Prospects For Women Research Articles

SAUDI WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS IN HEALTH CARE SECTOR: BARRIERS TO THEIR SUCCESS

Purpose: Women’s leadership is a necessary step in the development of civilization. However, the purpose of this study is to identify the barriers and challenges facing Saudi Arabian women seeking leadership positions in the health care industry. Theoretical Framework: The model's constructs are based on the studies cited, and they include barriers related to culture, a woman's personality, organizational politics, women's empowerment, and male top management discrimination. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used a survey to collect data from 459 female was chosen for the study and a sample comprised of female employees in the Saudi privet healthcare sector from all the regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.. Using smart PLS, was employed to analyses the research data. Findings: The findings and the results of the analysis indicates that the dimensions of the model included Male top management discrimination, Culture, woman’s personalities, and organizational politics exert different influences on women's empowerment. we find Measuring the effect of moderating factors (The Male top management discrimination) indicates has the strongest effect on Culture and women's empowerment in the Saudi healthcare sector. Research, Practical & Social Implications: As a result, this study has deepened our understanding of the dynamic nature of women's empowerment and the challenges facing women's prospects for leadership while also helping to reframe gender roles. According to this study, women should receive leadership training in order to improve their capacity for decision-making, fulfill their organizational obligations, and expand the opportunities for women's empowerment. Originality/Value: The degree to which Saudi citizens are willing to change their opinions of women's leadership and personalities; to end practices that support male dominance and oppression of women; to end discriminatory laws and policies that impede women's career advancement; and to place their faith in a woman's self-assurance and ability to make the right decisions and shoulder the responsibility in healing.

Women entrepreneurs in transport family business: a perspective article

PurposeThis paper underscores the importance of conducting studies that examine the experiences of women transport entrepreneurs within the context of the intersectionality of patriarchal culture, the challenges posed by insufficient infrastructure on business operations and the dominance of the male-dominated transport industry.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a concise literature review.FindingsThe intersectionality of these factors significantly influences women's prospects, opportunities and barriers as they navigate the entrepreneurial realm within the transportation sector. Understanding these complexities is essential to devise targeted strategies and policies that foster gender equality, promote inclusive economic growth and empower women entrepreneurs in this vital industry.Originality/valueThis paper synthesises existing research on family business, entrepreneurship and business operations in Africa.Contribution to impactThis article has the potential to empower women in family-owned transportation businesses, promoting gender diversity and inclusivity. It achieves this by highlighting and encouraging women's leadership, leveraging their unique strengths, and fostering education and mentorship. As a result, the research is expected to drive industry growth, enhance customer satisfaction, and cultivate a more collaborative work culture. This emerging research is anticipated to transform these businesses, enabling women to become progressive leaders, thereby ensuring sustained success and fostering innovation in the transportation sector.

Prospects for Women in Journalism in Bangladesh

This study explores the Women journalists’ contributing to the society for economic prosperity and changing the attitude towards the concept of the process of development in Bangladesh. They are protecting and talking outside when facing any discrimination in their journalistic profession. Despite the barriers, women journalists are showing strong interest in journalism as a career. The findings show that women journalists are facing many barriers like family pressure, societal problem, pay‑allowances, gender discrimination, sexual harassment and even lack of workplace. It is possible to survive if you have passion, professionalism, and love to this profession. In recent time Bangladesh is encouraging her women to work outside of home. Currently a significant change has come into the social attitude which is represented by women’s advancement in journalism sector of Bangladesh. This study uses survey questionnaire from 120 female journalists in television, online and print media journalists to find out a fruitful result.

Hindu Personal Laws in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects of Women’s Rights

Hindu Personal Laws in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects of Women’s Rights

Examining the Challenges and Prospects of Women’s Political empowerment in Cameroon Democratic Process

Democratic governance in most nation-states across the globe has seemingly not been able to maximally address the widespread marginalization, and exclusion of women in decision-making processes and administration in mainstream democratic activities. In Cameroon, the narrative has remained the same amidst the low rate of women’s ascension into key political offices. This paper examines Cameroonian women’s political empowerment vis-à-vis their capacities to influence state power amidst constitutional provisions and public policies which guarantee women’s political rights. The paper argues that the lopsided institutional framework, deep-rooted traditional and cultural barriers exacerbated by poor funding, rough political terrain, and socioeconomic underdevelopment promote women’s political disempowerment. Using context analysis the correlation between the variables was determined. Situating its argument within the participatory democracy approach and power theory the findings reveal that women have not advanced to a level where many of them who are academically and professionally qualified can be elected to high executive positions. The paper concludes that the massive mobilization of women into civic activities and political engagement resulting in women’s sponsorship of choice candidates in political parties and beyond is a prerequisite for Cameroonian women’s political empowerment.

