Properties Of Textile Products Research Articles

The Effect of Softeners on Thermal Comfort and Wetting Properties of Bamboo Viscose and Bamboo/Cotton Blended Fabrics

ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is a great interest on thermal comfort properties of textile products. In addition to fiber properties and fabric structure, the finishing applications influencing thermophysiological comfort and wetting properties are searched to contribute better characteristics to the garments. In this study, it was purposed to investigate the effect of various softeners on thermal comfort and wetting properties of the 100% bamboo viscose and bamboo/cotton blended knitted fabrics. The different softeners were applied to the fabrics by padding method. Furthermore, the washing durability of the softeners after 10 and 20 washing cycles was evaluated. Thermal comfort, water vapor permeability, and vertical capillary wetting measurements of the fabrics were performed. The results were evaluated statistically. According to the results, it was found that thermal resistance values of softened bamboo viscose and bamboo/cotton blended fabrics were lower than those of untreated and unwashed fabrics. Softening treatments increased thermal absorptivity values and supplied a cooler feeling. Moreover, the vertical capillary wetting values of the softened fabrics were lower than those of untreated fabrics.

Modification of polyacrylonitrile fabric for antibacterial application by tetracycline immobilization

In recent years, usage of textile materials that made from synthetic polymers increased rapidly due to these products show good durability, resistant to chemicals, abrasion, tension, shrinkage corrugation. Properties of textile products that made from synthetic polymer could be improved and new features could be added via enzymatic modification. In addition, functional medical textile materials could be improved from modified products using the different bioactive compounds. In this study, enzymatic modification of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fabric that use in the textile industry were performed and a new product that has antibacterial properties via tetracycline immobilization was developed. For this purpose, first, enzymatic modification of PAN fabric was performed. Nitrilase was used for modification of PAN fabrics. After drying of PAN fabrics that incubated with nitrilase was taken contact angle measurements, SEM images and ATR-FTIR spectra and examined the modification. Carboxylic acid groups consisted in PAN fabric structure as a result of enzymatic modification and tetracycline was immobilized to carboxylic acid groups using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) at optimum reaction conditions. After immobilization, contact angle measurements, SEM images and ATR-FTIR spectra of PAN fabrics were performed. In addition, antibacterial properties of the obtained product were examined.

Research on the effect of compositions of ecologically safe substances on the hygienic properties of textile products

Textile products are an integral part of people’s everyday life. In the process of exploitation of textile products, the human body directly contacts with textile materials throughout life, so the issue of their safety is especially important in the production of textiles and clothing. Creation of innovative formulae of washing compositions allows combining the high efficiency of the washing process with the treatment of textiles with special types of finishing. Studies aimed at the development of effective compositions with polyfunctional action based on surfactants (surface-active biodegradable substances) with the use of antimicrobial preparations are urgent and promising. They also contribute to the development of the market of chemical products, reduce the material consumption of technology and the cost of production and increase the ecological safety of the process. A complex evaluation of changes in the operational properties of textile materials after treatment with compositions of ecologically safe substances was carried out. The results of the study will contribute to reducing the ecological burden on the environment and human health. In addition, this ensures the preservation of the consumer properties of textile products during operation. The complex study of the influence of compositions of ecologically safe substances on the hygienic properties of textile products is presented. The analysis of the effectiveness of the compositions on the technological parameters (washing ability, anti-resorption capacity, composition concentration, treatment time) of the process of removal of contaminations from textile products made of cotton, polyester and their mixtures was carried out. The quantitative indices of capillarity of fabrics are determined, namely, the raising height of the composition of solutions (h, mm), which characterizes the quality of cleaning of pores of textile materials. Experimental data indicate that the treatment of fabrics made of cotton and polyester and mixtures thereof contributes to their hydrophilicity, which is expressed in improving their wettability with aqueous solutions and increasing capillarity from 131 mm to 152 mm due to the presence of adsorbed surfactants on materials. The influence of compositions of ecologically safe substances on the representative of the normal microflora of the human body P. freudenreichii was investigated. It was found that the culture was restored to 10 4 –10 5 cells/ml after 48 hours of fabric sample exposure and in the P. freudenreichii sterility control environment. It was found that treatment of textile products at the concentration of compositions of ecologically safe substances of 2.5 g/l is technologically and ecologically expedient. As the high quality of cleaning of products is achieved (from 80 % to 88 %), the capillarity of textile materials increases, and the healthy microflora of human skin is preserved. The obtained research data allows us to recommend the use of compositions of ecologically safe substances for the treatment of special-purpose textile products (for military, athletes, etc.), as well as home textiles

