Protective Screen Research Articles

Protective factor screening for prevention practice: Sensitivity and specificity of the DESSA-Mini.

The Devereux Student Strengths Assessment Mini (DESSA-Mini; Naglieri, LeBuffe, & Shapiro, 2011/2014) was designed to overcome practical obstacles to universal prevention screening. This article seeks to determine whether an entirely strength-based, 8-item screening instrument achieves technical accuracy in routine practice. Data come from a district-wide implementation of a new social emotional learning (SEL) initiative designed to promote students' social-emotional competence. All students, kindergarten through Grade 8, were screened using the DESSA-Mini. A random 5 students per classroom received additional assessment. Concurrent and predictive criterion studies were conducted using the full DESSA as well as administrative records of serious disciplinary infraction. The DESSA-Mini showed excellent internal reliability, exceeding .90. Negligible to small differences were found between scores on the DESSA-Mini screen and the DESSA full assessment. Classification consistency between the DESSA-Mini and the DESSA was high (87%-94%) in routine practice, with sensitivity and specificity estimates exceeding Glascoe's (2005) standards. Finally, predictive validity of the DESSA-Mini was reliable; students screened as having a Need for SEL Instruction at the beginning of the year were 4.5 times more likely to have a record of serious disciplinary infraction at the end of the school year compared with those who were not identified (p < .001). These findings compare quite favorably with other instruments used in schools to screen entire student populations, in cases where such analyses have been conducted, and is consistent with a practice preference of identifying, but not overidentifying, students for accelerated preventative interventions for mental, emotional, and behavioral problems. (PsycINFO Database Record

Modes and Experience of Green Mine Construction in Yunnan, China: Case Studies

Yunnan is one of most important provinces with mineral resources and exploration in China. Meanwhile, Yunnan is Chinese ecological protective screen and try to be Pacesetter of ecological civilization. However, mining industry always disturbs ecological environment seriously. So green mine construction is inevitable and the best choice for Yunnan. In this paper, achievement of green mine construction in Yunnan was summarized. Then the paper takes two mines from Dahongshan and 4 mines from Yunnan Phosphate Chemical Group Co., Ltd (YPC for short) as case studies. Technological innovation in Dahongshan Fe Mine and Dahongshan Cu Mine guarantees their success of green mine construction. Land rehabilitation and harmonious community are highlights of 4 mines from YPC. These modes and experience could be referential to construct green mine.

Protective Measures When Cleaning Bed of Shershnevsky Reservoir of Ground Deposits in Operating Conditions of Water Intaking Constructions

The article sets the objective to develop protective measures when cleaning the bed of the Shershnevsky reservoir of ground deposits using a dredger in the operating conditions of water intaking constructions. As protective measures the authors considered the application of polymer screens made of Dornit geofabric to clean ground deposits using a dredger which allows one not to violate the existing process conditions of the water intaking constructions at the reservoir. The authors developed a structure of a protective polymer screen and the scheme to apply the screen for the conditions of cleaning the bed of the Shershnevsky reservoir of ground deposits using a dredger. The installation of the polymer screens prevents the distribution of turbid suspended solids along the water area of the water body in the course of cleaning. The protective screen to prevent turbid substances in the course of bed cleaning allows blocking the enclosed space from the water surface to the bottom of the water body. It ensures the excavation of ground deposits in a cycle closed from the external water environment with the exclusion of sediment spreading and damage to the water body’s ichthyofauna.

