Personnel Protection Research Articles

Формирование риск-ориентированного мышления у персонала угледобывающих предприятий

One of the solutions to the problem of risk management associated with the actions of personnel of coal mining enterprises during the performance of production functions is considered — targeted development of risk-oriented thinking with the operating personnel aimed at formation of the behavior consistent with hazardous working conditions. To master risk-oriented thinking, 97 analytical and modeling seminars were held with the participation of 1884 employees of JSC «SUEK-Kuzbass». The purpose and objectives of these seminars are presented, the experience of conducting them is analyzed, and the opinions of their participants on the results obtained are given. The authors pay special attention to the methods used in conducting the seminars, the form of their conduct and content. According to the authors opinion, the main difference between these seminars and traditional ones in the methodological aspect is the use, along with the well-known techniques and methods (the «Swiss cheese» model of the cause-and-effect relationships by D. Reason, the DuPont incident pyramid or the pyramid of G.W. Heinrich (Henrich) and etc.), the author methodology «I know. I recognize. I warn». The result of the seminars was the fact that the operating personnel of the company enterprises is massively involved in the process of identifying hazardous production situations in the workplaces, identifying key factors that need to be eliminated, as well as finding simple algorithms for their own behavior that is adequate to the hazards. The main conclusion of the authors is that carried out work proved the efficiency of the formation and development of the risk-oriented thinking among the personnel of the coal mining enterprises directly engaged in the production process. The implementation of this approach, along with the traditional ways to increase the protection of personnel with technical, technological and organizational measures, will allow to reduce the manifestations of irrational behavior of the personnel regarding occupational safety and increase the effectiveness of injury risk management.

The human factor and technical conditions in the process of shaping the safety of medical staff during the treatment of cancer diseases – an original concept of drug packaging using CAD software and 3D bioprinting

Purpose: The use of 3D printers for printing tablets, CAD software for 3D modeling for medical purposes, as well as the impact of the human factor on the safety of medical staff during the care of a cancer patient were studied.
 Method: concept based on statistical data from the National Cancer Registry and information on bioprinters and 3D printers. Concept using AutoCAD software as well as statistical data related to accidents at work of medical personnel.
 Findings: The concept of packaging anticancer drugs for an individual patient with the use of AutoCAD software as well as bioprints and 3D printers and its impact on the safety of medical staff.
 Value: Thanks to 3D bioprinting and packaging of anticancer drugs, it will be possible to conduct further research on the treatment of cancer patients around the world with drug packages, to develop new technologies for the production of anticancer drugs, to increase access to drugs. The concept may force the standardization of treatment of oncological patients, as well as changes in the procedures for drug approval. The presented concept is the basis for further research. The concept will also affect the protection of medical personnel against human errors as well as the improvement of occupational health and safety.
 Paper type: practical.

Tanggung Jawab Hukum Rumah Sakit Terhadap Kelalaian Tenaga Medis Yang Mengakibatkan Pasien Cacat Permanen

Law no. 44 of 2009 stated that "Hospitals are legally responsible for all losses incurred due to negligence committed by health workers at the Hospital". Hospital responsibilities in providing health care are based on professional, ethical, civil, administrative and criminal aspects. The hospital law provides protection and guarantees for patients and medical personnel involved in health services. And also provide certainty in the hospital to maximize management functions, regulate and control various things that are the responsibility of the hospital so that it can minimize various things that can certainly harm patients. Obstacles are the difficulty in finding evidence related to medical negligence committed by medical personnel against patients which causes harm to patients so that it is difficult for hospitals to prove the existence of medical negligence committed by medical personnel against patients. The solution is for the hospital to form a team to deal with acts of negligence that occur, accredit professional and health workforce resources, evaluate the performance of medical personnel, and improve hospital management. Conduct accreditation of professional and health workforce resources.

Financial support of military personnel is one of the most important elements of their financial situation and motivation in the service

Taking into account the fact that there is a war going on in Ukraine today in connection with armed Russian aggression, rethinking the specifics of social protection of military personnel, who perform special work aimed at protecting the Motherland, is of particular importance. The purpose of the article is to investigate the financial support of military personnel as one of the most important elements of their financial situation and motivation in the service. Because today, in view of the long general mobilization and the increase in the number of those who are forced to simultaneously protect the independence of the state and take care of the well-being of their families, the financial support of military personnel is the subject of public discussions.It is noted that the financial support of military personnel should correspond to modern realities, ensure stability, its dimensions should reflect the level of physical and moral stress, take into account risks and create appropriate material conditions for the life of military personnel and their family members. It was concluded that a decent financial support of military personnel is impossible without fundamental normative and legal support, which not only contains the relevant social rights, but also provides social guarantees for their implementation. Therefore, supporting the positions of other scientists, it is proposed to develop a legislative act, which would enshrine the basic principles of monetary support for military personnel, in particular, to develop a draft law on monetary support for military personnel, which will contribute to the universalization and consolidation of norms on the remuneration of military personnel at the legislative level, and therefore - will constitute a an additional important guarantee of ensuring the right of the specified employees to remuneration.

