Proper Labeling Research Articles

A High-Throughput Structural and Electrochemical Study of Metallic Glass Formation in Ni-Ti-Al.

On the basis of a set of machine learning predictions of glass formation in the Ni-Ti-Al system, we have undertaken a high-throughput experimental study of that system. We utilized rapid synthesis followed by high-throughput structural and electrochemical characterization. Using this dual-modality approach, we are able to better classify the amorphous portion of the library, which we found to be the portion with a full width at half maximum (fwhm) of >0.42 Å-1 for the first sharp X-ray diffraction peak. Proper phase labeling is important for future machine learning efforts. We demonstrate that the fwhm and corrosion resistance are correlated but that, while chemistry still plays a role in corrosion resistance, a large fwhm, attributed to a glassy phase, is necessary for the highest corrosion resistance.

For a smooth pharmacy inspection, think ahead and ask questions

For a smooth pharmacy inspection, think ahead and ask questions

Minimally Invasive Surgery and the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Lessons Learned in China and Italy.

Minimally Invasive Surgery and the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: Lessons Learned in China and Italy.

Simple Acrylic Color Technique for the Preparation of Wet Specimen in Anatomy Museum

Introduction: The subject anatomy is an essential subject in medical college for students and museum with attractive, an innovative colored specimen with well-labeled specimen aids a pivotal role in the teaching and learning process. Once the specimen has been selected for coloring, undergoes fixation, acrylic paint coloring, plastic bottle mounting and proper labeling for better visualization of the structure.
 Method: We have utilized a simple acrylic color method for painting the gross specimen available for the teaching and learning process from well-embalmed cadavers. The materials required are acrylic color paint, brush, clear nail polish, glycerin, clear plastic bottle, 10% formaldehyde and can be performed at room temperature.
 Result: The acrylic coloring technique of wet specimen makes specimen attractive which is cost-effective, non-toxic, creates great interest and aids long term memory to the student.
 Conclusion: The acrylic painted wet gross specimen with clear plastic bottle mounting remains stable in 10% formalin without color fading and makes students a better understanding of the subject.

On replacing single-use plastic with so-called biodegradable ones: The case with straws

Plastic pollution is a global environmental concern and several approaches have been implemented seeking to reduce and control releases of plastic waste, especially in marine environments. Recently, disclosure of data on occurrence of single-use plastic straws among the litter collected in beach cleaning campaigns unleashed a worldwide movement that resulted on banning of these items in several countries. The market then quickly began to offer sustainable solutions as the professed biodegradable plastic straws. However, cases of greenwashing added to current limitations related to the technical standards used to attest biodegradability of commercial plastic products may lead these measures to be largely ineffective. Herein, a case study assessing the composition of plastic straws marketed in Brazil and United States under false claims of biodegradability was used as background for discussion of this neglected issue, which goes far beyond plastics straws. Thus, although some local regulations have already banned single-use plastic products, additional actions in regional and global scales should be implemented, especially concerning proper labeling of the alleged biodegradable products. Therefore, from a multi-dimensional perspective and considering the resistance of the powerful plastic industry, multiple management strategies focused on educating people – in the matters of deciding purchases based on correct labeling and properly discarding the waste –, are possibly our best chance to drive a positive global environmental change. Additionally, we also suggest the inclusion of this relevant subject among the tasks proposed by the Basel Convention Partnership on Plastic Waste.

The Syllable Structure of Gbari

The Gbari syllable structure is attested in literature to be V,N,CV, CNV (CnV and CVÌ´) CNGV, OGNV or ONGV (Hyman and Magaji,1970; Rosendall, 1990) using articulatory and perceptual measures. This work revisits the syllable structure of Gbari language, a Nupoid language of the new Benue Congo phylum, using an added measure- the acoustic parameter, arguing some stand point of the previous researchers. It examines the doubtful segments finding best justifiable interpretations for proper labeling. The 1700 SIL Comparative African Wordlist (SILCAWL) 2006, a Nexton digital audio recorder is used to elicit data from six respondents (two females and four males) of 30-70 age range. Phonological observation and analysis coupled with articulatory, perceptual and acoustic parameters are instrumental in the research. The analysis shows ambiguous and questionable CNV structures: a CCV (with C2 as a palatal nasal consonant, a product of coalescence), a nasally released consonant followed by a vowel (CnV) and a consonant followed by a nasalized vowel (CVÌ´). It is in an attempt to resolve this ambiguity and investigate the status of these structures that the researchers came up with a more validating pattern for the Gbari syllable structure summarized as V, CV and CGV. Where V represents the vowel and the syllabic nasal, CV a consonant (with or without secondary articulation) and a vowel (oral or nasalized); and a CGV (all consonant types realized as a segment followed by a glide and a vowel). Gbari language is rich in phonology and is an interesting area for further research.

