Prose Works Research Articles

Anthologizing Poe: Editions, Translations, and (Trans)National Canons

Anthologizing Poe: Editions, Translations, and (Trans)National Canons

Transformasi cerpen Jendela Rara ke film Rumah Tanpa Jendela menggunakan kajian struktural

Short story is a literary work that serves either to assist for entertaining or to give life values of the story itself. Besides, it is known as a prose work due to having a short-term story. The two short stories entitled “Jendela Rara'' and “Rumah Tanpa Jendela”, written by Asma Nadia, attracted the author's attention to conduct recent study towards those works. They have been adapted from short story to movie, hence, readers can obtain a structural comparison, especially intrinsic values and life values that are contained in the stories. The recent study was designed by using descriptive qualitative with structural approach to describe intrinsic elements that form the literary work. The research data was in quotation form (word, phrase, and sentence) which is related to the problems of “Jendela Rara'' short story and “Rumah Tanpa Jendela” movie. The researcher used the document analysis technique for collecting the research data. Moreover, the data analysis technique used by the researcher was a flow analysis technique, which consisted of three elements such as, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion verification. The data result formed as a structural analysis while experiencing a transformation from a short story and film.

IN SEARCH OF LIFE EXPERIENCE AND WISDOM (ORIGINALITY OF THE FAIRY TALE BY IVAN FRANKO “ABOUT A NOBLEMAN LOOKING FOR А TROUBLE”)

The paper deals with the story “About a Nobleman Looking for а Trouble” (1887) by Ivan Franko and highlights its genre peculiarities. The major attention is drawn to the dominant features indicating the fairy-tale nature of the story. The literary sources of the plot, the system of characters, biblical allusions, main issues as well as the reception of the work by contemporary criticism have been explored. The story by Ivan Franko was based on Ukrainian folk tales about the search for trouble performed by a nobleman or a priest.
 In the field of struggle between the forces of good and evil, the images of the young magician — Messiah — Jesus Christ and the Тrouble become the central symbols of the tale. The Misfortune archetype, which is directly linked to Franko’s perception of the people, suffering under circumstances of total dependence on the landlords, must be analyzed with attention to the people’s outlook and the author’s individual thinking. The young magician appears as Messiah, and it helps to bring a nobleman closer to something eternal and make him reevaluate his own life. These images perform important functions in the plot and composition of the work, revealing active changes in the character of a nobleman and forming the philosophical and psychological discourse of the author. There is a variety of associations between the light in the Bible and in Franko’s tale. The “light that enlightens everyone” causes enlightenment of а nobleman. The inner state of the hero at the moment of enlightenment is revealed in prayer. The prayer monologue demonstrates openness, sincerity, the immediacy of self-expression and despair, and at the same time hopelessness. 
 The plot of the tale “About a Nobleman Looking for а Trouble” is related to Franko’s unfinished poem “About a Richman Who Went to Buy а Trouble” (written in 1887). The research also involves some other prose works by the writer.

The Concept of “Thrownness” in Algis Budrys's Short Story “Wall of Crystal, Eye of Night”

This paper analyses the concept of thrownness and the related notions of immediacy and actuality in a 1961 short science fiction story “Wall of Crystal, Eye of Night” by Algis Budrys. It first defines the concept of thrownness (Geworfenheit), created and coined by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger in his classic book Being and Time, and it explains how this notion can be employed in literary analysis in general and applied to this work in particular. The article then analyses how certain stylistic devices in the short story, namely similes, change of pace and the presentation of an inner conflict in the main character, contribute to the feeling of authenticity. In other words, it attempts to exhibit the means used in a prose work to make it seem more realistic and immediate. Finally, the work also argues that science fiction is in many ways more real than other fictional works. Although it belongs to the genre that has traditionally been denied serious literary merit, the novel view and interpretation of this story aims to disclose new horizons of artistic expression that illuminate human mental and physical frailty and stimulate a valuable inquiry into the meaning of life.

