Properties Of Phase Change Materials Research Articles

Synergistic enhancement of metal–organic framework-derived hierarchical porous materials towards photothermal conversion and storage properties of phase change materials

The design and synthesis of composite phase change materials that integrate photothermal conversion and latent heat storage have guiding significance for the efficient development and utilisation of solar energy. In this study, taking into consideration the advantages of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with adjustable structure and properties, HKUST-1-derived CuO/hierarchical porous carbon materials were employed and integrated with palmitic acid (PA) to synthesise composite phase change materials that exhibit exceptional comprehensive properties. The effects of different carbonation temperatures on HKUST-1-derived CuO/hierarchical porous carbon were analysed through a series of characterisations. The hierarchical porous structure in the blended system offers abundant pore structure and high specific surface area to prevent leakage of phase change materials. Composite phase change materials can maintain good shape stability and excellent thermal energy storage capacity. The thermal storage efficiency and photothermal conversion efficiency are 98.28% and 81.83%, respectively. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity of the composite phase change material is 3.65 times that of pure PA. In conclusion, the MOFs derivative-based composite phase change materials designed in this study exhibited potential for thermal energy storage and can be applied to the field of solar energy conversion and storage systems.

Contemporary roof pattern for energy efficient buildings: Air conditioning cost alleviation, CO2 emission mitigation potential and acceptable payback period

Buildings account for a significant portion of global energy use and consumption. Buildings have substantial energy consumption due to the use of heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. It is evident that the use of insulation materials and phase change materials (PCMs) in the design of buildings can effectively reduce the cost of air conditioning by reducing external heat gains and losses. Additionally, the use of environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and natural materials can be beneficial from an environmental standpoint. This paper aims to evaluate the potential for cost savings in the air conditioning of various PCMs and insulation-stuffed building roof configurations. In that respect, four types of phase change materials (HS29, HS36, FS42, and FS30) and four insulation materials (Therma cork, sawdust, aerogel, and sheep wool) were selected. The thermophysical properties of PCMs (solid and liquid state), insulation materials, and building elements were determined experimentally as per ASTM D 5334 standards. Ten various building roof models (contemporary roof pattern) are studied with four various PCMs and four various insulations. In addition, novel building roof design integrated with PCM/insulation were analysed numerically, related to environmental conditions that refer to two different scenarios in India (hot dry and composite climates). It further analyses the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions associated with different roof configurations. The aforementioned PCM/insulation materials were stuffed in the void spaces of the contemporary roof pattern. Thermo-economic analysis of novel roof design with PCM/insulation materials on air-conditioning costs, carbon dioxide emissions and payback time are compared with conventional roofs (CR) and contemporary roof patterns (CRP). The thermo-economic analysis was carried out based on the number of degree-hours of heating and cooling to determine the building's annual energy usage. HS29 PCM stuffed roof pattern (HS29RP) saved the highest total energy cost savings of 11.89/14.71 $/m2/year when compared with conventional roof and 11.35/13.89 $/m2/year compared with contemporary roof pattern for Jabalpur/Kota climatic conditions. HS29 PCM stuffed roof pattern (HS29RP) exhibits the maximum carbon emission mitigation of 215.32/275.37 kg/kWh when compared with conventional roof and 204.95/259.57 kg/kWh for climatic conditions of Jabalpur/Kota. While considering shortest payback span, sawdust stuffed roof pattern shows the minimum payback period of 0.69 and 2.15 years when compared with conventional roof and contemporary roof pattern. The findings of this research offer significant contributions to the development of energy-efficient building envelopes applicable to a wider range of buildings, including those with and without air conditioning systems.

Reversible Laser Imprinting of Phase Change Photonic Structures in Integrated Waveguides.

Formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) is known as a fast and robust method of functionalization of material surfaces. Of particular interest are LIPSS that manifest as periodic modulation of phase state of the material, as it implies reversibility of phase modification that constitute rewritable LIPSS, and recently was demonstrated for chalcogenide phase change materials (PCMs). Due to remarkable properties of chalcogenide PCMs─nonvolatality, prominent optical contrast and ns switching speed─such novel phase change LIPSS hold potential for exciting applications in all-optical tunable photonics. In this work we explore phase change LIPSS formation in thin films of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) integrated with planar and rib waveguides. We demonstrate that by fine-tuning laser radiation, the morphology of phase change LIPSS can be controlled, including their period and fill factor, and investigate the limitations of multicycle rewriting of the structures. We also demonstrate the formation of phase change LIPSS on a 1D waveguide, which has potential for use as tunable Bragg filters or structures for on-demand light decoupling into the far-field. The presented concept of applying phase change LIPSS offers a promising approach to enable fast and simple tuning in integrated photonic devices.

