Promote Gender Equality Research Articles

Gender and the Gig Economy: An Analysis of Women Workers across Gig Platforms

The expansion of gig economy was seen with short term, flexible work along with the benefit of digital platforms, all these have brought in new opportunities for people. The main idea of the passage is to explore participation, the hindrances and the discrimination they must go through It also studies the issues and societal factors contributing to the "missing women" phenomenon in India. The research paper uses secondary data and a more qualitative approach along with some analytical tools such as linear regression, and chi-square to test the hypotheses and find conclusions. The analysis concludes that women are often disregarded in the gig platforms and tend to engage in lower paying jobs with lesser flexibility for them. Additionally, women experience unequal pay, unstable job, and lesser of benefits in the gig economy. With respect to the "missing women" phenomenon in India, the study explores behavioural factors such as son preference, gender inequality practices. By finding the gaps and challenges faced by women, which are often ignored, this study aims to inform policies and practices that can help women overcome obstacles, promote gender equality, and create a more inclusive and equitable gig economy.

Part-Time Paradox: The Rise of Female Part-Time Employment and Its Impacts on Germany's Labor Market

Despite an employment rate of 76.6% for women in Germany, significant issues persist with regard to the labour market situation of women in the country. These include the prevalence of part-time work, the under-representation of women in senior management positions and the existence of pay gaps. This article employs data from the German Statistical Office spanning the period from 2000 to 2022 to examine the growth in part-time employment among women and its ramifications. The paper demonstrates that part-time work is a prevalent phenomenon in female-dominated sectors such as health and education. This is driven by a combination of economic conditions, the necessity to reconcile work and family life, and legal regulations. This situation consequently results in women facing lower remuneration and constrained career prospects. The necessity to balance work and family responsibilities represents a significant challenge for women, impeding their career development and negatively impacting their job performance and workplace commitment. These dynamics serve to perpetuate gender inequalities in the labour market, thereby preventing women from realising their full potential at work. This article makes a significant contribution to the existing literature on the relationship between part-time work and gender inequalities in the German labour market by providing a detailed analysis of this complex relationship. The article offers valuable insights into the potential of legal regulations, such as the Temporary Part-Time Work Act enacted in 2019, to alleviate the adverse effects of part-time work on women. The research is distinctive in its comprehensive examination of the socio-economic dynamics of part-time work, its legal framework, and its impact on gender equality, based on an extensive data analysis conducted over an extended period. By offering a detailed and nuanced understanding of these issues, the study draws attention to the ongoing challenges women face in the labour market and suggests potential policy interventions to promote gender equality. This article emphasises the necessity for targeted measures to facilitate women's career progression and offset the adverse consequences of part-time employment, thereby contributing to a more equitable labour market.

Legislative Pioneers: The Brave South Korean Women Spearheading Change Against Gender Discrimination, Violence, and Inequality Through Progressive Laws

In South Korea, women have a long history of fighting against injustice. This includes brutality and discrimination based on gender. This study looks at how South Korean women led the way. The aim of this writing is to examine the critical role played by female lawmakers in South Korea as they lead the charge in passing progressive legislation to fight inequality, violence, and gender discrimination. The study explores the historical background of women's political engagement in South Korea, stressing the rise of women's rights movements and the difficulties experienced by female activists in promoting gender equality. This study proposes to search for the roles of "Legislative Pioneers" in South Korea. It does this by drawing on a thorough assessment of the literature. The paper explores the impact of South Korean women's legislative activism on gender equality through interviews, historical analysis, and official data as mixed approach by both quantitative as well as qualitative methodology. The transformative impact of women legislators in driving legislative reforms aimed at addressing gender-based violence, promoting gender equality in the workplace, and enhancing women's political representation and participation is examined in this paper through an analysis of legislative initiatives and policy outcomes. The conversation also looks at the obstacles and difficulties faced by female parliamentarians, such as institutional impediments in the political system and opposition from conservative forces. Notwithstanding these obstacles, female lawmakers persist in promoting progressive reforms, capitalizing on global connections and partnerships to propel gender parity and women's entitlements in South Korea. In summary, the study illuminates the noteworthy accomplishments of legislative trailblazers in South Korea and underscores their pivotal function in cultivating a society that is more comprehensive and just for every person.