The prose works of Antonio Machado in Russia

The subject of this research is the history of translation the prose works of the remarkable Spanish poet, writer and publicist Antonio Machado into the Russian language. The object of this research is the translations of his prose works into the Russian languages conducted primarily in the last quarter of the XX century. The article employs biographical, descriptive, and cultural-historical methods. Special attention is given to Spanish translators I. Y. Tynyanov and V. S. Stolbov, whose names in the Russian literary space are closely related with the history of translation of the works of the prose writer and publicist Antonio Machado. The scientific novelty lies in the detailed description of A. Machado's prose, as well as detailed chronology of the emergence of translations of his prose into the Russian language. The relevance of this article substantiated by the absence of comprehensive analysis of the translations of A. Machado's prose works in the Russian Spanish studies. The prose works of A. Machado are also poorly studied in the Russian literary studies. The main conclusions consists in determination of the contribution of Russian translators to familiarization of the Russian-speaking audience with prose works of the Spanish author, as well as the need for further fundamental research of the entire literary heritage of Antonio Machado.

The Experimental Gothic

Abstract This essay proposes that the crucial movements of the historical avant-garde looked to the first wave of Gothic literature (1760s–1820s) in developing their respective variants of experimental prose. To date, the linguistic and textual characteristics (non-mimesis, ineffability) of the literary mode here called Experimental Gothic have not been comprehensively investigated, neither in Avant-Garde nor Gothic Studies. The proposed poetics of the Experimental Gothic indicates that the early avant-gardes did not straightforwardly recycle Gothic material but rather wove the praxis of contemporary theories of representation into their prosaic exploits, which were immersed in the imaginary, supernatural and irrational. The linguistic features of recognised works of avant-garde prose by luminaries such as Carl Einstein, Hugo Ball and Julien Gracq reveal the Experimental Gothic to be a language project spawned from anarchist backgrounds, which leads readers to reject their naïve belief in conventional representation in order to gain a renewed sense of reality.

Vincent Buckley, Colonialism and the Problem of Irish-Australian Identity

Perhaps no Australian writer or thinker has probed the condition of Irishness in Australia more extensively than the poet-critic Vincent Buckley (1925-88). His first memoir Cutting Green Hay (1983) considers how his own family negotiated their Irish heritage, often through modes of strategic amnesia in which Irish cultural modes mutate into Australian identity. This, for him, results in a cultural deprivation that he seeks to remedy in himself, not least through many extended visits to Ireland, his ‘source country’ or ‘imagination’s home’. Yet in Memory Ireland (1985) and other essays, he offers a scarifying analysis of contemporary Irish society also marked by a loss of memory, which he ascribes in this case to the post-colonial torpor and imaginative enervation of independent Ireland. So Buckley seeks to reveal the scotomisation, or mental blind spots, that characterise both Irish-Australia and modern Ireland. Drawing mainly on prose works, including archives and unpublished sources, this essay seeks to bring to the fore the question of colonialism in Buckley’s reflections on Irishness, attentive to some of his own blind spots. It considers his deep debt to Yeats, but also the impossibility for Buckley, as he saw it, to follow Yeats’s example in creating a national imaginary that unified settler and native. This impacts Buckley’s sense of how an artist achieves success in the international literary field, but also maps back onto the question of setter-colonialism in Australia. I argue that Indigenous Australia shadows his thinking about Irish colonialism, sometimes explicitly, as in the poem ‘Gaeltacht’ from The Pattern (1979), but in a more fraught and culpable way than simply through assertions of shared victimhood. If the conquest and dispossession of Gaelic Ireland in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries mirrors that of Indigenous Australia in the nineteenth and twentieth, it also deflects, redirects and sublimates it for an Australian poet.The Irish have certainly been historical victims of British colonialism, but they have also been beneficiaries of settler-colonialism in Australia, as his poem ‘Dick Donnelly’, the Irish-named Aboriginal man, ‘the last songman of his people’, poignantly attests.

‘A Word of Song’: Reverberations of the Psalms in Christina Rossetti’s Roundels

Abstract Christina Rossetti’s Verses (1893) collects poetry published originally in her devotional prose works, and 57 of its 331 lyric poems are roundels. Structured helically, the roundels use refrains to accrue meaning through repetition with a difference. While Rossetti follows Swinburne’s 11-line form, she uses the songs of the Word—the liturgical and wisdom psalms in particular—as the inspiration for her words of song. By recognising the antiphonal dialogue of the roundels modelled on the Psalms, we see more clearly how Rossetti’s lyric poetry emphasises not introspection or a Romantic solipsism but rather an interchange with others that turns its participants toward God. The reverberations of the Psalms in her roundels make audible her commitment to a communal, lyric form that unites its dialogic participants in worship and in an inclusive eschatology; that overlays the temporal with the eternal; and that conveys the priestly act of proclaiming the Kingdom of God in the present.

