Prospective Partners Research Articles

The effects of multimarket contact on partner selection for technology cooperation

AbstractResearch summaryWe investigate how multimarket contact between prospective partners affects their partner selection for technology cooperation. Drawing on the multimarket competition literature, we argue that multimarket contact generates mutual forbearance from opportunism by enabling broad retaliation across the shared markets against opportunism. As a result, multimarket contact between potential partners makes them prefer each other as partners for technology cooperation. We also claim that this positive effect of multimarket contact on the formation of cooperative agreements is more pronounced when the partners have reciprocal contacts rather than nonreciprocal ones.Managerial summaryThis article explains one of the reasons why rival firms can be good partners to each other for technology cooperation. Managers might conjecture that firms tend to avoid partnering with rival firms for R&D because they may be more opportunistic than those without product market overlap. However, our theory suggests a counter‐intuitive argument that market overlap between partners rather deters them from engaging in opportunistic behaviors because market overlap enables them to broadly retaliate against such behaviors across the shared product markets. Consistent with this idea, our empirical results show that global top 200 biopharmaceutical companies are more likely to choose each other for technology cooperation as they share more product markets and this tendency is reinforced when their important markets are different.

MEMILIH CALON PASANGAN SUAMI-ISTRI DALAM PERKAWINAN ISLAM

Marriage guidance in Islam starts with an explanation of how to choose a potential mate before knitting a marriage bond. Many people observe that the guidance given by Islam is only oriented to the fulfillment of the spiritual aspects and ignores the material aspects which are the means of human life, especially the fulfillment of mental or psychological aspects. This study seeks to analyze the criteria for choosing prospective marriage partners in Islam through the perspective of the psychology of Islamic families. As a new theory, Islamic family psychology has considerable urgency in interpreting the Shari'a rules on family law in a more humane manner, and at the same time to identify mental phenomena that affect the achievement of the objectives of Islamic marriage law. The results of this study state that from a psychological perspective, criteria for choosing a potential partner in an Islamic marriage are still quite relevant and truly influence one's personality in the course of a married life. Actualization of the candidates to choose the candidate pair includes judgments: (1) material aspects in the form of wealth ma> liyyah), social status (h {asabiyyah), beauty or good looks (jasadiyyah); (2) spiritual aspects in the form of a prospective partner's religion; and (3) aspects of comparability or kafa>, especially the perspective and life mission of the prospective spouse.

Бизнес-презентации как ключевой инструмент выхода на зарубежные рынки российских предприятий

The paper features the phenomenon of business presentation as an indispensable tool that can allow foreign trade companies to enter the foreign market. Each stage of this technological process requires a business presentation for every format of interaction with a potential foreign partner. A well-made presentation of a company, product, service, or project facilitates the search and retention of a prospective partner. It is a go-to tool used on various interaction platforms, e.g. fairs, exhibitions, business missions, conferences, business meetings, negotiations, etc. The paper defines the basic types of business presentations: company presentation, product/service, business project presentation, and commercial offer presentation. The article presents the key aspects of preparing for an effective business presentation aimed at foreign companies. When preparing a presentation for a business event, one has to plan in advance how the main elements will constitute the presentation as a whole. The "presentation field" consists of the space (external and internal environment) and the "main actors" involved in the presentation of goods or services. The prospect of further cooperation with foreign companies depends on how the Russian company analyses the ability to attract potential partners, prepares for the event, and selects the format of presentation.

The Legacy of Conflict on Trade Negotiations

The world has witnessed an unprecedented proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) since the early 1990s, which has prompted a heated debate among trade economists and policymakers about the implications of RTAs for the multilateral trading system. Besides the standard economic gains from regional integration, RTAs can produce significant political gains for their member countries, chief among which is the reduction in interstate conflict between RTA members (peace-creation effect). Thus, depending on the RTA in question, economic integration and peace solidification can both occupy center stage on the agenda of the prospective RTA partners during the trade negotiations, affecting their duration. It is well known that the duration of negotiations across RTAs differs substantially, but this phenomenon has not received much attention in the literature. In this paper, we explore for the first time the legacy of past conflict on RTA negotiations. Using a unique dataset on the history of formation of a large number of RTAs (Tabakis and Zanardi, 2018) as well as data on conflict from the Correlates of War project and by employing survival analysis techniques, we found that country pairs with history of conflict conclude their trade negotiations relatively faster—1.5 to 2.2 times faster in comparison with country pairs with no history of conflict. The result has implications for firms’ investment decision and the role of politics in RTAs negotiation.

