Proliferation Of Tissue Research Articles

Effectiveness of gua sha with Masanggoubang oil in rats with chronic soft tissue injury.

Chronic soft tissue injury is characterized by sterile inflammation and pain. Gua sha with Masanggoubang oil (GSMO) treatment has been found to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. To explore the mechanism of GSMO in chronic soft tissue injuries. Fifty male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10): 1) control group; 2) chronic soft tissue injury model group; 3) GSMO group; 4) inunction with Masanggoubang oil (IMO) group; and 5) ua sha with tea oil (GSTO) group. The control group and model group received no treatment, while the GSTO group and GSMO group received gua sha therapy with tea oil or Masanggoubang oil on the injured sites. The rats in the IMO group were treated with Masanggoubang oil inunction on the injured sites once every other day, 4 times in total. All animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last treatment. Muscle tissue sections from the injured sites of the rats were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining to observe pathological changes. The protein levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and β-endorphin (β-EP) in the rats' skin, serum, and muscle were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gua sha with Masanggoubang oil treatment alleviated necrosis and the denaturation of muscle fibers at the injured sites, reduced connective tissue proliferation and scar tissue generation, downregulated the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and iNOS in the skin and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS in the muscle and serum, and upregulated β-EP levels in the muscle. Gua sha with Masanggoubang oil treatment significantly improved the inflammatory response in rats with chronic soft tissue injury, which may be associated with a reduction of M1 macrophage polarization in the peripheral blood and local tissues. Additionally, the combination of gua sha therapy and Masanggoubang oil may have a synergistic effect in treating chronic soft tissue injuries.

Investigation on Bowel Regulation and Constipation Relief Based on the Microbial Fermentation Solution of Cassia Seed.

As digestive health issues rise and interest in natural therapies grows, traditional herbs like Cassia Seed are gaining attention for their antioxidant, laxative, and digestive benefits. This study aimed to optimize the fermentation conditions of Cassia seed using microbial technology to enhance the content of anthraquinone compounds, thereby augmenting its pharmacological effects, particularly in promoting intestinal peristalsis and alleviating constipation. Fermentation of Cassia Seed was conducted under controlled microbial conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze the anthraquinone profile of the fermented solution. Mouse model was utilized to evaluate biochemical markers and intestinal functions, while in the zebrafish constipation model, calcein was utilized as a marker to monitor intestinal function and excretion dynamics. Cassia Seed was fermented under controlled microbial conditions. HPLC was employed to analyze the anthraquinone profile of the fermented solution. Mouse models were utilized to evaluate biochemical markers and intestinal functions, while a zebrafish constipation model used calcein as a marker to monitor intestinal function and excretion dynamics. The optimized fermentation significantly increased the content of anthraquinone compounds, including substances like emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, and physcion, as confirmed by HPLC analysis. In a mouse constipation model, the fermented solution reduced nitric oxide (NO) levels while increasing acetylcholine (Ach) and gastrin (Gas) levels, thereby promoting intestinal peristalsis and accelerating bowel movements. Additionally, the fermented solution facilitated repair of the colonic mucosa in mice without significant pathological damage such as degeneration or fibrous tissue proliferation. In the zebrafish model, the fermented Cassia Seed solution reduced calcein fluorescence intensity, indicating enhanced intestinal peristalsis and accelerated bowel movements, thereby decreasing calcein retention time in the body. This study investigated the potential clinical applications of fermented Cassia seed ferment in digestive health, providing a theoretical basis and inspiration for further research and development. Additionally, it offers new insights and possibilities for the development of novel natural medicines or functional foods aimed at improving constipation and promoting intestinal health.

Assessment of the transscleral removal technique for subretinal proliferative tissues during vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

To provide insights into the transscleral removal technique for subretinal proliferative tissues (SRP). Retrospective, single-center case series. Patients who underwent transscleral removal of SRP during vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) were included. The preoperative RRD extent, SRP distribution, intraoperative maneuvers, complications, and surgical outcomes were assessed. Seven eyes of seven patients were enrolled for surgery. The RRD extent involved four quadrants in two eyes, three quadrants in three eyes, and two quadrants in the remaining two eyes. SRP were widely distributed beneath the detached retina in all the cases, with submacular SRP present in six cases. In these six cases, all the SRP, including the submacular SRP, could be removed without creating retinotomies via 1 or 2 subretinal trocars. However, peripheral SRP with extensive and strong adhesion to the retina required multiple retinotomies and conventional bimanual removal in one case. Surgical failure, attributable to the transscleral technique, occurred in one case due to a missed retinal puncture that occurred during subretinal trocar insertion, resulting in recurrent RRD. This patient had RRD within two quadrants, and the subretinal space could not be adequately dilated before insertion. All the patients had achieved retinal reattachment without deterioration of visual acuity at the final follow-up visit. The transscleral removal technique was suitable for the removal of SRP, including the posterior pole area, with minimal retinal damage. However, this technique may not be appropriate for SRP removal with extensive and strong adhesions or for cases with relatively nonextensive RRD.

