Proper Articulation Research Articles

Fantasy and Innovation in Deux pièces pour clavecin, h. 244 by Bohuslav Martinů

This article highlights the divergences between the historical and modern style of playing the harpsichord, through a detailed analysis of the album 2 Pièces pour clavecin, H. 244 by Bohuslav Martinů, a leading figure of 20th century cultural life. Given the abundance of baroque compositional means, this album of solo works for harpsichord, composed in 1935, represent the perfect combination between old and new, moreover, between tradition and innovation. The predilection for rediscovering Baroque music in its pure forms began in the 1900s and continues to this day, spreading with great speed thanks to the evolution of technology and numerous historical documents. Historical treatises, writings and numerous criticisms of Baroque performances have led performers towards the closest possible performance of early works, with emphasis on proper articulation type, dynamics, freedom in phrasing, construction and fingering. The harpsichord occupies a unique place in the chronicle of the renaissance of Early music, even if it was by no means the only ancient instrument to arouse new interest in the decades preceding the early 20th century. Looking at all these major changes, modern composers such as Arnold Schoenberg, Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky, Francis Poulenc, Philip Glass, Manuel de Falla and Bohuslav Martinů have revived the effervescent music of the Baroque. Keywords: Bohuslav Martinů, harpsichord, 20th Century, modern playing, analysis

Magical Representations of Individual and Collective Trauma in al-Samman’s Beirut Nightmares

This article examines Ghāda al-Sammān’s creative fictional depiction of the causes and the atrocities of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) in her novel, Beirut Nightmares (1976). It investigates the author’s perceptive fusion of different artistic tropes in order to achieve a proper articulation of her sociopolitical commentary on the early years of the conflict. It shows how al-Sammān bears witness to the collective war trauma of the Lebanese people through the individual trauma of a female intellectual. Al- Sammān transcends the realistic representation of events in order to magnify the traumatic experience through her employment of gothic elements and magical realism which purposefully disrupt the chronology of the narrative. The apt employment of different tropes enables her to effectively criticize the legacy of colonization as well as the oppression of current totalitarian regimes. It also concludes that al-Sammān’s artistic techniques which bespeak trauma do not contradict with the intellectual’s attempts to heal her own wounds and to overcome her personal frustrations in order to fulfill her communal mission of enlightening people.

Assessment of Students’ Speaking Skills using the Competent Speaker Speech Rubric

The importance of English language learning for students worldwide, especially in countries where English serves as the medium of instruction, cannot be overstated. However, in educational institutions in Pakistan, appears to be an overemphasis on accuracy at the expense of fluency. As a result, students face challenges when communicating in English as their second language. The present study aims to assess the speaking proficiency of students who studied English II at the University of Swat, utilizing a sample comprising 65 students from two intact classes. A quantitative research design was employed to gather data, and students' presentations were observed using the Competent Speaker Speech Rubric. The results indicated that students' proficiency in five competencies, namely providing relevant supporting material, usage of suitable language, incorporation of vocal variety, usage of an effective pattern to present a topic and display of proper articulation, pronunciation and grammar, were below the satisfactory level. On a positive note, students surpassed satisfactory standards in three competencies, specifically selecting and refining a topic, effectively conveying a thesis or specific purpose, and employing physical and nonverbal cues to enhance verbal communication. The present study has significant implications for instructors, suggesting them using rubrics as valuable grading tools to evaluate students effectively.

თანაზომიერების პრინციპის თეორიული და პრაქტიკული ასპექტები (ქართული და გერმანული სამართლის მიხედვით)

The principle of proportionality brings governmental activities into a strict constitutional and legal framework and thereby contributes to the adequate balancing of basic human rights and public legitimate goals set by the state. In the current edition of the Constitution of Georgia, specifically, in paragraph 3 of Article 34, it is explicitly stated that the limitation of the basic human rights must correspond to the importance of the legitimate goal that it serves to achieve. The dogmatics and practice of the principle of proportionality have been developed in German law since the 50s of the 20th century and spread throughout the continental European legal system. In the present situation, the constitutional courts consider the principle of proportionality as a universal constitutional principle and evaluate the justification for limiting the basic rights based on the established practice. However, there is no unambiguous and doctrinal discussion-free approach to the individual components of the principle of proportionality, especially where the line is drawn between the scope of the legislative view and the constitutional requirement of proportionality. The principle of proportionality and its proper articulation in practice represents a crucial achievement, although it is necessary to adequately understand its dogmatic nature in order to avoid separate theoretical or practical objections regarding this issue. Key words: the principle of proportionality, legitimate purpose, utility, necessity, proportionality in the narrow senses.

