Prospects In Various Applications Research Articles

Tailoring Highland Barley Bran Arabinoxylans: Insights into Composition, Structure, and Functional Properties

Highland barley bran (HBB) stands as an underutilized source of arabinoxylans (AXs), presenting promising prospects for various applications. This study focuses on the isolation of four different AXs (S20, S40, S60, S80) from HBB using alkali extraction and gradient alcohol precipitation. These AXs exhibited diverse purity (56.47%–80.92%), monosaccharide compositions (A/X:0.47–0.96), and molecular weights (Mw) (173.5–498.2 kDa) of different AXs, along with different microstructural variations, amorphous qualities, and thermal stability. Rheological analyses demonstrated their shear-thinning behavior and distinctive gel-forming capacities, with S20 exhibiting superior viscosity and gel-forming ability. Notably, all four AXs demonstrate notable DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacities, with S80 demonstrating the highest antioxidant potency. Correlation analyses highlighted connections between molecular weight, branching degree, and rheological and antioxidant properties of AXs. Among different AXs, S20, with its low branching degree (0.47) and high molecular weight (390.4 kDa), exhibited significant viscosity, suggesting its suitability as a natural thickener in food processing. Conversely, S80, characterized by its low molecular weight (173.5 kDa), high branching degree (0.96), and potent antioxidant activity, holds promise as a natural antioxidant in functional foods. This study provides crucial insights for tailoring AX applications, unlocking the potential for the valorization of HBB in diverse scenarios.

Ag-Cu2O Supported Biomass-Derived rGO for Catalyzing Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling.

The search for cost-effective, efficient, and ecofriendly heterogeneous catalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction is crucial due to challenges with expensive, toxic homogeneous catalysts. This study centrally aims at crafting a pioneering green catalyst by adorning reduced graphene oxide (rGO), sourced from basil seeds (Ocimum basilicum L.), with an Ag-Cu2O composite structure. Comprehensive characterization of the Ag-Cu2O/rGO nanocomposite was conducted through FTIR, SEM, hHR-TEM, EDS, XPS, XRD, TGA, and N2 adsorption/desorption analyses. Results showed that nanosized Ag-Cu2O particles were partially integrated into rGO sheets derived from basil seeds, acting as active species for oxidative addition with aryl halides in the SMR. The catalytic efficacy of this robust nanocatalyst was assessed in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions, targeting the synthesis of biaryls employing various aryl halides and aryl boronic acids. The findings underscore that the Ag-Cu2O/rGO nanocatalyst manifests rapid reaction kinetics (15 min) alongside commendable yields (99%). The Ag-Cu2O/rGO demonstrates impressive recyclability, maintaining catalytic efficiency over four cycles. Utilizing it as a green substrate for metal loading highlights its potential, offering well-defined coordination sites. This approach facilitates stable heterogeneous catalyst fabrication, crucial for significant bond formations. Notable features include broad applicability, exceptional functional tolerance, scalability, and practicality. Moreover, it holds promise for automating safe processes and enabling efficient late-stage functionalization of complex molecules with moderate to high efficiency, presenting promising prospects for various applications in chemical synthesis.

Preparation Method and Application of Porous Poly(lactic acid) Membranes: A Review.

Porous membrane technology has garnered significant attention in the fields of separation and biology due to its remarkable contributions to green chemistry and sustainable development. The porous membranes fabricated from polylactic acid (PLA) possess numerous advantages, including a low relative density, a high specific surface area, biodegradability, and excellent biocompatibility. As a result, they exhibit promising prospects for various applications, such as oil-water separation, tissue engineering, and drug release. This paper provides an overview of recent research advancements in the fabrication of PLA membranes using electrospinning, the breath-figure method, and the phase separation method. Firstly, the principles of each method are elucidated from the perspective of pore formation. The correlation between the relevant parameters and pore structure is discussed and summarized, subsequently followed by a comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of each method. Subsequently, this article presents the diverse applications of porous PLA membranes in tissue engineering, oil-water separation, and other fields. The current challenges faced by these membranes, however, encompass inadequate mechanical strength, limited production efficiency, and the complexity of pore structure control. Suggestions for enhancement, as well as future prospects, are provided accordingly.