Identification of Novel Progesterone Receptor (PR) Inhibitors (Homo sapiens) from Metabolites of Biotransformation Fungal: A Bioinformatics Approach

Background/Objectives: Steroids have demonstrated selective cytotoxic properties against tumor cells. The pro-gesterone receptor (PR) plays a vital role in the proliferation, cell differentiation, and maintenance of female reproductive tissue, and its malfunction can lead to breast cancer. The use of the biocatalytic method by filamentous fungi has sparked interest in the obtained of steroids due to the advantages of the process. Methods: Pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties (rat and mouse), molecular docking simulation studies, and prediction of the spectrum of biological activity were performed to select molecules with the potential for PR inhibition, from 155 biotransformed products of the progesterone. Subsequently, the chemical structures were subjected to an evaluation of their pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties and, with the application of ADMET filters. Results: Androstenedione, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and dihydrotestosterone, obtained by the process of biotransformation of PR by different filamentous fungi, showed good pharmacokinetic profiles and low toxicity compared to the control groups. The in-silico data associated with molecular docking studies revealed the best binding affinity and similarity in the interactions of these molecules against the human progesterone receptor target. Thus, the results of biological activity spectrum prediction highlight the great potential to investigate the role of molecular descriptors in the attribution of anti-cancer activities. Conclusions: The biocatalytic process, by filamentous fungi, can provide important molecules as a product of progesterone biotransformation, such as androstenedione, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and dihydrotestosterone. In this study we showed that these molecules have good pharmacokinetic profiles and low toxicity for antineoplastic activity (breast cancer).

Downregulated TFPI2 accelerates skin aging by repressing cell cycle via PI3K/Akt/CDC6 pathway.

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) is known to regulate the proliferation of various cell types and tumor tissues; however, its role in the process of skin aging has not been elucidated. In this study, we identify TFPI2 as a potential antagonist of aging. Our findings indicate that TFPI2 expression is downregulated in aging skin tissues and senescent human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), and that the depletion of TFPI2 accelerates the senescence of HDFs and the aging of skin. Mechanistically, RNA-seq analysis identifies that cell division cycle 6 (CDC6), a protein associated with the cell cycle, acts as a downstream target of TFPI2. Further liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis confirmed that TFPI2 interacts with p85β to activate the PI3K/Akt pathway. Subsequent experiments revealed that the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway alleviates mitigates senescence in HDFs by promoting CDC6 expression and facilitating cell cycle progression. Collectively, these findings underscore the crucial role of the TFPI2/PI3K/Akt/CDC6 pathway in the process of skin aging, highlighting its potential in the development of anti-aging interventions.

Bilateral laryngeal paralysis following single‐staged, bilateral total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in a cocker spaniel

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old, spayed, female cocker spaniel was presented for surgical treatment of otitis externa and media/interna that was unresponsive to medical management. Preoperative computed tomography imaging revealed bilateral otitis externa and media/interna. Extensive soft tissue proliferation and mineralisation of the ear canals were present. Both tympanic bullae had lysis and proliferative bony changes. The dog underwent single‐staged, bilateral total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomies. Following recovery from anaesthesia, inspiratory respiratory distress developed. Visual examination of the larynx documented bilateral laryngeal paralysis. Palliation with unilateral arytenoid lateralisation was declined and despite 9 days of antimicrobials, anti‐inflammatory medication, oxygen therapy and supportive care, inspiratory respiratory distress persisted. The dog was euthanased due to inability to breathe comfortably without supplemental oxygen. Bilateral laryngeal paralysis was considered secondary to iatrogenic surgical trauma to the vagus nerve.

Research Progress and Clinical Translation Potential of Coronary Atherosclerosis Diagnostic Markers from a Genomic Perspective.