Анализ факторов ограничения функции защиты человека от электропоражения в электрической сети участка шахты

The relevance of enhancing the protection of mine personnel from electric shocks is associated with a high probability of human contact with a live phase conductor during the operation of power electrical equipment in presence of complex electrical equipment being part of the mine site. The authors have identified the following factors that limit the efficiency of the earth leakage protection means in relation to the their possible operation as part of the mine electric network used to supply power to high-capacity equipment: 1 – capacitance currents in the shunt conductances and leakage circuit are not fully compensated by autocompensators based on the correction of the compensating choke inductance; 2 – implementation of the method to detect the phase with the earth leakage by comparing the phase-to-ground voltages has a limitation for the insulation capacitances exceeding 0.9 μF/phase and the leakage resistance (human body) exceeding 1.0 kOhms; 3 – stability of the earth leakage protection devices to switching transient processes in the power line is not ensured when switching connections with high insulation capacitance in conditions of low (but still within the permissible level) active insulation resistance of the power line; 4 – functionality of the earth leakage protection is limited to cutting the energy flow of the transformer substation of the mine site off the power line and does not cover the suppression of inverse electromotive forces of the induction motors of consumers switching to the run-out mode, which represent an electrical shock hazard.

Protection and Maintenance of Healthcare Services for Civilians’ Well-Being in Conflict Affected Areas: Comparative Analysis of The African Situation

Purpsoe: Medical neutrality refers to a globally accepted principle derived from International humanitarian law (IHL), International Human Rights Law and Medical Ethics. It is based on the principles of non-interference with medical services in times of armed conflict and civil unrest. It promotes the freedom for physicians and aid personnel to care for the sick and wounded, and to receive care regardless of political affiliation. The purpose of this study was to examine comparatively, the extent in which humanitarian aid access, healthcare facilities and healthcare professionals are protected in conflict affected areas in Africa. The protection of health personnel, health services and humanitarian workers is no longer respected. This compromises the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 3 – towards health for all, and 16 – towards justice and peace.
 Methdology: The study was guided by Andersen’s Behavioral Model of health service of 1995. Methodological wise, the study was depended on desktop review of empirical research including the works of Ramadan (2020) on availability of primary healthcare services in conflict affected areas as well as the works of Altare et al (2020) on the experience of women, children and adolescents in conflicts affected areas among others.
 Findings: The findings show that, limited infrastructure, lack of skilled personnel, and shortages of essential medical supplies hinder access to healthcare services, creating a significant gap in humanitarian aid for civilians in these areas. The study also reveals the vulnerability of health facilities and healthcare workers to attacks during conflicts, emphasizing the need for enhanced protection measures. Destruction of communication infrastructure and disrupted transportation further impede the functioning of health facilities and the delivery of critical services. The study underscores the limited access to humanitarian aid, the need for greater protection of health facilities, and the challenges in safeguarding healthcare professionals in conflict affected areas in Africa.
 Recommendations: The study recommends prioritization of the protection of health facilities and healthcare professionals, enhanced security measures, advocacy for International Humanitarian Law (IHL), support for healthcare infrastructure, improved access to healthcare, facilitation of humanitarian aid, support for peacebuilding initiatives and strengthening of monitoring and accountability by African Nations.

