Progressive Relaxation Therapy Research Articles

The Application of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy on Changes in Blood Pressure in Elderly with Hypertension

High blood pressure is one of the most common non-communicable diseases suffered by the elderly. The changes in the cardiovascular system due to increasing age are the cause of hypertension in the elderly which may caused many complications if not controlled properly. High blood pressure can be treated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be given to hypertension sufferers is progressive muscle relaxation therapy.This research aims to determine wether there is alteration in elderly people’s blood pressure after The Progressive Muscel Relaxation Therapy applied. This research was a quasi experimental research with two group which is Intervention Group and Control Group. There were 31 elderly people with hypertension in each who met the suitables criteria. The results of the study showed variations in the blood pressure of respondents in the intervention group and control group before and after being given progressive muscle therapy at meetings 1 to 6. It was found that blood pressure in the intervention group was reduced. The results of the Independent T-test statistical test showed a significant ρ-value of 0.000 where ρ < α (α : 0.05), which means that providing progressive muscle relaxation therapy has an effect on changes in blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. The research concluded that there was an effect of applying progressive muscle relaxation therapy on changes in blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension.

Efektivitas Kombinasi Pemberian Edukasi Kesehatan, Relaksasi Napas Dalam dan Relaksasi Otot Progresif terhadap Kualitas Tidur Penderita Hipertensi

Hypertension stands as a perilous non-communicable disease, often leading to emotional instability among affected individuals. Symptoms like irritability, sleeplessness, and stress are commonly experienced by those with hypertension. Sleep quality is notably disrupted, with patients frequently experiencing discomfort and worry, often manifested as headaches, leading to disturbed sleep patterns. A multi-pronged approach is crucial for optimal results. Non-pharmacological interventions, combining health education with stress management techniques like progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and deep breathing exercises, prove beneficial. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this combined approach on the sleep quality of hypertensive patients, utilizing a quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest research design. The non-probability sampling technique employed accidental sampling, involving 17 hypertensive patients meeting specific criteria. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test yielded a significant result (p-value) of 0.000 ≤ 0.05. The combined intervention of health education, deep breath relaxation, and progressive muscle relaxation exhibited a positive impact on improving sleep quality among hypertensive patients. Further qualitative research is warranted to explore the experiences of hypertensive patients engaging in routine deep breath relaxation and progressive muscle relaxation therapies.

The Psychological and Biological Benefits of Mind-Body Therapy Interventions for Informal Caregivers of Individuals With Cancer: A Systematic Review

Background: Caring for an individual with cancer can be physically and emotionally draining and finding an effective intervention that supports caregivers is needed. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the psychological and biological effects of mind-body therapies for informal caregivers of individuals with cancer. Methods: A literature search was completed using 6 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PEDro, and OTSeekers) and 4 gray literature databases (MedNar, NY Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report, WorldCat Dissertations and Theses, and Proquest Psychology). Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials published after 2010; participants were informal caregivers of individuals with cancer; and the main intervention was yoga, meditation, progressive relaxation therapy and guided imagery, mindfulness therapy, tai chi, breathing exercises, qigong, or visual imagery. The researchers completed title, abstract, and full-text screens using the selection criteria. Data were synthesized descriptively according to the different types of interventions. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to critically appraise the final articles. Results: There were a total of 11 articles included in this systematic review. There is evidence that certain mind-body therapies can have a positive effect on well-being, anxiety, and fatigue but not mindfulness or stress. One study found significant improvements in biological markers. Conclusion: Medical professionals should consider recommending mind-body therapies, especially to informal caregivers who present with anxiety, fatigue, and impairments in well-being. The major limitation in this review is based mostly on fair quality evidence.

Community Empowerment through Training in Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy Skills to Lower Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients in Ayula Selatan Village

Hypertension is the most common non Hypertension is recorded as one of the cardiovascular diseases with the highest number of sufferers in Gorontalo, and is a global health issue. An increase in blood pressure that is not controlled will cause various dangerous complications such as disorders of the kidneys, heart and brain. To prevent complications, it is necessary to carry out non-pharmacological interventions in addition to pharmacological therapy as an effort to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the long term. Progressive muscle relaxation is an independent treatment option that can help hypertensive patients control their blood pressure. The purpose of this community service is to empower health cadres to increase community knowledge and skills in applying progressive muscle relaxation therapy as an effort to control blood pressure. Activities in this community service consist of forming a group of health cadres caring for hypertension who are trained in progressive relaxation therapy, then followed by assisting the cadres in providing education to the target community for hypertension sufferers. Evaluation of this activity was carried out by measuring the knowledge of cadres through data analysis from filling out questionnaires and measuring the blood pressure of hypertension sufferers. By the results of the pretest and posttest it was found that there was an increase in knowledge of 50% in health cadres and there was a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 29 mmHg and a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 12 mmHg in hypertensive subjects. From the results of this activity it can be implied that the application of progressive muscle relaxation can be used as alternatice intervention to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients as home care.