Manipulation of electric and magnetic absorption coefficients using (In,Ga)As/GaAs chiral quantum dot medium

We demonstrate the manipulation of electric and magnetic absorption coefficients within the chiral quantum dots (QDs) system. The described setup involves a pair of double chiral quantum dots ((In,Ga)As/GaAs), operating as a four-level quantum system. The system is influenced by control, magnetic, and probe fields, along with the strength of inter-dot tunneling. The investigation demonstrates that the electric and magnetic absorption coefficients are notably affected by the strength of inter-dot tunneling and the intensity of the control field. Significantly, the study reveals a maximum observed electric coefficient of −3.4×1014 and a maximum magnetic coefficient of −3.4×10−12 within the proposed system. Furthermore, the characteristics of the incident light, including divergence angle, group index, and advance/delay time, are intricately influenced by the strength of inter-dot tunneling and the intensity of the control field. The maximum observed divergence angle measures 0.4 rad, with a group index of ±1.3×1020 and an advance/delay time of ±4.0×1010 in the proposed chiral QDs system. This investigation not only contributes to the advancement of quantum dot research but also presents promising prospects for various applications in optoelectronics and quantum information processing.

Muscle-inspired MXene-based conductive hydrogel by magnetic induced for flexible multifunctional sensors

In recent years, conductive hydrogel-based flexible electronic sensor devices have gained widespread attention in the fields of flexible wearable devices, human-machine interaction interfaces, medical monitoring, etc. However, conventional conductive hydrogels struggle to concurrently achieve exceptional mechanical properties and high conductivity, often exhibiting isotropic mechanical performance and sensing characteristics. In contrast, biological tissues typically demonstrate anisotropic mechanical properties and sensing capabilities due to their ordered microstructure. Drawing inspiration from the ordered structures of biological tissues, this study proposed a simple strategy to fabricate high-strength anisotropic MXene-based conductive hydrogels. Initially, a magnetic and conductive two-dimensional nanohybrid material (PDA-Fe3O4-MXene) was synthesized via acid etching and PDA-mediated co-precipitation methods. Secondly, a magnetic field-induced orientation strategy was employed to induce the oriented arrangement of PDA-Fe3O4-MXene within a dual-network polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide (PAAm/PVA) hydrogel. Subsequently, the oriented PDA-Fe3O4-MXene structure was fixed in the dual-network hydrogel by the photopolymerization and freezing-thawing methods. The anisotropic conductive hydrogel exhibited a highly oriented structure, conferring its anisotropic mechanical properties and conductivity. Its mechanical and conductive performances were enhanced in an anisotropic manner, demonstrating outstanding tensile strength (156 KPa) and good conductivity (1.10 mS/cm). Moreover, the conductive hydrogel-based sensors showcased a broad working range (3 %–300 %), rapid response time (290 ms), high sensitivity, and exceptional stability. This work presents a novel approach for constructing flexible electronic devices based on anisotropic hydrogels, offering promising prospects for various applications.

Soliton transformation in a cold Rydberg atomic system

This work presents a method for achieving soliton transformation in a cold Rydberg atomic system to enable the realization of diverse optical potentials. Our investigation demonstrates that this system can generate various solitons, including Gaussian, elliptical, ring, and necklace structures, based on different optical lattice potentials. Additionally, stable transitions from Gaussian profile to three other profiles can be achieved either abruptly or gradually by adjusting the centers and modulation depths of potentials along the direction of light propagation. These findings highlight the versatility of this system for generating and manipulating solitons. The ability to control soliton transformation offers prospects for various applications, including all-optical switching, optical information processing, and other areas.

Electroactive composite biofilms integrating Kombucha, Chlorella and synthetic proteinoid Proto-Brains.

In this study, we present electroactive biofilms made from a combination of Kombucha zoogleal mats and thermal proteinoids. These biofilms have potential applications in unconventional computing and robotic skin. Proteinoids are synthesized by thermally polymerizing amino acids, resulting in the formation of synthetic protocells that display electrical signalling similar to neurons. By incorporating proteinoids into Kombucha zoogleal cellulose mats, hydrogel biofilms can be created that have the ability to efficiently transfer charges, perform sensory transduction and undergo processing. We conducted a study on the memfractance and memristance behaviours of composite biofilms, showcasing their capacity to carry out unconventional computing operations. The porous nanostructure and electroactivity of the biofilm create a biocompatible interface that can be used to record and stimulate neuronal networks. In addition to in vitro neuronal interfaces, these soft electroactive biofilms show potential as components for bioinspired robotics, smart wearables, unconventional computing devices and adaptive biorobotic systems. Kombucha-proteinoids composite films are a highly customizable material that can be synthesized to suit specific needs. These films belong to a unique category of 'living' materials, as they have the ability to support cellular systems and improve bioelectronic functionality. This makes them an exciting prospect in various applications. Ongoing efforts are currently being directed towards enhancing the compositional tuning of conductivity, signal processing and integration within hybrid bioelectronic circuits.