Simulation and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Pore Shape on Heat Transfer Behavior of Phase Change Materials in Porous Metal Structures.

With the gradual increase in energy demand in global industrialization, the energy crisis has become an urgent problem. Due to high heat storage density, small volume change, and nearly constant transition temperature, phase change materials (PCMs) provide a promising method to store thermal energy. In this work, we designed and fabricated three kinds of porous metal structures with hexagonal, rectangular, and circular pores and explored the phase change process of PCMs within them. A two-dimensional numerical model was established to investigate the heat transfer process of PCMs within different shapes of porous metal structures and analyze the influence of heat source location on the thermal performance of the thermal storage units. Visualization experiments were also carried out to reveal the melting process of PCMs within different porous metal structures by a digital camera. The results show that paraffin in a porous metal structure with hexagonal pores has the fastest melting rate, while that in a porous metal structure with circular pores has the slowest melting rate. Under the bottom heating mode, the melting time of the paraffin in porous metal structures with hexagonal pores is shortened by 18.6% compared to that in porous metal structures with circular pores. Under the left heating mode, the corresponding melting time is shortened by 16.7%. These findings in this work will offer an effective method to design and optimize the structure of porous metal and improve the thermal properties of PCMs.

Machine learning applications for predicting liquid fraction in a PV system with NEPCM and fins

The heat-absorbing and heat-releasing properties of phase-change materials (PCMs) at specific temperatures make them ideal for improving the thermal management of solar systems. Thermal conductivity of PCMs is increased when combined with nanoparticles, leading to significant improvements of their ability to manage and transfer heat efficiently. The objective of this article is to anticipate liquid fraction (LF) with a suitable level of accuracy by utilizing machine learning predictive models in a building-integrated photovoltaic (PV) system. Four different system configurations were proposed, namely PCM without fins, PCM with longitudinal fins, PCM with the additional of nanomaterials and longitudinal fins, and PCM with the additional of nanomaterials and Y-shaped fins. After accomplishing the numerical simulation data, in order to save computational cost and maintain accurate predictions, the following models were chosen to accomplish this objective: linear regression, lasso regression, polynomial regression, and an Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. Then, the comparison of them in all cases, using the root mean squared error (RMSE), as well as mean absolute error (MAE). The ARIMA model had superior performance in predicting PCM LF, achieving an RMSE of 0.0149 and an MAE of 0.0093. This technique has been used to predict the LF of the other situations. The results indicated that the case incorporating PCM with the inclusion of nanoparticles and longitudinal fins exhibited the shortest time required to reach the LF value of 1. The approach used in this study reduces the reliability on computationally expensive simulations, which provides a more efficient method for optimizing PV systems. The study also highlights the potential of machine learning to enhance thermal management of PV cells, contributing to more efficient and sustainable energy solutions.

Advancements in Nanomaterial Dispersion and Stability and Thermophysical Properties of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials for Biomedical Applications.

Phase change materials (PCMs) are materials that exhibit thermal response characteristics, allowing them to be utilized in the biological field for precise and controllable temperature regulation. Due to considerations of biosafety and the spatial limitations within human tissue, the amount of PCMs used in medical applications is relatively small. Therefore, researchers often augment PCMs with various materials to enhance their performance and increase their practical value. The dispersion of nanoparticles to modify the thermophysical properties of PCMs has emerged as a mature concept. This paper aims to elucidate the role of nanomaterials in addressing deficiencies and enhancing the performance of PCMs. Specifically, it discusses the dispersion methods and stabilization mechanisms of nanoparticles within PCMs, as well as their effects on thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity, latent heat, and specific heat capacity. Furthermore, it explores how various nano-additives contribute to improved thermal conductivity and the mechanisms underlying enhanced latent heat and specific heat. Additionally, the potential applications of PCMs in biomedical fields are proposed. Finally, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis and offers suggestions for future research to maximize the utilization of nanomaterials in enhancing the thermophysical properties of PCMs for biomedical applications.

