Properties Of Hybrid Composite Materials Research Articles

Synthesis and sorption properties of hybrid composite materials based on saponite and copolymer 5-(4′-nitro)-phenylazo-8-methacryloxyquinoline: MMA

A new polymer–mineral composite was synthesized by adsorption of the copolymer of 5-(4′-nitro)-phenylazo-8-methacryloxyquinoline with methyl methacrylate on the surface of natural saponite clay. Using computer processing of isotherms of low-temperature adsorption–desorption of nitrogen, a decrease in the specific surface area of saponite after fixing this copolymer was recorded. Using the BJH method, it was calculated that after the adsorption of the copolymer, the average pore volume of the surface of the original mineral decreases and the average pore diameter increases. The sorption capacity of the synthesized composite concerning metal ions compared to the original mineral increases.

A Real Test and Simulation Result Comparison of Selected Properties of Hybrid Composite Materials

In this study, the notion of composite materials is thoroughly assessed. Actual and simulation in a specific computer software stress testing of hybrid composites are investigated. The paper deals with the mechanics of rigid bodies, their elasticity, strength, and stiffness. In addition to a general overview of the former’s behavior and properties, this paper presents the possibility of calculating the bearing capacity of various materials in relevant computer programs. The production and testing process of the composite samples are described. The latter are then subjected to simulated tests in computer software. The main objective of this study is to compare real test results of hybrid composites, namely combined carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid-carbon fibers, aramid honeycomb, and metal mesh with the simulation findings.

A Critical Review on Tribological and Mechanical Characteristics of Hybrid Polymer Composite Materials

AbstractThis review paper presents tribological and mechanical characteristics of hybrid polymer composite materials that exhibit low friction and low wear. Polymer fiber reinforced materials possess low weight and high specific quality along with high specific stiffness. This study targets a critical review of wear and frictional characteristics of hybrid polymer composite materials. Tribological properties have been evaluated by various researchers using a rotating pin‐on‐disc tribometer and reciprocating wear testing machine. Most likely filler materials are carbon, graphite, nano silica, bronze, glass fibers, MoS2, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) added in the polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyamide 66, thermoses polymer, etc. It improves mechanical and tribological properties of hybrid composite materials. This review paper aims to highlights the comparative study of various fillers added in PEEK, Polyamide 66, and thermoses polymer hybrid materials. Recently hybrid composites are used in wide range of applications since it has light weight and high strength.

Structural analysis of experimentally fabricated glass fiber reinforced (GFRP) composites

Engineering materials play major role in the production system with wide applications since ancient periods till today. Engineering materials like metals, non-metals, ceramics, plastics and composites are selected based on their properties suitable in the field of applications. GFRP are compared to the fiber glass material, GFRP wide real time applications as in case of research laboratories,MRI units, manufacturing critical impact parts, home build equipments like interior works, high fatigue purposes and high compressive structural equipment designs. Composite materials have wide range of structural applications in engineering fields also. In this work, glass fiber reinforced composite material (GFRP) with different layers of laminates is prepared as per the required dimensions and experiments are conducted for structural analysis of GFRP composite material. The present research work the Mechanical structural analysis conducted. The experimental results also reveal that plays a significant role in the enhancement of mechanical properties such as tensile strength, failure strain, and hardness. Again the experimental properties obtained for GFRP material from statistical tests are compared with its theoretical properties. Also the properties of GFRP are compared with the other composite materials to have real time applications of fiber glass material. The experimental results indicated an outstanding improvement in the tensile, impact, and flexural properties of hybrid composite materials. The results showed Young’s modulus of 25.42 GPa, and maximum bending deflection attained at yield stress of 133 MPa with ultimate tensile stress of 533 MPa.

ГИБРИДНЫЕ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ НА ОСНОВЕ МЕДИ (обзор)

The article presents a scientific and technical literature review of copper-based hybrid composite materials (CM). Common combinations of reinforcing components for the manufacture of hybrid composite materials are presented. The main methods for fabricating copper-based hybrid CMs are briefly mentioned. The influence of a combination of various types of reinforcing components and their volume or mass content on the mechanical, thermophysical and tribological properties of hybrid CMs based on copper is considered. A comparison of the characteristics of hybrid CMs with matrix alloys or metallic CMs of similar systems is given.

