Promotion Of Healthy Lifestyle Research Articles

Prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among nursing staff in a low and middle-income country: A cross-sectional digital survey-based study.

To assess the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among the nursing staff and educate them on prevention. Nursing staff is integral to the Indian community healthcare systems. Recent studies report a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Indian nursing staff. Therefore, data on the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors among nursing staff are crucial for education on prevention. A cross-sectional digital survey-based study. We invited 4435 nursing staff to attend our online survey. We used a customized questionnaire for data collection, including a digitized version of the Community-Based Assessment Checklist form. A score of >4 was considered high risk and warranted screening. Among 682 nursing staff who attended, 70% had never undergone screening for non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors was significantly higher in male nursing staff. In addition, logistic regression analysis showed that age, tobacco and alcohol use, increased waist circumference, physical inactivity and family history of non-communicable diseases were significant risk factors among nursing staff. The study findings suggest that the nursing staff have suboptimal self-health concerns on non-communicable diseases. This situation warrants continued medical education, awareness campaigns on adopting a healthy lifestyle and health promotion.

De-imFAR phase II project: a study protocol for a cluster randomised implementation trial to evaluate the effectiveness of de-implementation strategies to reduce low-value statin prescribing in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

IntroductionThis study aims to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) of statins and foster healthy lifestyle promotion in cardiovascular disease (CVD) primary prevention in low-risk patients. To this end, we will...

Evaluation of the population-level impacts of the LiveLighter® obesity prevention campaign from 2012 to 2019 based on serial cross-sectional surveys

BackgroundHalting and reversing the upward trend in obesity requires sustained implementation of comprehensive, evidence-based strategies at the population-level. The LiveLighter® program targets adults using a range of public education strategies, including mass media campaigns, to support healthy lifestyle changes to attain or maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of chronic disease. LiveLighter® has been implemented in Western Australia (WA) since 2012 and, to our knowledge, includes the longest running adult-targeted mass media campaign for healthy weight and lifestyle promotion and education globally. This evaluation assessed the impact of LiveLighter® on WA adults’ knowledge, intentions and behaviours as they relate to healthy eating and body weight from 2012 to 2019.MethodsLiveLighter® mass media campaigns, which are TV-led and aired statewide, depict genuine, graphic imagery of visceral fat around internal organs to raise awareness about the link between excess body weight and chronic diseases; demonstrate how unhealthy food and drink consumption can contribute to unhealthy weight gain; and recommend healthy alternatives. Cross-sectional telephone surveys were conducted at baseline and following each campaign phase with an independent, randomly selected sample of WA adults aged 25 to 49 years (n = 501 to n = 1504 per survey) to assess their knowledge of the link between excess body weight and chronic diseases, and their intentions and behaviours related to healthy eating and weight. Multivariable logistic regression models were undertaken to assess differences in responses between baseline and each post-campaign survey.ResultsCompared to baseline, there were significant increases in the proportion of respondents reporting knowledge of excess body weight as a risk factor for certain cancers and type 2 diabetes, intentions to eat more fruit and vegetables and drink less sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the next seven days, and the proportion of respondents who reported meeting guidelines for daily vegetable intake. Reported consumption of SSBs significantly decreased.ConclusionsLiveLighter® is associated with improvements in knowledge of the health risks associated with excess body mass, increased vegetable intake and reduced SSB consumption in WA adults. These findings support the use of sustained, well-designed healthy lifestyle promotion and education programs as part of a comprehensive obesity prevention strategy.

Achievement of Primary Prevention Cardiometabolic Targets in Women with HIV: An Urgent Call to Action to Pursue Cardiovascular Health.