Effects of Thermo-Chromic materials (TCMs) on the performance of asphalt pavement with phase change materials (PCMs)

Temperature regulation is crucial for the longevity of pavements. Thermo-Chromic Materials (TCMs) is proposed for effective temperature regression in pavements with Phase Change Materials (PCMs). In this paper, the performance of asphalt pavements in a typical year is investigated with Abaqus, including the peak temperature, the variation of surface temperature and the properties of PCMs before and after the adoption of TCMs. The incorporation of PCMs resulted in a reduction of peak pavement temperatures by 1.3 °C, while the addition of TCMs further decreased temperatures by 38.5 °C. By comparison with the results with and without PCMs as well as with and without TCMs, it is concluded that both PCMs and TCMs may reduce the peak temperature of asphalt pavements. However, TCMs may further regress the peak temperature but does not result in the time delay of peak temperature, as PCMs does. The peak temperature positively correlates with the variation of surface temperature. Nevertheless, although only four types of correlation between the temperature property of TCMs and that of PCMs are involved, the profile or status of PCMs is much more complicatedly influenced after the adoption of TCMs, indicating the interaction between TCMs and PCMs. More time of PCMs is in the phase of solid, due to the modulation of solar radiation. As far as the peak temperature is considered, it is also possible to reduce the amount of PCMs applied in pavements, with the adoption of TCMs. According to the results in this paper, the application of TCMs in an asphalt pavement with PCMs may be an effective way to reduce the peak temperature, to regress the daily variation degree as well as to improve the performance of PCMs.

Investigation of thermal stability improvement in Nb doped Sb2Te3

The phase change material Sb2Te3 (ST) exhibits a fast-switching speed and poor thermal stability because the four-fold rings are dominant and homo-polar bonds are absent in the amorphous state. Many studies have been performed on the improvement of phase change properties. Chemical doping methods have been widely used because additional chemical bonds are formed between the doped element and host atoms, leading to the modification of the local structure and electronic band structure. Previous reports have indicated the importance of the bond length and lattice mismatch in element doped ST. In this study, the electronegativity of the doped elements was investigated because it determines the strength of the bond via charge transfer between two atoms. A strong correlation between the electronegativity of the doped element and the phase change properties of the doped ST was observed. An ideal electronegativity range, which corresponds to some elements doped ST with excellent thermal stability, was found in this investigation. Nb atoms were selected as the optimal dopant to stabilize the amorphous phase of ST because Nb was in the ideal range. Additional homo-polar bonds and Nb-Te bonds can stabilize the amorphous phase because additional energy is required for ring reconstruction during crystallization. Consequently, the thermal stability and resistance difference of the Nb doped ST were significantly improved. In addition, the phase change speed of ST was not affected by Nb doping. This study highlights a new approach for pursuing better properties of phase change materials by chemical doping methods.

Electron-Deficient Multicenter Bonding in Phase Change Materials: A Chance for Reconciliation.

In the last few years, a controversy has been raised regarding the nature of the chemical bonding present in phase change materials (PCMs), many of which are minerals such as galena (PbS), clausthalite (PbSe), and altaite (PbTe). Two opposite bonding models have claimed to be able to explain the extraordinary properties of PCMs in the last decade: the hypervalent (electron-rich multicenter) bonding model and the metavalent (electron-deficient) bonding model. In this context, a third bonding model, the electron-deficient multicenter bonding model, has been recently added. In this work, we comment on the pros and cons of the hypervalent and metavalent bonding models and briefly review the three approaches. We suggest that both hypervalent and metavalent bonding models can be reconciled with the third way, which considers that PCMs are governed by electron-deficient multicenter bonds. To help supporters of the metavalent and hypervalent bonding model to change their minds, we have commented on the chemical bonding in GeSe and SnSe under pressure and in several polyiodides with different sizes and geometries.

Multizone Modeling for Hybrid Thermal Energy Storage

This study presents a one-dimensional mathematical model developed to simulate multi-zone thermal storage systems using phase change materials (PCMs). The model enables precise analysis of temperature distribution in the layered storage based on several PCM configurations and properties. It is distinguished by its adaptability to various tank geometries and the number of PCM capsules, enabling its application under diverse operating conditions. By simplifying the implementation of heat transfer processes that depend on the shape of the capsule and the thermal properties of the PCM, the computation time can be reduced to a level that makes simulations over longer periods feasible. Experimental validation confirmed the accuracy of the model, with deviations below 6%, underscoring its practical applicability. The study demonstrates that individual layering in the storage tank can be achieved by filling it with PCMs of different melting points without compromising the maximum storage capacity. It is shown that including a PCM layer can maintain the outlet temperature 20% longer while storing 14% more energy. The results point out the model’s potential to improve the performance of thermal storage systems through targeted PCM layer configurations. The model serves as the basis for the planning and optimization of these systems.

