These results introduce innovative elements of originality within the CAD modeling, offering promising solutions to the challenges associated with the design and production of customized orthoses. Future developments could consist of a better investigation regarding the parameters that influence the accuracy of the scanning and of the printing processes.

BUNNY CODE: INTERACTIVE EDUCATIONAL CODING GAMES FOR KIDS

This paper presents the analysis and design of a prototype system aimed at making coding engaging for individuals of all ages, from primary school students to seasoned learners familiar with the basics of programming. The primary objective is to enhance the accessibility and appeal of coding education across different age groups. The study begins by providing an overview of the Bunny Code project, outlining its scope and objectives. It describes the methodology employed, including the system architecture design, use case diagram, use case narratives, activity diagram, sequence diagram, and the prototype design. The comprehensive analysis and design process are detailed to provide insights into the development of an interactive coding learning platform. In addition to the technical aspects, this paper discusses the results of an online survey conducted to gather perspectives from the target user demographic. By incorporating user feedback into the design process, the study aims to ensure that the prototype system meets the needs and expectations of its intended audience. Ultimately, this research contributes to the field of educational technology by proposing innovative approaches to make coding accessible and engaging for learners of varying age groups. The findings and methodologies outlined in this paper serve as a foundation for the development of interactive and inclusive coding education tools, such as the Bunny Code platform.

Prototype Design Remote Smart Car 4WD Robot Car with Additional Power Photovoltaic Source Integrated Arduino

The problem addressed in this research is designing an Electric Car Prototype, a technology design using Arduino Uno, L298N Driver Module, and HC-06 Bluetooth sensor which is controlled automatically using an application. The method used is a hybrid PLTS (Solar Power Plant) system based on Arduino Uno. This prototype combines electrical energy from batteries with solar energy produced by solar panels, and the main controller is Arduino Uno. Tests were carried out to evaluate the performance and efficiency of this electric car. The results of solar panel experiments in designing electric car prototypes, testing will be carried out on the efficiency of solar panels on the power produced. The following is the data from the experimental results measured through the following table 2 experiments. solar panels were installed on the roof or other parts exposed to sunlight on a prototype electric car. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic solar cells which are capable of converting solar energy into electrical energy. When sunlight falls on a solar panel, the solar cell produces an electric current. The electric current generated from the solar cell is then channeled to the charging module to charge the battery. The battery charging module regulates the voltage and electric current according to battery charging needs. This is important so that the battery does not receive too much or too little power during the charging process. After passing through the battery charging module, the electrical energy from the solar panels is used to charge the electric car battery. Electric car batteries function as energy storage which is used to control the engine and other electronic systems in the car. Obtained were the development of an environmentally friendly and sustainable electric vehicle.

A Mobile Application to Reduce Death Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Design of a High-fidelity Prototype

A Mobile Application to Reduce Death Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Design of a High-fidelity Prototype

Pengembangan Pembelajaran Ekonomi Berbasis Nilai Pancasila dan Nilai Budaya Lokal

The design of economic learning based on pancasila values and local cultural values to improve students’ knowledge, attitudes and economic behavior is the objective in this study. This type of research uses design-based research (DBR), through cooperative learning with the type of student teams achievement division (STAD). The collection of research data was carried out by essay tests, questionnaires and interviews with high school students as respondents. Feasibility testing of product design is validated by experts from State University of Malang, Indonesia including: learning design experts, economic materials, local culture and practitioners. Based on the analysis of factual models, it was found that current economic learning practices have not improved students’ knowledge, attitudes and behavior. The results of validation and testing of learning design prototypes are declared very useful and feasible to be implemented in economic learning in high schools. The results of the study show that economic learning design based on Pancasila values and local cultural values can improve knowledge, attitudes and economic behavior based on the nation’s ideology. This study can contribute to educational institutions in developing economic learning programs based on the nation’s ideology.

A Preliminary Study of 3D Printing Home Designs for Improving Efficiency and Sustainability of Indigenous Housing in Canada

Canada has been experiencing a significant housing crisis in recent years, especially in remote and Indigenous communities, yet most of the existing construction approaches have not been rapid, sustainable, and affordable enough to meet community needs. To address this challenge, this study explores the feasibility of 3D printed (3DP) housing and develops a design that is informed by Indigenous housing requirements and is realized through a physical design prototype tailored for the implementation of 3DP homes. Site visits and community engagement were integral parts of the research to help deliver invaluable insights that guided the design process, ensuring cultural sensitivity and inclusivity. The prototyped 3DP design offers efficient and sustainable solutions customized to the unique cultural and climatic needs of Indigenous communities in Canada. The final 3DP design seamlessly integrates traditional Indigenous architectural elements, such as a circular shape inspired by pit houses, with modern construction techniques, yielding a flexible, sustainable, and culturally pertinent home design. Future research work will be focused on how the proposed 3DP design can be adapted to enable mass customization to accommodate the diverse needs and preferences of Indigenous communities across Canada.