Barriers to Empowerment: Examining the Transition of Pakistani Women from Higher Education (HE) to Professional Life

Gender equality is essential for economic and societal advancement, as outlined in the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 5. This research examines the obstacles that hinder women’s progression from higher education to empowerment in Pakistan. Using a comprehensive descriptive survey questionnaire, we collected quantitative data to gain insights from a diverse sample of various provinces. The survey consisted of two sections: background information and 25 constructs of barriers from the existing literature. Data analysis involving 399 respondents included descriptive and inferential statistics, cross-tabulation, and significance testing using non-parametric tests. The findings highlighted significant sociocultural, familial, and professional barriers, with regional disparities underscoring the need for targeted interventions. Women respondents consistently perceived barriers more keenly than men, underscoring the gender-specific nature of these challenges. This study emphasizes the need for focused policies and educational initiatives to address barriers and promote gender equality in Pakistan’s higher education and professional spheres.

Representation of Gender Found in “English for Nusantara” EFL Textbook

This research aimed to identify gender representation found in English for Nusantara EFL textbook. This research was qualitative research. The data of this research were collected from English for Nusantara EFL textbook specifically for ninth grade. The researchers adopted a framework form Amini & Birjandi (2012) in analysing the data. The researchers focused on some aspects of gender representation such as visibility, firstness, feminine/ masculine generic construction, activity, and occupation. The finding of this research revealed that there is a gender bias between male and female in the textbook. This imbalance suggests a perpetuation of gender biases that can influence learners' perceptions and expectations regarding gender roles. Educators and curriculum developers must recognize the importance of equitable gender representation to foster an inclusive learning environment. Addressing these biases is essential for promoting gender equality and empowering all students, regardless of gender, to envision a wider range of roles and opportunities.

An Analysis of Women's Roles and Positions in geopolitical organizations

Driven by the global movement for gender equality, women's participation in various fields has gradually increased. This paper describes the evolution of women's roles and status in geopolitical organizations and their current status, and analyzes women's participation in geopolitical organizations, their proportion and positions in leadership, and their influence in policy making. Although the status of women in these organizations has improved, they still face many challenges such as gender stereotypes and inequality. Strategies for promoting the development of women's roles and status in geopolitical organizations include four aspects: formulating and implementing gender equality policies, promoting gender-balanced recruitment and promotion mechanisms, enhancing women's participation in decision-making processes, and establishing women's networks and support systems. These strategies are intended to further promote gender equality in geopolitical organizations and enhance organizational diversity and decision-making quality.

Present Status of Inclusive Moral Education in India

A vital component of India's educational system, inclusive moral education reflects the nation's broad religious, cultural, and socioeconomic heterogeneity. To advance a thorough and unbiased moral viewpoint, it integrates teachings from several theological and philosophical traditions, including the religion of Buddhism, the Sikhism Christianity, Islam, the Hindu faith, and secular humanism. This method entails a curriculum that presents moral parables, moral dilemmas, and historical accounts that highlight the moral achievements of many cultures. Instructors are essential in helping pupils navigate morally challenging circumstances and encouraging courteous discourse. In order to create an inclusive atmosphere, professional development programs may assist instructors in addressing touchy themes including race, ethnicity, faith, and socioeconomic status. Programs that include the community and community service can assist students in putting moral principles into practice and in understanding how their actions influence other people. For comprehensive moral education to be provided, systemic prejudices and injustices must be addressed. This entails promoting gender equality, combating caste-based discrimination, and fostering an inclusive environment for marginalized communities. Utilizing technology and digital media, inclusive moral education may be promoted while offering students personalized, interactive learning opportunities. With initiatives and regulations that support tolerance, compassion, and critical thinking, the Indian government and institutions of learning are essential to the advancement of inclusive moral education. The goal of inclusive moral education is to produce socially conscious and ethically aware people who can make valuable contributions to India's heterogeneous society.