Investigation of the efficiency of a noise protection screen with an opening at its base

We stated and solved the problem on calculating a sound field around the noise protection screen with a slit at its base, through which noise penetrates. When solving this problem, we also took into consideration the presence of an acoustically rigid road surface in front of the screen and behind it. Such a statement of the problem makes it possible to assess effectiveness of the noise protection screens constructed not only on the horizontal sections of the terrain, but at higher elevations or on bridges. The proposed method implies splitting a field around the screen into canonical regions containing a solution to the wave equation. Then these regions are sewn by the values of velocity potential and its first derivative. Such an approach allows us to solve a problem on finding sound fields with a rather complex geometry. An analysis of the results showed the existence of a maximum in the efficiency of the screen, as well as allowed us to determine effect of the size of the opening in the screen on the reduction of noise behind the screen. At the width of the opening of up to 0.2 m, efficiency of the screen at a distance 30 m and further is reduced by no more than 0.5 dB. The given screen model could be applied to estimate effectiveness of the screen with finite soundproofing or to analyze noise reduction of the screens available in Ukraine.

ACTUAL DESIGN MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF PROTECTIVE SCREEN OVER THE ACTIONS OF SUBWAY LINES

It is given calculation model development results of protective shield overexisting tunnels of subway in influence zone of transport interchange construction in the city of Minsk. The analysis of modeling problems of the system «construction - soil massif» is performed. It is proposed the approach to development of an adequate design model for complex engineering-geological conditions. An adequate calculation model of the transport interchange site was developed. The applying modern methods results of calculating the system «construction – soil massif» are given. The stress-strain state nature of the tunnel structures at all stages of the transport interchange construction is analyzed. The results of the calculation are compared with the data obtained during testing of the protective screen in full-scale conditions. The special practical significance of using such calculation methods at the design and construction stage of transport facilities is noted.

Dust prevention in bulk material transportation and handling

The environmental problem of territory and atmosphere pollution caused by transportation and handling of dust-generating bulk cargo materials is quite common for the whole world. The reducing of weight of fine class coal caused by air blowing reaches the level of 0.5–0.6 t per railcar over the 500 km transportation distance, which is equal to the loss of 1 % of the total weight. The studies showed that all over the country in the process of the railroad transportation, the industry loses 3–5 metric tonnes of coal annually. There are several common tactical measurers to prevent dust formation: treating the dust-producing materials at dispatch point with special liquid solutions; watering the stacks and open handling points of materials; frequent dust removing and working area cleaning. Recently there appeared several new radical measures for pollution prevention in export of ore and coal materials via sea port terminals, specifically: wind-dust protection screens, the container cargo handling system of delivery materials to the hold of the vessels. The article focuses on the discussion of these measures.

Protected Fresh Grapefruit Cultivation Systems: Antipsyllid Screen Effects on Environmental Variables inside Enclosures

Huanglongbing (HLB) disease is a threat to most citrus (Citrus sp.) producing areas and is associated with the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. The disease is transmitted by the vector asian citrus psyllid [ACP (Diaphoria citri)]. Antipsyllid screen houses can potentially reduce and eliminate HLB development in young citrus plantings by excluding the insect vector. These structures are also anticipated to represent a new environmental platform to cultivate high-valued fresh citrus. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of screen houses on excluding infective ACP from inoculating grapefruit (Citrus ×paradisi) trees and determine changes on environmental conditions caused by the screen cloth. We tested two coverings [enclosed screen house and open-air (control)] and two planting systems (in-ground and container-grown), with four replications arranged in a split-plot experimental design. Psyllid counting and HLB diagnosis were performed monthly, and the antipsyllid screen excluded the HLB vector from the houses. ACP and HLB-positive trees were found only at the open-air plots. Weather monitoring was performed every 30 minutes from 22 Feb. to 31 July 2014. Solar radiation accumulation averaged 6.7 W·m−2·minute−1 inside the screen houses and 8.6 W·m−2·minute−1 in the open-air. Air temperature was greater inside the screen houses whereas wind gusts were higher in the open-air. Reference evapotranspiration accumulation averaged 3.2 mm·day−1 inside the screen houses and 4.2 mm·day−1 in the open-air. There was no difference in cumulative rainfall between screen houses and open-air. The antipsyllid screen houses reduced solar radiation, maximum wind gust, and reference evapotranspiration (ETo). The environmental conditions inside the protective screen houses are suitable for grapefruit production.