Network-integrated medical chatbot for enhanced healthcare services

Technology has a significant role in improving medical care, such as enhancing communication between patients and healthcare virtual assistants. By including artificial intelligence and natural language processing (NLP), the main aim of this research paper is to design a medical chatbot framework, and application design prototype, and use the Dialog Flow tool to build an auto-response system known as a chatbot. The goal is to provide medical services and meet patients' needs. It will communicate with the user in the language they follow. With the help of keywords such as symptoms entered by the patients, it will help to identify the disease. Moreover, the application provides the patients with the ability to record their medicine to remind them to take it. Additionally, it will make it easier for patients to learn more about their disease and motivate them to take the necessary precautions to stay healthy.

Design and Optimization of an Electric Go-Kart

This research paper contains an in-depth study of the design and optimization processes for an electric go-kart prototype focused on at addressing the demand for sustainable transportation alternatives. The essential target of the undertaking is to design a protected and useful go-kart with an inflexible casing and very much-mounted powertrain while complying with contest rules. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the group means comprehending the complexities of vehicle design and creating a model reasonable for customer deals. Key center regions incorporate upgrading driver solace and security, expanding vehicle execution, and advancing mobility. The paper subtleties the design methodology, division into sub-groups, and joining of trend-setting innovations like Brushless DC (BLDC) motors, motor controllers, and battery. Also, it talks about the difficulties faced during the venture, including overheating the motor regulator, and proposes solutions to defeat these difficulties. The exploration also features electric vehicles' meaning in moderating environmental change and accomplishing energy autonomy, highlighting the desperation of progressing to reasonable transportation options. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v45.i03.7472

Research on the Architectural Design and Performance Optimization of Large Scale Real-Time Chat Systems

With the rapid development of internet technology, large-scale real-time chat systems have become an essential tool for connecting users worldwide. These systems not only support the core functions of social communication but also serve as key platforms for business, education, and remote collaboration. However, the surge in user numbers and the explosive growth in message volume pose unprecedented technical challenges to real-time chat systems, including high concurrency processing, low latency communication, data consistency assurance, and system scalability. This study aims to explore and implement an efficient, stable, and scalable architecture for large-scale real-time chat systems and propose corresponding performance optimization strategies. The research employs literature review, system analysis, prototype design, and performance evaluation methods. It first analyzes the design limitations and performance bottlenecks of existing real-time chat systems. Based on this analysis, a microservices-based system design scheme is proposed, which enhances system performance and reliability through componentized services, message queues, load balancing, and caching mechanisms. In terms of performance optimization, this paper focuses on key technologies such as load balancing algorithms, asynchronous processing mechanisms of message queues, caching strategies, and data storage optimization. Experimental evaluations have confirmed the significant effects of the proposed scheme in handling high-concurrency requests, reducing system latency, and improving data throughput.

Characterization of the BOLDPET optical prototype, an innovative Cherenkov detector for 511 keV γ radiation

In the present work we describe the design, construction, and testing of the optical prototype developed for the BOLDPET project, with the objective of creating a PET detection module with high spatial and time resolution. The BOLDPET technology uses an innovative detection liquid, trimethylbismuth, for detecting 511 keV γ-quanta resulting from positron annihilation. The optical signal is exclusively produced through the Cherenkov mechanism, and the produced photons are detected using Planacon microchannel-plate photomultiplier. We achieve an excellent time resolution of 150 ps (FWHM) within a sizable detection volume measuring 55 mm× 55 mm× 25 mm. Through detailed Geant4 simulations, we examine the limiting factors affecting time resolution and explore potential avenues for improvement. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of coarse 2D localization of interactions using the optical signal alone, achieving a precision of about 5–8 mm (FWHM) within the homogeneous detection volume.

WITHDRAWN: Semi-kinematic coupling design and analysis for Giant Steerable Science Mirror prototype of Thirty Meter Telescope

The Giant Steerable Science Mirror prototype is being developed to assess the tertiary mirror system of the Thirty Meter Telescope. In this study, a new semi-kinematic coupling design is proposed for the prototype, based on three pairs of V-grooves and canoe-like components, to allow for high repeatability accuracy under heavy loads. A mathematical model was constructed to estimate the repeatability accuracy using the corresponding measurement results and machining errors. The proposed design was verified by an experiment, and the results were consistent with the mathematical model. Furthermore, the results indicate that the repeatability of the semi-kinematic coupling is sufficient for the requirement.