Climate change, livelihood resilience, and gender: An intersectional analysis of Vietnam's forest-dependent communities

Integrating gender-disaggregated data and adopting a gender-focused perspective are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of climate change issues. This study provides empirical evidence from two ethnic minorities in Vietnam, highlighting how perceptions of livelihood resilience vary by gender, geographical context, and ethnicity, with a particular emphasis on their intersections. Over 13 months, data were gathered through 3 focus group discussions, in-depth interviews with 9 key informants, field observations, and surveys of 136 households. The findings revealed a low average Household Livelihood Resilience (HLR) score of 0.434, indicating limited resilience among forest-dependent households facing external shocks. Notably, a significant gender gap was evident, with men demonstrating higher resilience levels than women, a disparity attributed to entrenched social norms and cultural practices. Women, often confined to domestic roles, faced barriers to community involvement and access to financial resources, which weakened their ability to cope with and recover from adverse events. To address these issues, the study advocates for climate actions that prioritize gender equality and aim to enhance women's resilience. This includes amplifying their voices through tailored training programs and initiatives such as women-managed microfinance groups. The study also emphasizes the policy implications for advancing gender equality, sustainable forest management, and livelihood resilience. However, this work has limitations, including a small sample size and reliance on self-reported data, which may introduce biases. Future research should involve a larger, more diverse sample of forest-dependent communities and examine various dimensions of vulnerability to provide a more nuanced understanding of resilience factors.

“It became a cycle I was not able to break” towards menstrual justice: addressing human rights violation at Indian workplaces

Purpose This paper aims to advance the concept of “menstrual justice” by building on the comprehensive framework developed by Margaret E. Johnson (2019), which integrates legal rights, social justice and intersectional analysis. By applying Johnson’s insights and human rights frameworks to menstrual health management, the study advocates for state interventions to safeguard women labourers from exploitative practices that endanger their reproductive health and to uphold their menstrual rights. Design/methodology/approach A case study methodology is used to scrutinize menstrual injustices experienced by women labourers in precarious employment conditions. Specifically, it examines two cases, the mass hysterectomies in Beed, Maharashtra and the administration of unidentified pharmaceuticals to women in Tamil Nadu factories to mitigate menstrual pain and maximize productivity. Findings The findings reveal severe violations pertaining to menstrual justice, with practices deeply rooted in socioeconomic deprivation and systemic neglect. These issues subject female workers to various forms of gender-based violence that goes beyond physical abuse, raising critical concerns about menstrual justice and human rights violations. Research limitations/implications The study’s findings have limited generalizability due to the specific contexts of the case study. Furthermore, the absence of insights from managers/supervisors, and factory owners limits a comprehensive understanding of the policies and factors leading to neglect of menstrual management practices. Practical implications The findings of the study will prompt the medical industry to initiate research into medications that can effectively alleviate period pain while minimizing harmful side effects. Current treatments often come with significant drawbacks, highlighting the need for safer and more effective alternatives. Addressing this research gap is vital for achieving menstrual equity, as it ensures that individuals suffering from menstrual pain have access to relief that does not jeopardize their overall health. Advancing research in this area will not only enhance the quality of life for menstruators but also contribute to a more equitable and inclusive approach to menstrual health care. Social implications The findings support reframing menstrual friendly labour policies including comprehensive sexual and reproductive health information to everyone, regardless of gender, to reduce misinformation and stigma associated with menstruation at workplaces. Additionally, the study proposes the introduction of reusable menstrual products like menstrual cups to overcome period poverty. Thus, ensuring access to these resources is crucial for enabling informed decision-making, promoting gender equality, addressing health disparities and fostering the development of menstrual-friendly workplace policies. Originality/value This study, by using a case study-based approach, has thoroughly examined the issues and challenges faced by female labourers in fields and factories. It uniquely identifies the inadequacies in menstrual management provisions for female workers in India and advocates for a human rights-based approach to ensure that menstruators can manage their menstrual health safely. Unlike most existing studies, which primarily focus on product usage and the stigma or myths surrounding menstruation, this study advances menstrual justice by calling for labour policy reforms and medical research to lessen menstrual pain without compromising menstruators’ health. These reforms aim to provide working women with adequate rest and necessary provisions during menstruation. Addressing these gaps is essential and has been largely overlooked in global health policies.