A Theoretical Framework for Strengthening Women “Employment” Opportunities in Digital Technologies in Saudi Arabia

Digital technology is revolutionising employment, creating new job opportunities while disrupting traditional occupations. Few studies, however, have examined the impact of technology on women’s employment in developing countries. There is a scarcity of literature on employment opportunities arising from the digitalization of economies for women in Arab countries, especially in Saudi Arabia. In this study, the major theories suggesting the applications and construction of technological knowledge and skills for improving the prospects of women’s employment in digital technologies are presented. Numerous theories reviewed have emphasized the urgency of digital skills and competencies for enabling women to harness the job opportunities due to deployment of digital technologies, but they have not provided the mechanisms and ways to achieve the increased competencies and subsequently increased participation level in the labour markets in general, and in the labour market of Saudi Arabia in particular. Thus, the impact of digital technologies on the employment opportunities in digital technologies for women in Saudi Arabia need to be further assessed, since the unique political, social and economic characteristics of the state compound may contribute to employment opportunities and barriers against the successful participation of Saudi women in the labour market. This paper therefore highlights on the need for adoption of relevant approaches to address the research issue relating to the impact of digital technologies on the women’s employment in Saudi Arabia. This study should therefore serves as guide for identifying areas of research needs in relation to factors that are necessary for increasing women’s employment opportunities resulting from proliferation of digital technologies in Saudi Arabia and elsewhere.

Women’s Football Prospects in City of Zadar and Zadar County

The research conducted is focused on status and prospects of women’s football in the city of Zadar and Zadar County. Since football is the most famous sport in the world, and thus also in the mentioned area, it transcends the category of sport. The concept of sport is not unambiguous and it has no unique generally accepted definition. The aim of the research was to determine the satisfaction of the respondents with the status and popularity of women’s football in the city of Zadar and Zadar County.The research used a method of survey and a suitable questionnaire in order to investigate satisfaction of respondents with social status of women’s football in the city of Zadar and Zadar County. The respondents included 78 sports employees, coaches and players of women’s football from the city of Zadar and Zadar County area. The aim of this research is to establish the level of satisfaction of the respondents with social status of women’s football and the level of its popularity growth in the city of Zadar and Zadar County. Moreover, the aim is also to establish the level of socialization of such population achieved by participating in women’s football. According to this research it is possible to confirm the hypothesis that participants are not completely satisfied with social status and the popularity growth of women’s football in the city of Zadar and Zadar County and that the level of socialization is improved by participating in such activity.

Women in Prisons

Before being locked up, incarcerated women are more marginalized, have higher rates of mental illness and substance misuse, and have more often experienced physical or sexual victimization than incarcerated men. Women experience prison differently. However, much of what we know about women’s experiences comes from research in the United States and the United Kingdom, providing little insight into women prisoners’ experiences elsewhere. This is unfortunate for many reasons; policy makers wishing to develop evidence-based initiatives, for example, cannot know whether what seems to work in one place is appropriate in another. Case studies from Canada, Norway, and Mexico reveal similarities and substantial differences in women’s experiences. Incarcerated women in all three places have histories of victimization and identify their children as their primary motivator to desist from crime and drug use. However, how they relate to programming, prison work, accommodation, and prison food varies greatly. How women in these three different countries experience imprisonment is related to conditions of their lives outside of prison and to the nature, extent, and quality of available social welfare services. Researchers need to pay much closer attention to geographical and contextual differences when assessing the conditions, challenges, and prospects of women in prisons.

Nutrition-sensitive Food Systems: Brief Perspectives

Food systems – covering the ‘production to the plate’ chain – comprise food production, processing, marketing, utilization, and consumption. It facilitates peoples’ access to nutritious food in an adequate amount and variety necessary for maintaining a healthy life, irrespective of age, gender, culture, and social stratum. Food systems also address people’s access to information to facilitate their informed choice of food. To this end, food system elements and nutrition have linkages that offer opportunities for policy priorities, programs, and strategies. The trends in hunger and food insecurity, dietary consumption, and malnutrition appear to vary across the globe amidst the recurrent effects of global warming and socio-political crises which pose challenges for many developing countries to achieve the SDG 2.1 target. There is a need for strengthening the linkages between sustainable healthy diets for nutrition and between food systems and nutrition along with addressing the alterations in food systems amidst urbanization and diet changes. Policy actions should leverage nutrition sensitive agriculture and food systems with prospects for women, small holder farmers, and communities to improve diets and nutrition. Bangladesh J. Nutr. Vol. 34, December 2020, P: 25-39