Penerapan Manajemen Kredit Pada Program Kemitraan Dan Bina Lingkungan (Pkbl) Pt Pelindo II Cabang Palembang Melalui Karakter, Kondisi Usaha, Jaminan dan Penyebab Lainnya

Corporate Social Responsibility Program of PT PELINDO II Branch Palembang is a program to improve the ability of small businesses to become strong and independent through the use of funds from the profits of PT PELINDO II BranchPalembang. The purpose of this research was to determine the application of credit management in the corporate social responsibility program(PKBL) PT. PELINDO II (Persero) Branch Palembang through character, business conditions, guarantees and other causes. The research methodology used in this research was to distribute questionnaires to 34 fostered partners, 1 PKBL employee and 1 supervisor. The results of the study show that the character of the fostered partners is of the opinion that PT. PELINDO II branch Palembang will not suffer losses even if the credit received is not returned. Seen from the questionnaire sample where 30 fostered partners (88.2%) strongly agree that if the PKBL credit loan is not returned, PT. PELINDO II branch Palembang has nothing to lose, so it has a big role in causing a large amount of arrears. Suggestions for further research are eliminating miscommunication with fostered partners, coordinating with other state-owned enterprises, conducting surveys of fostered partners, making effective visits to fostered partner locations and selection of prospective foster partners must be done correctly and transparently.

Mild-severe hemophilia B impacts relationships of US adults and children with hemophilia B and their families: results from the B-HERO-S study.

BackgroundThe B-HERO-S study evaluated the impact of mild to severe hemophilia B on the lives of affected adults and children. Here, we assessed the impact of hemophilia B on relationships.MethodsUS adults with hemophilia B and caregivers of affected children completed separate online surveys that included questions regarding impact of the disease on interpersonal relationships.ResultsMost (88%) of the 299 adults completing the survey had mild to moderate hemophilia B. Of those, 54% were married or in a long-term relationship, and 44% were single. Most adults (87%) reported that hemophilia affected their ability to form close relationships with partners or prospective partners; 35% were very/quite dissatisfied with the support received from a previous partner. Nearly all participants (98%) were very/quite satisfied with the support received from their current partner. Most were very/quite satisfied with the support from family (87%) and friends (96%). Most participants reported a negative reaction or experience as a result of disclosing their hemophilia (friend/colleague/employer, 76%/80%/82%, respectively). Of 150 caregivers of children with mostly mild to moderate hemophilia (74%), 89% were married or in a long-term relationship, and most felt very well/quite supported by their partner (98%) and family (92%). Most felt very/quite satisfied with the support of teachers (94%), children at school (80%), and other adults in regular contact (72%). Most caregivers reported negative experiences telling a friend (76%) or having their child tell a friend (69%) about the child’s hemophilia; 43% reported that their child was bullied because of his/her hemophilia.ConclusionAlthough the impact of severe hemophilia on relationships has been reported in HERO and other studies, B-HERO-S suggested that mild to moderate hemophilia B also significantly influences relationships of affected men/women and boys/girls, especially in disclosing their diagnosis, selecting a partner, and feeling bullied by peers/colleagues.