Estimation of Thermal Properties of Solid–Liquid Phase Change Material Using Fuzzy Inference Methods

The accurate measurement of thermal properties in phase change materials holds significant importance for engineering applications. This research introduces fuzzy inference methods to estimate the thermal properties of phase change materials. The solution to the coupled heat transfer involving radiation and conduction in material is achieved through a hybrid approach, which combines the finite volume method with the discrete ordinate method. The estimation process is structured as an inverse problem, where the temperature on the material surface acts as the measurement signal for conducting the inverse analysis. Both the fuzzy inference method and the decentralized fuzzy inference method are utilized to address the inverse heat transfer problem. This enables the determination of latent heat and thermal conductivities for both solid and liquid regions within the phase change material. Retrieval results demonstrate that the thermal properties of phase change materials can be accurately estimated using fuzzy inference methods. While both two fuzzy inference methods perform similarly in estimating a single parameter, the fuzzy inference method has limitations in multiparameter estimation tasks. Conversely, the decentralized fuzzy inference method yields accurate results in simultaneous estimation problems. Furthermore, this method proves robust in estimating the thermal properties of phase change materials, even in the presence of noisy data.

Numerical simulations on hybrid thermal management of mini-channel cold plate and PCM for lithium-ion batteries

This study presents a novel hybrid thermal management system (HTMS) leveraging the mature technology of mini-channel cold plates (MCPs) and the superior thermal properties of phase change material (PCM). For single-cell scales to study their hybrid structures, it is found that the structure of 3channel and 5 mm PCM can reduce the battery temperature from 64.45 °C to 42.83 °C for a 2C discharge by 33.55 %. Furthermore, this study investigates the influence of coolant flow rate, temperature, and PCM thickness on the thermal management system. The findings indicate that HTMS can fulfill thermal management tasks that are not possible with the single-side PCM cooling system, while simultaneously saving 13 times the energy compared to the single-side MCPs cooling system to achieve the similar effect. For battery-pack scales to study their coupled structures, and the results show that the PCM alone effectively cools the battery, reducing its temperature from 55.34 °C to 42 °C at an ambient temperature of 35 °C during low-multiplication discharge. Furthermore, under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) condition, the battery pack temperature is maintained within 30 °C with a temperature difference of 0.03 °C, highlighting the exceptional performance of HTMS.

Synthesis and Studying Physicochemical Properties of Phase-Change Materials Based on Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate

Synthesis and Studying Physicochemical Properties of Phase-Change Materials Based on Zinc Nitrate Hexahydrate

Structure Design and Heat Transfer Performance Analysis of a Novel Composite Phase Change Active Cooling Channel Wall for Hypersonic Aircraft.

Efficient and stable heat dissipation structure is crucial for improving the convective heat transfer performance of thermal protection systems (TPSs) for hypersonic aircraft. However, the heat dissipation wall of the current TPS is limited by a single material and structure, inefficiently dissipating the large amount of accumulated heat generated during the high-speed maneuvering flight of hypersonic aircraft. Here, a convection cooling channel structure of TPS is proposed, which is an innovative multi-level structure inspired by the natural honeycomb. An active cooling channel (PCM-HC) is designed by using a variable-density topology optimization method and filled with phase change material (PCM). Numerical simulations are used to investigate the thermal performance of the PCM-HC wall, focusing on the influence of PCM properties, structural geometric parameters, and PCM types on heat transfer characteristics. The results demonstrate that the honeycomb-like convection cooling channel wall, combined with PCM latent heat of phase change, exhibits superior heat dissipation capability. With a heat flux input of 50 kW/m2, the maximum temperature on the inner wall of PCM-HC is reduced by 12 K to 20 K. Different PCMs have opposing effects on heat transfer performance due to their distinct thermophysical properties. This work can provide a theoretical basis for the design of high-efficiency cooling channel, improving the heat dissipation performance in the TPS of hypersonic aircraft.