Exploring Gender and Homicide: Insights from Turkish Media Professionals of Generations X, Y, and Z

This study examines how media professionals interpret homicides committed in Turkey and depict murder suspects. The article aims to analyse how journalists from different generations respond to, negotiate and resist the editorial ideology that frames gender-based violence from an anti-feminist perspective. The study includes in-depth interviews with nine media professionals from X, Y, and Z generations and forms conclusions about the helplessness of women, the necessity of murder, involving the female suspect. The study reveals that media professionals reproduce gender roles by employing masculine language, and their commitment to “so-called” objective journalism restricts the critical examination and analysis of facts from a feminist perspective. The study demonstrates that journalists, whether consciously or unconsciously, contribute to the dissemination of manipulated messages by reproducing them without conducting thorough analysis. The perspectives of Gen X, Y, and Z Turkish media professionals on gender and murder provide valuable insights into evolving societal attitudes and media representation. It is crucial for journalists and media professionals to critically analyse their biases and strive for fair, inclusive, and responsible reporting that promotes gender equality and challenges harmful stereotypes.

Perspectives and challenges for the development of leadership in Latin American women

Throughout history, women have faced diverse Challenges and played multiple roles in society. Today, the pursuit of equality in all economic sectors continues, with Women striving to establish themselves as leaders in areas such as the productive sector, politics, and science. This transition has been characterized by constant changes and persistent challenges. This article explores the development of leadership and emotional intelligence in Latin American women, analyzing various perspectives and associated challenges. It addresses the barriers they face in developing leadership skills, as well as the need to improve their emotional intelligence to seize opportunities, develop and execute strategies, and overcome these barriers and challenges. Leadership among Latin American women is a complex and multifaceted topic that requires recognition of the influence of cultural, social, and geopolitical factors that are constantly changing globally. These factors impact women’s leadership in the region, perpetuating structural and systemic barriers such as gender discrimination, lack of access to educational resources, limitations in professional development, and socioeconomic factors such as poverty and inequality. These conditions have hindered the full development of women in the public and professional spheres. To promote female leadership, programs and policies are needed that promote gender equality through organizational and governmental practices that empower women and encourage their participation in leadership roles and decision-making.

Gender Discrimination in the Rental Housing Market: Conceptual Ideas and Empirical Evidence from Lagos, Nigeria

This study examines the complex issues surrounding gender discrimination in the rental housing market in Lagos, Nigeria. It investigates the reasons for gender preferences alongside the immediate reactions and responses of female tenants who experienced rental housing discrimination, which frequently manifests as higher rent demands, unfavourable lease terms and outright denial of housing, among others. The mixed methods study used instruments that were tested for reliability and validity, with copies of the questionnaire being served to real-estate practitioners and interviews conducted with female tenants to develop evidence-based policy recommendations for addressing gender discrimination and promoting equitable access to rental housing in Lagos State. Thus, the study makes an important contribution to the discourse of gender discrimination. Given the cultural roots of such discrimination, the study suggests the need for an awareness campaign targeting diverse actors within the housing market. The study noted that the Nigerian government has enacted laws to protect women's rights in housing, implementation remains a challenge. Therefore, promoting gender equality in housing requires the concerted efforts of government and the collective resistance of civil-society organisations and the private sector.

Navigating the Glass Ceiling: Women's Career Challenges in Nepal's Banking Sector

