Proper Hand Washing Research Articles

ATTEMPTS TO INCREASE AWARENESS OF CLEAN AND HEALTHY BEHAVIOR AND TO PREVENT SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN IN LABANASEM VILLAGE, DISTRICT OF KABAT, REGENCY OF BANYUWANGI

Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS) is a preventive measure against disease or health problems. Meanwhile, sexual education for children is one of the efforts to help prevent sexual violence against children. The low level of understanding among elementary school students, especially in Labanasem Village, regarding PHBS such as proper hand washing with soap, proper toothbrush and sexual education makes children vulnerable to various diseases and sexual violence. So it is necessary to increase the understanding of the importance of washing hands with soap, brushing teeth properly, and understanding the body parts that can and should not be touched for elementary school students as an effort to improve health status in Labanasem Village. Based on this, the author is interested in this problem through the KKN (Real Work Class) program which is aimed at an educational approach that is applied to elementary school students in Labanasem Village, Banyuwangi. This program has been successfully carried out in the MI Miftahul Ulum Labanasem school hall which was attended by students in grades 5 and 6 with a total of 58 participants, besides that this activity was also successfully carried out at the Lotus Labanasem Early Childhood Education (PAUD) level and produced a positive response. positive.

Edukasi Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat dalam Menerapkan Konsep 3R, Pencegahan Penyakit Tidak Menular, Pintar dengan Obat dan PHBS di Nagari Paninggahan

Environmental factors primarily influence the degree of public health. However, what is happening in today's society in improving the degree of health is even higher in health services. Many people receive curative treatment in health facilities but pay little attention to personal and environmental hygiene. The problems in Nagari Paninggahan are the need for more knowledge and awareness of the Paninggahan community in waste management, non-communicable diseases, rational use of drugs, and personal hygiene. This activity aims to increase public knowledge and awareness to improve the health status of the Paninggahan community. This activity was carried out using health promotion methods and practices and through leaflets. The results were that people could use used goods to make new, more valuable goods, understand that diseases such as hypertension must be appropriately handled with routine checks, know how to use the right medicines and practice proper hand washing to avoid various diseases. This activity hopes to increase public knowledge and awareness to avoid disease and improve the health status of the Paninggahan community.

Factors predicting proper handwashing practice amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in India: a field-based cross-sectional study.

Proper handwashing is one of the effective ways to prevent many communicable diseases, including COVID-19. We explored the handwashing practices in a rural Indian population before the probable third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A data collection schedule was administered to eligible adult members of a rural community, selected by multi-stage sampling, to assess their pattern and practice of handwashing. All 176 respondents washed their hands after defecation, 82.4 and 80.7% washed hands after urination and before taking food, respectively, while 68.2% of respondents washed hands after coming back from outdoors. Among those who handwashed, 82.9% used soap water after defecation; 46.2, 45.8 and 50.8% washed hands with soap water after urination, before taking food and after visiting outdoors, respectively. Only a quarter (24.4%) of all the participants used soap water for handwashing consistently after defecation, after urination, before taking food and after coming home. The more educated, those coming from higher socioeconomic stratum and working from home, were more likely to report proper handwashing practice. Handwashing, as recommended by health agencies, for restraining COVID-19 infection, was not noticed in the majority of the participants. Better awareness of handwashing is recommended to help restrain COVID-19 in the Indian population.

Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis Among Rafters and Backpackers in the Backcountry of Grand Canyon National Park, April-June 2022.

On May 11, 2022, the National Park Service (NPS) Office of Public Health (OPH) and Coconino County Health and Human Services (CCHHS) in Flagstaff, Arizona contacted CDC about a rising number of acute gastroenteritis cases among backcountry visitors to Grand Canyon National Park (Grand Canyon). The agencies reviewed illness report forms, assessed infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, and distributed a detailed survey to river rafters and hikers with backcountry permits (backpackers) who visited the Grand Canyon backcountry. During April 1-June 17, a total of 191 rafters and 31 backpackers reported symptoms consistent with acute gastroenteritis. Specimens from portable toilets used by nine river rafting trip groups were tested using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and test results were positive for norovirus. Norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis is highly transmissible in settings with close person-to-person contact and decreased access to hand hygiene, such as backpacking or rafting. IPC assessments led to recommendations for regular disinfection of potable water spigots throughout the backcountry, promotion of proper handwashing with soap and water when possible, and separation of ill persons from those who are not ill. Prevention and control of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in the backcountry requires rapid reporting of illnesses, implementing IPC guidelines for commercial outfitters and river rafting launch points, and minimizing interactions among rafting groups.

