Proof Of Validity Research Articles

Dispute Resolution of Certified Land Rights in Sale and Purchase Transactions

The resolution of disputes over certified land rights in purchase and sale transactions is a crucial issue in agrarian law in Indonesia. Legal uncertainty often arises due to double claims, incomplete documents, or disputes between parties claiming to have the same land rights. The existence of a land right certificate is the result of the land registration process. As stated in Article 19 paragraph (2) of the UUPA, land registration includes several series of activities that end with the provision of valid proof of rights as a valid means of proof. This study aims to analyze the dispute resolution mechanism and the role of legal institutions and land administration in ensuring legal certainty. Thus, it can be said that a right to the land has a certificate as proof of its rights. On the other hand, if a land right does not have a certificate, it means that the land is registered as required by the applicable laws and regulations, the method used is a qualitative approach with case studies in several areas that experience land rights disputes. The results of the study show that mediation and arbitration can be an effective alternative settlement before taking the litigation route. In addition, the importance of transparency in the land certification process and legal education for the community is the main highlight to reduce conflicts. These findings are expected to provide recommendations for policymakers and the public in maintaining the stability of land rights in Indonesia.

Securing Real-Time Data Transfer in Healthcare IoT Environments with Blockchain Technology

The increasing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in healthcare applications, particularly during emergencies, necessitates safe protocols for transmitting real-time data. Medical data are essential for healthcare applications, and reliance on IoT devices to control information flow necessitates the consideration of five critical areas. This work addresses the security challenges associated with the transmission and storage of copyrighted healthcare data, as well as the inadequacy of the present methods in facilitating real-time data transfer given the volume of data and network conditions. This research provides a theoretical framework for the secure and immediate offloading of computations in IoT healthcare systems. The objective is to implement secure communication and networking technologies to ensure the security and integrity of medical data, maintain confidentiality, and facilitate real-time transmission of information. The proposed framework is simulated in MATLAB for system model implementation. A blockchain network sandbox was established with the delegated proof-of- stake (DPoS) consensus method, supplemented by proof-of-work (PoW) and proof-of-validation (PoV) for enhanced security. To assess the efficacy of this framework, multiple test scenarios focused on the number of nodes, the volume of data, and the conditions of network connectivity. The results demonstrated the system's efficacy in facilitating the offloading of real-time data in IoT healthcare applications. The aforementioned study demonstrated that the framework exhibited rapid transaction processing, efficient resource use, and energy conservation while also enhancing secure data transmission across various network conditions. The findings confirm that the proposed architecture can effectively and securely transmit real-time data in IoT healthcare applications without jeopardizing data authenticity, privacy, or integrity. The system's ability to address security challenges and manage substantial data volumes under varying settings indicates that it can be effectively deployed in healthcare systems, particularly in critical situations.

Studying Pupil-Size Changes as a Function of Task Demands and Emotional Content in a Clinical Interview Situation

The human pupil changes size in response to processing demands or cognitive (work)load and emotional processing. Therefore, it is important to test if automatic tracking of cognitive load by pupil-size measurement is possible under conditions of varying levels of emotion-related processing. Here, we investigated this question in an experiment simulating a highly relevant applied context in which cognitive load and emotional processing can vary independently: a clinical interview. Our participants conducted a live clinical interview via computer monitor with a confederate as an interviewee. We used eye-tracking and automatic extraction of participants’ pupil size to monitor cognitive load (single vs. dual tasks, between participants), while orthogonally varying the emotional content of the interviewee’s answers (neutral vs. negative, between participants). We ensured participants’ processing of the verbal content of the interview by asking all participants to report on the content of the interview in a subsequent memory test and by asking them to discriminate if the answers of the interviewee referred to only herself or to somebody else (too). In the dual-task condition, participants had to monitor additionally if the facial emotional expressions of the interviewee matched the content of her verbal responses. Results showed that pupil-size extraction reliably discriminated between high and low cognitive load, albeit to a lower degree under negative emotional content conditions. This was possible with an algorithmic online measure of cognitive load as well as with a conventional pupil-size measure, providing proof of the external validity of the algorithm/online measure.