THE EFFECT OF PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION THERAPY ON ELDERLY WITH INSOMNIA

Along with many physiologic changes seen with aging, significant changes also happen in sleep and circadian rhythm across the lifes. Insomnia is a form of sleep disorder that is often experienced by the elderly. Insomnia is difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep. Treatment for insomnia usually begins with the elimination of habits (moving beds, using the bed only to sleep and others) if it doesn't work, it can be treated with hypnotic drugs. In fact, the elderly with all the functional decline of their bodies will make the work of their organs more difficult when they often consume these drugs. Therefore a therapy that is progressive relaxation therapy is expected to overcome these problems in the elderly. Progressive relaxation provides a way to identify specific muscles to differentiate between feelings of tension and deep relaxation. The purpose is to analyzing the effect of progressive muscle relaxation to elderly with insomnia in Pucangan Village, Kartasura. This study uses a pre-experimental approach with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. Techniques Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique as many as 30 elderly people who suffer from insomnia. The statistical test used was the paired samples t test with a p value of < 0.05. The results using the paired t test show the mean value of the pretest was 13.10 with a standard deviation of 5.08 and the post-test value was 11.07 with a standard deviation of 5.09, with the result p value = 0.001. The conclusion in this study shows that progressive relaxation therapy has a significant effect on the elderly who experience insomnia.
 Keywords: Elderly; Insomnia; Progressive Relaxation

COMPARISON OF PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR RELAXATION (PMR) AND MUSIC THERAPY (MT) IN REDUCING THE ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND STRESS SYMPTOMS AMONG NURSES

Objective: To compare the progressive muscular relaxation and music therapy in reducing the anxiety, depression and stress symptoms among nurses.
 Study Design: Quasi-experimental Study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Various hospitals in Rawalpindi, from Mar 2018 to Mar 2019.
 Methodology: Sample of study was 20 female nurses. They were assessed by using depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS21), Urdu version. Study participants were randomized into two groups, group 1= who received the music therapy (n=10); group 2=who receive progressive muscular relaxation (n=10). Both the groups were provided with 4 sessions of both interventions for one month. After completion of intervention, post assessment was carried immediately and analysis was carried out.
 Results: Mean age of nurses was 31 ± 7.42 years (range from 19-45 years). Significant difference was found which showed that progressive muscular relaxation was more effective in reducing the symptoms of depression and stress as compared to music therapy. Whereas, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found on anxiety (both the treatments equally reduced the anxiety).
 Conclusion: Progressive muscular relaxation was found to be more effective in reducing stress and depression in nurses than music therapy. The use of such techniques can serve as an additional therapy in the treatment of stress, anxiety and depression and can be used to reduce the need for pharmacological therapy.

The Mystery behind Relaxation Therapy: Adieu to Premenstrual Syndrome

AbstractPremenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a very common condition leading to physical, emotional, and psychological distress in females during their reproductive years. Researchers found that as many three of every four menstruating women have experienced some form of PMS. Although the severity of this problem is great, a lot of confusion exists in both medical and lay communities about what is and is not effective for the treatment of PMS. It has a wide variety of signs and symptoms and it may tend to recur in a predictable pattern. The physical and emotional changes experienced with PMS may vary from just slightly noticeable to very intense. Lifestyle adjustments in every kind can help to reduce or manage the signs and symptoms of PMS. Apart from all these, one of the most beneficial methods to reduce the difficulties of PMS is relaxation therapy which includes meditation, visualization, autogenic, Tai Chi, hydrotherapy, exercise, massage, aromatherapy, biofeedback, relaxation breathing, progressive muscle relaxation (Jacobson’s progressive relaxation therapy and The Mitchells progressive relaxation therapy) and yoga. Thus when remedies are available why not we celebrate the inborn power of relieving PMS in women.