Nano-Biosensing Platforms for Detection of Cow's Milk Allergens: An Overview.

Among prevalent food allergies, cow milk allergy (CMA) is most common and may persist throughout the life. The allergic individuals are exposed to a constant threat due to milk proteins’ presence in uncounted food products like yogurt, cheese, and bakery items. The problem can be more severe due to cross-reactivity of the milk allergens in the food products due to homologous milk proteins of diverse species. This problem can be overcome by proper and reliable food labeling in order to ensure the life quality of allergic persons. Therefore, highly sensitive and accurate analytical techniques should be developed to detect the food allergens. Here, significant research advances in biosensors (specifically immunosensors and aptasensors) are reviewed for detection of the milk allergens. Different allergic proteins of cow milk are described here along with the analytical standard methods for their detection. Additionally, the commercial status of biosensors is also discussed in comparison to conventional techniques like enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The development of novel biosensing mechanisms/kits for milk allergens detection is imperative from the perspective of enforcement of labeling regulations and directives keeping in view the sensitive individuals.

Virtually Rape: Should Cyber Sexual Offensiveness Constitute Rape?

Rape is the most severe sexual offense, involving one of the most feared and reviled acts a person can inflict on another. But what makes something rape? Initially, only penial-vagina forceful penetration; then, other forceful penial penetrations were added, oral and anal; and later the forceful insertion of inanimate objects as well. The requirement of using force lost its exclusiveness and much of its normative power, paving the way for other kinds of rape: sex by non-forceful coercion, sex by sedation, sex with incompetent victims, sex by fraud, and other forms of problematic sex. The normative debate about each form is ongoing, and in a manner of speaking, rape is a limitless idea. Where will the rape offense go next? Cyberspace, apparently. The Israeli Supreme Court has recently affirmed convictions of rape performed by distant words. The perpetrators conversed with children, teenagers and adult women online, using fraud and blackmail to manipulate them into masturbation and self-penetration. This groundbreaking judicial development is the inspiration to a normative analysis, revolving around Western notions of rape. Should such ill-intended communications constitute rape? The article will normatively scrutinize the virtual rape thesis. It will analytically deconstruct the normative notion of rape into three facets, and examine each separately: the physics of the offensive scenario; the settings thereof, the manner in which sexual autonomy is violated; and finally, the matter of proper criminal labeling. It will conclude that while sexual autonomy is indeed under attack in cyberspace, the framework of rape is unsuitable to handle this form of offensiveness.

Frequency of Mislabeled Specimen in a Histopathology Laboratory

Background: Mislabeled specimens are one of the most common pre-analytic errors in a histopathology laboratory. As histopathology provides the final diagnosis for most of the diseases, labeling errors can lead to serious consequences leading to wrong treatments.
 Objectives: This study was carried out to find common pre-analytical errors of histopathology laboratory in the context of our country.
 Methods: Data were collected on six points of container labeling and nine points of requisition papers through simple check list over a period of one week.
 Results: Among 142 samples, labeling was found in 82.40% container. Among these labels, patients name, age, hospital registration number of the patients were absent in 19.01%, 26.06% and 90.85% samples respectively. Site of origin of the tissue in the container was absent in 71.83% samples. About 4.93% samples came to the laboratory without fixatives. Patients name, age, sex, site of origin of tissue, name of the referring physician and their contact numbers were found absent in 0.70%, 3.52%, 33.10%, 7.75%, 50% and 95.77% of requisition papers respectively. Clinical diagnosis was absent in 54.23% cases. A good proportion of container and requisition papers did not contain proper labeling, which is important not only for identification but also for histopathological diagnosis.
 Conclusion: We believe that, these errors occur due to lack of standard histopathology requisition form. Association of Surgeons and Pathologists can collaboratively form a standard requisition form for sending histopathology samples to different laboratories, which could easily reduce mislabeling errors in histopathology.
 Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (2) :80-83

Analysis of risk and consumers’ awareness regarding the gluten content in meat products on the example of frankfurter type sausages

The long life gluten-free diet is the most effective method of preventing symptoms in celiac disease. Thus, awareness of 160 patients suffering from the disorder was examined, as a crucial parameter for their health-safety. The adherence to the gluten-free diet did not depend on their education level. 88.1% of patients followed the diet strictly, 94.4% controlled the products labels and 38.1% were afraid to consume unknown food. Over 80% of respondents expected gluten in meat products. Therefore, the presence of gluten in the frankfurter sausages not labelled either as containing gluten or as gluten-free was controlled. The analysed product was classified as gluten-free (14.3 mg/kg), despite the use of food additives of wheat origin during production. Thus, gluten content control and proper products labelling give benefits both to the producers (widening consumers’ group) and to the celiac patients (diversity of diet composition).

