Optimization Program Research Articles

Optimization of the Antibacterial Spectrum and the Developability Profile of the Novel-Class Natural Product Corramycin.

Corramycin 1 is a novel zwitterionic antibacterial peptide isolated from a culture of the myxobacterium Corallococcus coralloides. Though Corramycin displayed a narrow spectrum and modest MICs against sensitive bacteria, its ADMET and physchem profile as well as its high tolerability in mice along with an outstanding in vivo efficacy in an Escherichia coli septicemia mouse model were promising and prompted us to embark on an optimization program aiming at enlarging the spectrum and at increasing the antibacterial activities by modulating membrane permeability. Scanning the peptidic moiety by the Ala-scan strategy followed by key stabilization and introduction of groups such as a primary amine or siderophore allowed us to enlarge the spectrum and increase the overall developability profile. The optimized Corramycin 28 showed an improved mouse IV PK and a broader spectrum with high potency against key Gram-negative bacteria that translated into excellent efficacy in several in vivo mouse infection models.

Social Funding Programs in Non-Depository Credit Cooperatives: A Perspective on Positive Law and Sharia Principles

The aim of this study is to investigate the social funding scheme used by non-depository lending cooperatives to satisfy the monetary demands of their patrons. This theme is of great importance for discussion as, historically, no established plan has been implemented to meet these financial needs, especially considering that non-depository lending cooperatives do not support financial lending transactions. Traditional lending and borrowing models have typically been linked with deposit and loan-based cooperatives. This study uses a qualitative descriptive methodology with a normative approach. The primary data sources are transaction records from the cooperatives and their members, while secondary data sources include significant journal articles and books. The study reveals that the optimal social funding program for non-depository lending cooperatives to fulfill the financial requirements of their members is a blended scheme involving qardhul hasan and mudharabah protocols. The maximum permissible loan is equal to 50% of the member's overall pension savings, while the loan tenure must not surpass five years. These loan conditions take account of potential credit and operational hazards. From a theological standpoint, social funding aligns with the commendable teachings of Islam as outlined in the Quran and Sunnah. Exploring the beneficial legal aspects applicable to Indonesia, social funding is an integral part of the Indonesian identity and has been present for centuries, predating the proclamation of the Indonesian state on August 17, 1945. This is enshrined in the Republic of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution, Article 33, Paragraphs (1) and (2). Article 33, paragraph (1), states that the economy is structured as a collective effort based on the principle of family unity. Paragraph (2) stipulates that the state must control industries that are vital to the country and essential for the welfare of the public.

Citric acid and temperature programming assisted synthesized Vanadium Silicate-1 for oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene

Vanadium-MFI zeolites possess phenomenal potential for catalytic oxidation, while their application is constrained by vanadium content and species distribution. Here, we constructed Vanadium Silicate-1 (VS-1) with enhanced content and preferable distribution by the addition of citric acid in tandem with a temperature-program strategy. Citric acid could modulate the pH in the initial gel and coordinate with vanadium, inhibiting the hydrolysis of vanadium and promoting vanadium incorporation. Moreover, a temperature program was employed to generate unsaturated silicon species, overcoming the tendency of aggregation in vanadium precursor and further promoting vanadium insertion. Furthermore, the effects of the first-stage crystallization temperature and time on the properties of zeolite have been investigated in detail. The sample synthesized through the optimal temperature program achieved 99.9 % dibenzothiophene conversion in 2 h, 10.4 times that of conventional synthesis. To explain the excellent reaction activity, the relationship between different vanadium species and reaction results was investigated. Through linear fitting, V=O(OSi)2(OH) was considered as the dominant active species in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) reaction. Notably, the recycled zeolite proved good reusability, further enhancing its promising application prospect.