Cardiometabolic health has become crucial, especially for women with HIV (WWH). We assessed the achievement of targets for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes (H/Dy/DT) in primary prevention in a WWH cohort. Cross-sectional analysis including all WWH in our clinic, excluding those who had a myocardial infarction. H/Dy/DT achievement was assessed by both EACS guidelines and individual cardiovascular risk, CVR (measured by ESC calculator), using logistic regression to evaluate differences in H/Dy/DT achievement between migrant and Italian women. We included 292 WWH, 55.5% Italian and 44.5% migrant women; the median age was 50 (IQR:42-58) years, 94.5% had undetectable HIV-RNA, 55.1% had a high level of education, 27.1% were smokers, and 19.2% did regularly physical exercise. Overall, 76%, 19%, and 5% of women presented a low, a high, and a very high CVR, respectively. Among Italians, 28.4% and 6.2% women presented a high and a very high CVR, respectively. Considering migrants, 7.7% and 3.8% women presented a high and a very high CVR, respectively. Overall, among migrant women, those with a high CVR were more likely to be not at target than those with a low risk (especially for LDL-c and blood pressure among people on treatment), despite the fact that we did not detect a statistically significant difference. By contrast, migrants were more likely to achieve glycemic targets than Italians (p = 0.032). H/Dy/DT target achievement is suboptimal, especially in migrants. A more aggressive pharmacological treatment, also assessing adherence to medical prescriptions, and promotion of healthy lifestyle should be urgently implemented, possibly redrawing the current model of care.

Evaluation of school-based interventions including homework to promote healthy lifestyles: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract Aim It is important to promote healthy lifestyles in youth through initiatives in school, which is a preferred setting to implement health-related interventions also targeted at families to be more effective. This study aimed to synthesise school-based interventions including homework and extracurricular activities for the promotion of healthy lifestyles, especially healthy nutrition and physical activity, in children and adolescents. Methods This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Tool for Quality Assessment for randomized and non-randomized control trials, while the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology) guidelines were used for observational studies. Results From the 1356 studies identified, eight were included. Across studies, a significant effect was found in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption and reducing snack and sugar intake, while no effect was found for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) unless for light PA (LPA) and step counts. The results of BMI and waist circumference are still unclear after performing a meta-analysis of three studies. Conclusion School-based interventions including homework and extracurricular activities were shown to improve nutritional behaviour, step counts, and LPA. Despite some statistically significant results, the effects of BMI and waist circumference are still unclear. Further studies are needed to demonstrate that these intervention s can represent an effective strategy for obesity prevention.

Identifying factors affecting a healthy lifestyle in the post-COVID-19 era.

A healthy lifestyle is one of the important global concepts in the post-COVID-19 era, which can lead to maintaining and improving the health of societies. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting a healthy lifestyle in the post-COVID-19 era. The current research is a qualitative study that was conducted in the field by theoretical sampling method. The qualitative method used in the current research was Strauss-Corbin's method. The data collection tool in the current research was a semi-structured interview. The researcher reached theoretical saturation by the end of the 13th interview, and for more certainty, the interviews continued until the 15th interview. The statistical population of the research was all professors and experts with specialized doctorate degrees in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, and finally, 15 people were selected according to the entry and exit criteria for the study. Data analysis was done by summarizing and coding and analyzing the hidden content from expert interviews using MAXQDA software. The factors affecting a healthy lifestyle in the post-COVID-19 era (cultural norms, social norms, biological norms, technological factors, and economic factors) emerged from the intuitive opinions of experts. Providing and maintaining health is not a simple task, as it involves biological, individual, familial, cultural, societal, economic, political, and health factors. Promotion of healthy lifestyles is not merely the responsibility of health-related organizations and bodies; rather, they necessitate extensive coordination and empathy among educational, health, cultural, service, and even political institutions and bodies.

Common mental disorders among adolescents in an urban area of Delhi.