THE ROLE OF LAND DEED MAKING OFFICIALS IN LEGAL SETTLEMENT OF COMPLETE SYSTEM LAND REGISTRATION CERTIFICATES THAT OVERLAP IN SALE AND PURCHASE TRANSACTIONS IN TABANAN REGENCY

Registration of Complete Systematic Land (PTSL) is the process of registering land for the first time This Complete Systematic Land Registration is one of the government programs due to the large number of uncertified land However, Complete Systematic Land Registration still encounters many problems in the field such as overlapping certificates Overlapping certificates can hinder the process of transferring rights such as hindering the registration of the transfer of land rights carried out by a Land Deed Official (PPAT) This research uses theory of legal certainty, the theory of legal protection and the theory of usefulness with empirical legal research. The legal consequence if the certificate of sale and purchase object overlaps is that the certificate cannot be used as valid proof of ownership of a piece of land In the case discussed here, the certificate issued in recent years must be cancelled first by submitting a request for cancellation of the certificate, then the certificate issued earlier will be processed for division according to the area of each ownership certificate (SHM) of the cancelled PTSL and processed to be in the name of each party. The role of PPAT in resolving overlapping land ownership certificates is by calling the parties whose certificates overlap, asking for the chronological origin of the rights application so that a duplicate certificate can be issued, and conveying it to the local Land Office to provide a solution to the problem of overlapping certificates.

Legal Protection of Eigentumsverponding Deeds in the Context of Inheritance Rights

The strength of the eigendom verponding deed in the context of inheritance rights, as well as the legal protection provided to the rights holders. The eigendom verponding deed serves as valid proof of land ownership and has significant legal implications, especially in the inheritance process. This research explores the legal protection available for holders of eigendom verponding deeds and the legal consequences arising from such deeds in the context of inheritance rights. It has been found that this deed can function as strong evidence in the inheritance process; however, it is also vulnerable to disputes if not supported by adequate documentation. This study also discusses efforts that eigendom verponding rights holders can undertake to safeguard and protect their inheritance rights. These efforts include land rights registration, conversion of rights into ownership rights, and compliance with applicable legal provisions to ensure that inheritance rights are recognized and not lost. This research emphasizes the importance of a deep understanding of the rights and obligations of eigendom verponding deed holders, as well as the need for consultation with legal advisors to minimize the risk of losing rights.

Proof of concept validation of bioresorbable optical fibers for diffuse correlation spectroscopy.

Optical quality bioresorbable materials have been gaining interest in recent years for various interstitial biomedical/medical application. An example of this is when the implant gradually dissolves in the body, providing physiological information over extended periods of time, hence reducing the need for revision surgeries. This study reports for the first time the in-house fabrication of single mode (at 785 nm) calcium phosphate glass (CPG) based bioresorbable optical fibers and investigates their suitability for microvascular blood flow monitoring using diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). Ex vivo experiments in liquid phantom and non-invasive in vivo experiments on the human forearm muscle were conducted using multimode and single mode CPG bioresorbable optical fibers. The retrieved flow index from the correlation curves acquired using CPG fibers was in good agreement with that obtained using standard silica (Si) fibers, both ex vivo and in vivo. The results demonstrate the potential of CPG optical fibers for further exploration.

Developing a Pancasila students' character instrument: Proof of construct validity and estimation of construct reliability

This study aims to prove construct validity and estimate construct reliability of the character scale of Pancasila students by using confirmatory factor analysis. The research approach used is quantitative with a sample of 200 high school students selected at random. This study measured the variables by six aspects, 15 indicators, and 20 questions. The six aspects include faith and piety to God Almighty, global nationality, cooperation, independence, critical reasoning, and creativity. The data analysis technique used is confirmatory factor analysis. The study results concluded that the instrument for assessing the character of Pancasila students in high school had a loading factor of more than 0.4 and a value of more than 0.96 which was declared valid and significant. Likewise, the instrument has been declared fit in testing the goodness of fit model. Thus, this finding indicates that the observed and performance covariance matrices are not significantly different. This study recommends a scale to measure the character of Pancasila students in senior high school.

CA‘FERÎ ÂLİMİ TÛSÎ’NİN EL-‘UDDE ADLI ESERİNDEKİ KIYAS İLE İLGİLİ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Tusi argues that qiyas is not a religious proof and that rational deduction should be preferred over qiyas. He emphasizes that qiyas expresses assumptions and causes contradictions, and therefore, it should not be accepted as evidence in religious rulings. Tusi asserts that qiyas cannot be a valid proof and that religious rulings should be based on clear textual evidence. In this context, he discusses the arguments of both those who accept qiyas and those who reject it, stating that qiyas, being based on assumptions and probabilities, can lead to erroneous conclusions. He also argues that some verses cited as evidence for the validity of qiyas cannot be considered as proof, and that there are strong evidences showing that the use of qiyas is impermissible. Tusi critiques the narrations and opinions relied upon by the proponents of qiyas and asserts that applying qiyas solely based on the apparent meaning of the nass is incorrect. Over time, the stance of the Jafari school on qiyas weakened, and through scholars such as Muhaqqiq al-Hilli and Ibn al-Mutahhar al-Hilli, it evolved into a concept of ijtihad parallel to that of other schools. The article also evaluates the reasons for rejecting qiyas, especially the attitudes of the Imamiya and other schools toward qiyas, and presents the critiques that Tusi raised on this matter. It discusses how qiyas was debated among the Companions and Mujtahids in the past, with examples provided.