Enhancement of Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Composite Materials

A hybrid composite materialsare one of the types to provide good suspension in wheeled vehicles application.By reducing weight of suspension systems, lowers total fuel exhaustion and costs.One of the most common approaches is to replace steel components with composite materials.To improve safety, comfort, and durability, composite have been introduced. Composite materials are corrosion resistant, have a good strength-to-weight ratio, and can store a lot of elastic strain. The aim of this study is to look into the structural properties of a hybrid compositematerials made of 95 percent Epoxy, 5% rubber, 5% glass fiber, and 5% hybrid composite of rubber and glass fiber. Since it has advantages over other approaches, hand layup was used in the fabrication. The mechanical experiments were used to determine the efficacy of the proposed composite leaf spring. We performed tensile, impact, hardness tests. When reinforcing fibers were used, the experimental results showed an improvement in hardness, impact, tensile strength. after the reinforcing fibers have been added, the best mechanical test results were obtained when hybrid reinforcement was used.

An investigation on dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid composite materials

In recent times, usage of Composite materials is one of the methods to achieve cost effectiveness of a product. In the current research it is intended to characterize a composite material for the usage in bumper reinforcement – automotive application. Materials chosen for the investigation are a natural fiber (JUTE), synthetic fiber (E - GLASS) and resin (EPOXY). Composites are casted by conventional hand lay-up technique cured at room temperature. Further tailored to required dimensions and finally tested for dynamic mechanical properties such as natural frequency by Fast Fourier Transform analyzer (FFT). It can be concluded that, as the percentage of jute increases and E-glass decreases for lower percentage of Epoxy the stiffness of composite decreases resulting in increased vibration levels. The tests are repeated for different composition of resin which also shows similar trend and change in the value of natural frequencies.

Erosive Wear Behavior of Jute Fiber / Polyester resin with Biowaste Materials

The improvement of the mechanical and physical properties of hybrid composite materials plays a huge role in many different engineering applications. In this article, the hybrid composites were prepared using the hand lay up method from polyester resin with 4% wt. jute fibers and reinforcement with different weight fractions of (3%, 6%, 9%, and 11%wt. egg shells powder / rice husk powder) to investigate the resistance of these hybrid polymeric composites to the test erosive wear. The median particle size of the eggshell and rice husk powder used in this research was (15.2 µm, 53.7 µm) respectively. The parameters that were studied during the erosion test (weight fractions of the fillers, impingement angle (30°, 60°, 90°), size silica sand (450, 600, 750µm) at the time constant (15 hours). Erosive wear behavior results for all samples hybrid composites were analyzed and discussed by using the experimental design of Taguchi (L9) (MINITAB 16). We note from the results that the samples (polyester + 4 wt%. Jute fibers + 11% wt. Eggshell powder) and (polyester + 4 wt%. Jute fibers + 11 wt%. rice husk powder) give the best erosive rate (0.00010g, 0.00027 g)respectively at variables (angle 60°, size silica sand 450 µm). Through the results of the ANOVA analysis, it was found that all variables (filler content, angle impingement, and silica sand size) had a significant effect on the erosive test.

Mechanical Performance of Jute and Basalt Fiber Geo-grid-Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite Material

ABSTRACT In the present work, the jute fiber and basalt fiber mats (geo-grid) reinforced with epoxy hybrid composite material were prepared in a laboratory by using hand layup technique. The influence of the stacking sequence on physico-mechanical properties of hybrid composite materials was experimentally investigated as per the ASTM standards. The moisture content in the hybrid composite was slightly on higher side as compared to the simple composite (six layers of jute). The tensile strength of the hybrid composite (two layers of jute) was enhanced by 20% as compared to the simple composite. It was observed that the hybrid composite shows high strain (4.5%) and large extension (13.5 mm) in the flexural test as compared to that of simple composite.

Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Composites between Pineapple fiber/Styrofoam Particle/Paper Tissue

Abstract In this research work, the fabrication and mechanical properties of hybrid composite materials between pineapple fiber/ styrofoam particle and paper tissue were studied. The local natural fiber, pineapple fiber was used with the recycle styrofoam particles to play role of dispersed phase whereas the recycle of paper tissue was used as matrix phase. The composites samples were fabricated via hand lay-up technique and examined the mechanical properties for example, tensile strength, compressive strength and bending. From the results, it could be seen that the sample of 25wt% and 30wt% loading exhibited the best mechanical properties whereas the 40wt% loading showed the exellent sound properties which very closed to commercial products.