Biographical Literature in Modern Sanskrit Language

Biographical literature in modem Sanskrit language Biographies of great people have been the source of modem Sanskrit literary creation. Many biographies are available in the form of epic, prose and champu kavyas in Sanskrit literature. There are two master pieces of biographies on the iron man of India, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel written in modem Sanskrit language. These two master pieces are 'Lohpurusavadanam"by Dr. Shivprasad Bharadwaj and "Vallabhcharitam" by Dr. Satyapal Sharma. The first one is complete biography in the form of historical epic and the second one is a biography in the form of prose work. Key words: biography, creation, literature, modem Sanskrit, master pieces, epic and prose work.

LITERARY REALISM IN THE SHAPING OF SLOVAK CULTURE

Aim. The aim of the study is to clarify the internal complexity of the Slovak literary realist discourse and its diverse relations to the heterogeneous artistic, cultural and ideological discourses of the last third of the 19th century. Attention is focused on the appropriation and adaptation of stimuli from other social systems, as well as on the specific literary operations that modify literary realism as an artistic discourse constructing an intelligible world in a cultural sense. Methods. As a theoretical concept, realism is defined as a type of representation or representation technique associated with a set of textual conventions, complex referential and self-referential figures. As a literary-historical discourse and event situated in a particular moment of history, realism is governed by period-specific principles (operating in the mechanism of culture) of selection, evaluating and connecting the phenomena of reality. Only with this dichotomy the multiplicity of paradoxes, syncretism and heterogeneous character of Slovak literary realism can be captured. The theory of social systems (N. Luhmann) allows for a more complex view of realist literature as an autopoietic system in the context of modern society as a system of communications differentiated into a network of separate social subsystems interrelated by the medium of language. Finally, the theory of fictional worlds proposes selective and formative operations that explicate the construction of realist fictional world and the stratification of its functions (B. Fořt). Results. Among the configurational relations of Slovak literary realism, the concept of ideal realism is highlighted as a model of literary aesthetics that flexibly interacted with the discourse of national revival to provide an adequate expression of contemporary Slovak cultural and national interests. Two literary-aesthetic modifications of ideal realism (creative and voluntarist, originated by Svetozár Hurban Vajanský, and deterministic, represented in the prose works of Martin Kukučín) are analysed in detail in order to show the inner complexity of the literary-realist discourse and to manifest its semantic multidimensionality in the 1880s.

Aliy Safiy Hiraviy qalamiga mansub yangi qo‘lyozmalar va Toshkent qo‘lyozma fondlarida mavjud asarlari

Today, when our national and spiritual values have been restored and the study of the masterpieces of our ancient manuscript heritage is given serious importance at the level of public policy, we have a deeper understanding of our ancient cultural heritage and national history, rooted in the distant past.One of the master of words who made a great contribution to the development of world culture and science with his work was Fahruddin Ali Safi bin Husein Waiz Kashifi (d. 939/1539). His work is notable for covering various areas of secular and religious sciences. The works of Fakhruddin Ali Safi reflect the ideas of raising a person with high qualities through the scientific heritage of our ancestors, the advancement of young people to healthy thinking and pure morality through the foundations of our culture and religion.This article provides information on two recently discovered new works of prose and one poem (gazelle) by Mavlian Fakhruddin Ali Safi Hirawi.On the basis of the recently discovered this gazelle by Ali Safi, the rubai and poems in "Rashakhat", the researcher came to the firm conclusion that this artist could have had "Devon" (Collection of Gazelles). In his article, the researcher also examines in detail the manuscripts of Ali Safi's works in the Tashkent manuscript collections.

Translating the plural text: Samuel Beckett in Persian

ABSTRACT The process by which a literary text comes to be is among the understudied domains of translation studies. This article draws on my experience of translating Samuel Beckett’s late prose works into Persian to explore how a convergence of translation studies and genetic criticism can affect and broaden the literary translator’s choices. I outline a new way for literary translation to approach unstable source texts which consist of a set of drafts. I demonstrate how my translation of Beckett's late prose works into Persian consists of translating the differential space between the English and the French versions of Beckett’s work, on the one hand, and between the variants of each version according to the variorum editions of his works, on the other.