THE LEGAL STATUS OF UNCERTIFIED LAND IN INDONESIA: CHALLENGES AND PATHWAYS TO OWNERSHIP CERTIFICATION UNDER AGRARIAN LAW

Every individual has the right to private property, and these rights cannot be taken arbitrarily. Before the enactment of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) in Indonesia, a dualism in agrarian regulations existed, leading to various forms of land tenure. One such form is "girik," a document associated with generational land ownership, often without an official land certificate. Girik land is typically inherited and lacks formal certification, creating potential legal complications. This research employs normative juridical methods, focusing on secondary data to examine the legal status of girik as land ownership evidence under Indonesian agrarian law. The study addresses two key questions: (1) What is the legal standing of girik as proof of land ownership under Indonesian agrarian law? and (2) How can the status of girik land be converted into a formal certificate of ownership? Findings reveal that the UUPA does not recognize girik as valid proof of ownership, as confirmed by Supreme Court Decision No. 34/K/Sip/1960. The research underscores the importance of formalizing girik land to prevent future legal disputes.

Developing reaction time measurement tool norms for table tennis athletes

Table tennis coaches, athletes’ selection teams, and researchers seek a rare yet essential tool: a precise measure of reaction time performance. In this 4D research and development (R&D), the researchers aimed to develop a table tennis athletes’ reaction time (RT) measurement tool and norm the development process. Ninety participants (n=90), aged 17.97 years (99% CI: 17.7–18.2) with an average height of 168.05 cm (99% CI: 167–169), used the tool and the PLX DAQ Application recorded their data. Using RStudio and the descriptive statistics technique, we analysed the data: among key findings, the tool yielded proof of strong validity (Aiken V index = 0.92) and good reliability (ICC = 0.87). Athletes’ categorization revealed four distinct RT range boundaries: ‘Excellent’ (3 athletes), ‘Good’ (6 athletes), ‘Fair’ (50 athletes), and ‘Poor’ (31 athletes), respectively with RTs limits of 12.1 and 13.1, 14.1 and 15.1, 16.1 and 17.1, and then 18.1 and 19.1 ms. Height significantly influenced RT (r = -0.46), while age did not. As height increased from around 167.5±175 cm, RT decreased below 15 ms. We recommend disseminating a tool that is valid, reliable, and susceptible to categorising athletes’ performance. Keywords: reactive agility, reaction time, 4D R&D, table tennis

Malebranche’s approach to God’s existence

In this paper, the author reproduces one of Nicolas Malebranche’s arguments for God’s existence. The text offers (I) a logical formalization of the argument, (II) a formal proof of validity of the argument and, finally, some philosophical reflections concerning not only (III.I) the soundness of the argument, but (III.II) the intellectual benefits that a logical formalization offers to a philosophical historian of philosophy.

Character Scale for Assessing Discipline and Learning Responsibilities Character in Elementary School

Assessment is an important process in the learning series that needs to be carried out as well as possible using clear and high-quality instruments. Assessment of the character of discipline and responsibility in one elementary school was only carried out based on teacher observations. This can indirectly make the assessment subjective from the teacher's perspective only. This research aims to produce a collection of instruments for assessing the character of discipline and responsibility in the form of a quality self-scale. This type of research is development research carried out using the development instrument stage. The number of items developed in this research was 20 statements. After being analyzed using CFA, a total of 14 statements were obtained which can be used to measure discipline and responsibility character. The data collection technique used in this research used a validation sheet and a self-scale with a 5-category Likert. Validity is calculated using the Aikens formula and produces a high score. Meanwhile, the estimated reliability of this instrument was calculated using Composite Reliability, producing a number >0.7, which means the instrument has high reliability. Proof of validity and reliability has been fulfilled so that the instrument can be used in assessing discipline and responsibility character. Through a valid and reliable instrument, more accurate measurement data will be obtained, and objectivity in character assessment will be guaranteed. The research implications are in the self-scale which can be used as a balance in latent character assessment.