The Iddah Period as a Reason for Cancellation of Marriage

The iddah period is a waiting period that applies to a woman whose marriage is broken legally through a divorce or physically through the death of a husband. Any woman who has not had a prior marriage must observe the iddah period. As one of the legal conditions of marriage, failure to complete the iddah period can result in the cancellation of any secondary marriages. In this study, judges release a verdict in accordance with the laws and legislation of Indonesia, namely Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage and a compilation of Islamic law found in Al-Qur'an and Hadith. This article uses legal research based on positive laws including judicial decision. This study concluded that if a marriage is prohibited for a failure to satisfy the condition of iddah, that marriage must be canceled. This article employs statute and conceptual approaches to legal research, as well as case study methodology, with the aim of departing from the views and doctrines that develop in law in order to build a legal argument that addresses legal issues. Analyzing the Decision of the Mojokerto Religious Court Number 1365/Pdt.G/2014/PA.Mr, this study argues that prospective spouses are responsible for awareness of their prospective partners’ marriage eligibility and fulfillment of all requirements, material and formal, clearly stipulated in state and religious law.
 Keywords: Iddah, Islamic Law, Marriage Cancellation

EFEKTIVITAS KONSELING DAN TES HIV (KTHIV) BERDASARKAN PERMENKES NOMOR 21 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG PENANGGULANGAN HIV DAN AIDS DI PUSKESMAS KABUPATEN CILACAP

Abstract This study goals to know and analyze the effectiveness of Consolidating Effectiveness and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Test implementation on Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome prevention in the health public center in the Cilacap and to know and analyze the problem and find the solutions by doctors in the handling of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Cilacap Health Public Center. This research uses sociological juridical approach. The data research get from interviews with the Head of Public Health Center in Cilacap and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Counseling and Testing Team and also collecting the Constitution, documentation, literature, and internet access in Related issues with the health law. The data will be analyzed using deductive method. Based on the discussion and the data of research can be concluded that: First, Human Immunodeficiency Virus counseling at Cilacap public health center has been effective. It can be see from the existence of Counseling activities (prevention), preventive (checking Human Immunodeficiency Virus for Pregnancy period and Prospective marriage partner, doing filter test for the donation of blood and using a sterile tools in medical treatment), curative (Care and treatment of Sufferers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ) at the Health Public Center based on the Regulation of Health Minister N umber 2 1 of 201 3 about the Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome to reduce morbidity, mortality, limiting the infection and the complication semination in order to the epidemic does not extend to other areas and to reduce the negative impact from this virus. The Cilacap government also make the regulation Number 2 of 2015 about Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome prevention, which organize Pregnancy period and Prospective marriage partner should take a part the Human Immuno deficiency Virus test and counseling in the health care facility. Second, the problem and the solutions of Human Immunideficiency Virus Counseling and Testing in Cilacap Public Health Center it include health officer element (less the Counseling and Testing Team) so it is necessary to make another new Team, the Regulation Factor (no sanction or punishment if it refuse the test) so we need the regulation obviously, there is no private room for Counseling and Testing of Human Immunodeficiency Virus test in public health centers Keywords: Counseling, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Â

On the Nature and Focus of Joint Combat Training Events Between the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the Armed Forces of India and Pakistan1

ABSTRACTThe composition of participants in the combined training exercises (CTXs) conducted by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation with foreign armed forces points to prospective, preferential, and priority partners of Russia in the field of defense and security cooperation.When staging CTXs, the Russian military, along with professional tasks, has to take note of the difficult relations between its foreign partners, of which India and Pakistan are a good example.Whereas India is a long-standing partner of Russia, Pakistan only recently aspired to develop comprehensive cooperation with Moscow. Moreover, Pakistan is a key regional partner of China, which Russia cannot ignore. Finally, the development of relations with Pakistan balances India’s possible bias toward the United States.

Making Sure You See the Real Me: The Role of Self-Esteem in Spontaneous Self-Expansion

People alter their self-concepts by incorporating attributes of close others, such as desired romantic partners, into their own identity. The current research examined self-esteem as a moderator of this spontaneous self-expansion. Two studies tested the hypothesis that when presented with a prospective romantic partner, higher self-esteem people (HSE) would self-expand to adopt positive attributes, while lower self-esteem people (LSE) would self-expand to adopt negative attributes. This tendency corresponds with people’s desire to self-verify and be seen by others in line with their own self-views, which are often negative among those lower in self-esteem. Study 1 (n = 218) and Study 2 (n = 234) confirmed our predictions that when motivated to increase romantic closeness to a prospective partner, self-esteem differentially predicts people’s spontaneous self-expansion to adopt positive versus negative attributes.

