In Brief Background Common peroneal neuropathy occurs fairly frequently in the adult population; however, very few cases of peroneal neuropathy after prolonged squatting have been reported. Case A 29-year-old woman noted right foot numbness and weakness immediately after childbirth, which involved 15-30 minutes of pushing in a squatting position. Physical examination and an electrodiagnostic study confirmed a common peroneal neuropathy. The patient was referred for rehabilitation, including bracing and gait training, which improved substantially her mobility and function. Conclusion Prolonged squatting should be minimized or avoided. A high index of suspicion for peroneal neuropathy after prolonged squatting must be present. Early diagnosis and treatment may limit the number of complications in these patients, particularly falls. Common peroneal neuropathy can be caused by prolonged squatting during childbirth.