Effect of ionic liquid modified indium tin oxide as additive on tribological properties of grease

This study investigates the formulation of composite lubricating greases by incorporating SnO2, ITO, and ATO nanoparticles as additives into a polyurea base grease with excellent additive sensitivity, aiming to explore the physicochemical and tribological properties of the composite lubricating greases. Additionally, two categories of three different ionic liquids were selected to modify the nano metal oxides, and the modified powders were characterized to investigate the tribological properties and conductivity of the polyurea grease after incorporating the ionically modified nano metal oxides. The experimental results demonstrate that the nano metal oxides, when used as lubricating grease additives, can form stable boundary lubrication films, exhibiting excellent anti-wear and anti-friction properties. The ionic liquid-modified nano metal oxides exhibit outstanding anti-friction and anti-wear properties, along with increased conductivity. Particularly, the use of lactate-based ionic liquid for modifying nano metal oxides shows superior degradation, anti-friction, anti-wear, and conductivity properties, holding promising prospects for various applications.

Research on Genetic Algorithm Optimization with Fusion Tabu Search Strategy and Its Application in Solving Three-Dimensional Packing Problems

Symmetry is an important principle and characteristic that is prevalent in nature and artificial environments. In the three-dimensional packing problem, leveraging the inherent symmetry of goods and the symmetry of the packing space can enhance packing efficiency and utilization.The three-dimensional packing problem is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem in the field of modern logistics, with high computational complexity. This paper proposes an improved genetic algorithm by incorporating a fusion tabu search strategy to address this problem. The algorithm employs a three-dimensional loading mathematical model and utilizes a wall-building method under residual space constraints for stacking goods. Furthermore, adaptation of fitness variation strategy, chromosome adjustment, and tabu search algorithm are introduced to balance the algorithm’s global and local search capabilities, as well as to enhance population diversity and convergence speed. Through testing on benchmark cases such as Bischoff and Ratcliff, the improved algorithm demonstrates an average increase of over 3% in packing space utilization compared to traditional genetic algorithms and other heuristic algorithms, validating its feasibility and effectiveness. The proposed improved genetic algorithm provides new insights for solving three-dimensional packing problems and optimizing logistics loading schedules, offering promising prospects for various applications.

Enhancing broadband terahertz absorption via a graphene-based metasurface absorber featuring a rectangular ring and triple crossbars

This study introduces an innovative strategy to achieve a versatile and adaptive terahertz (THz) absorber by leveraging a graphene-based metasurface. This metasurface comprises a rectangular ring, three crossbars and a grounded gold film, all separated by a thin SiO2 layer. The phenomenon of plasmonic hybridization, involving surface and cavity plasmon resonances, enables the interaction between incident THz waves and the proposed graphene-based metasurface, leading to a substantial enhancement in the absorptance bandwidth of the plasmonic system. The enhancement of absorptance can be finely adjusted by modifying the chemical potential (Fermi energy) in graphene and manipulating the structural parameters of the device. A notable feature of our design is its inherent resistance to variations in incident angles and polarization states of incoming electromagnetic waves. The proposed device achieves an absorptance exceeding 80% across a continuous spectrum, exhibiting a bandwidth of approximately 0.90 THz from 0.94 to 1.84 THz. This robust characteristic ensures consistent and reliable performance in diverse scenarios. Our findings present intriguing prospects for various applications centered on wave modulation, which encompass, but are not limited to, THz imaging, filtering, energy harvesting, and tunable sensors.