PENGARUH KOMBINASI TERAPI RELAKSASI PROGRESIF & MUSIK KERONCONG TERHADAP INSOMNIA PADA LANSIA DI POSYANDU SETYA MANUNGGAL III KABUPATEN SEMARANG

Old age is a final stage in the span of human life. Health problems that are often found in the elderly, one of which is psychological disorders, namely anxiety, depression, readiness. These psychological disorders usually cause the emergence of sleep disorders, namely insomnia. Insomnia has an impact on physical effects, namely fatigue and muscle pain. The combination of progressive relaxation techniques and keroncong music is a non-pharmacological therapy given to clients by tensing certain muscles and then relaxing chili sauce accompanied by keroncong music. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of progressive relaxation therapy and keroncong music on insomnia in the elderly at the Setya Manunggal III Posyandu, Semarang Regency. This type of research is a quasi-experimental approach with a one group pre-post-test design without control approach. The population of the study was the active elderly who were registered at the Setya Manunggal III Posyandu Lansia as many as 33 elderly. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling by taking into account certain criteria, namely: 1) the elderly who were registered at the Setyamanunggal III Posyandu, 2) aged 60-74 years. 3) Does not experience limitations or paralysis of limbs 4) Likes keroncong music. The exclusion criteria set included: 1) Elderly people with dementia 2) Elderly people who received medication to help sleep/anti-depressants/sedatives 3) Elderly people with total hearing loss. Insomnia measuring instrument using the KSBPJ Questionnaire. The results showed that there was an effect of Combination of Progressive Relaxation Therapy and Keroncong Music on insomnia in the elderly with a t value of 16,142 > t table.

Relaksasi Progresif Sebagai Penurun Tingkat Stres Pasien Kanker Dengan Kemoterapi

Patients who undergo chemotherapy and will undergo a very risky procedure increased stress due to ignorance chemotherapy procedure that would in live or because of the condition of the disease, thus in need of appropriate measures to reduce stress levels in patients with chemotherapy. The human body responds to concerns and events that stimulate the mind and muscle tension, relaxation techniques are progressive muscle relaxing therapy. This study aimed to analyze the level of stress in cancer patients with chemotherapy in the Naval Hospital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. This study design using one-group pre-post test design with a sample of 33 cancer patients with chemotherapy in Rumkital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. The instrument used was a questionnaire on demographic data and questionnaire sheet DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale). The test used was Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with significance ρ = ≤ 0,05. Results of measuring the level of stress before the progressive relaxation therapy is given to a range of severe stress and after being given the progressive relaxation therapy to the normal range. Test results after and before the ρ= ≤ 0,001 while the value of ρ= ≤ 0.05, then it can be concluded that there is influence progressive relaxation therapy on stress levels. This therapy is highly effective in reducing stress levels, in order to accelerate the healing process of cancer. After a given therapy, stress levels were initially high after the therapy would be a significant drop was even normal.Keywords: progressive relaxation therapy, cancer, chemotherapy, stress

Psychological skills training for managing anxiety and better performance in elite athletes: A review

Objective: present systemic review was to find overview of available literature and find a gap for future studies of psychological training to reduce anxiety in elite athletes. Data Source: PubMed, PsycINFo, Science Direct and Google Scholars. Study eligibility criteria: The research works of RCT and Non RCT on psychological skill training on elite athletes which published in English language from 2000 to February 2019. Interventions: Application of various psychological techniques to reduce precompetitive anxiety among elite athletes. Outcome measure: Performance score, salivary cortisol, Heart rate, heart rate variability, tremo meter test, physical fitness test, cortisol plasma testosterone, competitive state anxiety questionnaires, semi structures interview, mental skill questionnaires, Test of performance strategies, Psychological wellbeing scale, mindful Attention Awareness Scale. Positive Affect, Negative Affect Schedule, -Satisfaction with Life Scale. Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire, Positive Affect, Negative Affect Schedule, Satisfaction with Life Scale. Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire, Shortened General Attitudes and Beliefs Scale), Sport Anxiety Scale-2, Group Environment Questionnaire, Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Self-Talk Questionnaire, Sport Competition Anxiety Test, Self-Compassion Scale. Unfamiliar relaxing music, unfamiliar arousing music, Familiar arousing music. Results: There were 10 studies used combination of various psychological training of alpha/theta neuro Feedback and mindfulness meditation, Goal setting, self-talk, visualization, imagery, Progressive relaxation therapy. Few studies were conducted with specific techniques and Its conducted with a smaller number of subject and objective measures. Conclusion: There is lots psychological training conducted among elite athletes even though world of athletes still suffering anxiety. Implications: There was a need of specific behavioral therapy to alter this major issue of precompetitive anxiety