How the Pathologist Can Help the Surgeon Collect Better Specimens for Microbiology Culture.

Specimen quality is paramount for microbiology culture in order to ensure the testing is performed appropriately and the results, generated accurately, reflect the patient's clinical situation and guide proper treatment. Several factors play a critical role in guaranteeing the accuracy of the culture results, including adequate specimen collection by the surgeon, proper labeling, and timely transport to the laboratory. To educate pathologists, surgeons, and other medical personnel involved in the collection and processing of surgical specimens submitted for microbiologic culture. To assure the pathogen is correctly identified, proper protocols must be followed. The accurate identification of the infectious microorganisms from surgical specimens is vital for the treating clinician to ensure the correct antimicrobial therapy is administered. An analysis of relevant literature was performed by using PubMed. Articles were selected on the basis of their relevance to the topic as well as their date of publication. Articles published between 2000 and 2018 were deemed sufficient for inclusion, while older references, regardless of relevance, were excluded. The process of properly obtaining specimens for microbiology culture from the operating room is a complex process that requires collaboration between the collecting surgeon and the pathologist and microbiology laboratory in order to provide the highest quality of results from which important treatment decisions are then implemented. Engaging leadership to develop mutually agreed-upon institutional best practices will help not only to standardize practices but also to improve the quality of microbiology results reported.

On the Complexity of Gap-[2]-vertex-labellings of Subcubic Bipartite Graphs

A gap-[k]-vertex-labelling of a simple graph G = (V, E) is a pair (π, cπ) in which π : V (G) → {1, 2, ..., k} is an assignment of labels to the vertices of G and cπ : V (G) → {0, 1, ..., k} is a proper vertex-colouring of G such that, for every v ∈ V (G) of degree at least two, cπ(v) is induced by the largest difference, i.e. the largest gap, between the labels of its neighbours (cases where d(v) = 1 and d(v) = 0 are treated separately). Introduced in 2013 by A. Dehghan et al. [Dehghan, A., M. Sadeghi and A. Ahadi, Algorithmic complexity of proper labeling problems, Theoretical Computer Science 495 (2013), pp. 25–36.], they show that deciding whether a bipartite graph admits a gap-[2]-vertex-labelling is NP-complete and question the computational complexity of deciding whether cubic bipartite graphs admit such a labelling. In this work, we advance the study of the computational complexity for this class, proving that this problem remains NP-complete even when restricted to subcubic bipartite graphs.

Beta-lactam Allergy Review: Implications for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs

Beta-lactam allergies, and specifically penicillin allergies, result in receipt of therapy that is not considered first line in many instances. Being labeled as allergic many times comes via subjective history from the patient. Carrying this label can cause a patient to receive broad-spectrum therapy with increased side effects and resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship programs can play a role in allergy evaluation and intervention based on resources. This review provides an update on beta-lactam allergies and emphasizes incorporation of evaluating these patients as a core tenant of antimicrobial stewardship. Many patients with a listed beta-lactam allergy are not truly allergic and can have the allergy removed with proper evaluation. Patients who have low-risk histories that are unlikely to be IgE mediated can safely be re-challenged. High-risk patients or those with an unknown history can be desensitized or skin tested (if allergic to penicillin). All strategies should result in proper labeling or de-labeling in the electronic health record. Antimicrobial stewardship programs are recommended to be involved in allergy assessments to create testing and treatment strategies. Deciding whether an allergic patient is a candidate for re-challenge or graded-challenge, penicillin skin testing, or desensitization is paramount to antimicrobial stewardship programs in conjunction with an allergist, if available.

Effect of gluten-free diet and compliance on quality of life in pediatric celiac disease patients.