Evaluating the impact of hand washing education on the knowledge and practice of third-grade students in Tehran

Background and Aim: Proper hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of hand washing education program on knowledge and practices of student aged 8-9 years. Methods: The present study is an experimental non-randomized clinical trial with a control group. One girl school and one boy school were selected as the experimental group and one boy school and one girl school were selected as the control group. Random sampling was performed and 38 people were included in the experimental group and 38 people were included in the control group. To collect data in both groups, a general questionnaire, a knowledge questionnaire, and a checklist for hand washing practice were used. The educational program for 9-year-old children was held in 3 sessions of 20-25 minutes and in groups of 3-5 people, for 3 consecutive days. Three weeks after the education, the knowledge questionnaire was completed by the students and the practice checklist was completed in collaboration with the health instructor.

CLABSI (Central Line-Associated Blood Stream Infection)

The microorganism uses the person’s body to sustain itself, reproduce, and colonize. These infectious microscopic organisms are known as pathogens, and they can multiply quickly. A CLABSI is a serious infection that occurs in the blood stream due to catheter use. Central line-associated blood stream infections (CLABSI) are a major cause of healthcare -associated morbidity and mortality. This type of infection is serious, but often can be successfully treated with antibiotics. CLABSI can be prevented by choosing a vein where the catheter can be safely inserted and where the risk for infection is small, proper hand washing, use of protective equipment like gloves and a sterile gown and careful cleaning of the area around the catheter. Every day, healthcare providers should assess whether the patient needs to have the catheter, and remove it as soon as it is no longer needed.

Meta-Analysis Factor of Hand Washing Habits and Exclusive Breastfeeding with Diarrhea Between 2017-2021 in Indonesia

Introduction: Diarrhea is an endemic disease that causes extraordinary events (pandemic) and is often accompanied by death in Indonesia. Previous reports showed that children who practice poor hand washing or without using soap and running water are 2.175 times more likely to experience diarrhea. It was also discovered that exclusive breastfeeding can form antibodies and other nutrients that protect babies from infections such as diarrhea. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the most influential factors between hand washing habits and exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of diarrhea in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a meta-analysis method. Results and Discussions: The results showed that the pooled PR value of the hand washing habit variable e1.06 = 2.886 (95% CI 0.87 - 1.24) was greater than the exclusive breastfeeding e0.53 = 1.698 (95% CI 0.36 – 0.70). The data were obtained from articles and journals with a cross-sectional study design. Based on the results of the meta-analysis, people who did not apply proper hand washing habits are 2,886 times more at risk of diarrhea. Furthermore, babies who were not exclusively breastfed were 1,698 times more likely to have diarrhea than those who received exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: The results showed that the most influential factor between the two variables was the hand washing habit variable.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of COVID-19 Vaccination among Adults in Singapore: A Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT.Public health measures promoting compliance of COVID-19 vaccination requires understanding of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). This study explored the KAP and risk factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination, including changes in preventive practices before and after vaccination in a high-income country, Singapore. An online cross-sectional study among Singaporeans and permanent residents aged 21 years and older was conducted from July to August 2021. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions using RStudio version 1.4.1106 was performed to assess associations between demographic factors, KAP, and vaccination status. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. A total of 869 respondents completed the survey. Individuals with higher knowledge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.00, P = 0.024), perceived efficacy (aOR = 1.19, P = 0.004), perceived safety (aOR = 1.20, P = 0.005), and willingness to uptake (aOR = 1.55, P < 0.001) scores were more likely to be vaccinated. There was a significant increase in the use of proper handwashing techniques among the vaccinated group before and after vaccinations. The governmental risk communication approaches have been useful in instilling high levels of vaccine knowledge. High levels of good attitudes about and knowledge of COVID-19 vaccination were associated with a high level of vaccination practices. Good perceived vaccine efficacy and confidence in government were also associated with positive vaccine uptake. This study paves the way for more targeted government measures to be implemented to improve vaccination rates of COVID-19 booster vaccines in a high-income country like Singapore.