A Comparative Study on Physical and Mechanical Behaviour of Functionally Graded Composite Materials reinforced with Natural Fillers

Functionally graded composite materials (FGCMs) are heterogeneous materials, generally consisting two or more different materials, engineered to have a continuously varying spatial composition profile (microstructure, porosity, physical and mechanical properties). In the present work, the experimental set up was fabricated to prepare the composite materials by centrifugal casting techniques. The functionally graded composite materials reinforced with natural fillers (aegle marmelos, terminalia chebula and soapnuts seeds, particle size 2 mm) were prepared. The influence of filler loading (3 to 12 wt.%,) on physico-mechanical properties of hybrid composite materials were investigated as per the ASTM standards. It was found that the tensile strength of the hybrid composite material was increased by 34% as compared to that of pure polyester whereas the impact strength was increased 3.87 times of pure polyester with filler content of 12 wt.% aegle marmelos, 9 w.t% terminalia chebula, 6 wt.% soap nut seed.

Characterisation of Aluminum Metal Matrix Hybrid Composites Subjected to Equal Channel Angular Pressing

The objective of the present study is to prepare hybrid composites of Aluminum2618 reinforced with E-Glass fibres and Silicon carbide (SiC) by stir casting technique and to evaluate the effect of Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) on the Characteristics of Al2618-E-Glass-SiC hybrid composites. Specimens were prepared by adding weight percentage of reinforcements in 2% increments (4% SiC with 2% E-glass fibres and 6% SiC with 4% E-glass fibres). Silicon carbide particles of 35 μm size were added to the matrix. The SPD through Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) was carried out at room temperature. The specimens were subjected to single pass using an ECAP die of 90o channel angle. The performance of the specimens was compared with as casted composites. The micro structural study revealed that the specimens are defects free and also the particles are distributed uniformly. Hardness of the hybrid composite has improved before and after SPD process. The study reveals a reduction in the grain size due to strain hardening by the ECAP process which signifies the enhancement in the mechanical properties of hybrid composite materials.

Влияние компонентов на свойства гибридных композиционных материалов при ударе

Влияние компонентов на свойства гибридных композиционных материалов при ударе

Double negative electromagnetic properties of percolated Fe53Ni47/Cu granular composites

Electromagnetic properties of hybrid composite materials containing copper and permalloy (Fe53Ni47 alloy) particles have been investigated in the RF to microwave frequency range up to 20 GHz. Double negative permittivity and permeability spectra have been observed in the percolated state of the hybrid composite material. The negative permittivity spectra in this composite can be attributed to the low frequency plasmonic state produced by the percolated Cu and permalloy cluster chains as well as the dielectric resonance of the isolated metal clusters. The refractive index spectra which were calculated from the measured permittivity and permeability data indicated the negative refraction from 200 MHz to 1.8 GHz. The near zero or zero refractive index state can be obtained near the two zero crossing frequencies in the refractive index spectra.

Photorefractive and nonlinear optical properties of indium(III) tetra(15-crown-5)phthalocyaninate-based composites

Photoelectric, nonlinear optical, and photorefractive properties of hybrid composite materials based on polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) and indium(III) 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-tetra(15-crown-5)phthalocyaninate [(15C5)4Pc]In(OH) are studied in detail. Field dependence of the quantum efficiency in a 7.8 μm-thick layer containing 5 at % [(15C5)4Pc]In(OH) is measured. The best approximation of the quantum efficiency with Onsager’s equation corresponds to a quantum yield of thermalized electron-hole pairs φ0 = 0.01 at initial separation r 0 = 9.8 A. Z-scan measurements in a nanosecond range showed that the electric susceptibility of [(15C5)4Pc]In(OH) solution in tetrachloroethane (TCE) with a concentration of 7 × 10−4 mol/L is χ(3) = 1.34 × 10−9 esu. The maximum coupling gain coefficient found for the material composed of PVK and 5 wt % [(15C5)4Pc]In(OH) at an electric-field intensity of 200 V/μm is Γ = 80 cm−1, and the difference between the coupling gain and absorption coefficients is Γ − α = 70 cm−1. The dependence of the coupling gain coefficient on the intensity ratio of interfering beams 1 and 2 (β = I 1(0)/I 2(0)) in a composite containing 3 wt % [(15C5)4Pc]In(OH) is measured. An increase in β was attained by decreasing intensity of the signal beam I 2(0) at constant intensity of the pump beam I 1(0) = 0.15 W/cm2 and E 0 = 214 V/μm. Within the initial segment of the curve, the coupling gain coefficient increases from 30 to 60 cm−1; then, the coefficient drops almost to the initial value. The data obtained show that the composite materials studied can be used in practice for correcting faded images. The combined analysis of the results obtained and similar data for gallium and ruthenium tetra-15-crown-5-phthalocyaninate complexes revealed the regularities in the change of the quantum yield of thermalized electron-hole pairs and the photorefractive coupling gain coefficient in a series of complexing metals: gallium(III), ruthenium(II), and indium(III). An increase in the molecular weight of the central metal atom is found to result in a substantial decrease in Γ and φ0 due to the increase in the spin-orbit coupling constant.