Objective: Coronary atherosclerosis (CAD) is characterized by arterial intima lipid deposition, chronic inflammation, and fibrous tissue proliferation, leading to arterial wall thickening and lumen narrowing. As the primary cause of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome, CAD significantly impacts global health. Recent genetic studies have demonstrated CAD's polygenic and multifactorial nature, providing molecular insights for early diagnosis and risk assessment. This review analyzes recent advances in CAD-related genetic markers and evaluates their diagnostic potential, focusing on their applications in diagnosis and risk stratification within precision medicine. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of CAD genomic studies from PubMed and Web of Science databases, analyzing findings from genome-wide association studies (GWASs), gene sequencing, transcriptomics, and epigenomics research. Results: GWASs and sequencing studies have identified key genetic variations associated with CAD, including JCAD/KIAA1462, GUCY1A3, PCSK9, and SORT1, which regulate inflammation, lipid metabolism, and vascular function. Transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses have revealed disease-specific gene expression patterns, DNA methylation signatures, and regulatory non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs), providing new approaches for early detection. Conclusions: While genetic marker research in CAD has advanced significantly, clinical implementation faces challenges including marker dynamics, a lack of standardization, and integration with conventional diagnostics. Future research should prioritize developing standardized guidelines, conducting large-scale prospective studies, and enhancing multi-omics data integration to advance genomic diagnostics in CAD, ultimately improving patient outcomes through precision medicine.

VEGFA, MYC, and JUN are abnormally elevated in the synovial tissue of patients with advanced osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA), affecting > 500 million people worldwide, profoundly affects the quality of life and ability to work. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway plays an essential role in OA. To address the lack of studies focused on synovial cells in OA, we evaluated the expression patterns and roles of the MAPK signaling pathway components in OA synovial tissues using bioinformatics. The JUN, MYC, and VEGFA expression levels were significantly higher in the synovial tissues of patients with OA than in control tissues. These loci were closely related to abnormal proliferation, inflammation, and angiogenesis in the synovial tissues of patients with OA. We speculate that Myc and VEGFA activate the p38-MAPK signaling pathway to further activate Jun, thereby promoting abnormal inflammation, proliferation, and angiogenesis in OA synovial tissue. The high MYC, JUN, and VEGFA expression was positively correlated with the patients’ K-L score, pain time, and synovial score. Furthermore, the high p38-MAPK and P-p38-MAPK expression confirmed that the abnormal expression and activation of the MAPK signaling pathway occurred in the synovial tissue of patients with OA. Our findings may provide a new direction for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of OA and insights into its pathogenesis.

Relationship Between Pituitary Gland and Stem Cell in the Aspect of Hormone Production and Disease Prevention: A Narrative Review.

In the last two decades, scientists have gained a better understanding of several aspects of pituitary development. The signaling pathways that govern pituitary morphology and development have been identified, and the compensatory relationships among them are now known. This paper aims to emphasize the wide variety of relationships between Pituitary Gland and Stem cells in hormone Production and disease prevention. Based on many case reports and several types of research, a wide variety of relationships between the Pituitary Gland and Stem cells in the aspect of hormone Production and disease prevention are reviewed in this literature. In this paper, we focus on various roles and functions of the pituitary gland, the responsibilities of stem cells as a mode of hormone production, and disease prevention. Within this period, more was discovered concerning the contributions made to the transcription factors within the pituitary development, with factors such as Prop1, Pitx1, and Sox2 being defined as important in the development and action of hormone-secreting cells. They are also required in the appropriate specification of the cell types in the pituitary gland and the persistence of the progenitors. Manipulation of these factors causes developmental defects as well as tumors, thus the necessity of knowing the precise function and interaction of these factors. A closer look at these transcription factors could help expand treatment options for structural defect development or give rise to pituitary adenomas. It has been established that signaling pathways such as Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), Wnt, and Notch play a part in modulating pituitary development. These pathways are involved in regulating important processes such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, and organization of the pituitary gland tissues. Breaching any of these pathways has been correlated with the development of various pituitary-related conditions including adenomas and congenital hypopituitarism. Moving forward, further studies of these pathways and their associations with stem cells could provide a better understanding of disease processes and approaches to manage them. This way, there is a possibility of developing new approaches aimed at treating the cause of the dysfunction of the pituitary gland by modulating its specific signaling activities. Promising directions for the stimulation of hormone synthesis and restoration of normal pituitary function upon its disorders via tissue regrowth could be found in stem cell application. The fact that one can generate functional pituitary cells from iPSCs for instance provides new avenues both for the understanding of pituitary disease mechanisms as well as for personalized medicine. It is possible to utilize these stem cell- derived cells for modeling disease, drug discovery or even transplantation to restore the function of the damaged pituitary gland. In the future, however, the focus ought to be on the effective application of stem cell therapies that have been research during the development of better differentiation processes. The recent understanding of the system that carries the hypothalamic hormones to the pituitary gland, i.e., the hypophyseal portal vasculature, has had its implications too. This factorial consideration emphasizes the role of the vascular component in the control of pituitary activity - the release of hormones by the pituitary gland. Exploring stem cell-hypophyseal portal system interactions may open new avenues of treatment for diseases associated with deficient hormone transportation and/or pituitary dysfunction.