Limitations of the enthalpy-porosity method for numerical simulation of close-contact melting on inclined surfaces

One of the main challenges for latent thermal energy storage (LTES) systems is low heat transfer rates due to the low thermal conductivity of most phase change materials (PCM). Close-contact melting (CCM) can accelerate melting times in LTES systems but the current numerical techniques for solid liquid phase change have difficulties with accurately predicting this process. In this study, close-contact melting of PCM on an inclined surface is simulated using the enthalpy-porosity method in ANSYS Fluent. All PCM properties, including density, are temperature-dependent. In this way, phenomena such as natural convection, volume change and buoyancy between the solid and liquid are taken into account. The volume change is compensated by a gaseous expansion volume. Both 2D and 3D simulations are used to show discrepancy between state-of-the-art enthalpy porosity modelling and experimentally observed phenomena in the case of CCM. The mushy zone constant, which is set to 105 to allow motion of the solid bulk, causes the solid phase to deform as a highly viscous fluid instead of moving as a rigid body. The velocity differences inside the solid are more than 50 % of its sinking velocity. As a result, the movement of the solid resembles creep behaviour and the obtained CCM patterns are not physically accurate. Furthermore, the density difference between the solid and liquid phases causes an avalanching effect in the mushy zone, which artificially strengthens convection. In conclusion, the enthalpy porosity method exhibits significant limitations in accurately capturing close-contact melting phenomena.

Study on the encapsulation effect and mechanism of hollow ceramsite to phase change materials (PCMs)

In order to promote the development of phase change materials (PCMs) and make them better applied, more in-depth research on the PCMs encapsulation is needed. The hollow ceramsite prepared in this study is a new type of PCMs carrier. Due to its unique structure, the encapsulation of PCMs by hollow ceramsite differs from that of ordinary porous ceramsite. In this paper, the adsorption and sealing effect of hollow ceramsite on PCMs was studied, the key factors affecting the adsorption and sealing effect were determined, and the encapsulation mechanism was revealed. The results show that the driving force of PCMs into the cavity of hollow ceramsite is mainly from the external pressure; the pore size and PCMs properties are the key factors determining the adsorption effect of hollow ceramsite. The pressure on the pore is proportional to the square of the pore diameter; increasing pore size enhances the possibility of the PCMs entering the cavity of ceramsite. The contact angle between PCMs and pores is smaller, and the surface tension of the PCMs in the pores is greater, making it difficult for PCMs to enter the cavity of ceramsite. The sealing mechanism of the coating on infiltrating PCMs is achieved by reducing the pore diameter of the sealing coating and increasing the resistance of PCMs to break through the pore. The sealing mechanism of the coating on non-infiltrating PCMs is achieved by changing the contact property between the PCMs and pore, increasing the energy barrier. After coating, the mass loss rate of infiltrating paraffin was controlled within 5 %, and the leakage rate of non-infiltrating hydrated salt was controlled within 1 %.

Encapsulation effectiveness and thermal energy storage performance of aluminum-graphite composite phase change materials subjected to oxide coating

The utilization of metals as phase change materials (PCMs) in high-temperature latent heat storage technology holds promising prospects, especially when integrated with concentrated solar power (CSP) systems, as it enables higher working temperatures for CSP and enhances power generation cycle efficiency. However, the practical application of metal-based phase change processes faces challenges such as liquid leakage and high-temperature corrosion, which impede their widespread implementation. In this study, aluminum (Al) is employed as the PCM, while expanded graphite (EG) is used as the matrix material. Composite PCMs with embedded structures were synthesized using powder metallurgy techniques. Notably, an oxidation pre-treatment process was employed to create an oxide layer on the surface of Al particles, thereby improving the encapsulation performance and thermal properties of the composite PCM. By increasing the oxidation pre-treatment temperature to 1100°C, the maximum encapsulation ratio was enhanced from 50 wt% to 80 wt%, and the latent heat energy storage density increased from 101.0 J/g to 188.2 J/g. Moreover, the composite PCM subjected to oxidation pre-treatment at temperatures of 670°C and above maintained a stable structure, chemical composition, and energy storage density after 50 thermal cycles. Within the temperature range of 600–700°C, the total energy storage density of the composite PCM reached 284.5 J/g. These results indicate that the oxidation pre-treatment is a promising technology in high-temperature energy storage technology.

