Protagoras Research Articles

A Case of Philosophical Arguments in Dramatization: Two Contradicting References to Protagoras in the Cratylus

A Case of Philosophical Arguments in Dramatization: Two Contradicting References to Protagoras in the Cratylus

Rilevanza Epistemologica dell’Ontologia Parmenidea

E possibile intendere l’essere di Parmenide come la ‘totalita dell’esistente’. L’intuizione di Parmenide e che l’essere e un continuum compatto (fr. 4), e egli fornisce una dimostrazione logica di questa intuizione riconoscendo che il non-essere, che solo potrebbe dividere l’esistente in una molteplicita di esseri, non esiste. Di conseguenza, la conoscenza dell’essere puo soltanto essere l’apprendimento della totalita dell’essere nel suo insieme – una forma di conoscenza che e inconcepibile per l’uomo. La conoscenza umana si articola sempre in concetti, immagini, relazioni¬…, espresse da nomi, parole. Gli uomini dunque non colgono l’essere stesso ma, al piu, alcuni limitati aspetti di una minima parte di esso, come appaiono da prospettive umane e personali. Parmenide attribuisce l’epiteto ‘dalla doppia testa’ a quei mortali che pretendono che le loro verita rappresentino la realta dell’essere, perche questa pretesa implicherebbe l’esistenza insieme dell’essere e del non-essere. Questa concezione epistemologica e l’unico risultato che conti dell’ontologia di Parmenide. L’epistemologia di Parmenide scioglie molti degli enigmi filosofici del suo tempo, mostra che i cosiddetti paradossi di Zenone sono argomenti validi e prefigura le dottrine di Protagora e Gorgia.

A Commentary about Protagoras’ Legacy to Aristotle’s Ethical Political Philosophy

As concepcoes de virtude de Protagoras e de Aristoteles sao, sem duvida, diferentes. O primeiro a concebe como o exercicio de certas qualidades morais indispensaveis a conquista ou manutencao do que e util para si e aqueles que se dedicam aos assuntos da cidade. O segundo a concebe como uma disposicao de carater firme e imutavel, condicao para a realizacao da Eudaimonia do individuo e da cidade. Contudo, parece-nos que Protagoras e Aristoteles convergem num ponto: a subsistencia da cidade nao depende da atuacao de um governante detentor da ciencia do bom governo que dirige sua atuacao politica, mas de governantes e governados bem educados e virtuosos, condicao para o bom exercicio politico. Meu objetivo, aqui, e indicar a familiaridade que existe nas concepcoes politicas de Protagoras e de Aristoteles quanto a finalidade da educacao dos cidadaos como garantia da justica na cidade.

Fragments of a Sophistic Discourse: Antiphon, between Protagoras and Gorgias

El articulo analiza la produccion sofistica a partir del caso singular de Antifonte, en virtud del problema de su identidad. Se acepta que el orador y el sofista son la misma persona, lo cual altera la configuracion del corpus que se les atribuye. Esto permite analizar conjuntamente las Tetralogias del orador y el Sobre la verdad del sofista. Siguiendo estos textos se aborda su pensamiento centrado en dos nucleos fundamentales: el logos y el nomos, con los que la sofistica elabora un pensamiento sobre la organizacion de la polis. Las posiciones de Antifonte son cotejadas con las de Protagoras y Gorgias, para indicar sus puntos de vista en comun.

A Interpretação Aristotélica do Pensamento Protagoreano em Metafísica Γ 4-6

In Metaphysics Γ 4-6 Aristotle argues that Protagoras is committed not just to denying the PNC, but also to asserting its contrary. In this paper, I offer an analysis of this commitment. I try to show that Aristotle is working with a specific idea in mind: a Protagoreanism ontologically linked to the flux doctrine, as Plato suggested in Theaetetus 152-160.

Plato’s Anti-Hedonism and the Protagoras by J. Clerk Shaw (review)

Plato’s Anti-Hedonism and the Protagoras by J. Clerk Shaw (review)

Rhetoric of Reputation: Protagoras' Statement, Snoop Doggy Dogg's Flow

Rhetoric of Reputation: Protagoras' Statement, Snoop Doggy Dogg's Flow

Devenir e identidad personal en los sofistas

El trabajo apunta a iluminar el desatendido vínculo entre el hombre, la temporalidad y el recuerdo en el pensamiento de los sofistas Gorgias y Pro- tágoras. Tanto en el tratado Sobre el no ser de Gorgias como en el discurso que Platón atribuye a Protágoras en el Teeteto se exhibe una teoría según la cual el hombre es un mero conglomerado que no supone ninguna instancia identitaria, pues se encuentra fragmentado tanto sincrónica como diacrónicamente.

Plato’s Anti-hedonism and the Protagoras, written by J. Clerk Shaw

Plato’s Anti-hedonism and the Protagoras, written by J. Clerk Shaw

The Protagoras v. Euathlus Case : a Thread of Law to the Labyrinth of Logic

The Protagoras v. Euathlus Case : a Thread of Law to the Labyrinth of Logic

DES ARGUMENTS PROTAGORÉENS CONTRE LE CHANGEMENT. THÉÉTÉTE ET PHÉDON

On the evidence of Plato’s Theaetetus and Phaedo the author claims that Protagoras argued against changement. The paper develops in four steps. First, the paradox of the dices is taken into account. Then four parallels to this argument are recovered in Socrates’ autobiography in Plato’ Phaedo. Third, the four parallels are identified with the wise causes of the antilogies. Finally, the author addresses the objection that both Theaetetus in the Theaetetus and Socrates in the Phaedo show serious wondering and dismiss such arguments as merely sophisms by focusing on how the notion of wondering is used in the Euthydemus.

What Protagoras Teaches

What Protagoras Teaches

From Protagoras to Aristotle

From Protagoras to Aristotle

How to Read Protagoras’ Peri Theōn (on the Gods) Fragment

How to Read Protagoras’ Peri Theōn (on the Gods) Fragment

On Knowledge as a Condition for Courage in Plato’s Protagoras

On Knowledge as a Condition for Courage in Plato’s Protagoras

Logic of Courage and Wisdom in Plato’s Protagoras 349e–351b

Logic of Courage and Wisdom in Plato’s Protagoras 349e–351b

Mi-Kyoung Lee: Epistemology after Protagoras: Responses to Relativism in Plato, Aristotle and Democritus.

Mi-Kyoung Lee: Epistemology after Protagoras: Responses to Relativism in Plato, Aristotle and Democritus. Oxford: Oxford UP 2005. XII, 291 S.

Good and Pleasure in the Protagoras

Good and Pleasure in the Protagoras

Review: Epistemology After Protagoras: Responses to Relativism in Plato, Aristotle and Democritus

Review: Epistemology After Protagoras: Responses to Relativism in Plato, Aristotle and Democritus

Rhetoric, Philosophy, and the Public Intellectual

When we went in we found Protagoras walking in the portico flanked by two groups.... Following behind and trying to listen to what was being said were a group of what seemed to be mostly foreigners, men whom Protagoras collects from various cities he travels through. He enchants them with his voice like Orpheus, and they follow the sound of his voice in a trance. ... When he turned around with his flanking groups, the audience to the rear would split into two in a very orderly way and then circle around to either side and form up again behind him. It was quite lovely. Plato (1997a, 315a-b)