MiRNAs and tempol therapeutic potential in prostate cancer: a preclinical approach.

This study investigated tempol action on genes and miRNAs related to NFκB pathway in androgen dependent or independent cell lines and in TRAMP model in the early and late-stages of cancer progression. A bioinformatic search was conducted to select the miRNAs to be measured based on the genes of interest from NFκB pathway. The miR-let-7c-5p, miR-26a-5p and miR-155-5p and five target genes (BCL2, BCL2L1, RELA, TNF, PTGS2) were chosen for RT-PCR and gene enrichment analyses. In vitro, PC-3 and LNCaP cells were exposed, respectively, to 1.0 or 2.0 mM of tempol during 48h. In vivo, five experimental groups were evaluated regarding tempol effects in the early (CT12 and TPL12 groups) and late-stages (CT20, TPL20-I and TLP20-II) of PCa development. TPL groups were treated with 50mg/kg or 100mg/kg of tempol. The ventral lobe of the prostate and the plasma was collected. Tempol treatment increased miRs expression in PC-3 and LNCaP. For both cell lines, tempol decreased RELA expression. In TRAMP model, tempol increased miRNA expression in prostate for all treated groups. Tempol upregulated the miRNA expressions related to the NFκB pathway in the prostate tissue and human tumor cell lines. Their increase is mainly linked to increased cell death and delayed CaP aggressivenes. Thus, tempol's capacity for miRNA-mediated gene silencing to decrease tissue proliferation and cell survival processes is part of its tissue mechanics.

Identification and validation of five ferroptosis-related molecular signatures in keloids based on multiple transcriptome data analysis.

Keloids are a common skin disorder characterized by excessive fibrous tissue proliferation, which can significantly impact patients' health. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, plays a crucial role in the development of fibrosis; however, its role in the mechanisms of keloid formation remains poorly understood. This study aimed to identify key genes associated with ferroptosis in keloid formation. Data from the NCBI GEO database, including GSE145725, GSE7890, and GSE44270, were analyzed, comprising a total of 24 keloid and 17 normal skin samples. Additionally, single-cell data from GSE181316, which included 8 samples with complete expression profiles, were also evaluated. Differentially expressed genes were identified, and ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from the GeneCards database. LASSO regression was used to select key genes associated with keloids. Validation was performed using qRT-PCR and Western blot (WB) analysis on tissue samples from five keloid and five normal skin biopsies. A total of 471 differentially expressed genes were identified in the GSE145725 dataset, including 225 upregulated and 246 downregulated genes. Five ferroptosis-related genes were selected through gene intersection and LASSO regression. Two of these genes were upregulated, while three were downregulated in keloid tissue. Further analysis through GSEA pathway enrichment, GSVA gene set variation, immune cell infiltration analysis, and single-cell sequencing revealed that these genes were primarily involved in the fibrotic process. The qRT-PCR and WB results confirmed the expression patterns of these genes. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in keloid formation. The identified ferroptosis-related genes could serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for treating keloids.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of evodiamine-indolequinone hybrids as novel NQO1 agonists against non-small cell lung cancer