Prospects of the use of high-tension fiber concrete as the basis for the formation of protective shelters and fortification structures during the russian-ukrainian war

This article analyzes the current state of protective shelters and fortification structures, foresees the modern possibilities of using fastening and basalt-type structures to increase the stability of concrete fortifications both during the construction of buildings for the protection of the civilian population, and for the creation of dugouts, fortifications and fire structures for the protection of personnel in accordance.
 Studies of the physical and mechanical properties of fiber concrete modified with plasticizers and active mineral additives using basalt and polypropylene fibers have shown that their introduction has a positive effect on the strength characteristics of concrete. The compressive strength of fiber concrete at day 28 increases from 61.4 to 77.0 and 96.2 MPa, respectively, and the flexural strength from 7.4 to 12.7 and 13.8 MPa, respectively.
 For the production of reinforced concrete protective materials, it is more effective to create hybrid high-strength concrete using fibers of different nature, followed by the formation of a reinforced concrete slab of the appropriate size. At the same time, the standard provides for the manufacture of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements of fortification structures and platoon support points of wall panels of the SP-1, SP-2 type and floor slabs PP-1 with a thickness of at least 300 mm from heavy concrete of strength class C32/40 with the use of plasticizers and active chemical additives.
 However, when using the obtained hybrid fiber concrete with strength class C50/60 and using a reinforcing mesh according to the calculated data, it is possible to reduce the effective thickness of the fiber concrete slab to 27.5 cm installation of fortification.
 The use of a reinforcing mesh in a complex with basalt fiber provides increased resistance of fiber concrete to the action of a high-speed impact due to an increase in the density of the cementing matrix as a result of a decrease in water consumption, as well as due to spatial three-dimensional reinforcement with dispersed basalt fiber. As a result of the mutual combination of the strength characteristics of the concrete matrix at the micro- and macro-levels in hybrid fiber concrete, it is possible to reduce the thickness of reinforced concrete elements and reduce the weight of the protective structure while meeting the requirements of the standards for such fortifications. An increase in the strength of cement stone occurs due to a decrease in the concentration of stresses in places of local stresses and a redistribution of energy throughout the volume of the material.
 The conducted studies of modern hybrid high-strength concrete with basalt fiber create new opportunities for the creation of protective concrete fortifications and fortification structures.

Activities of Force Structure Military-Political Bodies: Historical Retrospective and Modern Priorities

The article examines the historical and legal aspect of the origin and development of militarypolitical bodies, traces changes in the content of their functioning during the February and October revolutions, during the Civil (1917–1922) and Great Patriotic Wars (1941–1945), during the post-war and post-Soviet stages of national history.The conducted analysis of the current regulatory documents of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the Russian Guard, allowed the authors to conclude that the military-political (political) and moral-psychological factors are strengthening in the organization of personnel education in the new geopolitical conditions. The article highlights such priority spheres of activity of officials as the formation of a statepatriotic worldview within the framework of modern informational narratives and the protection of military personnel and employees from the negative informational impact of internal and external destructive forces.The scientific novelty of the article is provided by the recommendations proposed by the authors for the activities of state authorities on information and military-political support for a special military operation in the territory of Donbass and priority areas for professional and moral and psychological training of personnel of law enforcement agencies, taking into account the military-historical heritage of the Past.

Institutional and technical history of requirements‐based strategic armor ceramics basic research leading up to the multiscale material by design materials in extreme dynamic environments (MEDE) program. Part I. Brief history of institutional changes and relevant major research programs

AbstractHistory, beginning in the late 1960s during the Vietnam war, of the institutional changes that took place because of various military operations and the resulting changes in policies and requirements in the Department of Defense and the Army: Army Force XXI, DDRE, and Army After Next; this will include the evolution of personnel and vehicle protection materials and the impact of major DARPA programs. The new requirements emphasized light weight and changes in the basic research approach, which led to the approval of a strategic research objective, “Armor Materials by Design.” At the same time, there were other National planning activities, workshops, and conferences advocating for the armor materials by design vision and the use of “figures of merit.” The Army Research Laboratory responded to these initiatives by initiating an “Enterprise for Multiscale Research of Materials” leading to the funding of a revolutionary new collaborative research program on “materials in extreme dynamic environment.” The role of the ARL Materials Center of Excellence will also be included.

A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ABSOLUTE ACTIVITIES IN CONTAMINATIONS AND SKIN DOSES.

At radiological facilities, protocols are in place to guide radiation protection personnel in the event of the radioactive contamination of surfaces. A count rate measurement is performed with a portable contamination survey meter and a sample of the contamination is taken for later analysis and identification of the radionuclides. If the contaminated surface was of a worker's skin, then a skin dose assessment is made. The determination of the absolute activity of the radionuclides of the contamination often rests on the assumed detection efficiency of the survey meter used in the initial counting. This may lead to important underestimation or overestimation of the radionuclides' activities as the detection efficiency of the instrument must depend on the radiation type, the energy and the backscatter characteristics of the surface. This paper reports on a user-friendly computer application that relies on databases of pre-calculated detection efficiencies and skin dose rate conversion factors for the accurate assessment of contamination activities and skin doses. The results of some cases are compared with the available data in the literature.

