Prostitution Research Articles

Religious Symbolism and Democracy Encountered: A Case of Prostitution Bylaw of Bantul

This paper addresses the bylaw on prostitution issued by the Bantul authority in May 2007. It specifically examines the relation between the involvement of religious symbolism, the call for public participation and political interests in the legislation process. The paper argues that, on the one hand, the law relates prostitution to issues of immorality, social illness, and the degradation of women due to economic discrimination or sexual exploitation. The subject of prostitution has been extended, covering not only sex workers and pimps, but everyone committing indecent acts, such as showing a ‘sexy’ performance. On the other hand, this regulation is considered to be ambiguous in determining the standard of public morality and, therefore, puts women in a marginalised position. That the implementation of this law contributes to institutionalising the criminalisation against women is another fact which is believed to diminish the meaning of democracy. The government is blamed as taking too much care with procedural democracy but giving less attention to education and employment opportunities.[Artikel merupakan hasil studi peraturan daerah tentang larangan pelacuran yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Bantul pada Mei 2007. Studi ini menguji keterkaitan antara simbol-simbol keagamaan, partisipasi publik, dan kepentingan politik yang muncul dan menyertai proses legislasi. Penulis berpendapat bahwa pada satu sisi, dalam peraturan tersebut, pelacuran dikaitkan dengan perusakan terhadap nilai agama dan sosial serta penurunan martabat perempuan, terlepas akibat diskriminasi ekonomi atau eksploitasi seksual. Subjek pelacuran ternyata juga diperluas, tidak hanya pekerja seks dan mucikari, tetapi setiap orang yang melakukan perbuatan cabul, seperti berpenampilan seksi. Pada sisi yang lain, ukuran moralitas publik dalam peraturan ini dianggap kurang jelas dan menempatkan perempuan pada posisi yang terpinggirkan. Bahwa penerapan peraturan berimplikasi pada kriminalisasi terhadap perempuan merupakan bukti lain yang dinilai bertentangan dengan substansi demokrasi. Pemerintah dinilai terlalu perhatian pada demokrasi prosedural, tetapi mengabaikan masalah pendidikan dan kesempatan kerja.]

Development of a Taqman MGB real time fluorescence-based PCR assay for the detection of Mycoplasma genitalium

Objective To establish a rapid,sensitive and accurate method to detect Mycoplasma genitalium,and to evaluate the prevalence of M.genitalium among unlicensed prostitutes from Hezhou city in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods A pair of primers and Taqman MGB probe were designed and synthesized for the Pa gene of M.genitalium.Standard samples were prepared with the M.genitalium type strain G37.The established Taqman MGB real time fluorescence-based PCR assay was used to detect M.genitalium in the standard samples and cervical swab specimens collected from unlicensed prostitutes in Hezhou city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Results The established Taqman MGB real time PCR exhibited a wide linear range ( 1 × 10 copies/μl to 1 × 106 copies/μl,R2 =0.993),good repeatability (intra-assay variation;0.7％,inter-assay variation:1.09％) and hign sensitivity with the limit of detection being 10 copies/μl and limit of quantification being 50 copies/μl.As the assay showed,12.1％ of the 404 cervical swab samples were positive for M.genitalium.Conculsion The Taqman MGB real time fluorescence-based PCR is a rapid and sensitive method for the quantitative and qualitative detection of M.genitalium.

Letter to the Editor Regarding “Exiting Prostitution

Letter to the Editor Regarding Exiting Prostitution: An Integrated Model, by L. M. Baker, R. L. Dalla, & C. Williamson, Violence Against Women, 16, 579-600

Book review: Prostitution, Politics and Policy

Book review: Prostitution, Politics and Policy

Husband Related Factors Compelling Women to Take Asylum in Sheltered Homes a Case Control Survey in Lahore

