Industrial Progress Research Articles

Research on the Application and Optimization of Stepper Motors in Ink jet Printers

Ink jet printers have become an indispensable tool in various fields due to their high resolution, cost-effectiveness, and versatility. The performance of these printers heavily relies on precise mechanical control. Stepper motors, as key actuators in these systems, play a vital role in ensuring smooth operation and maintaining print quality. Understanding and optimizing these components are essential for addressing the growing demands for speed, accuracy, and energy efficiency in modern printing technologies. This article explores the basic structure of ink jet printers, analyzes their application functions, and focuses on the driving mechanism of print heads and paper transport systems. Studied the components, operating modes, and principles of the stepper motors used in these devices, emphasizing their functionality based on electromagnetic induction. In addition, this article proposes optimization strategies aimed at improving the accuracy and speed control of stepper motors in ink jet printers. Experimental data shows that through these optimizations, performance and response time have been significantly improved. The research results emphasize that the integration of enhanced stepper motor technology not only improves the market competitiveness of ink jet printers, but also promotes technological innovation and industrial progress

A STUDY ON PROFITABILITY OF SELECTED CEMENT COMPANIES IN INDIA

The Indian cement industry is second largest after China. The progress of cement industry is gradually affected to infrastructure development. A total capacity is 151.2 Million Tonnes (MT). Cement industry constitutes of 140 large and more than 365 mini cement plants. The cement industry plays a significant role in economic development. Cement is required raw material to any construction purpose as for building, road, bridges etc. This paper studies the profitability performance of selected cement companies. Study is based on secondary data collected from published annual reports covers a four years’ period (2018 to 2021). The data have been analyzed by using important profitability ratios and some of the statistical tools.

Streamlining life cycle assessment for complex Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing products – Lessons from lighting

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a framework supporting quantification of a product’s environmental impacts. Such data is required for comprehensive assessment of carbon emission impacts over the full life-cycle of products and buildings. With policymakers and the private sector pursuing decarbonisation goals, the need to streamline development of LCA data for Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) items has increased. MEP practitioners are tailoring existing LCA frameworks to accommodate supply chain complexity and unique use-phase scenarios. In lighting, LCA leadership is being driven by designers from consulting/engineering firms and manufacturers committed to identifying data gaps, inconsistencies, and uncertainty in the application of LCA. In 2025, lighting’s first Industry-Average LCA Report will be published as the result of an industry-led, international, collective analysis of five commonly used architectural luminaires. The findings suggest LCA development may be streamlined by articulating the role of manufacturers and designers in accelerating the closure of identified data gaps and adoption of consistent, industry-agreed interpretation of LCA for complex MEP items. Strategies include approaching industry LCA as a design innovation tool rather than compliance issue; assembling designer-manufacturer forums to incentivize commercial cooperation; improving global harmonisation and harnessing Industry-Average Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) and other tools as an introduction to more specific analysis. Practical Application With increasing significance in the growth of, and requirement for, the adoption of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) within the built environment, this paper offers leading practitioners and manufacturers an approach that can help identify current data gaps, areas of inconsistency and uncertainty within the discipline of Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) LCA. It suggests how engaging multiple stakeholders, particularly manufacturers and designers, can deliver preliminary results that support wider industry progress within this emerging field of data collection and analysis. This paper also provides lighting manufacturers, sustainability specialists and MEP consultants with a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental impact of lighting.

Reproduction of Tolerance Habitus in High School Students in the VUCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity)

The progress of Industry 4.0 has had both positive and negative impacts. One of the impacts that can be felt by today's teenagers is a lack of character development. Character cultivation is carried out not only in the family environment, but can also be done in the school environment. School is an arena for cultivating character values ​​for its students. One of the most highlighted character cultivation in the current era is the cultivation of the character of tolerance between religious communities. Departing from these problems, this research aims to discuss the habitus of tolerance in schools in the VUCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity), especially for students who are Generation Z. The method used in this research is qualitative by in-depth interviews with school students and conducting Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with student representatives at the Surakarta Ex-Karisidenan. The results of this research show that the UCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) has an impact on the process of reproducing the habitus of tolerance in schools. This is because digital processes in the VUCA Era (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) tend to strengthen polarization and increase disagreement between different groups. When information disseminated via social media or other online platforms tends to mislead or oversimplify the complexity of issues, this can result in stigma, stereotypes, and prejudice against certain groups.