Background: Glass ceiling factors, such as organizational, social, and psychological barriers, continue to hinder women's career advancement, particularly in managerial roles. Despite increasing efforts to promote gender equality in the workplace, these factors still limit opportunities for women’s development, especially in traditionally male-dominated industries like banking in Nepal. This study investigates how these factors influence women’s perceptions of career development and whether they significantly impact their progress. Methods: The research employed a quantitative approach using a structured questionnaire distributed to 51 respondents in the banking sector. The survey measured perceptions of organizational, social, and psychological factors impacting women’s career development. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the impact of these factors on personal factors related to career growth. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were also performed. Results: The findings indicate that social factors significantly influence personal factors (B = 0.257, p = 0.035), suggesting that social barriers are key determinants of women's career development. Organizational and psychological factors, while positively related to personal factors, did not show statistically significant effects (OFFF: B = 0.159, p = 0.164; PSFFF: B = 0.144, p = 0.275). The model explained 29.5% of the variance in personal factors, highlighting that additional unexamined factors may influence women’s career perceptions. Conclusion: Social factors have a significant impact on women's perceptions of career barriers, underscoring the need to address societal norms and biases that prevent women from advancing. Organizational and psychological factors, although relevant, were not statistically significant in this context. The study contributes to understanding the dynamics of the glass ceiling, particularly within Nepal’s banking sector, and provides insights for policy and organizational change. Novelty: This study offers a unique perspective on the glass ceiling in the Nepalese banking sector, providing empirical evidence of how social factors predominantly influence women's career progression. The findings suggest targeted interventions to address these barriers and promote more equitable career advancement opportunities for women in managerial roles.

Sustainable education index and copper trade interconnections

The trend in copper trade raises significant concerns regarding global mineral resource sustainability. This study investigates how sustainable education impacts copper trade in China, analyzing data from 1990 to 2021. Findings reveal that a 1% increase in the Sustainable Development Index leads to a reduction in copper trade: exports decrease by 0.14%–0.27% and imports by 0.35%–0.57%, highlighting the negative influence of sustainable education on trade. GDP growth positively affects copper trade, while the official exchange rate impacts exports and imports differently due to currency fluctuations. Urbanization boosts both exports and imports, driven by infrastructure expansion. Additionally, loans to the private sector specifically enhance copper imports. To foster sustainable copper trade, China should invest in sustainable education, promote gender equality in education, encourage green economic growth, implement an effective carbon tax, and provide green loans for the copper sector.

Feminist Empowerment Through Labor Organizing: In-Depth Interviews With Female Labor Union Organizers at American Newspapers

In recent years, U.S. journalists have formed labor unions to address job insecurity, benefit cuts, and wage issues. Unions have played a critical role in advancing gender equality in the newsroom. Through in-depth interviews with women involved in union organizing at American newspapers, this study shows how feminist empowerment and gender dynamics manifested through organizing activities. The findings indicate union organizing empowers women by giving them opportunities to assume leadership roles, address systemic oppression, and shape the future of journalism.

Depoliticized and decontextualized equality promotion in the gender equality planning of Finnish comprehensive schools

ABSTRACT This study critically examines gender equality planning (GEP), which has been obligatory in all Finnish comprehensive schools since 2015. GEP has been welcomed as a promising method of systemizing perspectives on gender in Finnish basic education. A regionally representative, discretional sample of gender equality plans (N = 140) was analysed using a critical discourse approach to examine how these plans discursively bent, stretched, fixed or shrank the meaning of gender equality along with the consequences of these approaches for equality promotion. The analysis shows that the GE plans constantly bent and stretched equality to separate it from gender and fixed it to free-floating gender equality measures, which left gendered power relations undisturbed. Consequently, equality promotion was represented as depoliticized. However, through the shrinking, the contextual construction of gendered power relations was recognized, and GEP exhibited the potential to politicize gender equality. In this paper, we argue that GEP has potential in gender equality promotion if the planning processes recognize contextual construction of gendered power relations and if equality promotion is not reduced to technical measures. Otherwise, the tool might actually impede equality rather than promoting it.

Women in mountain tourism: exploring the links between women tourism entrepreneurship and women empowerment in Hunza Valley

ABSTRACT Tourism entrepreneurship is crucial to boosting household income and fostering gender equality in Pakistan. However, the involvement of women in mountain tourism entrepreneurship remains rather limited. This study examines the experiences of women entrepreneurs in the Hunza Valley of Pakistan, highlighting their transformative journey into the tourism market despite facing various obstacles. Through qualitative research involving 24 women-led tourism enterprises, the study illuminates the positive outcomes these women have achieved, including greater control over finances, enhanced decision-making power, boosted self-confidence, expanded networks, and overall societal empowerment. The study also identifies internal and external constraints faced by these entrepreneurs, emphasising the need for immediate policy interventions to support women's entrepreneurship in the region. Recognising the catalytic role these women play in promoting gender equality and social innovation, the study advocates for greater recognition and appreciation of their contributions to inspire other women in the region. Based on the study's findings, a framework for women's tourism entrepreneurship is proposed, emphasising the potential of such initiatives to empower women, drive social change, and foster gender equality in remote mountain regions.

