Promoter Research Articles

Standards and controls for genetic testing

The majority of genetic tests done today are completely home brew assays. A few of the more common tests are based on ASR level reagents. To date the only genetic assays that are available as FDA-approved in vitro diagnostic (IVD) kits are for analysis of the Factor V (Leiden) and Factor II (promoter G to A) mutations associated with thrombophilia risk for assessment of cytochrome P450 2D6 and 2C19 polymorphisms and for analysis of mutations in the CFTR gene. In this regard, the lab community has taken the lead in development of standards and controls for genetic tests. As genetic testing enters the mainstream, we expect to see more approvals of IVD kits, and the IVD manufacturing community will take a larger role in providing the control materials for these assays. Commercially run proficiency testing programs are only available for the most common genetic tests. All other tests must use approaches such as sample swapping between labs to fulfill this requirement.

421 乱流プロモータによるT字形配管合流部における流動特性(流体工学IV)

421 乱流プロモータによるT字形配管合流部における流動特性(流体工学IV)

Comportamento dos empresários islâmicos em Moçambique

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ComX is a unique link between multiple quorum sensing outputs and competence in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Natural competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is achieved directly by specific proteins that are involved in DNA uptake and chromosomal recombination, and is regulated indirectly by a quorum-sensing system encoded by two loci, comAB and comCDE. The alternative sigma factor, ComX, is thought to be the unique link between quorum sensing and competence-specific genes. To test this hypothesis, we replaced the quorum-sensing inducible promoter (PQ) of the comX gene with either a constitutive promoter (PC) or a raffinose-inducible promoter (PR), so that comX transcription would be independent of quorum sensing. Surprisingly, both competence and expression of late genes, such as ssbB, cglA or celB, were found to depend on CSP in these mutants. An unknown, CSP-dependent regulator was needed when comX was expressed from these ectopic promoters, and it appears to act post-transcriptionally. However, when a multicopy nisin-inducible ComX-overexpressing plasmid was introduced, pneumococcal cells developed competence in the presence of nisin even despite deletion of comE. At 1% of the normal protein peak level, ComX protein stimulated competence without the participation of the pheromone response circuit. Thus, ComX is a unique link to competence-specific genes, but depends on multiple outputs of quorum sensing for maximal expression.

A Case of Infliximab as a Promoter of Metastatic Melanom

A Case of Infliximab as a Promoter of Metastatic Melanom

Changing Sensitivity at the Promoter

Changing Sensitivity at the Promoter

"Hog"ging the Promoter

"Hog"ging the Promoter

Promoter eliminates gel-time drift

Promoter eliminates gel-time drift

N-PHENYLIMIDAZOLIUM TRIFLATE AS A HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PROMOTER FOR THE INTERRIBONUCLEOTIDE-BOND FORMATION VIA THE PHOSPHORAMIDITE METHOD

N-Phenylimidazolium triflate has been invented as an extremely effective promoter for the construction of interribonucleotide linkage according to the phosphoramidite strategy.

Sustained but Not Transient Phytochrome A Signaling Targets a Region of an Lhcb1*2 Promoter Not Necessary for Phytochrome B Action

Sustained but Not Transient Phytochrome A Signaling Targets a Region of an Lhcb1*2 Promoter Not Necessary for Phytochrome B Action

Alkane isomerization on MoO3/ZrO2 catalysts

Fil: Yori, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catalisis y Petroquimica "Ing. Jose Miguel Parera". Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catalisis y Petroquimica "Ing. Jose Miguel Parera"; Argentina

Synthesis of a Di-And a Trisaccharide Related to the Repeating Unit of E.Coli O128 Lipopolysaccharide

ABSTRACT Starting from L-fucose, D-galactose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose, methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-galactopyranoside and methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-[α-L-fucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside, which are related to the repeating unit of E.coli O128, have been synthesized using NIS and TfOH as promoter.

Evaluation of The Role of The Z Promoter in Cyp21B Expression in Mouse Adrenal Y-1 Cells

Evaluation of The Role of The Z Promoter in Cyp21B Expression in Mouse Adrenal Y-1 Cells

MerR cross-links to the alpha, beta, and sigma 70 subunits of RNA polymerase in the preinitiation complex at the merTPCAD promoter.

MerR, the metalloregulator of the mercury resistance (mer) operon, binds the operator (merO)between -10 and -35 of the merTPCAD promoter (PT) and sequesters RNA polymerase (RNAP) in a closed complex. MerR represses PT until Hg(II) induces it to underwind merO DNA and thus facilitate open complex formation. We used cross-linking to determine if direct contacts between MerR and RNAP also occur during this process. MerR cross-linked to the alpha, beta, and sigma70 subunits of RNAP alone, indicating stable contacts which were further stabilized upon forming the preinitiation complex at PT. Hg(II) did not eliminate any of the MerR-RNAP cross-links but did increase the relative abundance of a MerR dimer conformer. Interference by MerR with self-cross-links among RNAP subunits and the formation of an electrophoretically stable association between MerR and RNAP also indicated MerR-RNAP interactions. This is the first evidence for stable physical contacts between MerR and RNAP and for a Hg(II)-induced allosteric change in MerR in the transcription-competent complex.

Le rôle de la structure chromatinienne dans la régulation transcriptionnelle de l'expression des gènes

Le rôle de la structure chromatinienne dans la régulation transcriptionnelle de l'expression des gènes

Nuclear factor κB/p50 activates an element in the distal matrix metalloproteinase 1 promoter in interleukin‐1β‐stimulated synovial fibroblasts

Nuclear factor κB/p50 activates an element in the distal matrix metalloproteinase 1 promoter in interleukin‐1β‐stimulated synovial fibroblasts

Promoter Characterization of the Human Na+/I- Symporter

Promoter Characterization of the Human Na+/I- Symporter

A novel NlaIII polymorphism in the human IL‐6 promoter

A novel <i>Nla</i>III polymorphism in the human IL‐6 promoter

Promoter logic.

Promoter logic.

Editorial. Can we promote equity when we promoter health?

Editorial. Can we promote equity when we promoter health?