NQO1 is a FAD containing NAD(P)H-dependent oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reduction of quinones and related substrates, which plays an important role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Based on the indolequinone structure from 5-methoxy-2-methylindole, the indolequinone of NQO1 agonists was first coupled with amino-evodiamine derivatives by esterification reaction, and sixteen new compounds targeting NQO1 were developed. Among them, compounds 11b and 12d (IC50 = 2.72 or 3.66 µM, respectively) were showed better activity by cytotoxicity assay than the reference drug EVO (IC50 = 19.65 µM). Furthermore, the results of flow cytometry analysis showed that compounds 11b and 12d promoted apoptosis in A549 cells, blocked the cell cycle to the G2/M stage and caused a burst of reactive oxygen species. Western blotting experiments revealed that compounds 11b and 12d, after 24 h of treatment in A549 cells, downregulate the expression of Keap1 while upregulating the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1. This suggests that compounds 11b and 12d increase cellular antioxidant capacity by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/NQO1 antioxidant pathway. In vivo anti-tumor experiments showed that the reference drugs EVO (TGI = 15.94 %) and 5-Fu (TGI = 27.54 %) inhibited the proliferation of tumor tissue, while compound 11b could better inhibit the proliferation of tumor tissue (TGI = 39.13 %). In conclusion, our research results suggest that compounds 11b and 12d are potent agonism of the NQO1 signaling pathway and provide a potential opportunity to improve the treatment of NSCLC.

Topical application of the ethanol extract and the hydroethanolic fraction of ripe Solanum lycocarpum A. St. Hil. fruit improves the healing of excisional wounds.

To evaluate the effect of the topical application of the ethanol extract (EESL) and the hydroethanolic fraction (HFSL) of ripe Solanum lycocarpum fruit on the healing of experimentally-induced wounds in mice. The EESL and HFSL obtained from ripe fruit of the species S. lycocarpum were obtained by percolation with ethanol. They were tested in the healing of excisional wounds in mice, which were induced in anesthetized animals using a 7-mm dermatological punch. They were divided according to the treatment period and group, n = 6, and received topical application of the EESL or HFSL daily or saline solution for one, five, seven, or 21 days. At the end of this period, the animals were euthanized, and the lesions were subjected to histopathological processing and analysis to evaluate macroscopic area of the wound and microscopic analysis by morphometry of the number of leukocytes, mast cells, fibroblasts, re-epithelialization, and matrix deposition. The application of the EESL and HFSL reduced the number of leukocytes after one, five, and seven days of treatment. EESL improved re-epithelialization and tissue proliferation in wound healing from day 7. The study demonstrated that daily administration of EESL and HFSL exhibit wound healing activity, with this effect being more pronounced by EESL. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the anti-inflammatory and healing activity of this species through topical application.

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia in a monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy complicated with hydrops fetalis-with a review of literature.

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) is a rare placental pathology that sonographically mimics gestational trophoblastic diseases. However, mesenchymal dysplasia can be distinguished from other conditions by the presence of villous edema and the absence of trophoblastic proliferation in the placental tissue. This pathology has been demonstrated to be associated with fetal growth restriction, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, some chromosomal abnormalities and intrauterine fetal demise. A review of the literature revealed approximately 200 articles on PMD. Nevertheless, eight articles on PMD in twin pregnancies were identified, encompassing a total of nine cases. This is the tenth case of PMD in a twin pregnancy and the fourth case of monochorionic twins in the literature. The patient was a 28-year-old primigravid woman. A portion of the placenta exhibited sonographic features consistent with PMD. Both fetuses developed hydrops fetalis at 16weeks of gestation. The fetal karyotype demonstrated no abnormalities, and no additional major congenital anomalies were identified. Following pregnancy termination, a pathological examination confirmed PMD in the placental portion of one of the fetuses. This study aims to contribute to the existing literature on this condition, which can be challenging to diagnose and manage, particularly in twin pregnancies.

Iron-based driven chitosan quaternary ammonium salt self-gelling powder: Sealing uncontrollable bleeding and promoting wound healing.

Uncontrollable bleeding poses a significant risk of death and cost in wars, vehicle accidents, and first aid. Hence, in order to seal uncontrollable bleeding and promote wound healing, the Fe3+-driven chitosan quaternary ammonium salt self-gelling powder (QPF) was prepared using 5%QCS/AA/Fe3+ with the 52.72%±0.30% yield. As demonstrated by the results, the QPF had a high liquid absorption rate, mechanical properties, reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity, and bacteriostatic ability. Furthermore, QPF has excellent self-healing characteristics and underwater adherence, making it appropriate for a wide range of wound types. Importantly, this property is influenced by variations in Fe3+ concentration. In the in vitro coagulation experiment, QPF can rapidly capture blood cells, resulting in coagulation within 30s. After applying the QPF to different bleeding models, it immediately formed the self-gel (<2s) that adheres securely to the hemorrhage site. Subsequently, the bleeding site could be promptly closed within 30s, and no blood leaking occurred within 10min. Compared to CS, QPF (200mg) improves wound healing by closing the wound gap, activating M2-type macrophage polarization, increasing neovascularization, and hastening granulation tissue proliferation (1046.0μm±41.9μm). In conclusion, iron-based driven self-gelling powders offer significant promise for limiting uncontrolled bleeding and promoting wound healing.