Citrus Under Protective Screen (CUPS) production systems

An overview of a new citrus production system targeting HLB-free, premium quality fruit for the fresh market is provided.

Factors influencing the efficacy of insect-proof screens

The use of insect-proof screens as a method of control is widespread. These agrotextiles act as physical barriers preventing the contact between insects and plants. Their effectiveness as a method of crop protection has been sufficiently demonstrated. The use of insect-proof screens reduces pest populations, decreases the incidence of insect-transmitted diseases and as a result it reduces the need to apply pesticides. There is a wide variety of screens with different properties on the market. Some of these agrotextiles are known commercially like anti-aphids or anti-thrips screens although their efficacy is not proven. During the last decades different studies have evaluated the efficacy of insect exclusion screens both under laboratory and in field conditions against various pests. The results of these works offer constant values that represent the relationship between insects and fabrics. However, that relationship is not a constant and depends on other variables in addition to the properties of the textile and the characteristics of the insect. The velocity and air temperature also influence the relationship between screen and insect and modify the exclusion capacity of the protection screens. To take into account these variables, we have built a device to evaluate the effectiveness of the screens under laboratory conditions. With this device we can measure the capacity of exclusion of the screens at different air velocities and we can interpret the data according to the measured temperature values. The results show that the efficacy of the screens varies when the conditions change and, in general, the exclusion percentage of the screens decreases when air velocity increases. The temperature is also an influential variable on the efficacy of these textiles and it has been observed that if the temperature decreases the effectiveness of the screens increases due to the lower activity of insects.

Discovery of Ultra-Crack-Resistant Oxide Glasses with Adaptive Networks

Despite their transformative role in our society, oxide glasses remain brittle. Although extrinsic postprocessing techniques can partially mitigate this drawback, they come with undesirable side effects. Alternatively, topological engineering offers an attractive option to enhance the intrinsic strength and damage resistance of glass. On the basis of this approach, we report here the discovery of a novel melt-quenched lithium aluminoborate glass featuring the highest crack resistance ever reported for a bulk oxide glass. Relying on combined mechanical and structural characterizations, we demonstrate that this unusual damage resistance originates from a significant self-adaptivity of the local atomic topology under stress, which, based on a selection of various oxide glasses, is shown to control crack resistance. This renders the lithium aluminoborate glass a promising candidate for engineering applications, such as ultrathin, yet ultrastrong, protective screens.

Melanoma: a global perspective

Most of our current knowledge of melanoma is derived from the study of patients from populations of European descent, for whom public health, sun protection initiatives and screening measures have appreciably decreased disease mortality. Notably, some melanoma subtypes that most commonly develop in other populations are not associated with exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, suggesting a different disease aetiology. Further study of these subtypes is necessary to understand their risk factors and genomic architecture, and to tailor therapies and public health campaigns to benefit patients of all ethnic groups.