Digital design of open hollow obturator framework using existing dentures: A dental technique

Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology has been applied to the fabrication of maxillary obturator frameworks, both directly and indirectly. However, with earlier techniques, it was not possible to accurately determine the position of the framework conforming to the palate, an issue that has been resolved in current fabrication methods. Using the patient’s existing denture, prosthodontists can determine where the framework should be positioned in the defect area. This allows the obturator bulb to be hollowed, thereby reducing weight and making adjustment easier. The most appropriate position for the finish line can be determined by accurately establishing the arrangement of the artificial teeth as well as the most appropriate polishing surface morphology. In maxillofacial prosthetics, restoring proper articulation and the swallowing function through rehabilitation is important, and determining the proper palatal morphology enables good tongue movement and facilitates the restoration of adequate function. The lighter weight contributes to protecting the remaining teeth and improves patient comfort.

Collaborative Development: How Linguists and Aviation SMEs can Best Serve the Aviation Language Community

For the purposes of safety in aviation and in accordance with the ICAO recommendations, all pilots and controllers must follow a prescribed set of rules in order to communicate effectively within the worldwide aviation community. Therefore, they must be trained in their use of aviation language. It seems, after research conducted in this context, that the training provided solely by SMEs does not suffice as they do not draw attention to proper articulation and pronunciation, nor drill grammar and vocabulary sufficiently. On the other hand, language instructors deliver on such issues on a regular basis, though, not being experts in aviation themselves, may leave out important elements of aeronautical communication. Hence, the only way to deliver the training is the collaborative development of both specialists. We suggest here one model of such cooperation. The generation of sample language and conceptual examples to place the use of this structured communication in the proper context, should be initiated by the SME. However, language instructors should be available to participate in such exercise building sessions to continuously keep the linguistic goal of the exercise in clear focus, as they would be best suited to that role. Using such a model to develop outcome-based language exercises embodies several advantages over developing study material produced by only one half of this suggested collaborative team. This paper will seek to elaborate on the different models which may be used in such endeavours as well as narrow the focus to the model suggested above, with a more detailed explanation of this model, to include sample language lessons (or lesson plans) generated in this way.

Collaborative online tools for teaching physics: RC circuits

This article describes the potential of simulation, with TinkerCad® through a RC circuit, in combination with Python for higher-level physics learning. This proposal is focused in the context of the typical experimental activity of physics’ epistemology; in the situation generated by the pandemic associated with COVID-19. The transient voltage and current data are obtained in two assemblies, real and simulated, which will be analyzed with Python ® in an online editor. The results indicate that the proper articulation of TinkerCad and Python, in simulated setups, are promising for collaborative learning of physics from experimental activity

Intelligence capital: The management of knowledge assets and development of adaptive capacities in the city of Arequipa

Purpose: The objective of this research is to measure the intelligence components and capabilities in the city of Arequipa, based on the Integral Intelligence Model (Olavarrieta and Carrillo, 2009). This model articulates the notion of Intelligence Capital, which allows components and capabilities to be developed in agents, thus promoting adaptation, knowledge management and quick responses in the optimal decision making by these agents. Design/methodology: The Integral Intelligence Model proposed by Carrillo and Olavarrieta (2009) was taken as a basis, analyzing each of its components and capabilities in relevant agents or organizations in the City of Arequipa. This work identifies how the maturity level of these capabilities makes the operationalization of the Intelligence Capital (IC) possible. The information was obtained through direct interviews with decision-making agents of the institutions in the City of Arequipa (governors and top management of companies in the city), as well as from reports and secondary sources. Findings: This research lays a solid foundation for the proper articulation of the IC as a fundamental element of Knowledge-Based Development (KBD). The results highlight the importance of fine-tuning internal processes for this type of development, the trade-off between the speed of response and good design, execution, development and evaluation of processes and the need to develop intelligence components in organizations, in order to operationalize IC and generate value. Limitations: The study focuses on the first semester of 2020 in the City of Arequipa, a period characterized by the uncertainty and environmental risk caused by COVID-19. Practical implications: The research reveals that in the City of Arequipa, there are potential intelligence capabilities or components that are consolidated in the design, planning, execution and evaluation of internal and external processes in institutions and organizations. However, the development of these capabilities is diminished by flaws in the identification and processing of information, resulting in only moderately agile responses. Social implications: This research provides evidence that in the KBD model, social agents play a fundamental role in decision-making, as they are the ones who identify and interpret significant events in the environment. This, in turn, allows effective, positive and adaptive responses to be issued that guide and drive the organizations. Originality/value: This study presents a methodology that can be replicated in other cities, and which makes it possible to identify the intelligence capabilities of agents or organizations, in this case of a city.