Weed Strategy Considering the Weed Control Effect and Weed Control Uniformity with Microsprinkler Irrigation

Improper herbicide application without proper personnel protection (PPE) can be harmful. Herbicide application with microsprinkler irrigation reduces direct contact with herbicides with the benefits of being highly efficient, decreasing water and herbicide use, and using precise irrigation and concentration control during agricultural production. Therefore, to propose a reasonable strategy for applying microsprinkler irrigation, a laboratory test was conducted to study the water distribution characteristics, and different herbicide concentrations (1.5 g/L, 2.0 g/L, and 3.0 g/L) were used in a field irrigation experiment with polyethylene microsprinkler hoses. Wheat was selected as the test crop, and the effects of the different herbicide concentrations were compared and analyzed based on the weed control effect and weed control uniformity. The results showed that in comparison to other herbicide concentrations, a higher herbicide application concentration (3.0 g/L) did not have a better application effect. Application concentration and duration influenced each other and synergistically affected the application effect. The weed control effects of the herbicide concentrations at 1.5 g/L and 2.0 g/L were similar and had better application effects than those of the other concentrations. When using this approach, the specific herbicide concentration should be determined according to the crop and soil environmental conditions, and the application concentration and duration should be adjusted reasonably.

정부청사 보안조직의 문제점 및 개선방안

In addition to the ongoing threat of provocations, such as North Korea's resumption of ballistic missile tests, and the chaotic international situation caused by the prolonged Russian invasion of Ukraine, anxiety in the field of domestic security is also rising. Even in these chaotic times, government offices are always exposed to various security incidents, so it is necessary to pay more attention to security. The government buildings of the Republic of Korea consist of 'A'-class facilities (Seoul, Gwacheon, Daejeon, Sejong), where most of the administrative and central administrative agencies are located, and other government and local government buildings. The importance of government building security is increasing due to additional construction plans for government and local government offices, but the security organization is insufficient in comparison. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the current situation of the government building security organization, draw implications, and suggest improvement plans so that an organization capable of improving security level and efficient security work can be formed. As for the method of the study, in order to identify the problems of the government building security organization, previous research and literature data on the security organization of other organizations similar to the government building were analyzed, and the problems and improvement of the security organization were targeted at the security officials among the government building protection personnel. An in-depth interview was conducted on the room. As a result of the study, the problems of the government building security organization were found to be non-unification of command authority, composition of protection personnel, lack of specialized security departments, and legal authority of public officials in defense positions. Clear division of duties and organizational organization, expansion of departments specializing in security for each building, review of application of legal authority such as the Act on performance of Duties by Police Officials in Security Official, and establishment of a Special Judicial Police Unit at government buildings were suggested. In particular, this study proposed the creation of a new security organization tentatively named 'Government Buildings Special Judicial Police Unit' as an improvement plan that can complement all 7 problems, and organized into organizations such as members and organization chart, duties and scope of the organization A portion of the content was also suggested. Therefore, it is expected that the utilization of the results of this study will greatly contribute to the improvement of the security level by improving the security organization of government buildings.

Some aspects of overcoming the transport crisis in Ukraine

The relevance of the topic is proved due to many factors that directly affect the development of the transport industry, in particular, air, rail and other types of transport in Ukraine. The importance of transport for ensuring the sustainable development of the country's economy is substantiated. Issues related to the development and solution of some transport problems in Ukraine are studied. Emphasis was placed on the need for constructive solutions to a number of economic, technical, environmental, personnel and labor protection issues. In order to solve a number of problems of the transport industry, examples of the implementation of technical tasks are considered and substantiated, which are quite simple in theory, but extremely important and complex when implementing them into the practice of enterprises. After all, they need regular updating of equipment, because as a result of the development of scientific and technological progress, more advanced, but expensive technologies are constantly appearing, which are not available to all transport enterprises and require compensation from the state. Among the many economic problems that occur in the activities of aviation industry enterprises, the special importance of large taxes was identified. Conclusions were drawn about the need for an optimal combination of state regulation and a healthy competitive market. Some aspects of ensuring the functioning of the transport industry and scientifically sound future ways of its development are considered. The main aspects of ensuring the work of the transport industry of Ukraine are scientifically substantiated, which are based on a systematic approach, the implementation of which will allow adapting to changes caused by the influence of the external environment. The necessity of a highly developed transport system as a necessary factor for ensuring integration into the European and world economy is proved.