Women in Igbo traditional religion and politics: prospects for women’s political leadership role in Nigeria

The struggle for political visibility, participation, and leadership of women has been a recurrent issue in all societies, including the most developed democracies. Whereas an appreciable improvement has been recorded in many western countries, Africa still ranks low generally as far as gender inclusivity in political leadership is concerned. Some scholars on Igbo society and culture cling to the popular opinion of blaming this scenario on colonialism. Such scholars usually paint an image of an ideal, precolonial, egalitarian Igbo society where women were more or less accorded more political and leadership space than in the present. In their opinion, reclaiming the past is a sure way to better gender inclusivity in politics. This paper is designed to interrogate critically such images of the past Igbo society. The author approaches the paper with the belief that such romantic view of the past, if not cautiously guided and critically appraised, may well result in nostalgia for a past that never was. The paper aims at hermeneutical-critical reading of women’s visibility and/or invisibility in the pre-colonial Igbo political leadership landscape, with the view of presenting a possible link of the present situation with the past, as well as tracing from this a path for the future of women’s political visibility, participation, and leadership in Nigeria.
 Keywords: Igbo, women, politics, leadership, colonialism

EMPIRICAL REVIEW OF WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN SOME AGRICULTURAL SUB-SECTORS OF THE GLOBE

The study reviewed empirical studies on women participation in some agricultural sub-sectors of the globe. The sub-sectors considered in the study were crop production, livestock production and aquaculture. The study expressly disclosed that women are great assets for agriculture and if given adequate opportunity could be of great help in the achievement of food and nutrition security furthering in the adaptation and mitigation of climate change. Despite the prospects of women, their participation in the various agricultural sub-sectors is hindered by inadequate access to finance, inputs, extension services, market linkages, training and workshop amongst others. The study observed that women participated in crop, livestock and aquaculture enterprises but on a small scale producing mainly for household consumption, even though majority of the women studied by the researchers lacked formal education. The study, therefore, concluded that agricultural productivity can be improved if the gender gap between men and women was closed. The study recommended that women farmers should be involved in the decision-making processes and they should actively participate in the establishment of agricultural policies and programs both at the State, national and international levels.

PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH YANG BERNILAI EKONOMI DAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL

The purpose of this study is to determine women's participation in waste management that has economic value and based on local wisdom, but also to find out the factors that cause women to process and use waste. This research is important to do because there is still a lack of environmental management by utilizing waste of economic value This study was conducted using a qualitative approach, in the form of embedded case studies. The focus of the study is the process and prospects for women's empowerment in Sitimulyo Village, Piyungan District, Bantul Regency, DIY. Data were collected by interview method and analyzed using interactive analysis methods The results showed that the form of women's participation in environmental improvement took the form of donating voluntary labor and participating in waste management. Factors that cause mothers to process waste to create a cleaner environment and increase the family economy. Organic waste management is composted, while for inorganic waste various forms of handicraft and various household equipment are made. Waste management activities are carried out by utilizing local potential, the waste management that is carried out can familiarize the mothers and economically can improve the welfare of the family.

Women candidates, women voters, and the gender politics of India’s 2019 parliamentary election

ABSTRACT Gender quota campaigns to increase women’s parliamentary presence in India have been ongoing for more than twenty years. Meanwhile, each general election results in the slow growth of women MPs, partly due to political parties nominating few women. The 2019 election was no different in this respect –women still make up fewer than 15% of lower house MPs. Incidents of gendered violence against women candidates also contributed to a characterisation of 2019 as a ‘toxic’ election, and will likely further discourage women’s entry into politics. One positive development, however, was two regional parties’ implementation of voluntary party gender quotas in their parliamentary candidate nominations. This article focuses on women’s political participation as candidates and voters in the 2019 parliamentary election. Parties are scrutinised as key gatekeepers for women’s political recruitment. The article also discusses the new narrative of the growing power of women voters in India, exemplified by closing gender gaps in voter turnout, and representing another aspect of women’s political engagement, potentially influencing parties’ responsiveness to women voters. The article concludes by discussing the broader implications and significance of the 2019 election, areas for further research, and prospects for women’s participation and representation in the new parliament.