Case Report: Digital analysis of occlusion with T-Scan Novus in occlusal splint treatment for a patient with bruxism

Bruxism is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. Its clinical manifestations are most often an unaesthetic smile with abraded tooth surfaces, temporomandibular disorders and muscle hyperactivity. Here we present a case of bruxism where proper articulation of the occlusal splint was performed using the T-scan Novus system. A patient with bruxism underwent treatment with stabilization splint made by 3D printer technology. Intraoral scanning was performed using Trios Color (3Shape, 2014), and the digital design was achieved using the 3Shape Dental system design - splint studio. Formlabs Form 2 printer with biocompatible resin Dental LT Clear Resin was used for printing. The T-Scan Novus system with software attached to it, version 9.1, was used for digital examination of the occlusion. A 2.7 mm thick occlusal splint was developed, and the software adapted the occlusion with antagonists. After adjustment with T-Scan Novus, a reduction in disocclusion time of the patient was achieved, which is a desired result in the treatment of bruxism. The position of the joint components was proven radiologically. The treatment of bruxism with splint therapy continues to be the main method of treatment. Using digital technology allows for more accurate constructions and precise balancing of occlusal relationships.

Path towards embedding industry 4.0 paradigm – Digital competence overview in HEI: The Alto Minho Region case study

The increased adoption of IoT and analytical devices, telecommunication systems, smart sensors, and diverse information systems have brought significant impacts to Industry 4.0. To respond to this rapid technological evolvement is essential to ensure a proper articulation of HEI (Higher Education Institutions) with industry, to better prepare graduates with the appropriate competencies and technological capabilities within the digital transition of the industry. This paper aims to present a research project developed in digital transformation amongst HEI students, in the Alto-Minho region disclosing the trigger points to increase the digital adoption and embedding of Industry 4.0 paradigm. The obtained results enabled to conclude an apparent low level of digital literacy, a lack of vision and awareness about the technology potentialities throughout industry activities, besides its use almost restricted to leisure and as study support, as well as lack on cybersecurity domain-specific competencies.

Case Report: Digital analysis of occlusion with T-Scan Novus in occlusal splint treatment for a patient with bruxism

Bruxism is a disease with a multifactorial etiology. Its clinical manifestations are most often an unaesthetic smile with abraded tooth surfaces, temporomandibular disorders and muscle hyperactivity. Here we present a case of bruxism where proper articulation of the occlusal splint was performed using the T-scan Novus system. A patient with bruxism underwent treatment with stabilization splint made by 3D printer technology. Intraoral scanning was performed using Trios Color (3Shape, 2014), and the digital design was achieved using the 3Shape Dental system design - splint studio. Formlabs Form 2 printer with biocompatible resin Dental LT Clear Resin was used for printing. The T-Scan Novus system with software attached to it, version 9.1, was used for digital examination of the occlusion. A 2.7 mm thick occlusal splint was developed, and the software adapted the occlusion with antagonists. After adjustment with T-Scan Novus, a reduction in disocclusion time of the patient was achieved, which is a desired result in the treatment of bruxism. The position of the joint components was proven radiologically. The treatment of bruxism with splint therapy continues to be the main method of treatment. Using digital technology allows for more accurate constructions and precise balancing of occlusal relationships.

Surgical role in the management of peritoneal dialysis catheters – evidence and proposals to improve current practices

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) relies on adequate function of PD catheter. Mechanical complications are a major cause of dropout among PD patients. A prompt timing and an appropriate intervention may overcome these problems with catheter salvage, without interrupting PD treatment. Many Portuguese centers still lack a proper articulation between nephrology and surgical departments. We describe current available surgical approaches in the implantation of PD catheters, management of mechanical complications, exit -site infections and other abdominal surgical procedures. Our aim is to reinforce the need for an established protocol of action between these departments as occurs with vascular access in hemodialysis.