Establishment and Application of a Specialized Physical Examination Indicator System for Urban Waterlogging Risk in China

With the rapid development of urbanization in China, urban waterlogging has become a significant problem in constructing the safety of the human environment. As an essential manifestation of the modernization of the urban governance system and capacity, the city physical examination establishes a multi-criteria evaluation system for problem diagnosis, rectification, and improvement. In order to accurately identify the risk of urban waterlogging, the concept of special physical examination of urban waterlogging risk was established, and the evaluation mechanism and indicator definition were improved on the basis of the “four-factor method” of flooding disaster assessment. From the perspective of urban basin flood control capacity, background disaster-bearing conditions, “Major-Minor-Micro” drainage system capacity, crucial locations and personnel protection, and emergency management capacity, twenty-four indicators in five categories were selected. The interaction between multiple factors is considered to establish a special physical examination indicator system as a characteristic evaluation mechanism of waterlogging with the goal of urban safety and resilience. The results of the study could provide theoretical and technical support for the diagnosis of urban waterlogging risk problems and the formulation of prevention and control strategies.

Protective Attitudes toward Occupational Radiation Exposure among Spine Surgeons in Japan: An Epidemiological Description from the Survey by the Society for Minimally Invasive Spinal Treatment

Background and Objectives: The global trend toward increased protection of medical personnel from occupational radiation exposure requires efforts to promote protection from radiation on a societal scale. To develop effective educational programs to promote radiation protection, we clarify the actual status and stage of behavioral changes of spine surgeons regarding radiation protection. Materials and Methods: We used a web-based questionnaire to collect information on the actual status of radiation protection and stages of behavioral change according to the transtheoretical model. The survey was administered to all members of the Society for Minimally Invasive Spinal Treatment from 5 October to 5 November 2020. Results: Of 324 members of the Society for Minimally Invasive Spinal Treatment, 229 (70.7%) responded. A total of 217 participants were analyzed, excluding 12 respondents who were not exposed to radiation in daily practice. A trunk lead protector was used by 215 (99%) participants, while 113 (53%) preferred an apron-type protector. Dosimeters, thyroid protector, lead glasses, and lead gloves were used by 108 (50%), 116 (53%), 82 (38%), and 64 (29%) participants, respectively. While 202 (93%) participants avoided continuous irradiation, only 120 (55%) were aware of the source of the radiation when determining their position in the room. Regarding the behavioral change stage of radiation protection, 134 (62%) participants were in the action stage, while 37 (17%) had not even reached the contemplation stage. Conclusions: We found that even among the members of the Society for Minimally Invasive Spinal Treatment, protection of all vulnerable body parts was not fully implemented. Thus, development of educational programs that cover the familiar risks of occupational radiation exposure, basic protection methods in the operating room, and the effects of such protection methods on reducing radiation exposure in actual clinical practice is warranted.

ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL AND EVACUATION SUPPORT FOR THE TROOPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE UNIFIED MEDICAL SPACE OF UKRAINE

The article focuses on the need for the integration of civil and military medical institutions into the unified medical space of Ukraine. It substantiates the development of a holistic system of medical and evacuation support for the troops in combination with the resource capabilities of the civil health care system. It also defines the necessary prerequisites for the development of such a system, namely unity of views on the organization, tactics and procedure for the use of forces and means of medical services, and the capacity of civilian health care facilities for medical and evacuation support of military personnel. The Article describes specific management approaches regarding the medical and evacuation support capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU) that will contribute to the implementation of efficient medical and evacuation measures and adequate support as well as measures for the medical protection of military personnel, etc. It also proves the importance of defining and clearly demarcating levels of medical care and required resources and considers the possibility of working out interdepartmental civil and military cooperation as well as refining the system of medical and evacuation support for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the conditions of the unified medical space of Ukraine.

Three Experimental Common High-Risk Procedures: Emission Characteristics Identification and Source Intensity Estimation in Biosafety Laboratory.

Biosafety laboratory is an important place to study high-risk microbes. In biosafety laboratories, with the outbreak of infectious diseases such as COVID-19, experimental activities have become increasingly frequent, and the risk of exposure to bioaerosols has increased. To explore the exposure risk of biosafety laboratories, the intensity and emission characteristics of laboratory risk factors were investigated. In this study, high-risk microbe samples were substituted with Serratia marcescens as the model bacteria. The resulting concentration and particle size segregation of the bioaerosol produced by three experimental procedures (spill, injection, and sample drop) were monitored, and the emission sources' intensity were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the aerosol concentration produced by injection and sample drop was 103 CFU/m3, and that by sample spill was 102 CFU/m3. The particle size of bioaerosol is mainly segregated in the range of 3.3-4.7 μm. There are significant differences in the influence of risk factors on source intensity. The intensity of sample spill, injection, and sample drop source is 3.6 CFU/s, 78.2 CFU/s, and 664 CFU/s. This study could provide suggestions for risk assessment of experimental operation procedures and experimental personnel protection.