An Assessment of Challenges and Prospects of the Women’s Entrepreneurs in Hawassa City, Southern Nation Nationalities and People, Ethiopia

Women entrepreneur plays a decisive role in the economic and social development of the country. In spite of their position still, they are facing a range of challenges like lack of access to capital, inadequate managerial and marketing skills and their contribution is not yet recognized. Thus, this study aimed to assess the challenges and prospects of women's entrepreneur in Hawassa city. A graphic research design was conducted. Simple random sampling was used to select 42 women out of the total population. Both primary and secondary source of data was used. Primary data was collected using a scheduled questionnaire and structured interview. Regular supervision and follow up was made. The SPSS software version 20 was used to code, compile, and analyze data. Multivariate analysis was used to see the effect of the independent variable on the outcome variable. The finding of the study found that poor managerial and marketing skills, inexperience, and insufficient business related training were among the significant hampers of women entrepreneurs in Hawassa city. The result of the study also showed that educational background, market problem, lack of premises and lack of collateral were strongly associated with women entrepreneur at a p-value less than 0.05. Women who have collateral to access credit were about four times more likely to participate in business than women who do not have collateral (AOR 3.914 (95% CI ((0.370-41.394). Thus, it is recommended that the government should work to strengthen women entrepreneur via providing various skills training, finance support, business-oriented information and advising services. Keywords : Women, entrepreneur, challenges, prospects, Hawassa, Ethiopia. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-10-04 Publication date: April 30 th 2020

Role of Constitution in Women Empowerment in Corporate Sector

India is the largest democratic country in the world, with a population size of 125 crores. The Indian women, however, face innumerable problems at home and in society since their childhood. The most common and unfortunate trait of Indian society is that the girls need only basic levels of education and awareness so that they teach their children after their marriage. The girls in India are encouraged to learn dance, music, child education and an art of cooking at home. The hidden talents of the Indian women are buried under the disguise of House Wife. The present study explores the factors which inhibit the growth and the prospects of women in India. It urges the strong need of the constitutional amendments which facilitate the growth of the women in the areas of education, sports, industry, science and technology. A conceptual model is developed to boost up the Indian economy through the women empowerment. The statistical methods used in the study include Percentages and Mean and Weighted Averages.

Отставка профессора Московского университета П. Г. Виноградова после конфликта с министром народного просвещения П. С. Ванновским в 1901 г.: источниковедческий аспект

1901 was a turning point in the life of the world-famous Russian and British historian and lawyer P. G. Vinogradov. As a result of a clash with P. S. Vannovsky, Minister of National Enlightenment, he resigned and left Russia for England. The reason for the conflict was different assessment of the role of the Moscow University student year meetings for university management by the professor and the minister. The year meetings were held in October-November 1901 in order to discuss V. P. Meshchersky’s mocking article on the prospects of women’s university education in Russia, which caused a public outcry. A commission headed by P. G. Vinogradoff conducted the meetings. The minister, when arriving in Moscow, complained that the commission was headed by a professor, not the rector. Behind his displeasure was a deeper discrepancy in understanding of the university autonomy and role of professors. P. G. Vinogradoff expressed the opinion of the liberal part of Russian professorship. He believed it possible to form student self-government under the guidance of professors, which implied the independence of the professorship. A new university charter was to restore the university autonomy. P. S. Vannovsky defended the principle of subordination of professors to the authorities, whose policies they were to conduct as civil servants. It was natural for him to send the professor back to the university without any guarantees of changes in the university management. The conflict of interests was clearly revealed in the correspondence between P. G. Vinogradoff and P. S. Vannovsky. In this conflict, students supported P. G. Vinogradoff, as evidenced by the addresses published here, which they handed to the professor after the news spread about his departure from the Moscow University. These documents point to formation of student solidarity and possibility of combining of efforts of professors and students in their struggle to restore the university autonomy.

Assessing the Hindrances and Prospects of Women’s Entrepreneurship Development: The Case of Hosaena Town, Hadya Zone, SNNP, Ethiopia

Women’s entrepreneurship is considered to have a noteworthy part in economic development. The issue of women empowerment has been important for Governments and other non-governmental organizations. Both primary and secondary data was collected. The result of the study indicates that women entrepreneurs are exposed to various obstacles in the area of economy such as: limited access to loan and finance, difficulties in accessing markets, the lack of own land and inheritance, and difficulties in accessing raw materials. The main difficulties identified by women entrepreneurs in the area of legal and administrative functions in the survey are: high interest rates, high taxes, difficulties in getting a loan, insufficient support from Governmental and Financial institutions, and the lack of possibility to influence policy making. In relation to social and cultural factors, results from the survey are ambiguous. The government should create gender- neutral laws and policies to create a stimulating environment for potential women entrepreneurs. Therefore, government should offer different forms of support to women entrepreneurs such as: tax incentives and grants for starting a business. Additional effort should be directed to increase the quality of existing support to entrepreneurship development as well to designing new programs that would better alleviate the obstacles identified in this study.