Flood Hazard Assessment in Madeira (Portugal) – The Case Study of Machico

This study aims to carry out a proper flood risk assessment in Machico’s main watercourse and purpose at least two different flood mitigation measures to prevent major impacts over the watershed. Furthermore, the assessment addresses the need for structural-measures — i.e. detention basins — towards mitigating flood hazards under high-intensity and short-duration precipitation events. It became possible to morphometrically characterize all the watersheds using empirical equations to gather specific parameters and indexes. A proper articulation between the hydrological and the spatial analysis using geographic information systems was then carried out. According to many parameters calculated the watershed of Machico proved to assume a very large-size and to be highly prone to flash floods. The spatial analysis took into consideration the watershed’s Fill Rate using both Dutch and the Ternary Phase Diagram methods and allowed us to define criteria towards the establishment of detention basins as a valid flood mitigation measure. Finally, it was clear that the watershed corresponding to Machico’s main watercourse induces the need to further implement either a detention basin or to modify the roughness coefficient of its river channel. Moreover, the comparison between the results obtained with DROTA’s Flood Risk Report, allows us to consider this study’s outcome both satisfactory and valid.

Entrepreneurship Education in Nigeria Tertiary Institutions and its Impact on Students’ Entrepreneurial Career Intentions. A Study of Students at Federal Polytechnic Ekowe

Purpose: Entrepreneurship education as an influencer of graduate entrepreneurial intention is gaining massive attention amongst practitioners, policy makers and academics across the globe. The proliferation of entrepreneurship courses in universities around the world is evident of this wide acceptance of entrepreneurship education as a strategy for graduate entrepreneurship. The purpose of this research paper is to ascertain the impact entrepreneurship education has on students’ entrepreneurial career intentions.Methodology: The article includes a review of literature in entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention to gain background knowledge. This research is a qualitative, interpretive phenomenological study and relies on narrative as a means of knowing, and as a form of communication. The scope of the study is year one students at the Federal Polytechnic of Oil & Gas Ekowe in the departments of Computer Science, Science Laboratory Technology and Statistics. The questionnaire was designed in a semi-structured way and distributed to students to return after 7 days to allow for proper articulation of narratives.Findings: A total of 42 students participated in the interview and 42 returned. 28.57% representing 12 students showed intention to start a business, 40.48% (17 students) desire to get a job after graduation while 13 students (30.95%) are unsure what they want to do after graduation. The results indicate that entrepreneurship education has a positive impact on students’ entrepreneurial career intention but other than EE, it was also revealed from participants’ narratives that age, prior experience and parents’ status have positive influence on graduate entrepreneurial decisions.Implication of Findings: Findings will aid curriculum designers and educational policy makers to scrutinize and re-examine EE programmes and how they are taught to enhance practice.Originality: Narratives and storytelling methods are not the common methods adopted in entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention research. More research should be carried out using this method to validate results from this approach.

The Translator’s Voice through the Translation of Characters’ Names in Bian Cheng

Bian Cheng is a representative novel of Modern Chinese Literature. One of the most translated works of Modern Chinese Literature, the novel demonstrates diversified folklore, which is fully embedded and embodied in the images presented by the names of its characters. This qualitative study compares the images of names in the original Chinese version and an English version translated by Kinkley in an attempt to reveal how translator’s voice is reflected by varying translation techniques. Newmark’s model of translation techniques and Millan-Varela’s model of translator’s voice are employed for the nuanced analysis. The investigation uncovers two major translation techniques in this regard: amplification and reproduction. The former, which shows a stronger translator’s voice, is used more frequently than the latter, which displays a relatively weaker translator’s voice. The study also shows that the strong translator’s voice does not necessarily convey the corresponding and equivalent image, and the weak one fails to do so even at a less satisfactory level. It is thus concluded that complicated source culture should be paid sufficient and accurate attention through the proper articulation of translator’s voice so that the equivalent and similar images could be successfully presented and communicated through translation. Keywords: Modern Chinese Literature; characters’ names; image; translation technique; translator’s voice

A Rational Model for Agroecology as a Science

Agroecology was born as a competing theory to sciences derived from the Green Revolution like conventional agronomy or modernized animal husbandry. In recent years, several theoretical models or approaches have been developed in order to explain this science. However, any of them can explain its change or difference with its rival theories in a rational manner that allows assessment of its success. As a result, the aim of this study was to propose a rational model of scientific change based on main and auxiliary hypotheses. We found that seven basic principles have been formulated throughout theoretical books and papers as well as several auxiliary hypotheses that can be derived from them. These principles are as follows: (1) characteristic systemic principle of agroecology, (2) principle of biomimicry, (3) principle of biodiversity, (4) principle of specificity of agroecosystems, (5) principle of governance, (6) principle of socioecological resilience, and (7) principle of vulnerability. Also, three principles for food systems approach were retrieved. This model shows agroecology more like an organic theory that moves in different scales than a set of rival theories competing for success. However, a proper articulation and discussion of these basic principles is yet to be done.