Clean Vibes: Hand Washing Monitoring Using Structural Vibration Sensing

We present a passive and non-intrusive sensing system for monitoring hand washing activity using structural vibration sensing. Proper hand washing is one of the most effective ways to limit the spread and transmission of disease, and has been especially critical during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior approaches include direct observation and sensing-based approaches, but are limited in non-clinical settings due to operational restrictions and privacy concerns in sensitive areas such as restrooms. Our work introduces a new sensing modality for hand washing monitoring, which measures hand washing activity-induced vibration responses of sink structures, and uses those responses to monitor the presence and duration of hand washing. Primary research challenges are that vibration responses are similar for different activities, occur on different surfaces/structures, and tend to overlap/coincide. We overcome these challenges by extracting information about signal periodicity for similar activities through cepstrum-based features, leveraging hierarchical learning to differentiate activities on different surfaces, and denoting “primary/secondary” activities based on their relative frequency and importance. We evaluate our approach using real-world hand washing data across four different sink structures/locations, and achieve an average F1-score for hand washing activities of 0.95, which represents an 8.8X and 10.2X reduction in error over two different baseline approaches.

Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Bagi Anak-Anak Usia Dini Desa Pematang Balam Di SD 157 Bengkulu Utara

The purpose of this counseling is to provide knowledge about Clean and Healthy Living Behavior to elementary school children to get used to living a healthy life. After the survey, most of the children in this village do not live a healthy and clean life. The method used in this service is counseling and socialization carried out in elementary schools by providing proper hand washing practices. The results of this training and socialization are that elementary school children are enthusiastic in participating in activities, elementary school children can apply handwashing properly and can know a clean and healthy life at school and at home.

Praktik Pembuatan Hand sanitizer Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit yang Diakibatkan oleh Virus

Using of hand sanitizers is an important step in preventing the spread of the virus, but the proliferation of new hand sanitizers that do not meet standards demands that people choose wisely. The existence of a policy that the community may make their own hand sanitizers also needs to be balanced with an increase in people's understanding of how to make them correctly. Activity starting with coordination, preparation, implementation and evaluation through question and answer. This service was preceded by counseling about infectious diseases how to prevent them. One way to prevent it is washing hands properly. Firstly, choose soap, but if difficult to get water, a hand sanitizer is a solution. Furthermore, counseling about hand sanitizers in the form of selecting hand sanitizers according to standards, making hand sanitizers through video presentation and proper hand washing methods. Team makes hand sanitizers at the Biotechnology and Engineering Laboratory for the implementation of sterilization to labeling. The video shows the preparation stages in the form of sterilizing the equipment, measuring, mixing, filling, packaging and labeling. The community is given hand sanitizer samples as well so that people can see examples of hand sanitizer labels and important components that should be there. During the question and answer session, most of them answered correctly, were able to choose and understand hand sanitizer formulas meet standards requirement and knew how to wash their hands properly so that it was hoped that they could prevent diseases caused by viruses.

Overview of the Infection Control Prevention Program in the Internal Room of Aloei Saboe Hospital, Gorontalo City

Infection Prevention and Control (PPI) is an endeavor to prevent and reduce the incidence of infections among patients, employees, visitors, and members of the community in health care institutions. In order to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections, nosocomial infection control involves planning, implementing, monitoring, and encouraging. This study's objective was to characterize infection prevention and control in the interior chamber of Prof. Dr. Aloei Saboe Gorontalo City. This study employed a qualitative descriptive research approach with a random sample of 15 participants. The results indicated that the infection prevention and control program in the internal room had not been fully implemented, as 3 of the 15 participants did not practice proper handwashing (i.e., they did not follow the 6 steps outlined in the standard operating procedure), 1 participant did not use PPE during the procedure, but was able to apply coughing and sneezing etiquette, and 1 participant did not follow safe injection practices. Decontamination of equipment following completion of actions.

Implemented Clean and Healthy Behavior Activities in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Cerukcuk Village, Tanara District

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is a step that needs to be done in order to create good health in the community and in the school environment. The purpose of this PHBS activity is to increase public awareness to better understand their living conditions to maintain health. With this outreach, people are able to apply a clean lifestyle in their daily life. As an educated student, by applying the third point of the tri dharma of higher education, namely self-service to the community, it must be able to reflect a clean and healthy lifestyle so that people are more aware and sensitive to it. Community service activities are carried out on Saturday and Monday, January 22-24 2022 at SDN Cerukcuk and SDN Cikeli by conducting socialization about clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) and practicing proper hand washing and toothbrushing procedures for elementary school children into a program which can improve public health.