Sexual Violence and Girl Child Completion of Primary Education; A Case Study of Mitooma Sub County, Mitooma District.

The study focused on determining the relationship between sexual violence and girl child completion of primary education. Specifically, to find out how girl child sexual assault affects the completion of primary Education; to find out how girl child sexual harassment affects the completion of primary education ; to find out how effectiveness of statutory instruments in place towards sexual violence against girl child affects completion of primary Education and to find possible measures of controlling sexual harassment against girl child in primary schools in Mitooma Sub County. The study adopted cross-sectional research design with the sample size of 160 respondents, participants were selected using simple random and purposive sampling. Data was collected using questionnaire survey, interview method and focused group discussion. It was analysed using descriptive and pearson correlation coefficient. The study found out that sexual assault had a positive significant contribution to girl child completion of primary education. The study also revealed that that effect of sexual violence had a negative significant contribution to girl child completion of primary education. The study showed that effectiveness of statutory instruments had a positive significant contribution to girl child completion of primary education. The study found out that school has provided learners with basic information on how to avoid situations leading to sexual violence; sign posts have been hung in the school compound bearing messages against sexual violence; the school provides a protective environment and free from risks of sexual violence. The study recommends that government should promote gender equality and respect through incorporating gender equality and respectful relationships into school curricula. Teach children about consent, boundaries, and mutual respect from a young age. Government though police and court should ensure Immediate and Comprehensive Support for Victims by providing immediate and ongoing psychological support to help victims cope with trauma and regain confidence in their ability to learn and participate in school; Ensuring that victims have access to medical care to address any physical health issues resulting from the violence and to offer preventive and supportive care; Maintaining strict confidentiality to protect the privacy of victims and reduce the risk of stigma or further trauma. Government should periodically review and update laws and policies to address emerging trends and challenges related to sexual violence; ensure that statutory instruments cover all aspects of sexual violence, including prevention, protection, and prosecution, and address the specific needs of children. The study also recommends that there should be parent and caregiver workshops to offer workshops for parents and caregivers on recognizing signs of abuse, discussing safety with children, and understanding their role in prevention.

Transforming rural women’s lives in India: the impact of microfinance and entrepreneurship on empowerment in Self-Help Groups

The study investigates how microfinance interventions and the entrepreneurial engagement of Self-Help Group (SHGs) members impact women’s social and economic empowerment in rural communities. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis and qualitative insights gathered through surveys, interviews, and case studies. The study’s findings demonstrated a notably positive and moderately significant impact of microfinance and entrepreneurial engagement on the social, economic, and psychological dimensions of women’s empowerment. Furthermore, the inclusion of case studies provided evidence that microfinance activities and entrepreneurship involvement have substantially empowered women across various domains, such as increasing financial independence, enhancing participation in decision-making processes, fostering social networks and support, and boosting their overall self-confidence and well-being. These insights emphasise the transformative potential of microfinance initiatives in advancing gender equality and women’s empowerment in diverse socio-economic contexts.

Toward a Gender Equality at Work via Activism The Role of Transparent Internal Communication

Grounded in the Social Identity Model of Collective Actions (SIMCA), this study examines the role of strategic internal communication—specifically, transparent communication—in fostering gender equality at work via women’s workplace activism: collective actions and communicative behaviors. Results from an online survey of 402 female employees in South Korea suggest that transparent communication plays an important role in increasing women’s identification with their organizations, thereby fostering their efficacy and reducing perceived injustice. This, in turn, increased their active communicative behaviors and collective actions for promoting gender equality in the workplace. Theoretical implications for strategic internal Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) communication are discussed along with avenues for future research.