Fabrication of biodegradable superhydrophobic Zn-Fe coating on ultra-light Mg-Li alloy

As a typical biodegradable and biocompatible light metal, magnesium (Mg) and its alloys exhibit significant prospects for various applications, especially in biomedical materials. Unfortunately, their actual application fields have been restricted by too fast degradation/corrosion rate. Both zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) are biodegradable and biocompatible but stabler thermodynamically. It's one of the considerable refreshing strategies for controlling the degradation rate of Mg substrate by constructing a ZnFe coating with superhydrophobicity on it. However, it's challenging and rarely reported due to the high chemical reactivity of Mg. This study reports the successful in-situ synthesis of ZnFe coatings with hierarchical micro-/nano-scale structures and superhydrophobicity on ultra-light MgLi alloy by employing an innovative weak alkaline aqueous bath followed by simple chemical modification. Their micromorphology, chemical and phase compositions as well as surface wettability were comprehensively analyzed by FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, and a contact angle measuring instrument. Furthermore, the degradation behavior of the typical samples was evaluated by modern electrochemical measurement technology. The results revealed that the coating comprised dense micro-papillary structures and nanosheets, exhibiting a static contact angle of droplets up to 161.5° and a sliding angle of 3.0°. In addition, the obtained sample demonstrated a significantly reduced degradation rate compared to the bare magnesium alloy.

Graph-DETR4D: Spatio-Temporal Graph Modeling for Multi-View 3D Object Detection.

Multi-View 3D object detection (MV3D) has made tremendous progress by leveraging multiple perspective features through surrounding cameras. Despite demonstrating promising prospects in various applications, accurately detecting objects through camera view in the 3D space is extremely difficult due to the ill-posed issue in monocular depth estimation. Recently, Graph-DETR3D presents a novel graph-based 3D-2D query paradigm in aggregating multi-view images for 3D object detection and achieves competitive performance. Although it enriches the query representations with 2D image features through a learnable 3D graph, it still suffers from limited depth and velocity estimation abilities due to the adoption of a single-frame input setting. To solve this problem, we introduce a unified spatial-temporal graph modeling framework to fully leverage the multi-view imagery cues under the multi-frame inputs setting. Thanks to the flexibility and sparsity of the dynamic graph architecture, we lift the original 3D graph into the 4D space with an effective attention mechanism to automatically perceive imagery information at both spatial and temporal levels. Moreover, considering the main latency bottleneck lies in the image backbone, we propose a novel dense-sparse distillation framework for multi-view 3D object detection, to reduce the computational budget while sacrificing no detection accuracy, making it more suitable for real-world deployment. To this end, we propose Graph-DETR4D, a faster and stronger multi-view 3D object detection framework, built on top of Graph-DETR3D. Extensive experiments on nuScenes and Waymo benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of Graph-DETR4D. Notably, our best model achieves 62.0% NDS on nuScenes test leaderboard. Code is available at https://github.com/zehuichen123/Graph-DETR4D.

Mussel byssus-inspired gallol-enriched chitosan hydrogel fibers with strong adhesive properties

The byssus of marine mussels, which exhibits a strong adhesion to rocks in seawater, is an important target for biomimetics. The underwater adhesion of the byssus to rocks relies on mussel foot proteins (Mfps), which contain 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine with a catechol group and lysine with an amino group that act cooperatively. In this study, Mfps-inspired hydrogel fibers were designed by combining a gallol group with chitosan. A chitosan-gallic acid (CS-GA) conjugate was synthesized by grafting GA onto CS, and CS-GA hydrogel fibers were prepared by simple needle spinning of a concentrated CS-GA solution into a neutral or weakly basic buffer solution. Furthermore, the self-crosslinking mechanism, swelling and self-healing behaviors, adhesive properties, and tensile properties of the CS-GA gel fibers were investigated according to the solution pH. The Schiff base (reversible covalent bonding) and Michael addition (irreversible covalent bonding) reactions were dominant at pH 7.4 and 8.5, respectively. Moreover, the CS-GA hydrogel fibers exhibited high adhesive strength under wet conditions owing to the residual amino groups. The tensile strength of the fibers formed in a coagulation bath with a Fe3+-added buffer was augmented owing to the formation of metal coordination bonds. The biomimetic CS-GA hydrogel fibers have great prospects for various applications.