Efficient use of multiculturally cultivated pond fish is a vector for the developmentи of the production of high-quality fish products

Attracting new raw material sources is based on the existing experience of using fish from the national internal and external water bodies in food, including seas, oceans, rivers, lakes and artificial reservoirs. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the conditions and create high-quality fish products for wide consumer demand based on paddlefish processed product. The object of the research is fresh and chilled American paddlefish grown in polyculture conditions together with silver carp for 2 years, as well as developed fish products produced in laboratory conditions. A generalization of the available information and the results of the research allow us to identify the paddlefish as a highly valuable raw material resource for the production of high-quality fish products. The paddlefish is a technologically advanced fish; it lacks scales, has small costal and intercostal bones and well-developed muscle tissue, and is able to increase the mass rapidly. Paddlefish meat and liver contain all the essential amino acids and biologically active substances. Therefore, these raw materials have significant potential in satisfying physiological needs of the body, and also have high digestibility at the level of 90 and 92%, respectively. The implementation of the developed optimization program has made it possible to create recipe-component solutions for new fish products: meat and fish cutlets, pate and canned food. In the course of determining the quality, nutritional and biological value, technological, consumer and quality advantages of the developed products, created on the basis of raw material combinations of pond fish cutting products grown in polyculture conditions have been established. Modified technological production schemes have been recommended and tested.

Methane emission reduction in China's natural gas industry: Construction of technology inventory and selection of optimal technology programs

Methane (CH4) is a potent yet short-lived greenhouse gas (GHG), and CH4 emissions from China's natural gas industry hinder its low-carbon and high-quality development. This paper addressed this challenge by compiling emission reduction technology inventory targeting CH4 emissions from process and vented within the natural gas industry. Using a multi-objective optimization model and the NSGA-II algorithm, various technology programs were generated to minimize both emissions and costs simultaneously. These programs underwent classification using quadrants and the osculating value method to identify optimal programs for emission reduction and cost-effectiveness. This paper examined 30 potential programs as samples for upstream and midstream. The study demonstrated that for decision-makers with preferences, this paper employed quadrant classification, categorizing all potential programs into three categories: “emission reduction,” “cost,” and “comprehensive.” This categorization met the demand preferences of different decision-makers. For decision-makers lacking specific preferences, the paper identified the best emission reduction technology programs under the current target using the osculating value method. Specifically, in the upstream, the most effective program achieved a 37.85 % reduction in emissions, highlighting “Reduced Emissions Completions for Hydraulically Fractured Gas Wells” as the critical technology. In the midstream, the best program achieved a reduction efficiency of 25.80 %, with “Replacing Wet Seals with Dry Seals in Centrifugal Compressors” contributing the most to emissions reduction. This study offers guidance and illuminating reference cases for the selection of CH4 emission reduction technologies within China's natural gas industry.

A Compositional Dissipativity Approach for Data-Driven Safety Verification of Large-Scale Dynamical Systems

This work is concerned with a <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">compositional data-driven approach</i> for formal safety verification of large-scale continuous-time dynamical systems with unknown models. The proposed framework enjoys the interconnection matrix and joint dissipativity-type properties of subsystems, described by the notion of <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stochastic storage certificates</i> . In the first part of the paper, we cast the required conditions for constructing storage certificates as a robust optimization program (ROP). Since the proposed ROP is not tractable due to the unknown model appearing in one of its constraints, we propose a scenario optimization program (SOP) corresponding to the original ROP by collecting finite numbers of data from trajectories of each subsystem. By establishing a probabilistic relation between the optimal value of SOP and that of ROP, we construct a storage certificate for each unknown subsystem based on the number of data and a required level of confidence. We accordingly propose a compositional technique based on <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dissipativity reasoning</i> to construct <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stochastic barrier certificates</i> of interconnected systems based on storage certificates of individual subsystems. By leveraging the acquired barrier certificate, we quantify a lower bound on the probability that an interconnected system never reaches a certain unsafe region in finite time horizons with an a-priori guaranteed confidence. We also propose an auxiliary compositional approach without requiring any compositionality condition but at the cost of providing a potentially conservative safety guarantee. In the second part of the paper, we propose our approaches for <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">deterministic</i> continuous-time systems with unknown dynamics. We verify our results over an unknown room temperature network containing 100 rooms.