Reason and Sentiment in Normative Disputes

Abstract In the last fifty years, anthropology has engaged in intense debates about the rational grounds upon which ethnographic understanding rests. Whatever the particular stand taken by the respective interlocutors in these debates, the main reference shared by all interventions is the symbolic character of anthropological data and understanding. If that is so for any ethnographic context, the importance of focusing on the symbolic pre-structure of the lifeworld is even more significant when we look at normative disputes. This is because differently than assertoric statements about facts in the world, the meanings of norms exist prior to the research interests of the interpreter and lie first and foremost in the world views of the subjects who share them. My research about dispute resolution has shown that reason and sentiment often become entangled in these processes and their proper articulation is a condition for making the respective conflicts intelligible.

Use and application of information and communication technologies in the students of the degree in administration of the Tecnologico de Calkini

Currently, ICTs are necessary for growth and educational and social development. However, the simple provision of infrastructure and technological equipment to schools is insufficient, These require its proper articulation in the teaching-learning processes and proper school management. for this reason it is imperative to evaluate the use of ICT in young students of higher level in the Maya area of the Camino Real of the State of Campeche. The study is descriptive, with a quantitative approach, the design is non-experimental transactional, the method was the field study and the technique is the survey with the questionnaire as an instrument. The results indicate that one of the most deeply rooted devices among students is the cell phone; the Laptop is the machine that most students use to do their jobs and tasks; for this reason, this device represents an opportunity to work more with them, this device represents an opportunity to work more with them, this is favored by the public policies that have taken place in the area and have allowed students to access the internet in schools. Therefore, an ICT policy in the institution favors young students to increase their potential in the use of these technologies.

Assessing the operational and economic efficiency benefits of dynamic manufacturing networks through fuzzy cognitive maps: a case study

The formation and effective end-to-end management of manufacturing networks is touted as a top priority for manufacturing enterprises that strive to improve the efficiency, adaptability and sustainability of their production systems. Due to their potential benefits, Dynamic Manufacturing Networks (DMNs), a knowledge-enhanced, model-based production management approach enabling seamless communication and cooperation among individual network members’ manufacturing systems, are gradually becoming a focal point of attention. Nevertheless, current understanding around the DMN concept remains fuzzy, whereas the way in which it can benefit manufacturing enterprises lacks proper articulation. This paper clarifies the management approach of Dynamic Manufacturing Networks on the basis of the DMN lifecycle and the respective information model used, while it further develops a model for their evaluation. In this respect, it employs the soft computing methodology of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps to capture industry laypeople perceptions on the factors that affect their operation, and to reveal insights on prospective benefits. Application of this model in a real-world, multi-site, single factory context in the semi-conductor industry provides good approximations of the experts’ estimations. The results, found in the directions of reduced cycle times, decreased costs and improved quality are quite promising and highlight the key role of the DMN information model. The assessment model designed enables to reason on and identify DMN gains. Thereby, it provides a basis for communication as well as a decision aid that offers evidence on the outcomes of establishing DMNs, ultimately creating a sense of confidence, before an enterprise commits its resources to it.

MAKHRAJ PENGUCAPAN HURUF HIJAIYAH DALAM BENTUK SIMULASI MODEL TABUNG VOCAL TRACT DARI ALAT UCAP MANUSIA

When reading the Qur'an, each letter should be pronounced according to its proper articulation (Makhraj). Mistake in pronunciation of a letter or makhraj can change the meaning of that letter. Elements of sound in Arabic is very important to learn in order to the pronunciation of the Arabic language accordance with the rules of the Arabic language that have been assigned. The purpose of this research is to analyze the pattern of frequencies called formant for each pronunciation hijaiyah which express the proper pronunciation. Data is obtained by recording the expert qori and qoriah, then processed with software ''Praat" to get the formant frequencies and analyzed. Furthermore, the data is processed in the form of Graphical User Interface (GUI) using MatLab, thus obtained the pattern pronunciation for each letter pronounced in the form of a tube resonator models which express the the pattern of articulation tool.Keywords: makhraj, resonator, formant, fonem