Current Situation, Challenges and Development Path of Government Data Resource System Construction in Shaanxi Province

In today’s era of surging waves of digitization, government data has risen to become an extremely important strategic resource. To enhance the scientific nature of government decision-making, it is like an accurate navigator, which can help the government make wise choices in the complex and changing development situation; in optimizing the supply of public services, it is like a caring intelligent assistant, which enables the public to enjoy more convenient, efficient and personalized services; and in promoting the process of economic and social development, it is like a strong enabler, which injects constant momentum into the innovation and progress of various industries, which has an irreplaceable and crucial role. It is like a powerful booster in the process of promoting economic and social development, injecting innovation and progress into all walks of life, and has an irreplaceable key role. Shaanxi Province, keenly observing this trend, has actively engaged in the exploration journey of government data resource system construction, and has made every effort to build an integrated and high-efficiency government data management and application pattern, aiming at accurately matching the diversified needs of the new era of development, realizing the leapfrog development of digital transformation, and making its presence felt in the wave of the national government data construction, so as to provide the prosperity and development of the Sanqin land with solid data support and innovation power. The company will also provide solid data support and innovative power for the prosperous development of the Sanqin land.

Research on Price Involution and Development of China's New Energy Vehicle Market

This article examines the phenomenon of price volatility in China's new-energy vehicle market and separately analyses the causes and possible consequences in terms of technological innovation and government policies. The Chinese government's policies to promote new energy vehicles, such as subsidies and rapid technological modernisation, have led to high demand for green energy vehicles and a fiercer competitive environment for companies, resulting in a downward price trend in China's new energy vehicle market. Aggressive pricing strategies often come at the expense of profit margins. Continued price declines can lead to fierce competition in China's new energy vehicle market, reducing the living space for small enterprises and reducing the diversity and development potential of the latest energy market. This article identifies the importance of the sustainable development of China's new energy vehicle industry and highlights the need for innovation, differentiation and a stricter policy framework to address the problem of price volatility. The aim is to provide suggestions to the government and the public on how to address the challenges caused by price erosion to promote a healthier and more competitive market environment that drives the growth and technological progress of China's NEV industry.

Identification and Characterization of the Y-Organ of Orange Mud Crab Scylla Olivacea.

The Y-organs (YOs) synthesize and secrete molting hormones, and thus regulate crustacean growth and reproduction. However, the YOs of the orange mud crab Scylla olivacea is yet to be described due to its minute size and ambiguous feature. This study describes the location, morphological characteristics, histology, and the changes of YOs at different molt stages, and examines invitro ecdysteroid secreted by the YOs of S. olivacea. Mature male crabs (> 90 mm carapace width, CW) were used to identify the location of the YOs while male juveniles (50-65 mm CW) at three molt stages (intermoult, premoult, postmoult) were dissected for the characterization of 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) levels. The yellowish-white, compact, and oval-shaped YOs are located in pairs at the anterior cephalothorax region, beneath the mandibular external adductor muscle, anterior to the branchial chamber space, and around the end of the nerve tract. The YOs index and YO's cell diameter increased from postmoult to premoult; YO's diameter increased only during premoult stage. Under electron microscopy, the YO's surface morphology is rough, bumpy, network-like, and porous, with several lacunar system tubules. High concentrations of haemolymph 20E during premoult correlated with the changes in the characteristics of YOs at this stage. The presence of ecdysteroid in YOs was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The characteristics of the YOs of S. olivacea are similar to the YO descriptions of other brachyurans. The successful identification and characterization of YOs will spearhead future research on understanding its role in molt regulation of mud crabs, consequently contributing to the development and progress of crab culture and soft-shell crab industries.

National Beef Quality Audit-2022: Harvest-floor assessments of hide defects, carcass defects, and offal condemnations that affect value of carcasses and by-products from market cows and bulls.