A powerful heuristic method for generating efficient database systems

Heuristic functions are an integral part of MapReduce software, both in Apache Hadoop and Spark. If the heuristic function performs badly, the load in the reduce part will not be balanced and access times spike. To investigate this problem closer, we run an optimal database program with numerous different heuristic functions on database. We will leverage the Amazon elastic MapReduce framework. The paper investigates on general purpose, implementation, and evaluation of heuristic algorithm for generating optimal database system, checksum, and special heuristic functions. With the analysis, we present the corresponding runtime results. For the coding part, the records counting part is hasty and can only work for local Hadoop part, it can be debugged and optimized for general purpose implement on Hadoop and Spark and turn into an effective performance monitor tool. As mentioned before, there are strange issue, also the performance of BLAKE2s is unexpectedly slow in that it’s widely accepted the performance of BLAKE2s is much better than MD5 and SHA256, we would like to figure out why the common-sense performance of heuristics is deferent from what we got in distributed frameworks.

Cardiac Rehabilitation After Hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) carries a high burden of morbidity and mortality. Cardiac rehabilitation over the past century has developed as an important tool in treating and preventing future myocardial infarction events in this critical group. We summarize the rationale and literature evidence supporting the use of cardiac rehabilitation and its role in ACS patients, with an emphasis on its impact on outcomes following hospitalization. Current literature and large-scale reviews and registry analyses provide conflicting data on the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation after ACS, including its impact on mortality, readmission, and quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation is an important tool in the management ACS patients. It encompasses not only a graduated exercise regimen but also a holistic approach and is therefore best implemented as a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation strategy including, in addition to exercise regimen, psychosocial counseling, smoking cessation education, medication adherence, nutrition guidance, and other tools for risk modification. Further trials on the role of cardiac rehabilitation after ACS are needed, especially trials examining different cardiac rehabilitation protocols, time period for its implementation after ACS, and optimal program duration.

Development of ventilation and sound insulation materials by the multi-objective optimization

Natural ventilation-based houses in tropical countries often suffer from poor acoustic performance. To address this issue, we developed ventilation and sound-absorbing materials using a multi-objective optimization program. The program was developed to design test specimens that optimize the sum of the flow velocities of all elements of the divided cylindrical 3D model for sound-absorbing ability and the sum of the flow velocities in the bottom elements of the model for ventilation ability, with the objective of maximizing both. By outputting the specimens using a 3D printer, we were able to select materials suitable for the installation environment without requiring individual design changes. In this report, we focus on improving the sound insulation rate by refining the objective functions used to create the specimens. We measured the transmission loss using a self-made impedance tube and the 4mic method and verified the validity of our programming results by comparing them with those of laboratory experiments. Our approach has the potential to improve the acoustic performance of natural ventilation-based houses in tropical countries, making them more comfortable and conducive to living and working.

Managing ventricular arrhythmias and implantable cardiac defibrillator shocks after left ventricular assist device implantation.

Continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs) have been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity in patients with advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are common, are mostly secondary to underlying myocardial scar, and have a higher incidence in patients with pre-LVAD VA. Sustained VA is well tolerated in the LVAD patient but can result in implantable defibrillator (ICD) shocks, right ventricular failure, hospitalizations, and reduced quality of life. There is limited data regarding best practices for the medical management of VA as well as the role for procedural interventions in patients with uncontrolled VA and/or ICD shocks. Vast majority of CF-LVAD patients have a preexisting cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) and ICD and/or cardiac resynchronization therapies are continued in many. Several questions, however, remain regarding the efficacy of ICD and CRT following CF-LVAD. Moreover, optimal CIED programming after CF-LVAD implantation. Therefore, the primary objective of this review article is to provide the most up-to-date evidence and to provide guidance on the clinical significance, pathogenesis, predictors, and management strategies for VA and ICD therapies in the CF-LVAD population. We also discuss knowledge gaps as well as areas for future research.