Brief discussion on quantum anomaly Hall effect: From theory to application

The investigation of topological insulator materials plays a crucial role in the exploration of the quantum anomalous Hall effect. A topological insulator is a distinct type of insulator characterized by its band structure with non-trivial topological features. Topological insulators are characterized by the occurrence of topological phase transitions in the electron energy bands at the Fermi level, which can be attributed to the combined effects of spin-orbit coupling and an external magnetic field. These transitions give rise to the emergence of Hall conductive boundary states, facilitating the manifestation of quantum Hall conductance even in the absence of magnetic fields. The quantum anomalous Hall effect exhibits promising prospects for various applications. For instance, it can serve as a viable means of current transmission in low-power electronic devices, or alternatively, as a medium for constructing qubits in topological quantum computing systems. Furthermore, the utilization of the quantum anomalous Hall effect extends to the development of magnetic sensors with superior performance characteristics and the creation of energy-efficient spintronic devices. This work endeavors to conduct a comprehensive examination and evaluation of the theory and practical implementation of the quantum Anomaly Hall effect by the analysis and review of relevant literature. In addition, it intends to provide potential avenues for future applications in this field.

High focusing efficiency metalens with large numerical aperture at terahertz frequency.

Metalenses have been widely investigated for their features of high design freedom. For practical applications, it is necessary to maximize the efficiency of the metalens. However, it is a great challenge to realize both a high numerical aperture (NA) and high-efficiency metalens in the community. Here, we introduce a method to design a hybrid metalens with a large numerical aperture and high focusing efficiency at terahertz frequency. The hybrid metalens consists of gradient metasurfaces in the central area and metagrating in the peripheral area to achieve high-efficiency beam focusing. To verify this concept, a hybrid metalens with a numerical aperture of 0.95 was designed at λ = 118.8 μm. The simulation results demonstrate that the focusing efficiency of the hybrid metalens is 65.8%. The experimental results show that the designed metalens is able to increase the focusing efficiency from 22.8% to 41.7%. The full widths at half maxima (FWHMs) of the focused spots of the hybrid metalens in the x direction and y direction are 0.72λ and 0.45λ, respectively. The proposed high-efficiency hybrid metalens has promising application prospects in various applications of a complex optical system.

Photophysical Exploration of Alectinib and Rilpivirine: Insights from Theory and Experiment.

Due to the excellent characteristics of fluorescence-based imaging, such as non-invasive detection of biomarkers in vitro and in vivo with high sensitivity, good spatio-temporal resolution and fast response times, it has shown significant prospects in various applications. Compounds with both biological activities and fluorescent properties have the potential for integrated diagnosis and treatment application. Alectinib and Rilpivirine are two excellent drugs on sale that represent a clinically approved targeted therapy for ALK-rearranged NSCLC and have exhibited more favorable safety and tolerance profiles in Phase III clinical trials, ECHO and THRIVE, respectively. The optical properties of these two drugs, Alectinib and Rilpivirine, were deeply explored, firstly through the simulation of molecular structures, electrostatic potential, OPA/TPA and emission spectral properties and experiments on UV-vis spectra, fluorescence and cell imaging. It was found that Alectinib exhibited 7.8% of fluorescence quantum yield at the 450 nm excited wavelength, due to a larger electronic transition dipole moment (8.41 Debye), bigger charge transition quantity (0.682 e) and smaller reorganization energy (2821.6 cm-1). The stronger UV-vis spectra of Rilpivirine were due to a larger electron-hole overlap index (Sr: 0.733) and were also seen in CDD plots. Furthermore, Alectinib possessed obvious active two-photon absorption properties (δmaxTPA* ϕ = 201.75 GM), which have potential TPA imaging applications in bio-systems. Lastly, Alectinib and Rilpivirine displayed green fluorescence in HeLa cells, suggesting the potential ability for biological imaging. Investigation using theoretical and experimental methods is certainly encouraged, given the particular significance of developing integrated diagnosis and treatment.