The National Beef Quality Audit (NBQA)-2022 serves as a benchmark of the current market cow and bull sectors of the U.S. beef industry and allows comparison to previous audits as a method of monitoring industry progress. From September 2021 through May 2022, post-slaughter hide-on animals (n = 6,674), carcasses (n = 5,746), and offal items (heads and tongues: n = 7,282; lungs and hearts: n = 6,708; viscera, kidneys, and livers: n = 6,358) were surveyed at 20 commercial beef processing facilities across the United States. There were 37.8% of cattle with no visible mud contamination. Native (unbranded) hides were observed in 88.3% of cattle. Carcass bruising was observed on 66.7% of cow carcasses and 46.4% of bull carcasses, similar to percentages observed in the 2007 and 2016 audits. Nearly all cattle were free of knots (98.2%) or injection-site lesions (97.1%). Harvest-floor assessments found that 45.0% of livers, 22.2% of viscera, 19.3% of kidneys, 46.6% of lungs, 19.9% of hearts, 11.2% of heads, and 6.4% of tongues were condemned. The leading cause of condemnation for these offal items was contamination, aside from livers with the majority resulting in condemnation from the presence of an abscess. Of the cows surveyed, 25.4% carried a fetus, an 8% increase compared to those observed in 2016, and a 14.8% increase compared to cows surveyed in 2007. Findings from the NBQA-2022 identified areas of improvement and areas that required continued research and producer education to improve market cow and bull welfare, by-product quality, and offal value.

Critical success factors in integrated tourism development projects: A thematic analysis of major tourism investors’ perspectives in the Red Sea, Egypt

Investment plays a critical role in the progress of the tourism industry. Understanding the perspectives of tourism real estate developers and major investors is essential, as their decisions and insights shape the success of tourism projects. This study analyzes the critical success factors for integrated tourism development projects from the viewpoints of real estate developers and investors in Egypt’s Red Sea region. By conducting thematic analysis of interviews with eight experts, the study identifies key factors influencing the success of integrated tourism development projects. The findings reveal that, according to the investors perspectives, the ranking of factor groups is as follows: regulatory and administrative factors, tourism development and urban planning factors, collaboration and market responsiveness factors, economic and financial factors, infrastructure and accessibility factors, and environmental factors. The results contribute to the literature on tourism investment and provide insights for future tourism development projects aiming to succeed in similar coastal environments.

Hygienic and biochemical aspects of the effect of mercury on the human body (literature review)

In the modern world, against the background of high rates of industrialization and economic progress, environmental safety problems are becoming more acute. The issues of industrial mercury pollution of environmental objects, which has adverse consequences for public health, are relevant. The main mechanisms of mercury impact on the human body have been identified, and further study of the effects of low doses of the toxicant over the long-term follow-up period is also necessary.The literature on the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, SpringerLink, Sciencedirect was analyzed. Conclusion. There are cases in the world when environmental disasters caused by global pollution caused irreparable harm to human health. At the present stage of industrial development, the issues of anthropogenic mercury pollution of habitat objects remain relevant. The danger of chronic exposure to low doses of the toxicant comes to the fore, which also requires further study to develop preventive measures to offset the impact on public health.

Digital Language Services: Evolution, Challenges, Opportunities, and Ethical Implications

Digital language services (DLS), powered by advanced technologies, have become effective instruments for promoting cooperation and communication across linguistic boundaries. We selected 25 publications to guide this study based on both inclusion and exclusion criteria. Through a systematic review based on the framework of PRISMA, it is revealed that there is a huge potential for innovation and progress in the intelligent language service industry, even while there are still difficulties and ethical concerns unaddressed. We can fully utilize Digital language services to construct and maintain a more interconnected and inclusive world by tackling these obstacles and utilizing cutting-edge technologies. The collaboration between humans and technologies also plays an important role in DLS. It is expected that humans will improve the development of DLS by assisting with technologies rather than replacing them. This study formulates a solid foundation for future researchers and practitioners, based on which numerous research directions can be delved into shortly. The findings can be applied to various fields such as education, marketing, social studies, and computer science.

