Prolonged First Stage Of Labor Research Articles

Association of stress during delivery with increased numbers of nucleated cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood

Objective: Umbilical cord blood can be used as a source of bone marrow repopulating cells for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Large variations in the frequencies of white blood cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells have been found for umbilical cord blood. These variations may be due in part to specific circumstances during labor and delivery. Study Design: In this study we analyzed the relationship between stress factors occurring during parturition and the frequencies of nucleated cells, leukocyte subsets, CD34+ cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells, as determined in semisolid medium cultures of umbilical cord blood. Results: We observed that a prolonged first stage of labor resulted in increases in the numbers of nucleated cells, granulocytes, CD34+ cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood. Evaluation of parameters that indicate stress of the infant during delivery demonstrated higher numbers of nucleated cells, granulocytes, CD34+ cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood from children with lower venous pH. Conclusion: Longer duration stress during delivery increased the numbers of nucleated cells, granulocytes, CD34+ cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells, possibly by causing mobilization of various cell populations by endogenous cytokines. As long as umbilical cord blood harvesting does not interfere with the delivery, umbilical cord blood collected after stressful deliveries may provide optimal units for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183:1144-51.)

Effect of magnesium prophylaxis and preeclampsia on the duration of labor

Objective: Our goals were to compare duration of labor at term for (1) women with preeclampsia versus normotensive nulliparous women and (2) nulliparous women with preeclampsia who received magnesium for seizure prophylaxis versus those who did not. Study Design: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all nulliparous, term vaginal deliveries from 1989 through 1995 at University of California, San Francisco. The perinatal database and medical records were reviewed for information on duration of labor, maternal and labor characteristics, and neonatal outcomes. The χ 2 odds ratio, and Student t tests were used to compare categoric and continuous variables between women with preeclampsia and control women and between women with preeclampsia who did and those who did not receive magnesium. Logistic regression was used to evaluate variables predictive of labor duration. Results: Our study subjects were 4083 normotensive nulliparous women and 154 women with preeclampsia. A sample size calculation revealed that 1764 normotensive control subjects were needed to show a 10% difference in labor duration with 80% power and alpha of 0.05. Among women with preeclampsia, 93 (60%) were treated with magnesium and 61 (40%) were not. More women with preeclampsia than normotensive women had induction of labor and received epidural anesthesia, prostaglandin gel, and oxytocin ( P < .003). Total labor duration did not differ between women with preeclampsia and normotensive women ( P = .15) or between women with preeclampsia who received magnesium and those who did not ( P = .09). In comparison with normotensive women, those with preeclampsia had a higher rate of postpartum hemorrhage (31% vs 22%, P = .005), and the rate was even higher among preeclamptic women treated with magnesium versus those who received no magnesium (34% vs 26%, P = .002). Logistic regression, with prolonged first stage of labor (>12 hours) used as the outcome variable, indicated that epidural anesthesia (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval 1.9-2.6), oxytocin (odds ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.6-2.2), and persistent occipitoposterior presentation (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1-2.4) were associated with prolonged labor, whereas preeclampsia (odds ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval 0.7-1.1) and treatment with magnesium were not (odds ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 0.9-1.4). Induction (odds ratio 0.5, 95% confidence interval 0.4-0.6) and birth weight <2500 g (odds ratio 0.5, 95% confidence interval 0.4-0.8) were associated with faster labor. Conclusions: In term nulliparous women, neither preeclampsia nor magnesium prophylaxis affected labor duration. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;180:1475-9.)

The relationship between psychological variables and specific complications of pregnancy, labor, and delivery

Questionnaire data pertaining to psychological and health variables were obtained from private obstetrical patients. Groups of women with specific perinatal complications were compared with a no-complication control group on five psychological variables after variance due to the three health variables was partialled out statistically. Differences between the groups were obtained for seven of the fifteen complications: Uterine Intertia, Prolonged First Stage of Labor, Prolonged Second State of Labor, Rotation of the Infant's Head, Indicated Low Forceps, Infant Apgar Scale under 5, Infant Apgar Score 5–7.