Common mental disorders (CMDs) among adolescents may hamper their psycho-social development. This study evaluated the prevalence and determinants of CMD like depression and anxiety among late adolescents of an age of 15--19 years residing in an urban resettlement colony of southeast Delhi. A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 556 randomly selected adolescents. CMD was assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview - Kid version 6 (MINI-Kid) based on DSM-IV TR and compliant with ICD-10 definitions of CMD. The associated risk factors were studied using a self-developed semi-structured interview schedule and analyzed using multi-variable logistic regression. A total of 491 adolescents were interviewed (a response rate of 88.3%), of whom 247 (50.3%) were female and 210 (42.8%) belonged to a lower-middle socio-economic status. The lifetime prevalence of CMD was 34% [95% confidence interval (CI): 29.8-38.2]. Of the total, 22.4% (95% CI: 18.7-6.1) of the participants reported depression and 6.7% (95% CI: 4.5-8.9) reported generalized anxiety disorder during their lifetime. Female sex [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-2.2], experiencing a stressful event in the past 6 months (aOR 4.7, 95% CI: 3.1-7.3), and smoking tobacco (aOR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-7.4) significantly increased the odds of having CMD in multi-variate analysis. There is a high prevalence of CMD among adolescents residing in urban resettlement colonies of Delhi, which is composed mostly of people belonging to lower socio-economic strata. Hence, tailored intervention at stress management with promotion of healthy lifestyle is needed for this age group.

Click, Track and Eat: The Power of Nutrition Apps

Nutrition apps enhances the nutrition guidance and suitability in balancing and tracking food intakes. They expand knowledge and awareness about nutrition as well. The modern technologies connect users to have wearable devices and data analytics with motivations, visions and support on their journey towards healthy lifestyles. Instead of hunting through books and contacting nutritionists, you can find all information about healthy lifestyles into single solution and easily assessable platforms.
 As it provides more flexibility, it allows the users to interact at their own ease and make healthier choices by obtaining nutritious recipes and advices, which makes it more convenient and cost effective. In addition, these apps provide users to give real-time feedbacks and guidance, monitor their diet behaviors and physical activities and supplementation information They also facilitate them in weight calculations and calories-tracking to manage their whole diet plans. Furthermore, these offer several healthier activities like exercising and staying hydrated alerts.
 However, nutrition apps have many limitations and challenges; users may consider it time consuming with recent study highlighting that the calorie and fitness tracking may be related to eating disorders [1]. Additionally, another study on eating disorders found that body dissatisfaction and preoccupations with body shape tend to be high in the individuals using nutrition apps [2]. Despite these issues, the accuracy of these app can vary depending on user’s capability to record their food intake.
 Nevertheless, this does not deny the significance of dietary compositions in health and illness prevention and management. Appropriate nutritional intake is crucial to maintain a healthy life, avoid nutrient deficiencies and lower the risk of diseases. Therefore, it is imperative to establish effective methods so that the dietary can be tracked and thus improved. It is equally important to address the concerns related to negative impacts of nutrition apps such as unhealthy eating habits due to overdependence.
 In conclusion, this editorial sheds light on the significance of nutrition apps that provide user-friendly interactions for improving dietary habits. While many of nutrition apps have positively improved user behaviors and diet quality, addressing challenges such as users’ annoyance and disengagements still remains. Looking forward, prioritizing user satisfaction and enhancing functionality is crucial to unlocking the nutrition apps potential for achieving long-term impacts in diet quality and promoting healthier lifestyles.

Healthy lifestyles and rapid progression of carotid plaque in population with atherosclerosis: A prospective cohort study in China

BackgroundHealthy lifestyles are effective means to reduce major cardiovascular events. However, little is known about the association of healthy lifestyles with development of carotid atherosclerosis at the early stage of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). MethodsWe enrolled participants from Fujian province in the China PEACE MPP project. We calculated a healthy lifestyle score by adherence to non-smoking, sufficient physical activity, healthy diet and healthy body mass index. Cox proportional hazards regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to explore the association between the healthy lifestyles and rapid progression of carotid plaque. Results8379 participants were included (mean age: 60.6 ± 8.3 years, 54.6 % female), with a median follow-up of 1.2 years (inter quartile range: 1.0–1.6). RCS showed a significant inverse association between the healthy lifestyle score and progression of carotid plaque. Participants with “intermediate” (HR: 0.72 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.65–0.80]) or “ideal” (HR: 0.68 [0.59–0.78]) adherence to healthy lifestyles had a lower risk of progression of carotid plaque compared to those with “poor” adherence. Age, sex, occupation, income, residence type and metabolic status were significant factors influencing the relationship. Farmers benefited more in non-smoking and sufficient physical activity compared to non-farmers, and participants with lower income or without dyslipidaemia benefited more in sufficient physical activity and healthy diet compared to their counterparts (p-for-interaction < 0.05). ConclusionsHealthy lifestyles were associated with lower risk of progression of carotid plaque in populations with atherosclerosis. Promotion of healthy lifestyles from the early stage of carotid atherosclerosis could reduce the burden of CVDs in China.