Intelligent vehicle obstacle avoidance strategy application supported by fuzzy control theory

IntroductionWith the continuous progress of the automotive industry, the safe driving of intelligent vehicles has received increasing attention. Traditional obstacle avoidance techniques are not accurate enough in dealing with fuzzy information encountered in high-speed driving. Therefore, this study aims to improve the obstacle avoidance ability of intelligent vehicles through fuzzy control theory.MethodsThe study employs fuzzy control theory to enhance the ability of intelligent vehicles to process fuzzy information, thereby improving conventional obstacle avoidance techniques. A combination of visual sensing and ultrasonic detection equipment was used to comprehensively plan the real-time obstacle avoidance routes of the intelligent vehicle.Results and DiscussionThe improved obstacle avoidance technique achieves an accuracy of 96.11%, which is better than the comparison avoidance technique. In the absence of interfering signals, the running time and overshoot were 2.4 s and 7%, respectively, again superior to the comparison technique. The experimental results show that the obstacle avoidance technique proposed in this study can improve the recognition ability of intelligent vehicles on fuzzy information, so as to improve the accuracy of obstacle recognition and provide certain guarantee for the safe driving of intelligent vehicles.

A comprehensive review and future prospects of biobanking pathogenic microorganisms causing human infections in China

Pathogenic microorganisms serve as a crucial material foundation for life sciences and the progression of the biotechnology industry, and they also constitute an essential prerequisite for scientific innovation. Over the past century, global initiatives aimed at the collection and utilization of microorganisms have been instrumental in facilitating fundamental scientific research and fostering advancements in biotechnology. This article provides a comprehensive review of the history of culture collections of human-infecting pathogenic microorganisms in China, with a specific emphasis on developments over the past two decades. It delineates and consolidates four distinct stages of development along with their notable achievements. Additionally, the paper examines the positioning, responsibilities, development strategies, and measures associated with culture collections in this new historical context, with the objective of offering significant technical support for the monitoring and early warning of potential global pandemics in the future, thereby ensuring national biosecurity.

Does national intellectual capital matter for productivity? International evidence

PurposeIn the context of the contemporary globalized environment and the rapid progression of Industry 4.0, the existing literature suggests that national intellectual capital does play a significant role in shaping diverse economic metrics. However, the connection between national intellectual capital and total factor productivity (TFP) has been largely overlooked. This paper examines the effect of national intellectual capital on productivity across 84 countries, encompassing diverse income levels, human development index (HDI) levels and continents.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), two-stage least squares (2SLS), generalized method of moments (GMM) and pooled mean group (PMG) estimation techniques on a sample of 84 economies from 2000 to 2019.FindingsThe results reveal a significant effect of national intellectual capital on productivity. Countries with robust intellectual capital exhibit enhanced productivity and, by extension, sustainable economic growth. The findings are nuanced, illustrating varied impacts across low, middle and high-income countries and offering insights into tailored strategies for each income group. Nations with lower HDI levels derive significant benefits from investments in intellectual capital, whereas higher HDI countries experience lower returns in productivity gains from additional intellectual capital investments. Interestingly, Latin America exhibits a paradoxical negative effect of national intellectual capital on TFP.Practical implicationsThis paper makes a significant contribution to the literature by extending the discourse on intellectual capital to the national level, an area that has been relatively underexplored. The comparative analysis across income groups, human development index levels and continents enriches the understanding of the multifaceted impacts of intellectual capital on productivity. These insights are valuable for policymakers, researchers and international development agencies, providing a comprehensive perspective on how intellectual capital influences productivity in diverse economic and developmental contexts.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical study to investigate the impact of national intellectual capital on productivity across 84 countries, considering diverse income levels, HDI levels and continents.

Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Bank Syariah Indonesia Sebelum dan Sesudah Merger Menggunakan Metode Maqashid Shariah Index dan Profitabilitas

Bank Syariah Indonesia was established on February 1,2021. The establishment of Bank Syariah Indonesia was a combination of 3 (three) BUMN Banks (State Owned Enterprises), namely Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah, and BRI Syariah. For this reason, the merger of the three banks aims to realize efforts to build an advanced Islamic bank. On the other hand, the progress of an Islamic banking industry is certainly inseparable from the evaluation of the Islamic bank's financial performance. This aims to determine the financial conditions that occurred during a certain period, in which this information is intended for the government, investors and customers of the Islamic bank. So because of this, the authors are interested in measuring the performance of Indonesian Sharia Banks, which can still be said to be new because it is the result of the merger of the three state-owned banks based on the Maqashid Sharia Index and Profitability concept. This research aims to analyze the performance achievements of Bank Syariah Indonesia before and after the merger using the Maqashid Shariah Index and Profitabilta methods and to compare the two performance achievements. The results of the study found that after the Merger, Indonesian Sharia Banks achieved the highest average MSI Performance ratio (Maqashid Syariah Index) and Profitability Performance ratios compared to before the Merger.

Improving Iron Content in Sustainable Mycoprotein Production through Seawater Fermentation

The growing global population and rising protein demand are straining freshwater resources. Fusarium venenatum (Fv) mycoprotein offers a sustainable protein alternative, with environmental efficiency and potential health benefits. However, its low iron content remains a concern, especially for vegetarians and vegans. This study introduces a sustainable approach, employing seawater as a fermentation medium for Fv production. Our analysis reveals that mycoprotein derived from SEA Fv exhibits elevated levels of sodium and calcium, with a notably high iron content (2.2 mg/100g wet weight). The sodium content, while 3.31 times higher than in non-seawater fermentation, remains within recommended daily intake parameters. No plasticizers or heavy metals were detected in the SEA Fv cell body, minimizing long-term toxicity risks from seawater use. A unique metabolite, dihydroorotic acid, was identified from an in-house library of 774 metabolites, serving as an internal biomarker for seawater-based production methods. An acute safety study condensing 600g of SEA Fv to simulate high mycoprotein digestion showed no effects on key physical behaviors or major organs, including the heart and lungs. This positions the product as a viable protein alternative with enhanced iron content, highlighting seawater-based fermentation as a sustainable method for future food production and industry progress.

Implementation of machine learning tool for continued process verification of process chromatography unit operation.

Recent advancements in technology, such as the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), have facilitated the progression of the biopharmaceutical industry toward the implementation of Industry 4.0. As per the guidelines set by the USFDA, process validation for biopharmaceutical production consists of three stages: process design, process qualification, and continuous process verification (CPV). This paper proposes a strategy for achieving CPV for a cation exchange chromatography unit operation, emphasizing the urgent need for such strategies in the biopharmaceutical industry. Statistical process control (SPC) charts were generated based on real-time measurement of the various critical process parameters (CPPs) measured via in-built sensors (pH, conductivity, UV, and delta column pressure) as well as of critical quality attributes (CQAs) like charge variant composition (Raman spectroscopy) and concentration (Near infrared spectroscopy). A Python-based program was created to read these SPC charts and respond to any deviation. The developed models for NIR coupled DNN PAT tool and Raman coupled DNN PAT tool exhibited satisfactory R2 values (> 0.90), highlighting the statistical significance of the proposed model. Further, the control strategy designed based on Raman spectroscopy for charge variant composition in CEX eluate has been demonstrated by intentional perturbations in the CEX load. The resulting CEX eluate output showed a consistent charge variant composition as that of control runs (acidic ∼20 ± 2 %, main ∼62 ± 2 % and basic ∼18 ± 2 %). It has been demonstrated how an appropriate selection of analyzers, soft sensors, and advanced data analytics can be used to execute CPV and enable the biopharmaceutical industry to implement Industry 4.0.