Optimal nutrient solution management program for Cucumis melo L. growth by using a comprehensive evaluation method

Optimal nutrient solution management program for Cucumis melo L. growth by using a comprehensive evaluation method

Using the Personalized Advantage Index to determine which veterans may benefit from more vs. less comprehensive intensive PTSD treatment programs

ABSTRACT Background: Intensive PTSD treatment programs (ITPs) are highly effective but tend to differ greatly in length and the number of adjunctive services that are provided in conjunction with evidence-based PTSD treatments. Individuals’ treatment response to more or less comprehensive ITPs is poorly understood. Objective: To apply a machine learning-based decision-making model (the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI)), using clinical and demographic factors to predict response to more or less comprehensive ITPs. Methods: The PAI was developed and tested on a sample of 747 veterans with PTSD who completed a 3-week (more comprehensive; n = 360) or 2-week (less comprehensive; n = 387) ITP. Results: Approximately 12.32% of the sample had a PAI value that suggests that individuals would have experienced greater PTSD symptom change (5 points) on the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 in either a more- or less comprehensive ITP. For individuals with the highest 25% of PAI values, effect sizes for the amount of PTSD symptom change between those in their optimal vs. non-optimal programs was d = 0.35. Conclusions: Although a minority was predicted to have benefited more from a program, there generally was not a substantial difference in predicted outcomes. Less comprehensive and thus more financially sustainable ITPs appear to work well for most individuals with PTSD.

Enteral nutrition optimization program for children undergoing blood & marrow transplantation: A quality improvement project

BackgroundMalnutrition in children and young adults undergoing blood and marrow transplantation (BMT) increases morbidity and mortality. Addressing this via optimization of enteral nutrition can potentially improve outcomes. MethodsThis Quality Improvement project utilized pre-post-intervention design and post-intervention survey to evaluate a novel program optimizing enteral nutrition support in children undergoing BMT. All patients aged 0–18 who were admitted during the 16-week implementation period followed the Enteral Nutrition Optimization Program from pre-BMT through discharge. Data on biometric indicators, complications, and post-transplant milestone time markers were evaluated via Mann-Whitney U, Fisher's exact, and Chi-square tests as indicated using SPSS™ Version 27. A separate sample of clinical providers completed a post-intervention survey to evaluate the feasibility and acceptance of the intervention. FindingsSix patients received the intervention, with 12 patients evaluated. There were no statistical differences between groups on measured evaluations of weight loss (0.15 kg vs +0.4 kg, p = 0.39), malnutrition (2 vs 3, p = 0.545), graft-versus-host-disease (2 vs 2, p = 1), time to engraftment (platelets day 22 vs 20.5, p = 0.589), infections (p = 0.368), and length of stay (32.5 days vs 31 days, p = 1). The provider sample of 45 participants showed overall feasibility and acceptance of the intervention (88.9% agreed or strongly agreed). DiscussionFeasibility and acceptance were high, resulting in increased use of nasogastric and gastrostomy tubes. Though no clinical significance, interpretation is limited due to the small sample size. Practice implicationsImplementing a novel nutritional support program resulted in a culture shift towards enteral nutrition optimization. Further studies are needed to determine clinical impacts.

Parallelization of AMALGAM algorithm for a multi-objective optimization of a hydrological model

A calibration procedure is essential step to achieve a realistic model simulation particularly in hydrological model which simulates water cycle in the basin. This process is always faced with challenges due to selection of objective function and highly time-consuming. This study aimed to take advantage of parallel processing to accelerate the computations involved with simulation process of hydrologic model linked with the multi-objective optimization algorithm of AMALGAM for multi-site calibration of SWAT hydrologic model parameters. In order to illustrate how meaningful SWAT model calibration trade-off between the four objective functions involved in AMALGAM optimization program, the Pareto solution sets were provided. Furthermore, it is implemented a group of model runs with a number of cores involved (from one to eight) to demonstrate and evaluate the running of parallelized AMALGAM with taking advantages of “spmd” method to decrease the running time of the SWAT model. The results revealed the robustness of the method in reducing computational time of the parameter calibration significantly. This strategy with 4-objective functions focuses on high streamflow (Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient), low streamflow (Box–Cox transformed root–mean–square error), water balance (runoff coefficient error), and flashiness (slope of the flow duration curve error) provided an efficient tool to decide about the best simulation based on the investigated objective functions. This study also provides a strong basis for multi-objective optimization of hydrological and water quality models and its general analytical framework could be applied to other parts of the world.