Background: Women in Pakistan are also subjected to domestic violence. Some tolerate for life, but with changing trends some resist, leave home and take asy-lum in shelter houses. Domestic violence chiefly done by husbands, and there was need to know the factors related to the husbands involved in violence. Objective: To study the association of husband rela-ted factors compelling Women to Take Asylum in Sheltered Homes in Lahore. Materials and Methods: This case control study was conducted in Darulamans of Yateem Khana and Chou-burgi Lahore. 200 Interviews (100 cases, 100 controls) were made, Data was collected on pretested question-naire and analyzed with in SPSS. Results: Among cases, most of the husbands had edu-cation up to middle or metric i.e. 27%.Where as the occupation of most of the husbands among cases was laborer i.e. 23%. Most significant husband related fac-tors found were physical abuse, extramarital affairs of husbands, doubtful about character of wife, snatching salary of wife, put unnecessary restrictions on wife and enforcing wife in prostitution. Conclusion: Physical abuse, extramarital affairs of husbands, doubt about character, and enforcing wife in prostitution are chief violence types due to which wo-men take asylum in shelter homes. Keywords: Shelter houses, Asylum, abuse.

Labor Regulation as Family Regulation: Decent Work and Decent Families

It is due time that we understood that regulating the family has been a longstanding goal of labor regulation. This article presents the trajectory of labor regulation as family regulation. It provides a history of the “decent standards” discourse pertaining to wage and hour regulation, and reveals its double meanings: to provide “decent work” and to promote “decent families.” It terms the goal of providing decent standards of work and wages as “productive decency” and the goals pertaining to family decency, proper gender norms, and sexual purity as “repressive decency.” It shows how labor regulation surprisingly began in the Progressive Era as a means to lower divorce rates by fighting prostitution and address concerns over maternal functions and domestic roles in the family at the beginning of the 20th century, and how it culminated in the New Deal as reproducing the husband-asbreadwinner family model in the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. Despite the notion that federal law does not interfere in the personal relationship between husband and wife in such mundane and private issues as “who does the dishes,” regulating the family has, in fact, been a longstanding goal of labor regulation. Understanding labor regulation as regulating the family

Los inicios de la lucha feminista contra la prostitución : políticas de redefinición y políticas activistas en el sufragismo inglés

Este artículo analiza los inicios del proceso de deslegitimación del conjunto de ideas y creencias que presentan la prostitución como una realidad normal, natural o, en todo caso, como “un mal menor”. Se analiza este proceso en el contexto del sufragismo inglés. Por un lado se reconstruye la genealogía de las ideas críticas que pusieron las bases para deslegitimar la visión tradicional de la prostitución y para comenzar a construir un nuevo marco feminista de interpretación. Por otro lado se analiza el surgimiento y desarrollo del movimiento abolicionista y algunas de sus estrategias y conquistas fundamentales: subir la edad del consentimiento a los 16 años y poner fin a los intentos parlamentarios de reglamentar un mercado de prostitución femenina

Correction: Canada's prostitution legislation

Correction: Canada's prostitution legislation

Rezension zu: Christoph Palmert, Suzan Douma, Matthias Meitzler, Johannes Wahl: Devianz als Alltag. Eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Prostitution, Freiern und Stripclubs im Frankfurter Bahnhofsviertel. Norderstedt: Books on Demand 2009.

The volume at hand contains contributions from four junior scholars who have engaged in a scholarly examination of prostitution carried out in the area surrounding the train station in Frankfurt am Main. As the title of the work suggests, they classify their studies under the category of “deviance” analysis. The methodological approach used – fieldwork – seems entirely appropriate for confronting dominant conceptions of the deviant nature of prostitution with empiricism. Unfortunately, the volume fails to link its ethnographic observations with a scientific analysis of the terms “deviance” and “norms” (and their social construction). Moreover, a consideration of the relationship between space, gender, and politics in light of the special case of prostitution in the area around the Frankfurt train station is sorely missed.