The Impact of E-Marketing on Customer Satisfaction: The Moderating Role of Service Quality in Jordanian Commercial Banks

Banking work in this era is distinguished by relying on information and communication technology to develop systems and means of providing banking services and raising the efficiency and performance of banking services in line with the rapid progress in the banking industry. This study examines the impact of electronic marketing on customer satisfaction with the moderating role of service quality in Jordanian commercial banks. The study’s goals and questions were met using a descriptive and analytical technique. With the aid of a suitable data and information collection tool, the descriptive technique was employed based on the study of the research topic. The study population consisted of all administrative workers in the Jordanian commercial banks. The statistical package for the social sciences program was used to examine the data after obtaining it using the questionnaire (SPSS). The study found a statistically significant effect at the level (α ≤ 0.05) of e-marketing on customer satisfaction in Jordanian commercial banks, with the moderating role of service quality. The study also recommends expanding investments in the technical field. Banks seeking to provide electronic banking services must realise the importance and necessity of huge investments in information systems, the adoption of modern technology in communications, the development of internal and external networks, and the need for protection and security.

Empowering stakeholder engagement and decision-making in future nuclear organisations: a multilevel research framework for challenges and opportunities

Purpose This study aims to present a comprehensive research framework designed to assess stakeholder perceptions in the nuclear power plant (NPP) industry, with a focus on the unique context of the Al Barakah NPP in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The framework combines a thorough literature review, primary data collection methods and strategic action planning to facilitate stakeholder engagement and drive progress in the industry. Design/methodology/approach To develop the framework, an extensive review of relevant literature was conducted, identifying gaps and incorporating insights from sectoral reports, governmental documents and scholarly works. Primary data collection was then carried out using an online survey administered through Google Forms. The survey instrument was carefully designed, adhering to established guidelines and incorporating closed-ended questions, Likert scales and multiple-choice formats. Pilot-testing of the survey was conducted among the general public residing in the vicinity of the Al Barakah NPP. Findings The multi-level research framework enables a systematic assessment of stakeholder perceptions in the NPP industry. Through the analysis and synthesis of collected data, a strategic approach and customised managerial action plan can be formulated, tailored to the specific context of the NPP. This approach encourages stakeholder involvement and plays a vital role in driving industry advancements. Practical implications The proposed framework offers a valuable tool for NPP stakeholders, policymakers and industry professionals to gather and analyse stakeholder perceptions effectively. It empowers informed decision-making, fosters stakeholder engagement and supports the development of strategic actions that address concerns and propel progress in the NPP industry. Originality/value This study contributes to the existing literature by presenting a comprehensive research framework specifically designed for assessing stakeholder perceptions in the NPP industry. By integrating literature review, primary data collection and strategic action planning, it provides a holistic approach to comprehend stakeholder perspectives and promote sustainable development in the nuclear energy sector.

Wood-based Solid Biofuel in Malaysia: Export Status and Policy Review

The widespread use of fossil fuel has led to severe environmental consequences, such as climate change and pollution. As a remedial response, the global energy landscape has decidedly shifted from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, such as solar energy and biofuel for bioenergy. As a country rich in resources, Malaysia has had a golden opportunity to dwell on the production of the second-generation biofuel, also known as the wood-based solid biofuel (WBSB). This review paper intends to provide an overview of Malaysia's WBSB production and export industry, focusing on the current export status for the products and the policy frameworks that support the industry in Malaysia. The export status of five WBSB products (wood pellet, briquettes, charcoal, fuelwood, and wood chips or particles) are appraised based on its export status and global ranking. In addition, related biomass or biofuel policy and the effect it has on the progression of the biofuel industry were analyzed and consolidated. The findings show that the biofuel industry in Malaysia, specifically those concerning WBSB is average at best compared to its neighbors in Southeast Asia, Vietnam and Indonesia in the export of wood pellets and charcoal, respectively. However, in recent years, Malaysia has become increasingly competitive in the export of pellets and chips, which are becoming one of the top 10 global exporters. Furthermore, government policies and initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable forestry practices and stimulating the bioenergy sector have facilitated the growth of the biofuel industry, such as the Green Technology Financing Scheme (GTFS) IV of the National Biomass Action Plan. In general, this review outlines the current export state of WBSB products, while highlighting the key policies that govern biomass and biofuel production to identify areas for potential improvement to enhance competitiveness and sustainability in Malaysia's biofuel industry.