Effectiveness of Progressive Relaxation Therapy among Clients with Risk of Violence Behavior in Indonesia

Objective: Clients diagnosed with risk of violent behavior might affect the surrounding environment. A therapy is necessary to control the behavior and reduce clients aggression.Progressive muscle relaxation is one of therapy aims to reduce tension and anxiety by relaxing the muscles of the body with rhythmrelaxation exercises of muscle from head to toe. (a) The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of progressive relaxation therapy in decreasing signs and symptom of aggression among clients with risk of violent behavior.
 Method: A quasi-experimental study was used with pre and post-test one group design. The samples used were 16 respondents and resulted in 50% of patients had red face signs and sharp eyes before the intervention.
 Results: research results shows that (b). P value 0,017 was obtained showing the influence of progressive relaxation therapy on clients with risk of violent behavior Conclusion: It was concluded that progressive relaxation can be recommended for healthcare providers as on strategy action in managing client with violent behavioror risk of violent behavior, especially to control anger and aggression. This therapy could be suggested as one of patients’ preparation for discharge from hospital.

Cost-effectiveness of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder

Economic analyses of treatments for OCD have been limited. This study analysed the comparative economic benefits and costs of an internet-based CBT (iCBT) relative to internet-based progressive relaxation therapy (iPRT) control. These were benchmarked against current estimates for face-to-face CBT (ffCBT) sourced from literature. The benefits to society of providing increased access to treatment was assessed using a cost-benefit analysis based upon productivity gains arising from treatment. Identification of the most cost-effective treatment amongst the three treatments was assessed using a cost-effectiveness analysis based upon both effectiveness as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and percentage of responders. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed iCBT to be the most cost effective treatment of the three analysed, followed by ffCBT based upon percentage of responders and iPRT based upon overall effectiveness of treatment. The cost-benefit analyses showed all treatment options delivered substantial benefits to society. These benefits ranged from three to thirty-five times the cost of providing treatment, depending on the assumptions used and the treatment provided, with iCBT showing the greatest ratio of benefits to costs but the ffCBT providing the greatest absolute benefits. Overall, the findings provide support for increased access to CBT intervention, for all patients with OCD; with online therapist-assisted modes of delivery as a cost-effective alternative to existing face-to-face treatments. Further work to more accurately quantify the benefits and costs resulting from CBT treatment modalities is required to support these preliminary findings.

The Effect Progressive Muscle Relaxation And Deepth Breathing On Ansietas Level Caregiver Of Paliative Care Patients

Emotional mental disorders experienced by caregiver due to treating palliative patients which can threaten the integrity of both internal and external self. The study was conducted to determine the effect of progressive relaxation and deep breathing to reduce anxiety in caregiver when treating palliative patients in hospitals. The design of this study is "experimental quasi pre-post test with control group". In the intervention group given progressive relaxation therapy and deep breathing. The number of samples of this study was 40 respondents in each group (intervention and control). The instrument in this study uses the HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). Data analysis includes univariate analysis carried out to describe the characteristics of each variable measured in the study. Bivariate analysis was carried out to identify the effect of progressive relaxation packages on reducing levels of caregiver anxiety in treating palliative patients. Homogeneity of the characteristics of respondents in two groups, that is variables of age, sex, education, occupation, marital status, duration of illness is done by Chi-Square test. From the results of the study there was no decrease in the response of physical anxiety (p = 0.493), cognitive (p = 0.223), attitude (p = 0.953) and psychological (p = 0.933) in the intervention group. As well in the control group (p> 0.05) except for the attitude element (p = 0.013), The results of this study concluded that there was no significant decrease in anxiety response after intervention in deep breath relaxation and progressive muscle relaxation in caregiver who treated palliative patients.