Macular oedema due to brvo: Timing for vitrectomy

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), either central (CRVO), branch RVO or hemiretinal RVO is the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. It may lead to irreversible visual loss if left untreated. The most common cause of decreased vision in patients affected with BRVO is the accumulation of fluid within the macula.Currently, in our clinical practice we have various treatment options for macular edema associated with BRVO. As a first line treatment the use of anti‐VEGF injections is very common and can be combined with the use of Grid‐pattern laser photocoagulation. Furthermore, in cases resistant to anti‐VEGF the intravitreal steroid implant (DEX) is an alternative choice.Epiretinal membrane is a fibroglial cellular tissue proliferation in the macula and is most commonly idiopathic, generated after a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Secondary ERM has been described in ocular trauma, retinal detachment, retinal surgery, retinal vasculopathies, and ocular inflammation. The prevalence of ERM in patients with RVO ranges between 14 and 16% and may exacerbate macular edema and reduce drug penetration of anti‐VEGF agents.In cases with BRVO, resistant macular edema despite of continuous anti‐VEGF treatment overtime and the presence of ERM the surgical removal of the membrane could potentially benefit patients, with a favorable final anatomical and functional result. Many parameters must be evaluated preoperatively, such as the integrity of the photoreceptor IS/OS, external limiting membrane (ELM), the absence of macular ischemia and the absence of disorganization of inner retinal layers (DRIL) before proceeding with retinal surgery.Vitrectomy with ERM peeling in these patients could lead to significant improvement in visual acuity and macular thickening, with resolution of macular edema and reduce the need for anti‐VEGF injections.

Down-regulation of interlinked inflammatory signalling cascades by ethanolic extract of Suaeda fruticosa Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel. attenuated in vivo inflammatory and nociceptive responses.

Juice and decoction of leaves of Suaeda fruticosa, a halophytic medicinal plant of Cholistan desert, is traditionally used to treat rheumatism. The current study was carried out to probe into in vivo anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic potential of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of S. fruticosa (Et-SF)and its bioactive molecules. GC-MS screening of Et-SF revealed presence ofvarious bioactive compounds including phytol, thymol, n-hexadecanoic acid,farnesol, and 1-heptacosanol. DPPH in vitro radical scavengingassay demonstrated moderate antioxidant potential of Et-SF. Safety evaluation of Et-SF confirmed no lethal effects in female albino rats up to the singleoral dose of 5000mg/kg. In all invivo models, Et-SF was administered in three doses (125, 250, and 500mg/kg) and a single dose of flurbiprofen (FP) (10mg/kg). Et-SF significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated acute inflammation in carrageenan, histamine, and serotonin-induced rat paw oedema models in a time-dependent manner. Et-SF alleviated oedema, restored haematological parameters, and reduced severe pannus formation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrous tissue proliferation inthe paws of CFA-induced arthritic rats.Moreover, treatment with thymol, farnesol and n-hexadecanoic acid alone and in combination also attenuated the arthritic progression in the arthritic rats indicating involvementof these compounds towards anti-arthritic potential of Et-SF. Et-SF and FP significantly (p < 0.05) down-regulated IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, and COX-2 mRNA expression, and up-regulated IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression in arthritic rats. Hot plate and acetic acid-induced writhing models results indicated the analgesic attributes of Et-SF in mice models. This study suggests that S. fruticosa ethanol extract may regulate the expression ofinflammatory markers involved in nociceptive, inflammatory, and arthritic disorders. Its phytochemicals could target multiple phases of these conditions at cellular and subcellular levels. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.