Implementing an Internet-Delivered Skin Cancer Genetic Testing Intervention to Improve Sun Protection Behavior in a Diverse Population: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundLimited translational genomic research currently exists to guide the availability, comprehension, and appropriate use of personalized genomics in diverse general population subgroups. Melanoma skin cancers are preventable, curable, common in the general population, and disproportionately increasing in Hispanics.ObjectiveVariants in the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene are present in approximately 50% of the population, are major factors in determining sun sensitivity, and confer a 2-to-3-fold increase in melanoma risk in the general population, even in populations with darker skin. Therefore, feedback regarding MC1R risk status may raise risk awareness and protective behavior in the general population.MethodsWe are conducting a randomized controlled trial examining Internet presentation of the risks and benefits of personalized genomic testing for MC1R gene variants that are associated with increased melanoma risk. We will enroll a total of 885 participants (462 participants are currently enrolled), who will be randomized 6:1 to personalized genomic testing for melanoma risk versus waiting list control. Control participants will be offered testing after outcome assessments. Participants will be balanced across self-reported Hispanic versus non-Hispanic ethnicity (n=750 in personalized genomic testing for melanoma risk arm; n=135 in control arm), and will be recruited from a general population cohort in Albuquerque, New Mexico, which is subject to year-round sun exposure. Baseline surveys will be completed in-person with study staff and follow-up measures will be completed via telephone.ResultsAim 1 of the trial will examine the personal utility of personalized genomic testing for melanoma risk in terms of short-term (3-month) sun protection and skin screening behaviors, family and physician communication, and melanoma threat and control beliefs (ie, putative mediators of behavior change). We will also examine potential unintended consequences of testing among those who receive average-risk personalized genomic testing for melanoma risk findings, and examine predictors of sun protection at 3 months as the outcome. These findings will be used to develop messages for groups that receive average-risk feedback. Aim 2 will compare rates of test consideration in Hispanics versus non-Hispanics, including consideration of testing pros and cons and registration of a decision to either accept or decline testing. Aim 3 will examine personalized genomic testing for melanoma risk feedback comprehension, recall, satisfaction, and cancer-related distress in those who undergo testing, and whether these outcomes differ by ethnicity (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic), or sociocultural or demographic factors. Final outcome data collection is anticipated to be complete by October 2017, at which point data analysis will commence.ConclusionsThis study has important implications for personalized genomics in the context of melanoma risk, and may be broadly applicable as a model for delivery of personalized genomic feedback for other health conditions.

Graphene oxide-modified microencapsulated phase change materials with high encapsulation capacity and enhanced leakage-prevention performance

Novel microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) with high encapsulation capacity and enhanced leakage-prevention performance were prepared by in situ polymerization. For these MEPCMs, paraffin and melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) are respectively used as core and shell, and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, which can be seen as extra protective screen, are situated at the interface between the core and the shell. Effects of GO on morphology, microstructure and properties of MEPCMs were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), laser diffraction particle analyzer, atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and paraffin leakage rate test. The results show that the fabricated MEPCMs with GO nanosheets have gradual increasing average diameters from 6.32 to 15.89μm with an increase content of GO, while the size of MEPCMs without GO is 5.63μm. When the time of leakage rate test is 50h, the MEPCMs prepared with 0.5mg/mL GO aqueous dispersion have considerably high encapsulation ratio of 93.9wt.%, and the leakage rate is reduced by 93.1% compared with those without GO. The high encapsulation capacity and enhanced leakage-prevention performance might be highly attractive for the application of MEPCMs.

Mobile protective screen for nonstationary workplaces for manual arc welding

Mobile protective screen for nonstationary workplaces for manual arc welding

Мобильный защитный экран для нестационарных рабочих мест ручной дуговой сварки

Мобильный защитный экран для нестационарных рабочих мест ручной дуговой сварки

Reflection coefficients of particles scattered at surfaces: H, D-W, H, Ar-Al and D-C, Ar-Ge

Reflection coefficients and angular distributions of scattered particles in bombarding various practically applicable targets with H, D and Ar atoms have been calculated in a wide range of incident angles and energies. In the case of glancing angles and crystalline targets, the reflection coefficient of almost 100% has been observed. This effect should be taken into account in calculating energy input into the divertor material and in designing protective screens for spacecrafts.