Preparation and Performance of Inorganic Hydrated Salt-Based Composite Materials for Temperature and Humidity Regulation

In this work, it was first proposed to combine hydrated salt phase change materials (PCMs) with humidity control materials to prepare the temperature and humidity control material. The composite PCM was prepared by absorbing Na2HPO4·12H2O with colloidal silicon dioxide, and diatomite was selected as the humidity control material. The humidity performance tests found that diatomite had good moisture absorption/desorption capacity and excellent moisture buffering capacity. The supercooling degree tests showed that Na2SiO3·9H2O as nucleating agent effectively reduced the supercooling degree, and the addition of deionized water improved the water loss problem of composite PCMs. The DSC tests showed that the enthalpy and melting temperature of composite PCMs were 153.1 J/g and 28.9°C, respectively. By placing the temperature and humidity control material in different humidity, it was found that the moisture content of diatomite affected the thermal properties of composite PCMs. Diatomite could not only transfer moisture to hydrated salts but also absorb moisture from hydrated salt. The application performance tests of the temperature and humidity control material in the room model showed that it could simultaneously regulate indoor temperature and humidity. Overall, this temperature and humidity control material was more suitable for environments with high relative humidity such as greenhouses.

Effect of varying the thermophysical properties of phase change material on the performance of photovoltaic/thermal-PCM hybrid module numerically

The present investigation uses ANSYS-Fluent to establish a three-dimensional computational model to examine the impact of varying thermophysical properties of phase change material on photovoltaic/thermal system performance. A merit function is employed to determine the impact of varying the PCM thermophysical properties on the system to assess the economic feasibility of a proposed PV/T-PCM setup. The findings indicate that, despite the coolant discharge temperature appearing to be somewhat greater for the PV/T-PCM layout than for the PV/T design, the average PV surface temperature seems to be lower for the PV/T-PCM module. Additionally, the coolant outlet temperature dramatically improves with elevating the PCM melting temperature and thermal conductivity. When the latent heat of PCM elevates from 80 to 240 kJ/kg, the thermal and total energy efficiencies for the PV/T-PCM structure decline from 60.8 to 49.2 % and 72.6 to 61 %, respectively. Moreover, boosting the PCM melting temperature and thermal conductivity, respectively, from 305 to 323 K and 0.1 to 0.5 W/m.K dramatically enhances the total energy efficiency by about 13 and 10 %. It is found that varying the PCM melting temperature has a significantly greater impact on the total energy efficiency of PV/T-PCM module than that for the latent heat of fusion and thermal conductivity, where the total energy efficiency marginally increases from about 47.5 to 77.75 %, when boosting the PCM melting temperature from 305 to 323 K. With increasing the melting temperature and the thermal conductivity of the PCM, the heat to electricity ratio and the merit function value are significantly enhanced for the PV/T-PCM layout.

Phase change materials encapsulated in a novel hybrid carbon skeleton for high-efficiency solar-thermal conversion and energy storage

Phase change materials (PCMs) with high energy density and stationary transition temperature are now considered promising solar energy storage mediums. However, their intrinsic poor light absorption, thermal conductivity and stability severely impede their potential applications. In this study, a novel carbonized hybrid aerogel (CHA) structure was firstly constructed by incorporating MXene and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) into a continuous phase polyamic acid salt (PAAS) aqueous solution, followed by directional freezing, vacuum drying, imidization, and carbonization processes. Finally, the composite PCMs (CPCMs) were fabricated by vacuum impregnation of PCMs into the CHAs. The CPCM, of which CHA consists of 20 wt% MXene and 10 wt% CNF@PDA, demonstrates high solar-thermal conversion efficiency (>91 %), improved thermal conductivity of 0.40 W·m−1·K−1, great thermal stability (enthalpy loss < 0.19 % after 100 cycling tests with no obvious leakage). The introduction of MXene and CNFs endows PCM with broader light absorption spectrum range. The skeleton matrix embedded with bonded MXene sheets and CNFs provides more thermal pathways, light absorption sites and carrying capacity, improves the thermal conductivity, solar-thermal conversion property and stability of PCM. In addition, CPCM also exhibits outstanding EMI SE (95 dB). The multifunctional and high-performance CPCMs shows potential to realize the effective capture and utilization of solar energy. This work provides a new strategy to construct stable and multifunctional hybrid carbon skeleton for high-efficiency solar-thermal conversion and energy storage.