<i>Marked Women: Prostitutes and Prostitution in the Cinema</i> (review)

<i>Marked Women: Prostitutes and Prostitution in the Cinema</i> (review)

Stephanie Budin, The Myth of Sacred Prostitution in Antiquity

Stephanie Budin, The Myth of Sacred Prostitution in Antiquity

Rezension zu: Rebecca Pates, Daniel Schmidt: Die Verwaltung der Prostitution. Eine vergleichende Studie am Beispiel deutscher, polnischer und tschechischer Kommunen. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag 2009.

The publication stemming from the research project “Governing Prostitution” at the University of Leipzig approaches the question as to which problems of definition, categorization, and inventories of knowledge local administrators in Germany, Poland, and the Czech Republic use as a basis for regulating prostitution. The study shows that law not only implements partially autonomous governing acts but also produces them. The monograph enters into uncharted territory with its local focus on the regulation of prostitution as its subject and its state-based ethnographical approach. A little more information as to methodology as well as a more explicit take on the theoretical concepts in the format of the empirical materials would have been desirable.

Amoral Politics, The Fourth Republic And The Future Of Nigeria’s Democratic Project

The political climate in Nigeria since 1999 when the country returned to electoral democracy has been unstable. It has been characterized by electoral violence, ethnic and religious crises, communal clashes, political prostitution and/or vagrancies, and political assassinations, political party disintegration and series of unconstitutional impeachments. These, are both symptoms and consequences of amoral politics. The task in the paper is fourfold: one, the paper argues that politics in Nigeria since 1999, like ever before, is devoid of moral content and that this explains the high level of instability in the polity; second, it identifies and discusses both the symptoms and consequences of amoral politics, third, it explicates the implication of political amorality for democratic consolidation in the country and lastly the paper offers some prescriptions for the sustainability of Nigeria’s democratic project. The paper’s main thesis is that the crisis of governance in Nigeria is a crisis of morality and that democracy cannot thrive in an amoral political milieu.

Prostitution inextricable

prostitution inextricable

Current situation and influential factors concerning the sexual transmission of HIV in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province

To investigate the current situation of the sexual transmission of HIV in Dehong prefecture, analyze the influential factors, and provide support for drafting pertinent preventive interventions in the future. We had analyzed the data of case report from 2005 to 2007, and the prostitutes surveillance data from 2003 to 2007. A special survey was conducted from October 26 to November 7, 2007. Totally 685 people including prostitutes, the clients of prostitutes, people who were HIV positive and their partners, key insiders were interviewed in order to better understand the influential factors related to sexual transmission of HIV. Among 1636 cases reported from January 1 to September 20, 2007, 52% were infected through sexual transmission. Among 586 cases infected through sexual transmission, 40.6% had commercial sexual behavior and 28.6% had unmarried sexual behavior. And the average rate of condom use was below 30%. The prostitutes' surveillance data from 2003 to 2007 showed that the HIV positive rate in prostitutes was 3.3% - 5.5%. The rate of condom use in the last month was 29.4% - 84.4% during commercial sexual activity, but it was 9.5% - 34.8% with fixed sexual partners. Although the rate of HIV and AIDS-related knowledge among prostitutes was 95.0%, there were still many misunderstanding regarding certain aspects of HIV and AIDS awareness. Sexual transmission has become one of the main transmission routes of HIV in Dehong prefecture. The main factors involved in the sexual transmission of HIV in Dehong prefecture might include the wide spreading of sexual services, cohabitation among unmarried couples, having multiple partners, casual sexual behavior, and the low rate of condom use.

Psychodrama impact on the trauma and self-esteem of women experience prostitution

Psychodrama impact on the trauma and self-esteem of women experience prostitution

Between Sex and Money: Review of the Main Interpretations of Prostitution (Spanish)

El presente documento tiene el proposito de reconstruir las principales corrientes y aproximaciones conceptuales acerca del analisis de la prostitucion. El documento se divide en cinco partes. En la primera parte se presentan algunas caracteristicas de la prostitucion. En la segunda parte se expone la interpretacion feminista de la prostitucion. En la tercera parte se expone la interpretacion liberal de la prostitucion. En la cuarta parte se exponen algunas caracteristicas de la estructura del mercado de la prostitucion. En la quinta parte se presentan las conclusiones.