BackgroundQuality of life (QOL) in children with celiac disease (CD) has been sparsely studied.AimsWe aimed to study QOL in pediatric CD and the effect of a gluten‐free diet (GFD) in a North Indian population.MethodsQOL was assessed at baseline and 6 months after GFD using a pediatric symptom checklist (PSC) score. The effect of GFD was assessed using a CD‐specific questionnaire on domains such as dietary compliance, parental behavior and perceptions, children's feeling, and difficulty identifying gluten‐free foods.ResultsA total of 60 CD children (age 6.03 ± 0. 42 years, range: 2–12 years, M:F 2:1) were prospectively enrolled. The median PSC score at baseline was 11.5 (2–35), which showed a statistically significant improvement after GFD to 2.5 (0–34) (P < 0.001). Significant concerns regarding specific domains emerged: difficulty in maintaining GFD 26.2%, at school 14.3%, at parties 43.2%, poor taste 11.4%, special diet a burden 28.5%, felt left out at school or friend's home 40.9%, felt different from other kids 40.9%, felt embarrassed to bring GFD to parties 54.6%, felt angry about following a special diet 56.8%, felt not invited out for meals because of CD 13.6%, and difficulty determining if food available was gluten free in 75%.ConclusionGFD has a significant impact on emotional, behavioral, and psychosocial domains in children with CD. Proper labeling of commercially available food items, counseling, and patient support groups are the need of the hour.

Cidades dos mortos originando cidades para os vivos: Um estudo da representatividade do Cemitério do Alecrim, Natal (RN, Brasil) como opção de atrativo para o Turismo Mórbido

O Turismo Mórbido é decorrente do cenário da pós-modernidade, segmentação que vem se estabelecendo ao poucos em âmbito nacional, nas cidades europeias e em cidades da própria América do Sul, como é o caso de Buenos Aires em que já se promove este tipo de prática. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi fazer uma discussão acerca do uso da morbidade no Turismo, evidenciando casos em que o contexto mórbido estava ocorrendo de fato e que existe uma demanda turística emergindo em busca de espaços alternativos se contrapondo ao convencional do Turismo massivo. Ressalta-se, no decorrer deste trabalho, a importância de se prospectar o uso do espaço cemiterial como atrativo turístico e que é necessário romper as devidas rotulações que escondem um imensurável potencial que possui para o Turismo. Através da metodologia de análise bibliográfica se verificou com os autores mais relevantes da história do Rio Grande do Norte (ALVEAL, 2011; CARDOSO, 2000; CABRAL, 2006; CASCUDO, 1999) os apontamentos históricos sobre o Cemitério do Alecrim, situado na cidade de Natal (RN, Brasil). Consultas a documentos que contivessem informações históricas sobre o cemitério também foram realizadas. Como objeto de pesquisa deste trabalho vinculou-se esta modalidade do Turismo, sua apropriação como uma oferta turística potencial que deve ser utilizada. Verificou-se que a literatura sobre o Turismo mórbido é escassa dispondo-se de poucas pesquisas e abordagens neste campo do Turismo. Desta forma, o incremento de mais artigos científicos permitirá um melhor envolvimento do tema, propiciando maior clareza sobre suas vertentes.

Label Identification And Bacteriological Quality Assessment Of Sambel Pecel (Peanuts Dressing Sauce) Product In Madiun City

Food product requirements before distribution to consumers are including of the proper food labeling, and zero count of Eschericia coli bacteria. This study aims to identify the labeling process and bacteriological examination (Eschericia coli) on javanese peanut dressing sauce (sambel pecel) product in Madiun city. The research is an observational research whereas data is analyzeddescriptively by cross sectional study design. This study used observations andinterview in obtaining data regarding the completeness of labeling. bacteriological examination (Eschericia coli) was performed by Environmental Health Laboratory of Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health Surabaya for the total sample of 15 sambel pecel products. All of sambel pecel products in Madiun are without a complete label andwere inconsistent with the standards of the Governmental Regulations of food label and advertisement regulation.Each product is required to implement eleven label component such as product name, composition, net weight, expiration date, name and address of producer, label of halal, and consument information for disability occurs. Five out of 15 products were positively contain Eschericia coli bacteria while the products based on regulation about food, that it must be 0 (zero). Thus it can be suggested for Trade and Industry Service of Madiun toimplement stringent selection and monitoring process before distribute the product to general population.

A kernel semi-supervised distance metric learning with relative distance: Integration with a MOO approach