FLEXIBLE PROTECTIVE MICROWAVE SCREENS ON THE BASIS OF THIN CONDUCTING FIBERS

The development of radio communication, television, radiolocation, remote information processing systems led to the appearance of an intense electromagnetic background in our environment. In many cases, it is the cause of the disturbance of the correct functioning of biological objects, a hindrance to the operation of radioelectronic devices – information transmission systems and military equipment. Therefore, there is a need to protect objects from electromagnetic radiation. Special attention is given to the development of screens and coatings, the effectiveness of which is achieved through the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, since the reflection of electromagnetic radiation often has a negative effect associated with the formation of a rereflected wave affecting the screened object. Moreover, it can help to identify an object by external sensors in cases where it is undesirable. The effect of an anomalously large absorption of microwave radiation by conducting fibers is observed when electric vector of an electromagnetic wave incident on the fiber is parallel to the fiber axis. The possibility of using this effect to create protective screens is considered in this paper. The study has showed that electromagnetic radiation is very strongly absorbed and scattered by thin conducting fibers if the electric vector of the wave is parallel to the fiber axis: the values of the absorption and scattering efficiency factors can reach several hundreds and even thousands, that is, the effective absorption and scattering cross sections can be in several hundreds or thousands times higher than the geometric cross sections of the fiber. This is a size effect, the nature of which, perhaps, is related to the effective excitation of currents at certain ratios between the fiber diameter and the wavelength of the radiation. Also in the work, the advantages of graphite fibers in front of metal ones as a material for absorbing screens have been experimentally proved. The results of the study can be used to create protective microwave screens.

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in bromeliads grown in the Bauru Municipal Botanical Gardens, São Paulo, Brazil

The aim of this study was to observe the occurrence of mosquito larvae, especially Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, in the tanks and axillae of bromeliads at the Bauru Municipal Botanical Gardens, São Paulo, Brazil, highlighting the epidemiological implications for the use of these plants. The majority of the larvae belonged to mosquitos from genus Culex, with only occasional findings of A. aegypti and A. albopictus. The use of screens for protection of the plants, exposure to sunlight, and larger amounts of water in the tanks may have influenced the occurrence and grouping of larvae.

INFLUENCE OF NON-PERFORATED SCREEN LOCATION ON HEAT TRANSFER PROCESS IN BUILDING ENCLOSING PARTS

It is recommended to have a vapor-proof barrier on the internal side of heat insulation system in multi-layer building enclosing parts in order to ensure protection of a heat-insulation layer against humidification because relative humidity of internal air is generally higher than external one and diffusion of water steam is directed from premises outside. While having a barrier with high vapor permeability a part of moisture can be accumulated in the structure and heat insulation core and difference of actual and maximum possible partial pressures leads to condensate formation. In order to improve thermal properties of enclosing parts the necessity arises to create a vapor-proof protection screen. It complies with the design of a panel with a vapor-proof screen in the form of non-perforated aluminium foil. The given screen located at internal panel layer prevents penetration of water vapor from premises into enclosing part and heat insulation layer. In such a case condensation zones and, consequently, their moistening can occur in some layers of enclosing parts according to their thermal and physical characteristics. The paper contains a calculation of thermal and moisture regime of the enclosing parts with vapor-proof layer (non-perforated aluminium foil) located in enclosing part core between various layers. An analysis of thermal and moisture regime diagrams for multi-layer external enclosing part demonstrates that the part of non-perforated screen (aluminium foil) located between internal concrete layer and perforated heat insulation layer is considered the most rational one. At the same time other screens between separate layers are perforated.

Zika Virus Prevalence, Correlates and Preventive Behaviors: New Evidence from Survey Data

Brazilian health authorities have recommended that pregnant women take meticulous precaution to avoid mosquito bites, and use contraceptive methods to postpone/delay pregnancies. In this article, we present new estimates on the Zika virus prevalence, its correlates and preventive behaviors in the Northeast of Brazil, where the outbreak initiated, using survey data collected between March 30th and June 3rd of 2016. The target population are women aged 15-49 in the capital cities of the nine states of the Northeast region of Brazil. We find that more educated women are less likely to report suffering from Zika (or its symptoms), and more likely to avoid pregnancy in the last 12 months and being informed about the association between Zika and microcephaly. In addition, more educated women are more likely to follow preventive measures against the Zika virus: having used long and light-colored clothes, having used mosquito repellent or insecticides, having used mosquito protective screens or kept windows closed, and having dumped standing water where mosquitoes can breed.