Achieving handwashing with Social Art for Behaviour Change: the experience of the Lazos de Agua programme in Latin America

Abstract The effectiveness of different hygiene behaviour change approaches is inconsistent. Proven effective elements of behaviour promotion include the following: involving the community, adding psychosocial theory-derived elements and using interpersonal communication with active teaching methods and innovative and culturally sensitive messaging. The One Drop Foundation Social Art for Behaviour Change (SABC) approach encompasses those elements and is embedded in a system-strengthening approach involving users, service providers and policymakers within the Lazos de Agua Programme. Halfway into the programme, the SABC approach has been implemented in more than 280 rural and urban communities in five Latin American countries. According to its midline outcome measurement, the programme's efforts have contributed to a 15% point increase in the population practising proper handwashing within intervention areas. Story-based interviews revealed that SABC interventions are believed to have caused lasting changes in behaviour, perception and skills which transcend beyond the individual and are felt at the household and community levels. While the SABC approach is mostly limited to addressing psychosocial factors, the experience of this programme proves that artists can serve as behaviour change facilitators to accompany water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) system projects. The SABC approach builds capacity, both within artist groups as permanent local institutions which can act as behaviour change facilitation service providers, and within service users, who become empowered and can continue influencing behaviour change among their peers.

A Study to Assess the Problems of Prolonged Use of Mask During Covid Pandemic Among the General Public Residing in Lawspet Area at Puducherry

A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to assess the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic among general public. The objectives of the study was to assess the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic among the general public and to find out association between the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic with selected demographic variable. The researcher developed self-administered open ended questionnaire to assess the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic among 300 public residing in lawspet area at Puducherry by using purposive sampling technique. The major findings was, regarding the demographic variables out of 300 general public 156(52%) were in age group 18-29 years, half of the public was female 198(66%), half of the public were married162(54%), 138(46%) of the public were completed under graduate(UG) level of education, half of the public were hindus168(56%), half of the public were lived in urban area 156(52%), half of the public were monthly income Rs.5000-10000 150(50%), 126(42%) of the public were company worker, 168(56%) of the public were in nuclear family, 138(46%) of the public got information from social media, 102(34%) of the public were affected in covid 19 respectively. Out of 300 public all of them were using mask 300(100%), half of the public were used surgical mask (three layered mask) 156(52%), 108(36%) of the public were used the same mask at only one time, 234(78%) of the public was not washed the single use disposable mask, 134(44%) of the public were told not wearing the N95 mask is cost effective, 120(40%) of the public were faced problems while wearing face mask was sweating, 198(66%) of the public were told no adverse reactions after using mask, 102(34%) of the public were told 4 hours was tolerable hours of wearing mask, most of the public were told correct way to wear mask was covering mouth and nose 228(76%), 144(48%) were 2 times changed the mask for full day. In association between the problems of prolonged use of mask with selected demographic variables. There is a significant(p&lt;0.005) association between problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic with selected demographic variables as religion. Then the researcher created awareness to all public regarding importance of mask, motivated to do proper hygienic measures life hand washing techniques and taught about criteria for use mask to promote the health from covid pandemic to endemic.

Characteristics Associated With Consistent Handwashing and Satisfaction in the Workplace: A Pilot Survey of U.S. Workers.

This study seeks to determine what handwashing facilities are available to workers, predominantly in the manufacturing and service industries, to find out if their workplace has the appropriate resources to conduct proper handwashing and how that affects handwashing satisfaction. This cross-sectional study surveyed U.S. adult workers (N = 241) on their workplace handwashing equipment and facilities. The associations between demographic characteristics, consistent handwashing, and handwashing satisfaction were evaluated using Fisher's exact test. Eighty-eight percent of respondents reported consistent handwashing. Pulling a handle to exit the restroom was negatively associated with handwashing satisfaction (p = .004) and having difficulty with an automatic faucet or dispenser was negatively marginally significant in its association with handwashing consistency (p = .10). Greater understanding of the available equipment in workplace restroom facilities and how to improve selection and use of that equipment may improve workers' handwashing experiences.

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF HAND WASHING AMONG HEALTH WORKERS IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KOLKATA