Terapi Relaksasi Progresif Untuk Menurunkan Kecemasan Siswi Dalam Menghadapi Menarche

Abstract               The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of progressive relaxation therapy in reducing the anxiety students facing menarche. This research includes Quasi Experimental research with One Group Pretest and Posttest Design. Variables in this research is Progressive Relaxation as independent variable (X) and Anxiety face menarche as dependent variable (Y). The population in this study were students of grade V and VI MI Bahrul Ulum who have not experienced menarche (menstruation for the first time) a number of 45 students. Research subjects as many as 15 students were taken using purposive sampling technique with criteria: 1) subjects have not experienced menarche; 2) experience anxiety. Data were collected using an anxiety scale that scored with Likert scale. Research data were analyzed using t-test with the help of SPSS for Windows program. The results showed a significant decrease in anxiety in subjects facing menarche (p = 0.000 <0.05) between post-treatment progressive relaxation.Keywords: progressive relaxation, anxiety facing menarche, young women

SELF-HELP PRACTICES: LITERATURE REVIEW

In recent years, the number of studies covering mindfulness, self-compassion practices, progressive relaxation, meditation and other self-help therapies or therapeutic interventions has grown rapidly. The vast interest in the field has caused fragmentation in methodological approaches and theoretical models, as well as a diffuse use of terminology, which makes it challenging to compare and critically evaluate the results of various studies. The purpose of this article is to collect and analyze the main trends and conclusions of theoretical and practical research devoted to self-help practices in recent years (2012-2017). The strategy in source selection was the following: a) researching the PsychArticles section of ProQuest database; b) main search criterion: Subject ("Self-Help Techniques"); c) additional search criteria: time of publication; peer-reviewed articles. For further analysis a research question was raised: what research topics appear in these sources and how are they elaborated? To answer it a narrative content analysis approach was used. As a result, five most significant research topics, which show an overview of latest tendencies in the research of self-help practices, were identified.

Pengaruh Relaksasi Progresif Terhadap Penurunan Perilaku Kekerasan Pada Pasien Skizofrenia Di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Klaten

Abstract: Violent Behavior, Schizophrenia, Progressive Relay Therapy. Management or treatment of violent behavior is necessary and can be done in three ways, namely prevention programs, anticipation and restraint. Progressive relaxation is part of the anticipatory program. The progressive relaxation technique is to focus on a muscle activity, by identifying the tense muscles and then decreasing the tension by performing relaxation techniques to get relaxed feelings (Murphy, 1996). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of progressive relaxation on the risk of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia RSJD Klaten. The type of research is Quasi experiment with research design using One Group Pre and Post test Design. Sampling using non probability sampling technique by purposive sampling which amounted to 30 respondents in RSJD Klaten. Sample is done pre test fill out questionnaire BPRS (General Response Function Adaptif) which include behavioral response, verbal response, emotional response, and physical response with scale 1-14 .. Data analysis used is Paired t-test with the help of computer SPSS for Windows version 18.0. The results of research on progressive relaxation implant dillakuakn in RS Klaten Klaten, after analyzed with bivariate showed that there is a decrease of average between before and after given progressive relaxation action from before action 2.07 to after action 1.63 (t count 0.44) and P value 0,000 <  (0.05). Interpretation of this research that progressive relaxation therapy is very influential in reducing the level of perilakukan violence in schizophrenic patients.

A Comparative Analysis between Anxiety Patients Receiving Medication Alone & Medication with Progressive Muscular Relaxation Therapy

A Comparative Analysis between Anxiety Patients Receiving Medication Alone & Medication with Progressive Muscular Relaxation Therapy

Pengaruh Terapi Relaksasi Progresif Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan dalam Menghadapi Uji Kompetensi Mahasiswa Tingkat III Akper Muhammadiyah Cirebon

