Protection Of Phenolic Compounds Research Articles

Utilization of grape pomaces and brewery waste Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of bio-based microencapsulated pigments

This research approaches the utilization of brewery waste yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a vehicle for the encapsulation and protection of phenolic compounds from Cabernet Sauvignon and Bordeaux grape pomace extracts. The main purpose of this research was to enrich the biomass of yeast to investigate its potential as a novel vehicle for further application as pigment or functional ingredient. The obtained powders presented characteristics appropriated for storage, such as low water activity (<0.289), hygroscopicity (<13.71 g/100 g) and moisture (<7.10%) and particle sizes lower than the sensory perceptible (<11.45 µm). This work proved that yeasts were loaded after spray-drying, thus, they might be considered as biocapsules. Furthermore, the bioaccessibility of encapsulated phenolic compounds from Bordeaux and Cabernet Sauvignon extracts was 34.96% and 14.25% higher compared to their respective free extracts, proving that yeasts are not only biocapsules of easy application, but also a biological material capable of protecting and delivering the compounds during gastrointestinal digestion.

Protection of phenolic compounds within nanocarriers.

Abstract One of the main groups of bioactive components in the food, healthcare and pharmaceutical industries is phenolic compounds, which should be protected by encapsulation technologies because of their low bioavailability, low solubility, untargeted release and undesirable taste. Nanoencapsulation involves entrapment of different bioactive components in small capsules, allowing them to be stable, protected and preserved against nutritional and health losses during the process or delivery as well as attaining a controlled release. In this review study, production and application of different nanocarriers for phenolic compounds have been considered and discussed, including lipid nanocarriers, biopolymer nanostructures, special equipment-based nanovehicles and nature-inspired nano-carriers.

The Effects of Tocopherol Nanocapsules/Xanthan Gum Coatings on the Preservation of Fresh-Cut Apples: Evaluation of Phenol Metabolism

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different xanthan gum coatings with nanoparticles (nanocapsules and nanospheres) on the production and oxidation of phenolic compounds generated by enzymatic activity (phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO)) on fresh-cut Red Delicious apples stored for 21 days at 4 °C. The nanoparticles were prepared using the emulsification-diffusion method. The film systems formed had particle sizes (Ps) of 190 to 260 nm, the polydispersity index (Pdi) was |35| mV parameters that suggest good physical stability. While all the nanoparticulate coatings proved to be effective, the best coating was the nanocapsules/xanthan gum combination because it decreased the initial respiration rate by 63 % compared to controls. The effect on PPO and PAL activity was associated with the protection of phenolic compounds, whose concentrations remained unchanged. Also, lower variations in total color differences were found.

Effects of extrusion, infrared and microwave processing on Maillard reaction products and phenolic compounds in soybean

The Maillard reaction indicators furosine, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), acrylamide and color were determined to evaluate heat effects induced during extrusion, infrared and microwave heating of soybean. In addition, the present paper aimed to study changes in the phenolic compounds, as well as in the overall antioxidant properties of different soybean products in relation to heating at 45-140 °C during the processes. Soybean proteins were highly sensible to Maillard reaction and furosine was rapidly formed under slight heating conditions during extrusion and infrared heating. Microwave heating at lower temperatures for a longer time yielded lower acrylamide levels in the final soybean products, as a result of its partial degradation. However, during infrared heating, acrylamide formation greatly increased with decreasing moisture content. After a short time of extrusion and infrared heating at 140 °C and microwave heating at 135 °C for 5 min, concentrations of HMF increased to 11.34, 26.21 and 34.97 µg g(-1), respectively. The heating conditions caused formation of acrylamide, HMF and furosine in high concentration. The results indicate that the complex structure of soybeans provides protection of phenolic compounds from thermal degradation, and that Maillard reaction products improved the antioxidant properties of heat-treated soybean.