Do Dogs Prefer Helpers in an Infant-Based Social Evaluation Task?

Social evaluative abilities emerge in human infancy, highlighting their importance in shaping our species' early understanding of the social world. Remarkably, infants show social evaluation in relatively abstract contexts: for instance, preferring a wooden shape that helps another shape in a puppet show over a shape that hinders another character (Hamlin et al., 2007). Here we ask whether these abstract social evaluative abilities are shared with other species. Domestic dogs provide an ideal animal species in which to address this question because this species cooperates extensively with conspecifics and humans and may thus benefit from a more general ability to socially evaluate prospective partners. We tested dogs on a social evaluation puppet show task originally used with human infants. Subjects watched a helpful shape aid an agent in achieving its goal and a hinderer shape prevent an agent from achieving its goal. We examined (1) whether dogs showed a preference for the helpful or hinderer shape, (2) whether dogs exhibited longer exploration of the helpful or hinderer shape, and (3) whether dogs were more likely to engage with their handlers during the helper or hinderer events. In contrast to human infants, dogs showed no preference for either the helper or the hinderer, nor were they more likely to engage with their handlers during helper or hinderer events. Dogs did spend more time exploring the hindering shape, perhaps indicating that they were puzzled by the agent's unhelpful behavior. However, this preference was moderated by a preference for one of the two shapes, regardless of role. These findings suggest that, relative to infants, dogs show weak or absent social evaluative abilities when presented with abstract events and point to constraints on dogs' abilities to evaluate others' behavior.

Female cuticular hydrocarbons can signal indirect fecundity benefits in an insect.

Male choosiness of prospective female mating partners provides an increasingly recognized pathway through which males can increase their fitness. For example, males may increase their number of offspring by targeting more fecund females as mating partners. If fecundity is heritable, males that mate with more fecund females can also receive the indirect benefit of more fecund daughters. In species where female fecundity is not directly assessable, female ornaments may act as signals of fecundity. However, whether female ornaments reliably signal the indirect benefit of more fecund daughters is not well understood. We investigated this question using the field cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus. Previous work had identified the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile as a female sexual display trait in T. oceanicus. To examine whether CHCs can provide a reliable signal of fecundity, we tested whether individual CHC compounds and the first principal axis of CHC variation (PC1) are genetically correlated with ovary mass, a reliable proxy for fecundity in this species. We found significant genetic correlations between ovary mass and three individual CHC compounds, as well as PC1. This result indicates that by targeting females as mating partners based on their CHC profile, males can sire more fecund daughters.

"What Makes Us Strong?": Dyadic Coping in Italian Prospective Adoptive Couples.

Becoming an adoptive parent is a particularly stressful transition, given the additional challenges couples have to face. Dyadic coping, an under-investigated dimension in the adoption literature, may play a relevant role for prospective adoptive couples’ ability to better cope with the adoptive process. The general aim of the present study was to investigate the association between dyadic coping and relationship functioning, in terms of relationship satisfaction and couple generativity, among prospective adoptive couples. Participants were 103 prospective adoptive couples pursuing international adoption in Italy. Couples were asked to fill in a self-report questionnaire. Results of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model showed that prospective adoptive partners reported high levels of positive and common dyadic coping and low levels of negative dyadic coping – suggesting partners’ ability to successfully cope together with a common stressor – a high level of relationship satisfaction, and an average level of couple generativity. Moreover, analyses showed significant actor effects of one’s own perception of the partner’s dyadic coping (positive, negative, and common) on one’s own relationship satisfaction and on couple generativity for both wives and husbands. With regard to partner effects, we found that both partners’ perceptions of the other’s dyadic coping responses (positive, negative, and common) were associated with the other’s relationship satisfaction, with the only exception of wives’ perceptions of common dyadic coping, which were not associated with their husbands’ relationship satisfaction. As for couple generativity, the only significant partner effect referred to negative dyadic coping responses for both wives and husbands.

Economic Resources, Cultural Matching, and the Rural-Urban Boundary in China's Marriage Market.