Prolonged first stage of labour.

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & GynaecologyVolume 63, Issue 1 p. 83-86 PROLONGED FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR John Sturrock M.B., F.R.C.S.(Ed.), F.R.C.O.G., John Sturrock M.B., F.R.C.S.(Ed.), F.R.C.O.G. Consultant Obstetrician and GynaecologistSearch for more papers by this authorRobert Brown M.B., M.R.C.O.G., Robert Brown M.B., M.R.C.O.G. Senior Registrar in Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Royal Infirmary and Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion, EdinburghSearch for more papers by this author John Sturrock M.B., F.R.C.S.(Ed.), F.R.C.O.G., John Sturrock M.B., F.R.C.S.(Ed.), F.R.C.O.G. Consultant Obstetrician and GynaecologistSearch for more papers by this authorRobert Brown M.B., M.R.C.O.G., Robert Brown M.B., M.R.C.O.G. Senior Registrar in Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Royal Infirmary and Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion, EdinburghSearch for more papers by this author First published: February 1956 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1956.tb05437.xCitations: 9AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume63, Issue1February 1956Pages 83-86 RelatedInformation

Pituitary extract for dystocia due to uterine inertia in the first stage of labor

Although large injections of posterior pituitary extract are admittedly dangerous when given in labor, this does not mean that small doses cannot be given with reasonable safety and advantage in prolonged first stage of labor due to poor labor pains. In 62 such cases (definitely in labor at term and with normal children) there was efficient and lasting stimulation of pains in 42. Five patients given pituitary extract plus artificial rupture of the membranes had good stimulation. Some patients were given two or more courses of repeated doses, good results for the individual courses being about 50 per cent. This percentage was approximately the same for primiparas and multiparas and also for different degrees of cervical dilatation, except for 6 cm. or more dilatation in multiparas where there was good effect in all 5 instances. In this series of 62 very difficult cases, intervention before full dilatation of the cervix was required in only 3, these being among those with only slight or temporary stimulation. That the method is not entirely free of danger is shown by the fact that there was one case of tetanic contraction of the uterus after a 2 minim injection without detectable injury to mother or child. Because of this experience and for other reasons, we recommend that the initial dose be no larger than 1 minim. One maternal death followed difficult operative delivery after full dilatation of the cervix and was not ascribable to use of pituitary extract in the first stage. The child in this case was subjected to craniotomy. Three other babies died in utero, but with evidence pointing to difficult labor rather than use of pituitary extract as the cause. There were no neonatal deaths or diagnosable birth injuries in the 58 babies born alive.

Prolonged First Stage of Labour

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & GynaecologyVolume 40, Issue 2 p. 240-250 Prolonged First Stage of Labour R. Christie Brown M.S., M.B. (Dur.), F.R.C.S. (Eng.), M.C.O.G., R. Christie Brown M.S., M.B. (Dur.), F.R.C.S. (Eng.), M.C.O.G. Obstetric Surgeon to the City of London Maternity Hospital; Hon. Surgeon to Out-patients at the Samaritan Hospital for Women; Assistant Obstetric Surgeon at the Jewish Maternity Hospital.Search for more papers by this author R. Christie Brown M.S., M.B. (Dur.), F.R.C.S. (Eng.), M.C.O.G., R. Christie Brown M.S., M.B. (Dur.), F.R.C.S. (Eng.), M.C.O.G. Obstetric Surgeon to the City of London Maternity Hospital; Hon. Surgeon to Out-patients at the Samaritan Hospital for Women; Assistant Obstetric Surgeon at the Jewish Maternity Hospital.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1933 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1933.tb05297.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume40, Issue2April 1933Pages 240-250 RelatedInformation

VI. Low Implantation of Placenta with Tough Membranes, Causing Prolonged First Stage of Labour in Primiparae.

VI. Low Implantation of Placenta with Tough Membranes, Causing Prolonged First Stage of Labour in Primiparae.