Violation of Dignity and Life: Challenges and Prospects for Women and Girls with Albinism in Sub-Saharan Africa

The mythology of most African societies includes the belief in patriarchy and primogeniture, holding the view that succession and the continuity of family lineage are only possible through the males. As such, women are considered inferior to men and often treated with prejudice. Albinism is also treated with prejudice in African societies. This includes the belief that sexual intercourse with a woman or a girl with albinism can cure serious infections like HIV/AIDS. Thus, in addition to common forms of discrimination and abuse suffered by women in Sub-Saharan Africa, those with albinism are particularly vulnerable to rape and sexual violation. In extreme cases, especially in East and Central Africa; these women and other persons with albinism are kidnapped for sacrifice or ritual purposes. Their vital organs are harvested for preparing “charms” for magic and spiritual powers. In other cases, they are simply murdered to ensure that they do not procreate. This paper explores common myth-based violations against women with albinism in Africa. It argues that these women suffer the tragedy of double prejudice and special violations to dignity and life, contrary to standard templates of international human rights. It then suggests specific measures for dealing with these violations at all levels: societal, municipal, regional, and international. Significantly, the paper raises global consciousness on the persecution of minorities, especially women and girls with albinism in Africa.

Challenges and Opportunities for Women in Science: A Conversation across Disciplines

Gender gaps in the academic Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) labor market have been called out for at least two decades. And yet, our understanding of the challenges remains fragmented. A central contention that remains, for example, is to what degree women's under-representation stems from choice or structural constraints. Opportunities for improving women's prospects in STEM fields appear, perhaps as a corollary, even less well documented and articulated. In this symposium, we engage scholars across the disciplines of economics, management, psychology, and sociology in a discourse on the challenges and opportunities for women in STEM. We include five empirical papers that address questions rooted in potential challenges, like gendered career choices and biased credit allocation, and surface sex differences in teaming and in the pursuit of science more generally that could hold opportunities for addressing aspects of the gender gap. Following the presentations, Alice Eagly and Olav Sorenson will serve as discussants, providing a synthesis of the papers and offering further theoretical insights into potential mechanisms that may produce the observed phenomena. Set on Different Paths? Gender Differences in PhD Experiences and Career Goals Presenter: Henry Sauermann; ESMT European School of Management and Technology Presenter: Michael Roach; Cornell Gender Differences in Recognition for Group Work Presenter: Heather Sarsons; Harvard U. Team Selection, Productivity, and the Gender Gap in Science Presenter: Marc Lerchenmueller; Yale U. Presenter: Karin Hoisl; Mannheim U. Presenter: Leo Schmallenbach; Mannheim U. Sex Differences in How Scientists Present the Importance of Their Research Presenter: Marc Lerchenmueller; Yale U. Presenter: Anupam Jena; Harvard Medical School Presenter: Olav Sorenson; Yale U. Gender Differences in Publications and Patenting: Does Scientific Style Matter? Presenter: Isabel Fernandez-Mateo; London Business School Presenter: Michael A. Bikard; London Business School

Political battlefield: aggressive metaphors, gender, and power in news coverage of Canadian party leadership contests

ABSTRACTOur study analyzed aggressive figures of speech used by the Globe and Mail to describe the personas, performances, and prospects of women and men leadership candidates for the (Progressive) Conservative Party of Canada in 1976, 1993, and 2004. We codified four distinct forms of power communicated by the aggressive metaphors—power over, power to, power with, and power as—to investigate what these battleground metaphors communicate about gender and political power. Our content analysis and discourse analysis of the phrases applied to each of the candidates revealed gendered assumptions about political leadership. All three women candidates in our study—Flora MacDonald (1976), Kim Campbell (1993), and Belinda Stronach (2004)—were discussed as formidable foes, capable of using considerable force in their efforts to win. Indeed, Campbell became Canada’s first and only woman prime minister. Yet, much of the aggressive mediation confirms the gendered mediation thesis that aggressive metaphors exclude women and reconstitute politics as masculine. Many of the combative phrases cast doubt on a woman candidate’s ability to successfully compete on the political battlefield.