Abstract P203: Healthy Diet Perception, Cardiovascular Disease, and Risk Factors in Americans

Introduction: Healthy diet perception may influence cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Misperceptions on the healthfulness of one’s diet can interfere with the precontemplative and contemplative stages of behavioral change if individuals overestimate their diet quality. Using a nationally-representative sample, we explored the prevalence of healthy diet misperception in the general population and in those with CV diseases, as well as whether misperceptions are associated with clinical CV risk factors. Methods: We included adults≥20 years old from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020. Using survey data on participants’ perception of their own diet and diet recall data to calculate Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI), we divided participants into dietary quantiles. We categorized healthy diet perception (HDP) as overestimated (perceived&gt;HEI quantile), accurate (perceived=HEI quantile), or underestimated (perceived&lt;HEI quantile). We categorized those who self-reported hypertension, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and stroke as having CV disease. Clinical CV risk factor measures were body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). We used multiple logistic regression to measure the association between CV disease and HDP and multiple linear regression for HDP and CV risk factors, stratified by presence of CV disease. Results: Of 7,710 adults, 4,470 (57.5 weighted %) overestimated HDP; 1,924 (25.6 weighted %) underestimated HDP; and 1,316 (16.9 weighted %) correctly estimated HDP. After adjusting for age, sex, and education level, having CV disease was not associated with incorrectly estimating HDP (adjusted OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.93, 1.26) or overestimating HDP (adjusted OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.00, 1.48), compared to correctly estimating HDP. Among those with CV disease, overestimating HDP was associated with higher BMI (adjusted difference 1.9 m/kg 2 ; 95% CI 0.8, 2.9) and lower HDL (adjusted difference -2.8 mg/dL; 95% CI -5.1, -0.5). Among those without CV disease, overestimating HDP was only associated with higher BMI (adjusted difference 1.9; 95% CI 0.8, 2.9) Conclusions: More than half of Americans overestimate their diet quality, and adults with CV disease do not estimate diet quality more accuracy than those without CV disease. Among adults with CV disease, misperceptions in diet quality were associated with worse CV risk factor profiles, highlighting the need to assess and educate patients with CV disease on personal diet quality as part of healthy lifestyle promotion. Among those without CV disease, dietary misperceptions were associated with higher BMI, suggesting that increasing awareness of one's diet is also important in CV disease prevention.

Colonization of Raphanus sativus by human pathogenic microorganisms.

Contamination of vegetables with human pathogenic microorganisms (HPMOs) is considered one of the most important problems in the food industry, as current nutritional guidelines include increased consumption of raw or minimally processed organic vegetables due to healthy lifestyle promotion. Vegetables are known to be potential vehicles for HPMOs and sources of disease outbreaks. In this study, we tested the susceptibility of radish (Raphanus sativus) to colonization by different HPMOs, including Escherichia coli PCM 2561, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica PCM 2565, Listeria monocytogenes PCM 2191 and Bacillus cereus PCM 1948. We hypothesized that host plant roots containing bactericidal compounds are less prone to HPMO colonization than shoots and leaves. We also determined the effect of selected pathogens on radish growth to check host plant-microbe interactions. We found that one-week-old radish is susceptible to colonization by selected HPMOs, as the presence of the tested HPMOs was demonstrated in all organs of R. sativus. The differences were noticed 2 weeks after inoculation because B. cereus was most abundant in roots (log10 CFU - 2.54), S. enterica was observed exclusively in stems (log10 CFU - 3.15), and L. monocytogenes and E. coli were most abundant in leaves (log10 CFU - 4.80 and 3.23, respectively). The results suggest that E. coli and L. monocytogenes show a higher ability to colonize and move across the plant than B. cereus and S. enterica. Based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) approach HPMOs were detected in extracellular matrix and in some individual cells of all analyzed organs. The presence of pathogens adversely affected the growth parameters of one-week-old R. sativus, especially leaf and stem fresh weight (decreased by 47-66 and 17-57%, respectively). In two-week-old plants, no reduction in plant biomass development was noted. This observation may result from plant adaptation to biotic stress caused by the presence of HPMOs, but confirmation of this assumption is needed. Among the investigated HPMOs, L. monocytogenes turned out to be the pathogen that most intensively colonized the aboveground part of R. sativus and at the same time negatively affected the largest number of radish growth parameters.