Metric learning, which aims to determine an appropriate distance function to measure the similarity and dissimilarity between data points accurately, is one of the most popular methods to enhance the performance of many machine learning methods such as K-means clustering and K nearest neighbor classifier algorithms. These algorithms may not perform well because of the use of normal Euclidean distance function that ignores any statistical regularities that might be estimated from a large training set of labeled examples. In many real-world applications, the Euclidean distance may not be fit to capture the intrinsic similarity and dissimilarity between the data points. Compared to existing metric learning algorithms, which use large amount of labeled data in the form of must-link (ML) and cannot-link constraints as side information where the granularity of true clustering is unknown, our proposed approach uses few labeled data in the form of relative-distance constraints such as equality constraints, Ceq, and inequality constraints, Cneq. For satisfying such constraints, we need to project the initial Euclidean distance matrix by using Bregman projection on the convex subset of constraints in such a way that all the constraints are satisfied. Since Bregman projection is not orthogonal, means while satisfying the current constraint previously satisfied constraints may get unsatisfied, we need to select a proper subset of constraints for learning better distance function. The multi-objective framework is utilized for selecting a good subset of constraints which can help in getting the proper labeling of the data set. The selected subset of constraints is used for adjusting the initial kernel-matrix. K-means clustering technique is applied to the adjusted kernel matrix to label the data set. In order to evaluate the quality of obtained labeling, different external and internal cluster validity indices are deployed. The values of these indices are simultaneously optimized using the search capability of MOO with the aim of selecting the appropriate subset of constraints. The proposed approach is evaluated on UCI Human Activity Recognition using Smartphone Dataset v1.0 along with nine other popular data sets. Results show that our approach outperforms the state of the art semi-supervised metric learning algorithms with respect to different internal and external cluster validity indices.

Inorganic Arsenic Poisoning Following An Intentional Overdose Of Realgar-Containing Niu Huang Jie Du Pian: A Case report and Literature Review

Background: Niu Huang Jie Du Pian (NHJDP) is a widely used realgar-containing Chinese medicine remedy. Most brands are composed of eight ingredients: Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Xionghuang (realgar), gypsum (calcium sulphate), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), Jugeng (Platycodon grandiflorum), Bingpian (borneol), and Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae uralensis, licorice root). Most users are not aware that Xionghuang (realgar) contains arsenic disulphide [As2S2]. Inorganic arsenic poisoning after therapeutic overdoses has been reported in Chinese literature, but no report of acute, intentional overdose of NHJDP has been published. We report a case of intentional overdose of NHJDP leading to arsenic poisoning. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old woman ingested approximately 100 tablets of NHJDP bought over the counter, along with her usual antidepressants. She presented with somnolence, agitation, epigastric pain and repeated vomiting, compatible with clinical toxicities of NHJDP reported in Chinese literature. At presentation, blood and spot urine arsenic levels were 440.9 and 7,495 nmol/L, respectively. The patient’s condition improved rapidly after admission and chelation therapy was not deemed to be necessary. Discussion: Despite the self-limiting clinical course, the high arsenic level in the patient’s blood and urine raises safety concerns regarding the use of NHJDP in the community. Inconsistencies in the sales regulation of arsenic-containing products, and a lack of product label warning regarding arsenic content, may potentiate inadvertent arsenic poisoning. Conclusion: Clinician should be aware of the possibility of inorganic arsenic poisoning when treating patients with overdose of Chinese medicine remedies that contain Xionghuang (realgar). Proper product labelling may help reduce inadvertent arsenic poisoning.

Interactive Natural Image Segmentation and Foreground Extraction

Interactive image segmentation is very practical and important problem in computer vision. In this paper a regressive based Green’s function is employed to formulate the problem of segmentation. The method is incorporated with different clustering approaches intended to extract the foreground regions from the natural images. The method performance is improved with proper labeling of foreground and background regions, and with more number of cluster regions. The method is evaluated with two standard benchmark datasets and found that the experimental results were promising.

Phosphine inhalation, case series of domestic unintentional poisoning commonly used as anti-bed bug chemical from a low income country

Phosphine poisoning is an uncommon but hazardous public health issue. It is widely used chemical compound as insecticides domestically and exposure to this chemical is mostly accidental especially in children, which may lead to fatal symptoms if not managed immediately. Previous studies have explored the mechanism of its deleterious effect. However, literature on presentation of phosphine poisoning is sparse. Medical records, from January 2005 to September 2013, with patients presenting to ED of Aga Khan University Hospital were reviewed after successfully taking ERC approval from the hospital. Patients with confirm phosphine poisoning were identified and further details were noted from their medical records. We identified seven cases of phosphine poisoning during the study period. Majority patients presented with generalized weakness, diarrhea, vomiting and drowsiness after exposure to phosphine containing insecticides, mostly exposed within past two days of symptoms and presentation. Six out of seven patients were successfully managed and discharged while one of the patient couldn't be saved. The objective of this study was to investigate various presentations of phosphine poisoning to Emergency Department (ED) in a low-income setting in Karachi, Pakistan and bring it to attention of the need to replace insecticides with a safer chemical compound and keep children out of reach from such toxins. Moreover increase awareness program and proper labeling and precautions should be written on all commonly sold pesticides and the constituent of hazardous compounds they contain.