Thermometry mapping during CT-guided thermal ablations: proof of feasibility and internal validation using spectral CT

Objective. Conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging does not provide quantitative information on local thermal changes during percutaneous ablative therapy of cancerous and benign tumors, aside from few qualitative, visual cues. In this study, we have investigated changes in CT signal across a wide range of temperatures and two physical phases for two different tissue mimicking materials, each. Approach. A series of experiments were conducted using an anthropomorphic phantom filled with water-based gel and olive oil, respectively. Multiple, clinically used ablation devices were applied to locally cool or heat the phantom material and were arranged in a configuration that produced thermal changes in regions with inconsequential amounts of metal artifact. Eight fiber optic thermal sensors were positioned in the region absent of metal artifact and were used to record local temperatures throughout the experiments. A spectral CT scanner was used to periodically acquire and generate electron density weighted images. Average electron density weighted values in 1 mm3 volumes of interest near the temperature sensors were computed and these data were then used to calculate thermal volumetric expansion coefficients for each material and phase. Main results. The experimentally determined expansion coefficients well-matched existing published values and variations with temperature—maximally differing by 5% of the known value. As a proof of concept, a CT-generated temperature map was produced during a heating time point of the water-based gel phantom, demonstrating the capability to map changes in electron density weighted signal to temperature. Significance. This study has demonstrated that spectral CT can be used to estimate local temperature changes for different materials and phases across temperature ranges produced by thermal ablations.

Fe site regulation and activity deciphering by selective phase transformation in the confined FeNi nanoparticles for oxygen evolution reaction

Given its initially low activity and difficulty in active phase formation, Fe site regulation is rarely touched in FeNi-based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. Herein, the Fe sites regulation and activity deciphering are demonstrated by selective phase transformation taking nitrogen-doped carbon confined FeNi nanoparticles derived from Fe2Ni-MIL-MOF pyrolysis as an example; driven by the reduction atmosphere and Kirkendall effect assisted by melamine pyrolysis, some Fe and Ni sites were separated to form metallic Fe and FeNi alloy and the subsequent fluorination process induced the ionic compound FeF2 formation rather than NiF2, offering a good platform to evaluate the influence of active Fe phase for OER catalysis. Theoretical calculations combined with ex-situ and in-situ spectral characterization techniques proved the complete convention of FeF2 into a high-valent and reactive intermediate state of FeOOH. Considering the stable metallic state of Ni, the largely improved catalytic performance could be attributed to the Fe site regulation and the subsequent synergistic catalysis effect. Compared to the traditional iron-based catalyst, theoretically, the electronic structure of FeF2 was more conducive to the active FeOOH phase formation and significantly lowered the reaction energy barrier for OER. By addressing the aforementioned problems, low overpotential and good stability for OER catalysts were realized. The current work showed valid proof of the FeNi-based catalysts regulation via Fe sites for energy-relevant catalysis reactions.

The Modern Technology Legal Certainty on Electronic Certificates of Land

In fact, often these physical land certificates are easily duplicated. This of course makes the owner of the land certificate suffer losses. This research aims to examine and analyze legal certainty for electronic land certificates as proof of ownership of land rights in Indonesia; and to review and analyze the legal protection of data on electronic land certificate ownership rights. The approach method used in this study is a normative legal approach. The results of the study show that: (1) Legal certainty of land certificates in the form of electronic documents can be categorized as electronic evidence which has the same evidentiary power as written/written evidence made on paper and the printout as a form of valid proof. (2) Legal protection that can be given to electronic land certificate ownership data consists of: a) Preventive legal protection in the form of guaranteed fulfillment of personal data protection by requiring Electronic System Operators in this case the National Land Agency (BPN) to maintain the confidentiality of public personal data and safeguard it so that there is no leakage.

Screening for anxiety and depression in the general population: Adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 in Russia

The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is one of the most well-known and widely used instruments for assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms.Objective. The aim of this study was to adapt the Russian-language version of the PHQ-4 in the general population.Material and Methods. Data collection was carried out with the help of the service «Anketolog». The participants were 2,000 Russians (1,000 men and 1,000 women) aged 18 to 60 years (M = 38.78; SD = 9.25).Results. The psychometric analysis confirmed the internal reliability and discriminative validity of the adapted questionnaire. The proof of the factor validity of the Russian version of the PHQ-4 was the identification of a two-factor structure describing the symptoms of anxiety and depression, and factor invariance by age, level of education, marital status, parental status, financial status and place of residence. Among the Russians, 44.9% had clinically significant anxiety symptoms and 42.9% had clinically significant depressive symptoms. Russians with anxiety and depressive symptoms more often sought counseling from a psychologist, coach, psychiatrist and neurologist, underwent psychopharmacological treatment in connection with psychological requests, contacted support groups and a psychological help hotline, used online products of automated or semi-automated psychological support, read psychological literature and used psychoactive substances.Conclusion. The psychometric properties of the Russian-language version of the PHQ-4 turned out to be similar to the psychometric characteristics of the original version of the questionnaire, and therefore the adapted questionnaire can be recommended for screening anxiety and depression in the general Russianspeaking population.