Experimental investigation on the static and dynamic stability of water-based graphene nanofluids prepared by one-step liquid phase shear exfoliation of graphite

Graphene nanofluids show prospects in various applications due to their outstanding optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. However, achieving the long-duration stability of graphene nanofluids prepared by the traditional two-step method is still challenging. Herein, one-step liquid phase shear exfoliation was applied to fabricate stable graphene nanofluids in water from graphite with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the surfactant. Results indicated that high-quality graphene with multi-layer was fabricated. The graphene production rate depends on CTAB concentration up to 0.25 mg/ml, but beyond that, the graphene concentration almost remains constant (∼18 ppm). Extending the exfoliation time could improve the production rate of graphene nanosheets without sacrificing their quality. The zeta potential of nanofluids prepared at CTAB concentrations of 1 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml is 45–60 mV, demonstrating that the nanofluids exhibit high static stability. Besides, the nanofluids' relative concentration (RC) values are over 0.95 at 20 °C and 40 °C in the flow rate range of 0–1.5 l/min. The nanofluids subjected to static heating at 60 °C are stable; however, their dynamic stability deteriorates gradually with the increasing flow rate because the physically absorbed cationic surfactant more easily falls off from graphene nanosheets, and collision frequency among graphene nanosheets intensifies at high temperatures under the flow condition. Furthermore, high-low temperature cycling could effectively relieve the deterioration of the nanofluids' stability, suggesting that once the electrostatic stabilization effect could be guaranteed by timely cooling, the graphene nanofluids would keep stable.

Heat management technology for solid‐state high voltage and high repetitive pulse generators: Towards better effects and reliability

AbstractSolid‐state high voltage high repetitive pulse generators have a broad prospect in various applications. The high power and high‐frequency operation of the pulse generator suffer from the massive heat dissipation problem, which limits the improvement of the output parameters and even affects the lifetime. This article focuses on heat management technology for high voltage high repetitive pulse generators. Firstly, the typical circuit topology of the high repetitive pulse generators was summarised. From the perspective of different application requirements, the demands of the heat management design were concluded. Moreover, the heat generation characteristics and difficulties of solid‐state high voltage high repetitive pulse generators were analysed. Then, the different state‐of‐art cooling techniques were reviewed, and their applicability and limitations for the high voltage high repetitive generators were discussed. Finally, a flow chart for heat management design was given.

3D-printable and multifunctional conductive nanocomposite with tunable mechanics inspired by sesame candy

Viscoelastic Silly Putty-like conductive nanocomposites have recently received considerable attention in wearable electronics, soft robotics, energy storage, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties. However, great challenges remain for conventional Silly Putty-like materials in terms of electrical conductivity and printability, which seriously hindered their wide applications. Herein, inspired by sesame candy, a viscoelastic Silly Putty-like conductive nanocomposite (LPPC) composed of LAPONITE® XLG/carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is fabricated based on electrostatic/coordination interactions and hydrogen bonds. The viscoelasticity of LPPC can be modulated as required by adjusting the water content. Owing to the typical shear-thinning behavior, LPPC possesses 3D printing feasibility. Taking advantage of its high electrical conductivity, good moldability, printability, and recyclability, multiple applications of LPPC are explored by employing different processing methods. For instance, LPPC can be fabricated into epidermal electrodes and strain sensors by hand kneading, which are able to monitor ECG/EMG and movement signals of the human body, respectively. In addition, shaped through the customized molds, the flakes of LPPC exhibit effective EMI shielding performance after freeze-drying. Furthermore, the human-machine interaction based on TENGs is presented as a 3D printing demonstration of LPPC. This proposed viscoelastic conductive nanocomposite with tunable mechanical properties shows promising prospects for various applications in a range of fields.

Recent progress in low-temperature CVD growth of 2D materials

Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a promising class of materials with unique physical and chemical properties that offer exciting prospects for various applications. Among all the synthesis methods, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques have demonstrated great advantages in the large-scale production of 2D materials with a controlled thickness. One of the main challenges in the growth of 2D materials is the need for high temperatures and crystalline substrates, which restrict the scalability and compatibility of 2D materials with existing manufacturing processes, due to the high thermal budget and the necessity to transfer the 2D films to secondary substrates. Low-temperature growth methods for 2D materials have the potential to overcome this challenge and enable the integration of 2D materials into a wide range of devices and applications. In recent years, there have been substantial efforts to develop low-temperature growth techniques for different 2D materials, including graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides. These methods include thermal CVD, plasma-enhanced CVD, atomic layer deposition and metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. This review not only discusses the progress in the growth but also highlights the applications of low-temperature-grown 2D materials in various fields, such as field effect transistors, sensors, photodetectors, catalysts, batteries and supercapacitors.