Introduction: Nosocomial infections due to poor hand hygiene are a major cause of increasing morbidity, mortality and health care costs among hospitalized patients worldwide. The high prevalence of these infections, as high as 19%, in developing countries poses a challenge to health care providers. Hand hygiene is considered the single most cost-effective public health measure for preventing health care associated infection (HCAI). Aims: To assess the compliance, identify factors inuencing compliance and to study the knowledge, attitude and perceptions associated with HH among health care workers (HCW). Materials and method: This was a single centre cross sectional study from tertiary care hospital in kolkata, India from February 2021 – February – 2022 were included all healthcare workers who are directly involved in management of the patient (Doctors, Nursing stuff, paramedic stuff and group D stuff) in this study. Result: Knowledge about proper and consistent hand washing prevents infections in health facilities was signicantly high in doctor group [49(98.0%)], in nurse group [47(94.05%)] and in others group [43(86.0%)]. (P=0.0488). Knowledge about no need for hand washing for those who perform their activity with caution was signicantly more in others group [13(26.0%)] and in nurse group [3(6.0%)]. (P&lt;0.0001). Doctor had [48(96.0%)] always and [2(4.0%)] usually practice of hand washing about after contact with patients, most of the nursess had always [38(76.0%)], Usually [7(14.0%)], often [3(6.0%)] and somestimes 2(4.0%) practice of hand washing about after contact with patients and lower number of others had [5(10.0%)] often ,[6(12.0%)] somestimes, [18(36.0%)] always and [18(36.0%)] Usually practice of hand washing about after contact with patients but this was statistically signicant (P&lt;0.0001). Conclusion: Majority of the study participants were knowledgeable. However, they had poor practice of hand washing

Access to Household Sanitation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study in Dense Settlement Area of Palembang

During the COVID-19 pandemic, access to sanitation is an important part of preventing COVID-19. Poor sanitation in the household has the potential to cause the spread of disease at the household level. Densely populated settlements are areas with the highest COVID-19 prevalence. The purpose of this research was to describe access to sanitation in households in densely populated residential areas. This study was Qualitative with descriptive design. Information was collected through in-depth interviews with informants and observations of sanitation facilities at the household level. People in densely populated settlements have access to clean water that meets the requirements of clean water for use in their daily life, however, the community had not fully provided hand washing facilities that meet standards, such as not equipped with soap and not having posters of information on how to wash hands. proper hand washing. Provision of temporary waste disposal facilities in community homes hds not met existing standards, such as not made of strong materials, easy to rust, not easy to clean and many are not equipped with covers. Some people did not carry out processing and sorting of waste before finally throwing it into the trash. In addition, the implementation of disinfection was no longer routinely carried out. People can not afford to buy disinfectant. Access to sanitation in densely populated settlements had not been maximally fulfilled, it is necessary to improve the quality of sanitation facilities at the household level

Outcomes of Neonates Born To Mothers Who Were COVID-19 Positive; An Observational Study from Pakistan

Objective: To assess outcomes of neonates born to mothers who were COVID-19 positive.&#x0D; Study Design: Prospective observational study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Secondary and Tertiary Care Hospitals of the Armed Forces, Pakistan, from Apr to Aug 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: We studied 106 pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Stable asymptomatic newborn babies were kept in SARS-CoV-2 specified incubators, at specially designated areas for observation. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken at first 24 hours and if negative, babies were handed over to clinically stable mothers who were educated regarding use of facemasks and proper hand washing. Neonates who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 again at 48 hours and then every 48-72 hours, until found to be negative.&#x0D; Results: Total 106 women were found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive during the study period. All the women delivered singleton babies. Of the 106 babies, 5 (4.71%) were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 at 24 hours and only 1 (0.94%) baby was found to be positive at 48 hours and then tested negative at 7th day.&#x0D; Conclusion: Babies born to SARS-CoV-2 mothers were mostly asymptomatic and there was no increased risk of morbidity or mortality to the neonates suffering from the infection.

ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREVENTION OF HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTIONS AMONG INTERNSHIP STUDENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITAL AT MANGALURU

Background: Infection control is the process of preventing the spread of infections in the health care setup. Internship students are among the health workers who are at the risk of carrying the infections. They plays an important role in the hospital functions. They should realize the ways through which the infections can be spread and should take care of themselves and others by the proper handwashing and sanitation. Objectives: To assess the knowledge regarding prevention of hospital acquired infections among internship students. To nd the association of knowledge score with selected demographic variables. Non experimental Materials and methods: descriptive study was conducted to assess the knowledge level regarding prevention of hospital acquired infections among internship students in selected hospitals at Mangalore. 100 samples were selected by using purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire. Data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that majority (70%) of the Results: students belongs to age group of 23 and above years, majority (39%) students were Christian and Muslim, (46%) of students belongs to medicine discipline and (57%) of the students attended educational programe related to prevention of hospital acquired infections.Also the result shown that 88%of the participants had adequate knowledge, 6% had good knowledge and 6% had inadequate knowledge regarding prevention of Hospital Acquired Infection. There was no association between knowledge score and selected demographicdata. It concludes that Conclusion: there is a need to conduct more research on practice to prevent Hospital Acquired Infection among internships students