<p><strong>ABSTRACT<br /> </strong>A nurse is deemed competent to have a competency certificate obtained through a competency test. Anggraeni Novi (2013): 3rd grader D III Nursing Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia 56% experience anxiety from mild to moderate level in facing competency test. There is an effect of progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety levels in schizophrenic patients in RSJ Bali Province (Laksmi, 2015). This study aims to determine the effect of progressive relaxation therapy to decrease the level of anxiety in the face of nurse competence test at the level III student AKPER Muhammadiyah Cirebon. The study design used "Quasi Experimental Pre-Post Test with Control Group" with progressive relaxation therapy intervention. Population: all students of level III AKPER Muhammadiyah Cirebon with a sample of 72 people. The data collection tool used is an anxienty HARS rating scale (<em>Hamilton Anxienty Rating Scale</em>) measurement questionnaire. The analysis of research results consisted of univariate and bivariate analysis, using percentage, test of t-test and independent t test. Results: There was a significant decrease in anxiety levels in the intervention group after progressive relaxation therapy (p = 0,000). Advice: Progressive relaxation therapy may be applied to decrease anxiety levels among students in the face of competency tests.</p><p>Keywords: degree of anxiety and progressive relaxation therapy.</p><h3 align="left"> </h3><h3 align="left"> </h3><h3 align="left">Abstrak</h3><p>Seorang perawat dinyatakan kompeten apabila memiliki sertifikat kompetensi yang diperoleh melalui uji kompetensi. Anggraeni Novi (2013) : mahasiswa tingkat III D III Keperawatan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia 56% mengalami kecemasan dari tingkat ringan sampai sedang dalam menghadapi uji kompetensi. Terdapat pengaruh relaksasi otot progresif terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada pasien skizofrenia di RSJ Provinsi Bali ( Laksmi, 2015). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi relaksasi progresif terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi uji kompetensi perawat pada mahasiswa Tingkat III AKPER Muhammadiyah Cirebon. Desain penelitian menggunakan “<em>Quasi Experimental Pre-Post Test with Control Group</em>” dengan intervensi terapi relaksasi progresif. Populasi : semua mahasiswa tingkat III AKPER Muhammadiyah Cirebon dengan sampel 72 orang. Alat pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan adalah kuesioner pengukuran tingkat kecemasan menggunakan skala <em>HARS (Hamilton Anxienty Rating Scale) </em>Analisis hasil penelitian terdiri atas analisis univariat dan bivariat, dengan menggunakan prosentase, uji <em>Dependen t-Test</em> dan uji <em>independen t test. </em>Hasil penelitian : terdapat penurunan tingkat kecemasan yang bermakna pada kelompok intervensi setelah dilakukan terapi relaksasi progresif <em>( p = 0,000). </em>Saran : Terapi relaksasi progresif dapat diterapkan untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada mahasiswa dalam menghadapi uji kompetensi. </p>Kata Kunci : tingkat ansietas dan terapi relaksasi progresif.

Plasma Cytokine Levels in Fibromyalgia and Their Response to 15 Weeks of Progressive Resistance Exercise or Relaxation Therapy.

The aims of this study were to compare circulating cytokines between FM and healthy controls and to investigate the effect on cytokine levels by 15 weeks of progressive resistance exercise or relaxation therapy in FM. Baseline plasma cytokine levels and clinical data were analyzed in 125 women with FM and 130 age-matched healthy women. The FM women were then randomized to progressive resistance exercise (n = 49) or relaxation (n = 43). Baseline IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IP-10, and eotaxin were higher in FM than in healthy controls (P < 0.041), whereas IL-1β was lower (P < 0.001). There were weak correlations between cytokine levels and clinical variables. After both interventions, IL-1ra had increased (P = 0.004), while IL-1β had increased in the relaxation group (P = 0.002). Changes of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17A were weakly correlated with changes of PPT, but there were no significant correlations between changes of cytokine and changes in other clinical variables. The elevated plasma levels of several cytokines supports the hypothesis that chronic systemic inflammation may underlie the pathophysiology of FM even if the relation to clinical variables was weak. However, 15 weeks of resistance exercise, as performed in this study, did not show any anti-inflammatory effect on neither FM symptoms nor clinical and functional variables. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01226784, registered October 21, 2010. The first patient was recruited October 28, 2010.

Relaksasi Progresif terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Post Operasi BPH (Benigna Prostat Hyperplasia)

&lt;p&gt;Pain is one of the most common complaints in patients after experiencing a surgery. Surgery is a biphasic event against the human body that implies pain management. In post-surgery patients feel severe pain and 75% of patients have unpleasant experiences due to inadequate pain management.Based on the results of activity reports in Dr. Hi. Abdul Moeloek Public Hospital in Lampung Province in July-December 2016 obtained data operation BPH as many as 51 inhabitants. The objective of this research was to find out the effect of progressive relaxation to an intensity of pain for BPH (Benigna Prostate Hyperplasia) post-surgery patient. This was a quasi-experiment research by using one group pretest and posttest design. 20 respondent samples were taken by using accidental sampling. Data were collected by using observation sheet and analyzed by using univariate and bivariate analyses with Wilcoxon sign test. The results showed that the mean value of pain before the progressive relaxation therapy equal to 5.20 with standard deviation 0.834. While the mean value of pain scale after it was 3.60 with standard deviation 0.681. Analysis with Wilcoxon sign test derived p-value 0.000 (ρ-value 0.000 &amp;lt; α 0.05), and the conclusion there was a significant effect the mean value of pain in the post-surgery patient’s BPH (Benigna Prostate Hyperplasia) after progressive relaxation therapy. The researcher expects that the progressive relaxation therapy can be used by more operational methods. &lt;/p&gt;