A Review on Applications of Liposomes in Textile Processing

This review discusses the properties of liposomes and their role in the textile process, including textile preparation and dyeing. Liposomes have a surface activity effect due to a hydrophilic head group and hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail. Its preparations do not tend to foam, which advantageously distinguishes them from other textile auxiliaries. According to the carrier role of liposomes, they can be used in several textile processes such as textile finishing and dyeing with several types of dyes and fibers. Each application is discussed in this review paper. Several types of dyes are encapsulated by liposomes in the dyeing process and their presence indicates that they have retardant and leveling effects according to their gradual release of dyes. In addition, the presence of liposomes in the textile process can improve the mechanical properties of textile products, resulting in better wash fastness properties and leveling effect and handle properties. The best character of liposomes is a reduction in temperature of process resulting to save energy and they are environment degradable materials.

Experimental and Theoretical Diffusion Modelling of Gas Filtration Processes

This paper presents the study of structures of random fibre arrangement with very high irregularity and textiles made of fibres with a very high level of parallelism, arranged in layers. Studying of textile materials by the proposed aerodynamic method, namely, the gas filtration modeling, enables the differentiation of their internal structure. Therefore, it can be applied to modern analysis and comparison of use characteristics of any textiles. Gas filtration modeling consists of blowing an air stream through a textile sample of a porous structure. The flow is ruled by Darcy’s law and Poieuille’a-Hagen’s law and by mass, momentum and energy conservation laws. The theoretical model of studies assumes dividing the sample thickness into layers in which, on the basis of pressure Δpi and mass flux m measurements, we calculate: dk-diameter of ducts; f-specific surface, Ki-Darcy coefficient, Rei, Eui, Dai – Reynolds, Euler and Darcy numbers. There are inlet and outlet convection zones. Local studies of the structure are also analysed in relation to the whole sample and averaged in the form of global values. The test stand includes a measuring cassette, manometers, an air blower, meters of air stream mass (turbine and El-flow ones) and control valves. Homogeneous and multi-layer materials of thickness up to 50 mm can be tested. Measurements are carried out for samples arranged at different angles and with air streams of different magnitude, dividing the sample into layers Agi. It enables the evaluation of properties of textile products, their axial and circumferential irregularity as well as the determination of new physical modelling factors. The studies can also be used for comparative analysis of various textiles and evaluation of their suitability for different industrial applications.

Analysis of Blend Irregularities and Fiber Migration Index of Wool/Acrylic Blended Worsted Yarns by Using an Image-analysis Technique

Fiber-blending irregularities and fiber distribution in blended-yarn cross-sections are particularly important in determining the mechanical, functional, and aesthetic properties of textile products. In the work reported in this paper, wool/acrylic blended worsted yams with a linear density of 32 tex (31 Nm), twist level of 414 tpm and with different blend ratios (75/25, 50/50 and 25/75) were produced. The digital images of yarn cross-sections with pre-dyed fibers were prepared using an optical microscope and a digital image capturing system. By applying a mathematical technique on bitmap data, the Index of Blend Irregularities, sizes of fiber clusters and preferential fiber migration were measured. The experimental results indicated a good correlation between the proposed image processing technique and that of the visual method. The index of blend irregularities and sizes of fiber clusters for wool/acrylic blended yarns were shown to range from 1.97 to 2.2 and from 3.87 to 4.88, respectively. In addition, the acrylic fibers in blended yarns were preferentially positioned in outer layers of the yarn cross-section.