Dimethyl sulfoxide mediated high-fidelity 3D printing of hydrogels

Owing to flexible structural design and rapid prototyping manufacturing, 3D printable hydrogels with solid-like and fluid-like characters have emerged as a promising candidate for biomedical engineering, soft robotics, and flexible electronics. However, existing 3D printing of hydrogel place substantial constraints on hydrogel high-fidelity of the printed hydrogel complex structures due to the shape deformation and collapse caused by water evaporation. Herein, we propose a mixed solvent printing strategy followed with water dialysis to achieve vat photopolymerization 3D printing of high-fidelity hydrogel structure by restraining water evaporation. Concretely, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is introduced into the hydrogel ink as co-solvent to improve the anti-dehydration performance during 3D printing. The as-prepared gels are then transformed into hydrogels with good fidelity and excellent performance through solvent exchange and water dialysis. Enabled by these characteristics, various functional devices with complex structures are demonstrated with the present high-fidelity 3D printing of diverse hydrogels. The solvent assisted high-fidelity hydrogel 3D printing protocol combining with the compatibility to various high-performance hydrogels is believed to be promising for wearable devices, wound dressings, electronic skin, and intelligent robots.

MOBILE-BASED APPLICATION PROTOTYPE DESIGN USING DESIGN THINKING METHOD (CASE STUDY OF POLSUB ACADEMIC SERVICES)

The use of mobile-based technology today is widely used in the campus environment. Academic services are one of the services available at the Subang State Polytechnic. In it there is a process of checking the authenticity of diplomas, legalization, active lecture certificates, research permits, PKL cover letters, and college dispensation letters. The mobile-based academic service system is very important and needed to provide services that facilitate students and alumni in the campus environment because the use of mobile devices itself has become commonplace in everyday life. The purpose of this study is to design a prototype of a mobile-based application for academic services. This research uses the design thinking method which is generally used to build protoyping. This method is used to ensure the designed application meets the needs of the user and provides a better experience. Case studies are conducted in the academic services department of Subang State Polytechnic to understand existing problems and create innovative solutions. It is expected that the results of this prototype design can be applied in the future in building mobile-based applications for academic services. From the results of the entire prototype design process, it can be concluded that the prototype design of mobile-based applications can provide an overview of the academic service system at the Subang State Polytechnic.

Implementasi Re-design Application Mobile MRT Jakarta Menggunakan Metode User Centered Design

MRT Mobile Application is used to access information easily and quickly for MRT users, such as schedule information, routes, stations, fares, and other additional services. Based on observations and questionnaires regarding the MRT mobile application, users often experience difficulties or obstacles in interacting with the application interface. Starting with a complex interface, confusing navigation of features to difficulty finding the information you need quickly. This affects the use of the application and reduces the level of user satisfaction. Based on these conditions, it is necessary to redesign the user interface of this application to make it easier to use. This research uses User Centered Design (UCD) method with four phases, which is Understand Context of Use, Specify User Requirements, Design Solution, and Evaluation Against Requirements in analyzing the UI/UX design process of the MRT mobile application. In the design stage, UCD principles are used to integrate insights from user data into UI/UX design process based on results of questionnaire analysis. The final result of this research is a prototype design and user interface design for the MRT mobile application that meets the expectations of application users.

Research on cycling power estimation and prototype of a GPS bike computer based on system-on-chip platform

A GPS (Global Positioning System) bike computer is a specialized electronic device that allows for recording the traveled trajectory and training parameters of cycling activities. Current GPS bike computer devices on the market often do not provide cycling power parameter to support the riders. This paper presents a method to efficiently estimate cycling power based on the ground speed and altitude variation of the bike. The suggested method can be applied in the design and implementation of bike computers on embedded systems. The paper also presents the design and implementation of a GPS bike computer prototype based on a System-on-Chip platform.

Application of Design Thinking in Building a Product Design Study Program Profile Website Using Content Management Site Wordpress

ISI Padang Panjang product design study program still has many obstacles, one of which is that the community, prospective students, students and lecturers are still difficult to find real-time study program information and are still difficult to promote. Therefore, in order to keep up with technological developments, this study program is motivated to build a product design study program profile website by applying the design thinking method using CMS (Content Management Site) WordPress. The design thinking method is appropriate in this research because it is considered effective in overcoming challenges or problems and creating solutions based on user needs. Through the five stages of design thinking, namely, empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and testing, it can provide convenience for researchers in searching for data, analyzing and identifying a problem, validating the idea of building a product design study program website to make it easier for users to access information on study programs, lectures, lecturers, activities and products produced by students. This can be seen from user feedback conducted at the testing stage regarding the appearance of the website with good results by the wishes and needs of the Product Design study program.