Characterizing linearizable QAPs by the level-1 reformulation-linearization technique

The quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is an extremely challenging NP-hard combinatorial optimization program. Due to its difficulty, a research emphasis has been to identify special cases that are polynomially solvable. Included within this emphasis are instances which are linearizable; that is, which can be rewritten as a linear assignment problem having the property that the objective function value is preserved at all feasible solutions. Various known sufficient conditions for identifying linearizable instances have been explained in terms of the continuous relaxation of a weakened version of the level-1 reformulation-linearization-technique (RLT) form that does not enforce nonnegativity on a subset of the variables. Also, conditions that are both necessary and sufficient have been given in terms of decompositions of the objective coefficients. The main contribution of this paper is the identification of a relationship between polyhedral theory and linearizability that promotes a novel, yet strikingly simple, necessary and sufficient condition for identifying linearizable instances; specifically, an instance of the QAP is linearizable if and only if the continuous relaxation of the same weakened RLT form is bounded. In addition to providing a novel perspective on the QAP being linearizable, a consequence of this study is that every linearizable instance has an optimal solution to the (polynomially-sized) continuous relaxation of the level-1 RLT form that is binary. The converse, however, is not true so that the continuous relaxation can yield binary optimal solutions to instances of the QAP that are not linearizable. Another consequence follows from our defining a maximal linearly independent set of equations in the lifted RLT variable space; we answer a recent open question that the theoretically best possible linearization-based bound cannot improve upon the level-1 RLT form.

TRAINING ON THE APPLICATION OF KINESIOTAPING COMBINED WITH CONTRACT RELAX AS A PREVENTIVE AND REHABILITATIVE MEASURE FOR SPORTS INJURIES

The problems experienced by PPLP/D Papua athletes is sports injuries which limit athletes in running an optimal training program. The dense and heavy training program causes a tendency for sports injuries to occur. The purpose of this community service is to upgrade knowledge and skills on how to install kinesiotaping and contract relax as an effort to preventive and rehabilitative sports injuries. The method used is training with the flow of delivering material and demonstration. Population in this community service are PPLP/D Papua athletes with a total of 98 athletes. The sample used was 60 athletes from 12 sports. The results obtained are an increase in PPLP/D athletes' knowledge about kinesiotaping and contract relax, the dominant pretest results of the very low category 53 athletes (88.3%) become the dominant category of very high 19 athletes (31.7%), high category 18 athletes (30%), and medium category 18 athletes (30%). The results of the t test analysis (paired sample test) found the sig value (2-tailed) = 0.001 &lt;0.05. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the training provided has a positive impact on PPLP/D Papua athletes in terms of increasing knowledge about the application of kinesiotaping and contract relax as preventive and rehabilitative sports injuries.

Optimising the Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Patient Pathway

Cardiologists at four hospitals in Europe were interviewed on their experience with optimising the transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patient pathway through implementing the Edwards Benchmark Program (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, USA) in their centres. Insights were received from José Díaz, Head of the Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío, Seville, Spain; Franco De Remigis, Medical Director of the Haemodynamic Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Giuseppe Mazzini, Teramo, Italy; Rajiv Das, Consultant Interventional Cardiologist, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; and Christophe Saint Etienne, Interventional Cardiologist, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) de Tours, France. Feedback from four European countries illustrates how a patient-focused approach to optimising the TAVI pathway has the potential to improve the quality of care across different healthcare systems, and in hospitals with varying sizes of multidisciplinary heart team. A number of themes emerged. All hospitals reported improvements in patient pathways, including an increase in the number of TAVI cases (e.g., by 25–100%) after implementing the programme; reported reduced length of hospital stay (e.g., 80–90% of patients discharged within 3 days, compared with 5–10 days before the programme), with improved patient satisfaction; and recommended the implementation of a patient pathway optimisation programme, like the Edwards Benchmark Program, in order to address increasing capacity issues, and improve the quality of care. The interviews were conducted between April 2022–April 2023.