A distinct class of pan-cancer susceptibility genes revealed by an alternative polyadenylation transcriptome-wide association study

Alternative polyadenylation plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression; however, current transcriptome-wide association studies mostly ignore alternative polyadenylation when identifying putative cancer susceptibility genes. Here, we perform a pan-cancer 3′ untranslated region alternative polyadenylation transcriptome-wide association analysis by integrating 55 well-powered (n > 50,000) genome-wide association studies datasets across 22 major cancer types with alternative polyadenylation quantification from 23,955 RNA sequencing samples across 7,574 individuals. We find that genetic variants associated with alternative polyadenylation are co-localized with 28.57% of cancer loci and contribute a significant portion of cancer heritability. We further identify 642 significant cancer susceptibility genes predicted to modulate cancer risk via alternative polyadenylation, 62.46% of which have been overlooked by traditional expression- and splicing- studies. As proof of principle validation, we show that alternative alleles facilitate 3′ untranslated region lengthening of CRLS1 gene leading to increased protein abundance and promoted proliferation of breast cancer cells. Together, our study highlights the significant role of alternative polyadenylation in discovering new cancer susceptibility genes and provides a strong foundational framework for enhancing our understanding of the etiology underlying human cancers.

Preventing sexual violence in adolescence: digital booklet construction and validity

Objective: To develop and analyze a digital booklet for preventing sexual violence in adolescence as proof of content validity. Methods: This is a methodological study developed in three stages: digital booklet construction based on the Falkembach model; material validity by a committee of experts using the Index of Agreement (IA), considering it greater than 80%; and assessment by the target audience (adolescents), based on the application of the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM), considering it “Superior” between 70% and 100%; “Suitable”, between 40 and 69%; “Unsuitable”, between 0 and 39%. Results: The digital booklet was considered valid by experts, with an agreement rate between 86% and 100%, and qualified as “Superior” by adolescents with a score percentage of 97% on the SAM. Conclusion: The booklet was considered valid by experts and target audience, being able to be used as a technological resource to identify situations of sexual violence in adolescence and enable the adoption of preventive behaviors.

ABA DOA (Android-Based Attendance for D-III Accounting Lecturers) Using the USU Vocational Faculty Location Authorization Feature

Abstract This research details the development of Android-based Attendance Application for D-III Accounting Lecturers (ABA DOA) using Appsheet platform and utilizing LATLONG() and DISTANCE() functions for location validation. The development method applied is Rapid Application Development (RAD). ABA DOA provides convenience for lecturers with a self-photo feature as proof of validation, while integrating GPS and Google Maps to validate the location of attendance. The application results show efficiency in academic management with an optimal level of security. The LATLONG() function is used to determine the location coordinate point, while DISTANCE() is used to measure the distance between the authorized coordinate point and the attendance location. This research highlights the importance of technological innovation in supporting academic activities and campus management. The conclusion of this research is that ABA DOA successfully optimizes the attendance process with a high level of validation and security, making a positive contribution to the efficiency and effectiveness of study program management.

Legal Analysis of Providing Documents by a Notary to People Who Have No Direct Interest (MA Case Study Number 20/PK/PID/2020)

This study aims to determine and analyze the concept of UUJN and Legislation related to the obligation of notaries in providing documents to direct interested persons. To determine and analyze the sanctions for notaries who make power of sale deeds without the support of valid proof of ownership. To find out and analyze the legal protection of good faith buyers for the negligence of notaries who provide certificates to unauthorized parties Decision Number 20 PK/PID/2020. First, the conclusion states that every unlawful act that brings harm to another person, obliges the person who through his fault causes the loss, to compensate for the loss and everyone is responsible not only for losses caused by his actions, but also for losses caused by his negligence or lack of caution. Second, the legal consequences or sanctions for notaries who make power of sale deeds without valid proof of ownership can be subject to administrative sanctions in the form of written warnings, temporary dismissal, respectful dismissal, or dishonorable dismissal. Notaries may also be subject to civil sanctions. Third, the legal protection of good faith buyers against the negligence of notaries who provide certificates to unauthorized parties in Decision Number 20 PK/PID/2020. In principle, the law always provides legal protection to good faith buyers.