An individually adjusted approach for communicating epidemiological results on health and lifestyle to patients

If scientific research on modifiable risk factors was more accessible to the general population there is a potential to prevent disease and promote health. Mobile applications can automatically combine individual characteristics and statistical models of health to present scientific information as individually tailored visuals, and thus there is untapped potential in incorporating scientific research into apps aimed at promoting healthier lifestyles. As a proof-of-concept, we develop a statistical model of the relationship between Self-rated-health (SRH) and lifestyle-related factors, and a simple app for conveying its effects through a visualisation that sets the individual as the frame of reference. Using data from the 6th (n = 12 981, 53.4% women and 46.6% men) and 7th (n = 21 083, 52.5% women and 47.5% men) iteration of the Tromsø population survey, we fitted a mixed effects linear regression model that models mean SRH as a function of self-reported intensity and frequency of physical activity (PA), BMI, mental health symptoms (HSCL-10), smoking, support from friends, and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. We adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors and comorbidity. We designed a simple proof-of-concept app to register relevant user information, and use the SRH-model to translate the present status of the user into suggestions for lifestyle changes along with predicted health effects. SRH was strongly related to modifiable health factors. The strongest modifiable predictors of SRH were mental health symptoms and PA. The mean adjusted difference in SRH between those with 10-HSCL index = 1.85 (threshold for mental distress) and HSCL-10 = 1 was 0.59 (CI 0.61–0.57). Vigorous physical activity (exercising to exhaustion ≥ 4 days/week relative to sedentary) was associated with an increase on the SRH scale of 0.64 (CI 0.56–0.73). Physical activity intensity and frequency interacted positively, with large PA-volume (frequency ⨯ intensity) being particularly predictive of high SRH. Incorporating statistical models of health into lifestyle apps have great potential for effectively communicating complex health research to a general audience. Such an approach could improve lifestyle apps by helping to make the recommendations more scientifically rigorous and personalised, and offer a more comprehensive overview of lifestyle factors and their importance.

Community empowerment in improving health status

&#x0D; Community empowerment is an important approach to improving health at various social, economic, and cultural levels. This approach emphasizes the active role of communities in managing and improving their own well-being, including aspects of physical, mental, and social health. Community empowerment involves the process of developing the knowledge, skills, and capacity of individuals and groups to understand and overcome health problems. This can include health education, the promotion of healthy lifestyles, strengthening access to health services, and building community-friendly health infrastructure. Through collaboration between governments, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector, community empowerment can be an effective means to improve the accessibility and quality of health services, as well as to reduce health disparities among different groups of people. The implementation of community empowerment programs has shown a significant impact on increasing health knowledge, improving healthy living behaviors, and reducing preventable disease and mortality. The development of strategies and policies that support community empowerment is an important step in achieving sustainable development goals in the health sector&#x0D;