Caracterização e modelo logístico na descrição da hepatite B ou C entre os doadores do Hemocentro Regional de Maringá

This article presents an application for the statistical methods for classified variables, such as association measures and logistic regression, of a comparative study whose objective is to identify risk factors for the hepatitis B or C condition, correcting deficiencies and distortions in the process of clinical screening of candidates to blood donors at Hemocentro Regional de Maringa , in the period from 1993 to 1996. For the logistic regression the detected risk factors were: to have more than three sexual partners and have had unknown partners, homosexual or prostitute. In spite of the model being significant it restricted as for prognosis, once for the classification rule the percentile of successes among the donors with at least one positive serology of hepatitis is low. It was observed that the medical interview in the clinical screening provided a significant contribution to the inaptitude identification.

The Eunuch castrated: Bowdlerization in the text of the Westminster Latin Play

The tradition of annual performances of Latin comedies was particularly strong at Westminster School, London in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when the plays most commonly performed were Terence's Andria, Adelphi, Phormio, and Eu nuchus. It became traditional to omit the most shocking scene in Eunuchus, and after 1854 this play was abandoned altogether, reappearing in 1907 in a cleaned-up version based on one written by Cardinal Newman. From the early 1860s it became standard to doctor the text of all the plays put on, eliminating references to such things as pros titution, rape, and off-stage birth-pangs. This reflected debates over the morality of Terence's plays that had raged all over Europe for several centuries.

THE EFFECTS OF LABOUR MIGRATION ON CHILDREN FROM ROMANIA

effected regions in terms of the labor migration of the parents are in the Western (Banat, Crisana, Maramures) part of the country, where 27% of the total of pupils from gymnasium have their parents abroad, respectively Moldova, where the percent is 25%. According to the residential environments there are no significant differences in terms of persons of children with emigrant parents. However there are some differences in this regard within the regions. Thus in Banat-Crisana, Maramures and in Oltenia the percent of children with migrant parents is higher in urban than in rural. Compared to these regions, in Moldova the rural is much more over representated in terms of the considered phenomenon. According to Suceava News (2007, Febr.) 3,441 children from Suceava have their parents working abroad. This means that 2,443 families from Moldova are affected by the phenomenon. The most extreme case is that of Zvoresea village where more than 160 children are facing the so called “orphans with parents” situation meaning that their parents in most of the cases their mothers are working in Italy and Spain. Similar cases are in Marginea - 151 children, Satu Mare (133), Bosanci (120), Radauti (108) Fratautii Noi (108), Frasin (89), Horodnic de Sus (85), Udesti (81), Cajvana (77). In most of the cases parental migration determines the rising of the economical life quality of the family. Beyond the economical well-being, children form migrant families have been taken more frequently part in international trips, compared to other children. Psychological theories as well as our experience as psychologists and social workers indicate that on the foundation of these various types of neglect, children may develop several forms of specific psycho-behavioral manifestations which according to Social Alternatives Association (2007) are referring to: deterioration of school behavior, feeling of insecurity, sadness, anxiety, depression, attitudes of indifference, frustration, aggressive behavior, perturbation in attention (problems with concentration), lack of long-term aspirations (children can not project themselves towards the future or have unrealistic aspirations based on cognitive distortions of the actual reality), perturbation of self-esteem (sub- or supra-appreciation of the self), frustration, lack of motivation, apathy, tiredness, difficulties in adaptation, pre(delinquent) behaviors, suicidal behavior (exogenous reactive suicide). These behaviors and attitudes are strongly connected and are the results of those risks towards which such children are exposed: overwhelming duties, vulnerability towards, physical, sexual, psychical abuses; exploitation through work, trafficking and prostitution, insufficient development of those abilities which are necessary for dealing with certain everyday difficulties, insufficient knowledge of the ethical and moral norms, early debut of sexual life.