CBX3 contributes to pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression via promoting KIF20A expression.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the malignant tumors with poor prognosis. This study aims to inquiry the effects of Chromobox homologue 3 (CBX3) on PAAD progression. Pan-cancer analysis of CBX3 and its correlation with PAAD progression were investigated by informatics analysis. The role of CBX3 in PAAD was explored in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion were inspected by CCK-8 assay, EdU staining, scratch test and transwell assay, respectively. The morphology of tumors was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Immunohistochemistry (Ki67) was performed to inspect the proliferation of tumor tissue. The protein levels were measured by western blot. Moreover, the downstream genes of CBX3 were screened, and the effects of target gene on PAAD was investigated in vitro. CBX3 was overexpressed in multi cancers, and high CBX3 expression indicated poor prognosis in PAAD. Through the in vitro assays, knockdown of CBX3 suppressed the viability, migration and invasion of PAAD cells, and restrained tumor growth in vivo. Subsequently, kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) was screened as the downstream gene of CBX3, which was up-regulated in PAAD and related to low overall survival. Mechanistically, we discovered that CBX3 could regulate KIF20A expression. Knockdown of CBX3 promoted the oncogenic effects of KIF20A silencing on PAAD cells, and attenuated the pro-oncogenic effects of KIF20A overexpression on PPAD. Collectively, silencing CBX3 suppressed PAAD progression through regulating KIF20A expression, providing an underlying target for PAAD treatment.

Histological organization of the spleen of rats under conditions of acute intoxication with viper venom Vipera berus berus

The immune system plays an important role in the body's response to numerous environmental factors, including snake venom toxins. The composition of snake venom and the specifics of its effect on the human body are quite diverse. The predominance of one or another component of the toxin becomes decisive for the appearance of complications or even death. The study aims to study the peculiarities of the histological organization of the spleen of rats under conditions of acute intoxication with Vipera berus berus viper venom. Experimental studies were carried out on white, non-linear male rats. The animals were conditionally divided into a control and an experimental group of 10 individuals. Experimental rats were injected intraperitoneally with a semi-lethal dose (LD50) (1.576 mg/g-1) of Vipera berus berus venom in a physiological solution. Animals of the control group were injected intraperitoneally with only a physiological solution. Rats were removed from the experiment 24 hours after exposure to the poison and anaesthetised by cervical dislocation. Spleen samples were taken for microscopic examination. Fixation of the material and preparation of paraffin blocks were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Histological preparations of the spleen were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histological preparations were studied using an SEO SСAN light microscope. Acute intoxication with Vipera berus berus viper venom was associated with disorganization of the white pulp of the spleen of experimental animals, which manifested itself in the form of a loss of clarity and orderliness of the placement of its structural elements, poor visualization of the marginal zone of lymphoid nodules. An increase in the number of lymphoblasts characterized the germinal centres. Areas of spleen tissue destruction and hemorrhage were noted in the red pulp of the organ. The presence of foci of lymphocyte apoptosis, thickening of trabeculae, stasis and sludge of erythrocytes in the lumen of trabecular veins was also observed. Thus, under the influence of Vipera berus berus venom, disorganization of the white pulp is observed at the structural level of the rat spleen, and areas of organ destruction, lymphocyte apoptosis, and connective tissue proliferation are noted in the red pulp.

Non-invasive rehabilitation in Morbus Ledderhose disease, methods, techniques, efficiency

The abnormal proliferation of the fibrous tissue in the plantar fascia, Morbus Ledderhose is a non-malignant thickening of the deep connective tissue of the foot, a relatively rare pa-thology that intensely affects patients through marked pain and functional impotence. Re-habilitation treatments are poorly presented in the literature. To apply a non-invasive physiotherapeutic treatment which leads to consistent results in reducing pain, reducing the size of nodules or even their disappearance, the functional resumption of the foot, an increase in the life quality of affected patients. In the study, pa-tients were divided into 2 groups: G1 received treatment consisting of shockwave therapy complemented with SIS therapy, G2 received treatment consisting of ultrasound, laser therapy, kinesiotherapy, massage, excluding the application of shockwave therapy and SIS. Some of the patients associate comorbidities such as type II diabetes, Dupuytren’s disease or, more rarely, with Peyronie’s disease (penile fibromatosis). Important positive results have been obtained: a considerable decrease in the pain level of patients, the dissi-pation of consistency and decrease in the size of plantar nodules, an increase in the life quality of the patients with the resumption of productive activities. The treat-ment with shock waves and super inductive system has an increased efficiency both folowing the first cure and after various consecutive cures applied consistently at 6 months or maybe even faster, at 4-5 months, if necessary, if the pathology advances faster by intensifying fibrosis.