Pengembangan Model Governance Digital Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Operasional PLN

In this era of globalization, the development of technological systems greatly influences company business processes. E-Government is a solution to overcome the problems of a public service system which is known to be slow and expensive. This research aims to determine the development of the Digital Governance model to improve PLN's operational efficiency at PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Padang. The research method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation. The results of this research show the development of a digital governance model at PLN providing digital services known as PLN Mobile as well as other programs such as the Yantek Optimization program. In its implementation, of course these services have obstacles such as a lack of public understanding of existing technology. Therefore, PLN is overcoming this by providing counters at PLN service offices which are available 24 hours and the public can contact them by telephone at number 123.

Analysis of the Chinese government's subsidy programs to restore the pork supply chain: The case of African swine fever

Since African swine fever (ASF) was first detected in China in August 2018, it has killed more than one million pigs and caused pork prices to skyrocket. To address this, the Chinese government offers two farm subsidies: (i) the compulsory culling subsidy (CCS), which cushions losses from new outbreaks by compensating for pigs culled due to ASF, and (ii) the large-scale breeding subsidy (LBS), which maintains or increases farms’ breeding scales (BSs) by requiring a minimum BS. We develop a game-theoretic model to capture the underlying dynamics between the government and farms. In particular, farms have different production capacities and must decide their BSs under yield uncertainty due to possible new outbreaks. We analyze the optimal design of subsidy programs with an earmarked budget to maximize social welfare, and we examine the impacts on different stakeholders. Our analysis reveals several insights. First, the government should offer the CCS only if the budget is very constrained; otherwise, it should simultaneously offer the two subsidies and prioritize compensating farm losses by providing a good CCS. Second, the optimal subsidy programs can increase consumer surplus regardless of the budget, and programs with a small or large budget can make all farms better off. However, small- and moderate-scale farms (that do not enroll in the LBS) will be worse off under these programs with a moderate budget. Third, the optimal subsidy programs can create positive net social value that is nondecreasing in the budget; hence, a win-win-win situation can be achieved by establishing a sufficiently large budget for these programs. Finally, we calibrate our model using Chinese pig industry data and provide further insights into ASF subsidy programs.

Approximating Kolmogorov complexity

It is well known that the Kolmogorov complexity function (the minimal length of a program producing a given string, when an optimal programming language is used) is not computable and, moreover, does not have computable lower bounds. In this paper we investigate a more general question: can this function be approximated? By approximation we mean two things: firstly, some (small) difference between the values of the complexity function and its approximation is allowed; secondly, at some (rare) points the values of the approximating function may be arbitrary. For some values of the parameters such approximation is trivial (e.g., the length function is an approximation with error d except for a O ( 2 − d ) fraction of inputs). However, if we require a significantly better approximation, the approximation problem becomes hard, and we prove it in several settings. Firstly, we show that a finite table that provides good approximations for Kolmogorov complexities of n-bit strings, necessarily has high complexity. Secondly, we show that there is no good computable approximation for Kolmogorov complexity of all strings. In particular, Kolmogorov complexity function is neither generically nor coarsely computable, as well as its approximations, and the time-bounded Kolmogorov complexity (for any computable time bound) deviates significantly from the unbounded complexity function. We also prove hardness of Kolmogorov complexity approximation in another setting: the mass problem whose solutions are good approximations for Kolmogorov complexity function is above the halting problem in the Medvedev lattice. Finally, we mention some proof-theoretic counterparts of these results. A preliminary version of this paper was presented at CiE 2019 conference (In Computing with Foresight and Industry – 15th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2019, Durham, UK, July 15–19, 2019, Proceedings (2019) 230–239 Springer).