Social protection of family members of military personnel in Ukraine: problems and ways to solve them

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the legal regulation of social protection of members of military servicemen's families in Ukraine, the analysis of problematic issues of such protection and the introduction of proposals on ways to solve them. It is noted that the primary task of the state is to ensure social protection of its population and create conditions for a sufficient standard of living of people in the state. Because the right to social protection is one of the most important rights of a person, which must be recognized and guaranteed at the state level. It is noted that the category of the population in need of special social protection includes military personnel, whose activities are directly related to danger to life, and members of their families. Especially today, in the conditions of armed aggression, economic instability and the systematic and planned transformation of Ukraine as a European model state, the issue of social protection of military personnel and their family members is quite acute. It was concluded that in order to improve the social situation of family members of military personnel, it is necessary to improve their social protection. In particular, amendments to the laws of Ukraine and other normative legal acts in various areas, including improving the legislation on the strengthening of social protection for members of military servicemen's families; bringing the level of material and other types of security in line with the rights and freedoms established for them by law. Since the social protection of both military personnel and their family members, maintaining their lives at an appropriate level, is an important part of the social policy of the state, which is responsible for the well-being, development and security of its citizens. The social and legal protection of family members of military personnel is proposed to be understood as the activity of the state aimed at establishing a system of legal and social guarantees that ensure the realization of constitutional rights and freedoms, the satisfaction of the material and spiritual needs of family members of military personnel in accordance with the special type of their legal status in society.

Indicators of immunity in workers engaged in the processing of natural gas and condensate

Introduction. Despite the unique measures being taken at the Astrakhan Gas Processing Plant for personnel protection, the harmful exposure to the staff is not eliminated completely yet. Examination of the immune system is one of the methods of laboratory control over the gas-processing workers’ health and the system of measures for hygienic normalization of the working conditions. Materials and methods. The present study describes the working environment and evaluates the state of the immune system in workers with the use of the standard unified methods and approaches. A Brüel & Kjear 1302 multi gas monitor and a Tsvet-550 gas chromatograph were used to indicate pollutants. Examination involved one hundred sixty workers and 81 person from the control group (donors of Astrakhan Regional Blood Transfusion Center). The immune system was evaluated using the System 9000 Plus hematological analyser, Cyto FLEX LX flow cytometer, UNICO 2100UV specrophotometer, and KFK-3-03-ZOMZ photometer Results. The established set of the main unfavourable production factors includes air pollution of the work area with sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon, hydrogen sulphide, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, and unfavourable microclimatic conditions. Occupational hazards cause in employees changes in the immune status including leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, changes in the composition of the lymphocyte population and T lymphocyte subpopulation, a decrease in the immunoglobulin content, lysozyme activity and phagocytosis index. Limitations. The study took into account only the effect of occupational hazards on the deviation of the immune status of workers engaged in natural gas and condensate processing. Conclusion. The authors consider the recorded changes to be adaptive. It suggests the possibility of normalization of the workers’ immune system functions with adequate rehabilitation measures.

ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫЕ РИСКИ В СИСТЕМЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ: ЗАПАДНЫЙ ОПЫТ

The growing role of organizations in promoting risk management in production indicates their desire to improve the working conditions of personnel and control all risks. Personnel costs represent investments, not costs, that facilitate management in the direction of preventing risks associated with the business. This includes the definition of responsibilities and organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures and resources for the development, implementation, implementation, revision and maintenance of policies to prevent industrial risks.
 Improving the working conditions of personnel and environmental protection should be considered as important practical goals that can be achieved through measures such as risk factors control; adaptation of equipment and labor tools appropriate to human capabilities; changes in the organization, maintenance and control of labor; environmental monitoring and education. Risk assessment should be a dynamic process. For this, each enterprise, in accordance with the legislation, should develop a system for preventing industrial risks, the purpose of which is to promote the safety and health of employees by applying appropriate measures and procedures necessary for the continuous identification of hazards, risk assessment and implementation of necessary control measures.