Sports Health in Older Age: Prevalence and Risk Factors - Systematic Review

Exercise prevalence in older adults often shows low levels, with a considerable portion of this demographic being physically inactive. Myriad studies have also depicted gender disparities in exercise prevalence, highlighting that men tend to engage in more physical activity compared to women. The primary objective of this research is to highlight sports health in older age, prevalence, and risk fac-tors through a systematic review. This research employs a systematic review method by searching reputable journal databases such as Science Direct and Pubmed. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles published in the last five years related to exercise in the elderly, addressing topics such as exercise prevalence, risk factors for exercise, physical activity participation, the health of the elderly, and barriers to exercise. The exclusion criteria in this study were articles published in non-reputable journals. The researchers selected and analyzed 16 articles meeting the inclusing criteria for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment. The research findings reveal that within the first group, various risk factors significantly impede exercise in older adults, including chronic health conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. In addition, factors such as lack of knowledge about the benefits of exercise, fear of injury, and social isolation contributed to reduced participation in physical activity. Furthermore, the findings with-in the second group underscore the significance of information that various exercises through health sports activities to support body health in old age. The results of the third group show that some treatments of sports health therapy are suitable for the elderly. Understanding these multifaceted factors is paramount to design effective interventions to increase sports participation in the elderly. Therefore, the promotion of active and healthy lifestyles in older adults should consider the social, economic and health factors that influence individuals' decisions. This holistic approach can contribute to improving the quality of life and well-being of older adults, concurrently reducing the burden of age-related diseases. Keywords: active lifestyle, older age, physical activity, Sports Health

Subjective assessment by employees of health-saving technologies at the individual level and in the workplace

Aim to study the attitude to a healthy lifestyle of employees of various professions by means of a questionnaire and their assessment of the health-saving technologies used in the workplace.&#x0D; Material and methods. 210 workers took part in the survey. The questionnaire included 24 questions that allow us to evaluate employees' ideas about a healthy lifestyle, technologies for self-preservation of health and a system of health-saving measures at the enterprise. The obtained data were subjected to mathematical and statistical processing.&#x0D; Results. The analysis of respondents' responses revealed the formation of respondents' ideas about a healthy lifestyle (HLS), however, the proportion of people following the principles of HLS in each of the two groups formed by industry is low. Respondents consider lack of time, material difficulties and lack of perseverance and will to be the main reasons preventing compliance with the requirements of a healthy lifestyle, and the most popular measures of self-preservation of health are compliance with sleep and rest, annual medical examination. It should be noted the prevalence of such behavioral risk factors in both groups as poor nutrition and low physical activity, which, apparently, is the reason for a significant proportion of positive responses about being overweight, exceeding the national average. Among men of the first group, the proportion of smokers is also high. Insufficient attention is paid at enterprises to ensuring safe working conditions using innovative technologies and collective means of protection. Various ways of compensating employees for working in harmful working conditions are rarely used, as well as means of encouraging and increasing employees' motivation for healthy lifestyle.&#x0D; Conclusions. In order to solve the problem of protecting the health of employees and achieving work longevity, it is necessary to tighten the legislative requirements for the introduction of comprehensive health promotion programs in the workplace, the promotion of healthy lifestyle.&#x0D; Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with all ethical standards set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association and the Directives of the European Community.

MANifest Health Theory: A Holistic Approach to Cis-Gender Men's Health.

Men's health has often been overlooked in health care, with traditional gender norms and societal expectations significantly shaping men's health behaviors and attitudes. The MANifest Health Theory (MHT) offers a comprehensive framework to address cis-gender men's unique health needs by considering the complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. Rooted in four interconnected core concepts-Biopsychosocial Model, Health Optimization, Health Synchronicity, and Ethnocultural Expression-MHT provides a holistic understanding of men's health. This article explores how MHT integrates inductive and deductive reasoning, describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling aspects of men's health. Key components such as Gender-Sensitive Care, Health Empowerment, Supportive Environments, and Interdisciplinary Collaboration are discussed in relation to practical strategies for health care delivery. The limitations of MHT, including its developmental status, cultural applicability, and inclusivity of diverse gender identities, are acknowledged. Future steps for validating and refining the theory through empirical research, cultural adaptation, and inclusion of diverse gender experiences are outlined. By applying MHT, health care professionals can deliver more holistic and culturally competent care, promoting healthier lifestyles and reducing health care disparities among men.