Review: The Folk Singers and the Bureau: The FBI, the Folk Artists and the Suppression of the Communist Party, USA-1939-1956, by Aaron J. Leonard, and Woody Guthrie: An Intimate Life, by Gustavus Stadler

Review: <i>The Folk Singers and the Bureau: The FBI, the Folk Artists and the Suppression of the Communist Party, USA-1939-1956</i>, by Aaron J. Leonard, and <i>Woody Guthrie: An Intimate Life</i>, by Gustavus Stadler

Aesthetics of Pronoun in Morsal Prose based on the Jakobson's Metonymic Pole of the Language

Although exterior of language in the texts of Morsal prose has been embellished and glamorized through figurative language, the essential elegance of this type of prose rests on the interior of the language, and it is achieved through the artistic arrangement of words. According to systemic functional linguistics, pronouns, due to their great flexibility, play a critical role in this embellishment. In such texts, pronouns are among the most frequent and crucial elements. Furthermore, their sliding position in the sentence structure has given them an exceptional prominence. Authors of such books like Tarikh-i Bal'ami or Tārīkhnāma and Tarikh-i Sistan (History of Sistan) achieved diverse artistic objectives by syntactical replacement of the pronouns. Therefore, Jakobson's theory of metonymic pole could equip us with an effective device to reevaluate the aesthetics of the pronouns in such texts. The aim of this article is to answer the question of how pronouns could attain such artistic and aesthetic function in conjunction with other words. Relying on the theory of the metonymic pole of language, the author of this article has closely studied Tarikh-i Sistan (History of Sistan), as one of the magnificent works of Morsal prose, using a descriptive-analytical method. The main findings of the present grammatical-rhetorical research indicates that the author of the Tarikh-i Sistan has used disconnected and connected pronouns in various forms in the beginning and the end of a sentence to create artistic language. The technique has also helped the author to obtain secondary purposes and creating literary figures of speech such as: praising, contempt, amazement, emphasis, brevity, syntactic equilibrium, Tard va Aks , Laff va Nashr ( two forms of chiasmus whereby individual elements in one line of poetry are rearranged in subsequent line), contradiction, irony, repetition as a literary figure of speech, creation of rhythmic prose, and creation of suspense. Also, along with moderate decorating of the exterior, he made the interior of the language meaningfully elegant and artistic. Seemingly; aPpreciating the rhetorical-grammatical features of pronouns in the Tarikh-i Sistan and other literary texts, as well as adopting them, could transform the tedious and sedentary nature of current pronouns and expand the literary capacity of contemporary Farsi language.

Виды диалога в художественных текстах произведений кыргызских писателей с точки зрения семантики

The article is devoted to the analysis of the types and texts of works of art by Kyrgyz writers from the point of view of semantics. The works of Ch. Aitmatov, T. Kasymbekov were used for illustration. Research relevance: An analysis of the types of dialogue in works of art helps to identify not only the specifics of the individual author's word use, the peculiarities of the style of an individual writer or the figurative system of a particular work of art, but also an attempt to establish general patterns in the use of types of dialogue that help in revealing the idea of a work, in a psychological analysis of the peculiarities of the inner world heroes. Research materials and methods: the focus of motivation, first of all, by educational goals, the search for the most effective ways to study the types of dialogue in a literary text, which are an important component of the structure of a prose work, which have their own functions and tasks. Research results: During the dialogue, along with the thoughts, feelings of a person, his psychological and humane qualities, the national peculiarity is also transmitted. Concepts, thoughts, sensitivity and other virtues are present. Conclusions: Identification of various forms of dialogue, acquaintance, joke, cooperation, etc. In accordance with the position of speakers, the level of conversation changes and a dialogue were drawn up.

Роль диалога в изучении художественного текста

The article is devoted to the analysis of the types of dialogue in the texts of fictional woks of Kyrgyz writers from the point of semantics. The woks of Ch. Aitmatov, T. Kasymbekov were used for illustration. The analysis of the types of dialogue in works of art helped to identify not only the specifics of the individual authors use of words, the peculiarities of the style of an individual writer or the figurative system of a particular work of art, but also an attempt was made to establish general patterns in the use of types of dialogue that help in disclosing the idea of a work, in the internal the world of heroes. This orientation was motivated, first of all, by educational goals- the search for the most effective ways to study the types of dialogue in a literary text, which are an important component of the structure of a prose work, which have their own functions and tasks.