This article investigates marital sorting by household registration status (hukou) and education in contemporary urban China, paying special attention to individuals who have achieved rural-to-urban hukou mobility before marriage. Existing theoretical frameworks of assortative mating have highlighted economic resources and cultural matching as two key dimensions. These two frameworks place different emphasis on individuals' achieved versus ascriptive characteristics, and hold different implications for understanding the link between marital sorting patterns and social openness/closure. With a focus on hukou converters, this study examines the relative importance of achieved versus ascriptive traits in China's marriage market and contributes to the evaluation of the two frameworks. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative analysis uses the harmonic mean marriage function to analyze the nationally representative 2006 China General Social Survey. The qualitative data consist of 115 in-depth interviews collected in two Chinese metropolitan areas between 2016 and 2017. Quantitative results showed that hukou converters and urban-born individuals both had the highest propensity of marrying a spouse of the same hukou trajectory. Qualitative results further revealed the gap between converters and their urban-born peers to be hierarchical. Although both groups emphasized the importance of shared values and habitus in evaluating prospective partners, urban-born individuals regarded hukou converters as a culturally distinct and less desirable option. The findings highlight the power of cultural matching in China's urban marriage market. Hukou converters' rural origin remains visible and acts as a source of lasting symbolic distinction despite adulthood status attainment.

From first email to first date: Strategies for initiating relationships in online dating

The present study explores the relationship initiation process in online dating using participants’ ( N = 105) naturally occurring email messages to a prospective romantic partner. Data were collected online at time one, and participants were recontacted at time two (after meeting their partner offline) to assess the likelihood of continued interaction. A qualitative content analysis uncovered 7 broad categories and 18 subcategories of strategies for initiating relationships in online dating. The analysis indicated that participants’ relationships followed a trajectory that often began with the use of pickup lines to initiate contact and culminated with the transition offline. Along the way, they alternated between strategies for attracting and selecting a partner, constructing an authentic self-presentation, creating a shared context for interaction, revealing and seeking information, and adapting to the online dating environment. Additional quantitative analyses revealed differences in strategy use related to gender and the outcome of the first date. That is, men were generally more direct than women (e.g., by sending the first message), and those who discussed their mate preferences tended to report a higher likelihood of a second date than other participants. The results have implications for the hyperpersonal model, as well as for illuminating the evolution of online dating relationships from the first contact with a partner to meeting offline.

Application of AHP in partner selection for innovation in strategic alliances

The success of a strategic alliance depends upon factors like complementarity and compatibility among partner firms. A systematic assessment of the target firms by the alliance-initiating firm in terms of these two partner traits can lead to greater success of the prospective strategic alliance. Firms always have specific motivations to form strategic alliance and therefore the expected complementarity and compatibility with the prospective alliance partner will also differ on various occasions. In the partner selection process for forming strategic alliance, the alliance-initiating firm needs to do a systematic trade-off among these two partner traits. Various innovative capabilities of the target firms must be used to measure these two partner traits in case of forming strategic alliance for innovation. Since the partner selection problem is a discrete alternative multi-criteria decision problem, this paper demonstrates application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to solve partner selection problem during the formation of a strategic alliance for innovation.

No Sex In The City and Postfeminist Discursivity from Arab Diaspora

The novel No Sex in the City by Randa Abdel-Fattah juxtaposes Islamic progressive and Western secular viewpoints on dating culture, relationships, sex, and marriage. The patterns of halal1dates are described in a light-hearted, yet meaningful tone. These are religio-culturally appropriate ways of approaching prospective life partners, where the agency of final decision, in most cases, is with the participants. Instead of being defensive or apologetic about Islamic traditions and values, Abdel-Fattah vocalizes them in a rational way through the lead lady, Esma. The protagonist, Esma, is an Australian Muslim with Turkish roots. Muslim diaspora in the West is in the middle of the continuum from liberalism to conservatism. Despite living in a non-Islamic culture, followers of Islamic ideology are connected through a shared culture driven by Islam. Faith-based practices are beyond any geographical bindings. So, for Muslims, wherever they may live, there are similarities in the way they conduct their lives. In fact, the blurring of boundaries between religious and cultural is minimal in diaspora Muslim communities. Abdel-Fattah has delicately balanced secular and religious in this work where freedom and right to exercise choice wins at the end. Pleasantly, these women possess sensual sensitivities and affectionate desires, but Saudi/Islamic sensibilities obligate them to tie the marriage knot before pursuing any physical pursuits. This in no way incapacitates them from loving men, but rather appropriates the meaning of love in an Islamic framework. The diversity of situations and respective choices made by these girls during the novel also allude to the socio-cultural dynamics, patterns, and matrimonial preferences of Saudi women.