Exploring expectations and readiness for healthy lifestyle promotion in Swedish primary health care: a qualitative analysis of managers, facilitators, and professionals

Objective Prior to a multifaceted implementation strategy for a healthy lifestyle-promoting practice the expectations of primary health care managers, appointed internal facilitators and health care professionals on supporting change was explored. Design This study had an explorative qualitative design using data gathered from individual interviews and focus groups. Qualitative content analysis with a deductive category development was applied using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Setting and participants The study was conducted in a primary care setting in central Sweden as a part of the Act in Time research project. Prior to a multifaceted implementation strategy, we held 16 individual interviews with managers and appointed facilitators and five focus groups with 26 health care professionals. Results Managers, facilitators, and professionals held similar expectations, where their expressed need for support corresponded to three constructs: Readiness for implementation, Implementation climate, and Engaging. Our findings indicate the need for strong leadership engagement to focus on how the healthy lifestyle-promoting practice can be anchored among the professionals. Managers at all levels should communicate the vision and goals, enable facilitators and professionals to improve their competencies, build inter-professional teams, and jointly plan the new practice. Conclusion To change to a healthy lifestyle promoting practice professionals request support from their managers, who in turn need support from the middle and top managers. The requested support includes helping to prioritise health promotion and enabling the primary care centres to build competence and take ownership of the implementation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04799860

Adolescence and Nursing, Together for the Promotion of Healthy Nutritional Habits

Unhealthy eating habits during adolescence increase the risk of developing chronic diseases in the future. The lack of knowledge about nutrition among adolescents is a problem that must be urgently addressed. In the Tulcán canton, the existence of nutritional diseases among adolescents from different areas has been confirmed. The objective of this research is to propose nursing strategies to reduce nutritional complications in adolescents from the Tulcán canton. A diagnosis was made regarding adolescents' knowledge of nutritional complications in the canton. A mixed methodology was used in the research, which was non-experimental with a cross-sectional design, action-oriented, descriptive, bibliographic, field-based, and applied. The theoretical methods employed were inductive-deductive, analytical-synthetic, and historical-logical. The empirical method used was scientific observation. The study population consisted of 75 adolescents attending the Tulcán Sur Health Center. A survey was used to obtain information. Among the results, it stands out that more than 45% had no knowledge of nutritional diseases; 53% practiced inadequate eating habits, at inappropriate times, without engaging in physical activity. Strategies related to Education, Promotion, Prevention, and Evaluation were taken into account. Addressing these challenges from a comprehensive perspective, promoting policies and programs that foster the availability, accessibility, and affordability of healthy foods, as well as nutritional education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles from adolescence, benefits the well-being of the Ecuadorian population.Keywords: Adolescence, nutrition, healthy habits

Malignant Neoplasms in Serbia – Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Prevention

The paper deals with the analysis of the incidence and mortality of malignant neoplasms in Serbia. The study aimed to present the epidemiological situation regarding malignant diseases in Serbia, in comparison with some relevant data from around the world, and to provide an overview of the possibility of preventive interventions. In this paper, only publicly available data was used from The Population Register for Cancer of the Republic of Serbia, the WHO, and the work of other researchers. All data were used according to established best practices in research. It was concluded that malignant neoplasms rank second in terms of morbidity and mortality in Serbia. The incidence of malignant tumors by location is the highest for lung and bronchial cancers in men, and breast cancer in women. Notably, the morbidity rate in Serbia is lower compared to Western Europe, while the mortality rate is significantly higher. The cause of such outcomes certainly lies, at least partially, with certain risk factors and the lifestyle choices associated with them, but also in poorer material conditions. Material conditions are directly related to the level of health care development. It is necessary to focus efforts on the reduction of risk factors, the promotion of healthy lifestyles and the improvement of health care in general, which is a basic human right.

Heart rate sensor with IoT features

This paper describes the working of a heartbeat sensor project aimed at creating an internet-enabled heart rate monitoring device, combining the ESP32 microcontroller, MAX30102 pulse oximeter sensor, and OLED display. The device transmits real-time data to a webpage, allowing users to monitor their heart rate conveniently. Challenges included securing a stable internet connection and optimizing power consumption. Potential applications range from remote patient monitoring to fitness tracking, promoting healthier lifestyles. The project demonstrated the convergence of IoT and health monitoring technologies. Plans involve refining the device’s capabilities and enhancing user experience.