Mechanical performance studies on Vetiveria zizanioides/jute/glass fiber-reinforced hybrid polymeric composites

In this study, a new biodegradable hybrid composite material is developed with natural Vetiveria zizanioides (vetiver), woven jute, and commercially available E-glass as reinforcing fibers and vinyl ester as the resin. Vetiver fibers are pretreated with distilled water and alkali followed by heat treatment. Nine composite specimens are prepared by varying the proportions of natural and glass fibers in each and maintaining the resin content as a constant. The specimens are tested for tensile, compressive, flexural, and impact strengths. The results revealed that the chemical treatment to the vetiver fiber shows a substantial improvement in the mechanical properties of hybrid composite material. Also, by proper selection of fiber proportions, glass fibers can be replaced by natural fibers without losing the mechanical properties.

Structure and properties of hybrid composite materials

The structure and interfacial interaction are studied in the hybrid aluminum-matrix composite materials fabricated by reactive casting combined with mechanical mixing of fillers with a metallic melt. The following types of hardening are considered: hardening by ceramic particles and by the phases formed as isolated inclusions or coatings on ceramic particles during in situ reactions. The hardness and tribological properties of the composite materials as functions of their compositions are discussed.

Carbon, polyethylene and PBO hybrid fibre composites for structural lightweight armour

Abstract The properties of hybrid composite materials (based on carbon and organic fibres) have been investigated, with a view to using these materials in polymer composites lightweight structural armour. Laminates were manufactured and their specific ballistic properties and specific compressive strength after impact were determined. The introduction of organic fibres in order to improve ballistic properties has been successful. The associated reduction of specific compressive strength can be more than compensated for by an increase of specific ballistic properties. To achieve this, fractions of each fibre type and their distribution must be optimised and matrices must be optimised to the function of the respective fibre.

Mechanical properties of glass fiber/organic fiber mixed–mat reinforced thermoplastic composites

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of different types of fibers on the mechanical properties of hybrid composite materials. Long and short glass fibers (GF) and different types of organic fibers, viz. aramid fiber, DuPont Kevlar‐49 (KF), liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), and vinylon (VF) in hybrid composites, were used to reinforced the high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The long fiber hybrid composites were prepared in a “fiber separating and flying machine,” while the short fiber hybrid composites were prepared in an “elastic extruder.” The total amount of fibers used in both long and short fiber hybrid composites was fixed at 20 vol%. The influence of fiber content, length, and mixing ratio on mechanical properties, such as tensile, bending, Izod and high rate impact strength, as well as viscoelastic propertics in the solid state, was studied. Fracture surfaces of the materials were also examined using a scanning electron microscopy.

ハイブリッド複合材料の複素弾性係数

In case fiber reinforced plastics are used as construction members, they are often used as the form of combination of different FRP so called hybrid composites.It is necessary for designing the constructions to investigate the dynamical viscoelastic behavior of this material when it is subjected to forced vibration.Analysis of complex modulus of elasticity which expresses not only the rigidity of the material but also the degree of energy absorption as the vibration or sonic absorber is very advantageous problem for this material. For this purpose, the author established a theoretical method which relates the complex modulus of elasticity and the alignment of unit composites to the dynamical behavior of the hybrid composite.Resonance vibration tests by bending were carried out with test specimens, and the appropriateness of this method were verified. For the mathematical calculation, a new programing soft ware for electronic computer was developed.By this study we can control the dynamical viscoelastic properties of hybrid composite materials at the preparing process. Thus raw materials of composites are able to be used efficiently and the fundamental data for designing become to be obtainable.