Young adults with chronic kidney disease: An exploration of their relationships and support networks.

Young people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a number of key issues and life changes to manage while also possibly transitioning into adult care. During this time, the nature of their support networks including, social, romantic, family and health care relationships, is changing. To explore these young people's experience and perceptions of their past, current and future relationships and support networks. Qualitative study. Fourteen young adults (8 male, 6 female, aged 18-26 years) with CKD Stages 3-5 participated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to explore the relationships (friends, family and partners) of young adults with CKD at two UK NHS hospitals. These were transcribed and thematically analysed. There were four themes identified. 'Disclosure-To tell or not to tell?' identified the challenges young adults face when disclosing their condition to friends and prospective partners. 'Managing support networks' showed that participants appreciated support from other young adults with CKD but also desired just 'being normal' with their friends. While family support is still significant and much appreciated, some young adults also found it harder to develop their independence. 'Relationship strains and carer needs' highlights the impact of CKD on all relationships. Participants were also aware of the needs of their 'carers'. In 'Happy ever after?' young adults expressed concerns about meeting a partner and having children. Young adults with CKD need support in helping them manage new and existing relationships, at a time where relationships are taking on different forms and significance. Moreover, support needs for young adults extend beyond the patient, to those who support them; support services need to reflect this.

Intimations of masculinities among young male sports bettors

ABSTRACTThis study explored intimations of masculinities within narratives of young Australian men who bet regularly on sport. Qualitative data collected from white, heterosexual Australian men aged 18–34 revealed their sports betting as characterised by four interrelated intimations of masculinities. Sports betting was portrayed as masculine leisure with the young men’s sports betting interest often influenced by older males and male peers. A foundation and context for social interactions among male peers, sports betting provided a backdrop for formative masculine identity construction. An entrenched male peer group norm, sports betting success produced cultural capital and subsequent social status by virtue of analytic skill, risk-taking and boisterous, competitive social interactions. However, sports betting was widely perceived as stigmatised leisure capable of prejudicing the young men’s prospective or existing intimate relationships with women. The young men negotiated this dilemma by adopting softer projections of masculinity in which sports betting was concealed in the presence of their spouse or prospective female partners. We therefore theorise sports betting as an augmentation to sport as a bastion for the construction of heteronormative masculinity, whilst lending further support to conceptualisations of masculine identities as plural and fluid.

BIMWIN SEBAGAI STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI BIMAS ISLAM KABUPATEN PONOROGO DALAM MENCEGAH PERCERAIAN

ABSTRACTThis study aims to find out BIMWIN as a communication strategy for the Islamic CommunityGuidance in Ponorogo Regency in preventing divorce. The location of this study was located inthe Islamic Guidance Office of Ponorogo Regency with the research subjects being the Head of theIslamic Guidance Section in Ponorogo Regency, the chief executive of BIMWIN, the facilitator andBIMWIN participants. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach withdata collection methods through interviews, observation and documentation. The results showedthat in an effort to prevent divorce, the Islamic Community Guidance in Ponorogo Regency carriedout Marriage Guidance activities for prospective bridal partners. The mapping of communicantsis based on the sociological and psychological aspects of the participants. The message deliverystrategy is packaged in the form of lectures and group discussions that focus on participants.The media used are LCD projectors, white boards and the Sakinah Family Foundation book. Thestrategy of selecting communicators is based on aspects of credibility and attractiveness so thatthose who are used as communicators in the implementation of BIMWIN are facilitators who havebeen certified in the field of motivators and sakinah family counselors.Keywords: BIMWIN, Communication Strategy, Divorce.