An Ode to Binomials: Linnaeus's Taxonomy

An Ode to Binomials: Linnaeus's Taxonomy is a prosetry (an integrated work of poetry and prose) with lyrical qualities on the history, description, value, and procedures of Linnaeus's binomial nomenclature.

Персонажная система и мотивная структура повести Г. Башкуева «Убить время»

Introduction. Gennady Bashkuev’s works attempt to comprehend the late Soviet and post-Soviet eras, and To Kill Time proves a most significant prose work of the writer. Goals. The article seeks to identify and analyze the relationship between the system of characters in the novel and its motif structure, which helps clarify the underlying idea of the work, eclectic in structure and close in form to a short story cycle. Methods. The study rests on the theses about a relationship between semantics of motif and character, predicativity of motif, and on the concept of motif complexes and leitmotif construction of the narrative. Results. The main character of the novel is the narrator, the narrative proper divided into childhood memories and those of recent past. The characters of childhood can be clustered into three groups: family, friends, adults —motifs of happiness, celebration, romantic dreams and that of loss are associated with them. The characters of adulthood are women and childhood friends who are associated with motifs of marginal life, betrayal, guilt, and that of romance. The motifs of ‘childhood’ and ‘adulthood’ memories are intertwined, and it is the motif structure that ensures the integrity of the narrative. The key role in the novel is played by the binary image — the saleswoman Inga and the city madwoman — that combines two main themes for the narrator’s self-reflection: childhood and women. The plot structure partly fits into the universal mythological scheme: a series of trials — sketches-events from the life of the autobiographical narrator — is built into somewhat a ‘mythological journey’ to finally end with the acquisition of ‘elixir’ — catharsis and spiritual liberation. Conclusions. The image of the protagonist, the narrator, is explicated in the text and is revealed in the system of motifs associated with characters of his memories. Analysis of the character system proves instrumental in revealing key ideas of the novel and interpreting its title: those are reflections about time that become a focus of the author’s viewpoint uniting the seemingly disparate stories.

MAWLAVI ZULFIQAR ALI AL-DEOBANDI AND HIS CREATIVE WORKS: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

This Abstract highlights the study of the life and character of Mawlavi Zulfiqar Ali al-Deobandi (the father of Mawlavi Mahmud al-Hassan, known as Sheikh of India), who was one of the scholars in India in the twentieth century. It deals with his creative works in prose, poetry, and translation. Where he has artistic prose and a variety of Arabic poetry In addition that, he has great service in the art of translation as he has translated many poetry collections, such as the Seven Muallaqaat, Abu Tammam's Divan, Al-Mutanabi Diwan, Diwan Al-Buhtri, the poem Al-Burda by Imam Al-Busiri (may God have mercy on him) and other Arabic poetry into the Urdu Language. Which was -at that time and until now - being taught in private and governmental universities in India and Pakistan, and it was difficult for teachers to elaborate on them and for the learners to understand. So all this fine work, if it indicates anything, indicates his tremendous efforts in serving the Arabic language and spreading it among the Urdu-speaking people in India and Pakistan.

Religious Reform Trends in IfraneAtlas-Alsaghir: The Traditional Coranic School of Tankert as a Model

In the 14th century AH, a movement of religious and literary renaissance emerged in the oasis of Ifrane Atlas-Alsaghir that was called “The valley of the poets”. The religious jurists (الفقهاء) and the poets in this region are still contributing to literary and religious knowledge in the southern souss region, and in the Maghreb in general. The total of what was mentioned by the Ifranian poets reached more than twenty thousand verses of poetry, in addition to other works of prose and rhetoric as stated by Muhammad Al-MukhtarAlsoussi in his book Al-Maassoul (المعسول).&#x0D; This study aims to investigate into the roles of the traditional religious school of TankertinIfrane Atlas-Alsaghir, and its contribution in the field of intellectual and literary knowledge production in the domains of poetry, Sufism, and religious education. This paper will also provide an overview of the role of some prominent Ifranian local families in the emergence of Sufi trends like Ennasiriyah(الناصرية), Darqawi (الدرقاوية), and Tijania(التيجانية) religious movements. Furthermore, this study will shed more light on the social roles of the prominent religious poets and jurists who taught jurisprudence, literature and Sufism in this traditional Coranic School