Engine Program Research Articles

Youth Services: Culture, Community, & Learning

The ALISE Youth Services Special Interest Group (SIG) presents a panel exploring the ways in which youth services in libraries empower youth and families and how youth programs address learning and incorporate culturally-relevant approaches. The session will begin with presentations of papers (15 minutes each) plus a themed question and answer portion to conclude. Attendees will be able to share their own experiences and work in progress on these topics in the discussion. Cahill, Joo, Minniear, LeFebvre, & Garcia will present “Math Talk in Public Library Virtual Storytime Programs.” This work presents an analysis of mathematics content integrated in public library virtual storytime programs. Cahill et al. characterize the mathematics environment of public library virtual storytime programs, discuss whether there are differences in the virtual storytime mathematics environment based on the population density of the community the library serves (i.e. urban, suburban, town, rural) and on library size. Preliminary findings suggest substantial differences in the amount of mathematics-related talk across virtual storytime programming for children. Kim, Choi, & Kang will present “Family Makers: A Culturally Relevant Online Engineering Programming for Youth Through Research-Practice Partnership with Public Library Professionals.” This work details research-practice partnership with seven rural libraries across the U.S using co-design and culturally-relevant pedagogy to develop the Family Makers program and strengthen library staff to deliver engineering learning opportunities. Kim et al. will discuss the importance of leveraging families’ cultural practices of making and forms of everyday sensemaking to design for family learning in engineering and highlight that rural library staff can support family learning in engineering by drawing on their personal experiences, relational knowledge, and non-engineering expertise as resources. Zalot will present “The kids are alright:” Understanding Youth Agency in Book Banning Discourse.” This presentation will discuss some of the factors influencing the absence of young people in book banning discourse and how social media operates as a means of access for young people in both book banning and political discourses. Youth services can nurture youth, community, and support learning and family connection. This presentation and the subsequent attendee discussion will explore the ways that the LIS field can work to address these and other community needs through excellent youth services.

Challenge-based learning applied with computer engineering students

Society demands professionals with technical and cognitive skills applicable in workplace contexts. Consequently, university students must be acquainted with issues linked to the professional sphere, and it is necessary that innovative teaching strategies such as Challenge-Based Learning (CBL) be implemented to enable students to acquire skills for the working world. The purpose of this research was to ascertain the perception that 32 Computer Engineering students had regarding the application of CBL during the fifth and sixth semesters of their education. To achieve this, students were tasked with solving a challenge that involved three subjects: databases, software engineering, and internet programming. A holistic approach was followed, and the research was descriptive. Data were collected through an instrument consisting of five open-ended questions, querying students about advantages, disadvantages, encountered difficulties, experiences, and suggestions regarding the implemented strategy. A qualitative analysis technique was applied to the comments provided by the students. The results highlighted expressions of resistance to change, teamwork, and product delivery time, as well as learning difficulties on topics enabling them to solve the challenge. They also expressed organizational difficulties for teamwork. Additionally, they indicated that collaboration necessitated better group communication to proceed with the challenge and provided them with insight into professional practice. The students suggested further implementation of such strategies, preferably with projects proposed by themselves.

Utilization of Google Earth to Identify Building Density

Land-use change is now common due to human activities, including economic, social, and cultural activities. Areas transforming for economic, social, and cultural purposes experience changes in land use, leading to a transition from green open spaces to buildings and resulting in hot daily surface temperatures due to a lack of vegetation. The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in built and non-built land in the Kartasura District. This study examines the relationship between surface temperature, vegetation, and building levels by using NDVI, NDBI, and ESG analysis, which is processed using the Google Earth Engine programming language. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a spatial approach, one of the approaches in the field of geography. The spatial approach in this study is more emphasized on spatial process analysis. The results indicate that there is a correlation between high surface temperature and low vegetation density, as well as high building density.

Changing Classroom Ecology to Support Continued Engineering Enrollment

Engineering requires more bachelor’s degree graduates to meet the growing demand for engineering skills globally. One way to address this demand is increasing student degree completion, which is lower than higher education in general. In particular, Black, Latino/a/x, and Indigenous (BLI) students are less likely to complete an engineering degree than their peers. BLI students experience a host of unwelcoming behaviors in engineering environments that contribute to departure without their intended degree. Improving environments to support belonging may offer one solution. Through an ecological belonging intervention, we seek to improve continued enrollment and increase belonging. Quasi-experimental methods were used in a second-semester engineering programming course. Surveys collected before and after an intervention combined with institutional data were used to test the moderation effects of the intervention on continued enrollment in engineering during the semester following the intervention. BLI students who were enrolled in intervention treatment sections were more likely to be enrolled in engineering the following fall. The intervention treatment increased belonging such that control section participants were less likely to continue to be enrolled in engineering. While research to assess the efficacy and mechanisms of the intervention is ongoing, the intervention offers promising results to address attrition, particularly for BLI students.

Systematic RPG Development Maximizes Player Engagement in Global Context

This study presents the systematic development of an Adventure RPG game titled "Tomorrow Will Come" using the ADDIE method, aiming to enhance understanding of RPG game development. Leveraging the Godot Engine and GDscript programming language, the research follows the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. Feedback from beta testers highlights positive gameplay experiences but suggests room for improvement, particularly in gameplay difficulty. The findings underscore the significance of iterative design and player feedback in refining game mechanics. Overall, this research contributes to advancing RPG game development methodologies and emphasizes the importance of innovation and user-centric design in creating compelling gaming experiences. Highlight: 1. ADDIE method enhances structured RPG game development. 2. Player feedback refines mechanics, enhancing overall quality. 3. Godot Engine innovates technical aspects, prioritizing user-centric design. Keyword: RPG game development, ADDIE method, Godot Engine, Player feedback, Iterative design

The Selection of Optimal Gas Production Rate using Dynamic Reservoir Simulation in Field X

Indonesian government has targeted a gas production rate of 12 BSCFD by 2030 to balance the energy demands and the carbon emission reduction. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive evaluation of a gas field will be carried out regarding Recovery Factor, Stable Production Period (Plateau Time), Total Production Period, and Profits using simulation programme. Dynamic Reservoir Simulation is an integrated field development simulation that combines physics, mathematics, reservoir engineering, and computer programming to analyze and predict the wells performance or how fluid flows through reservoir rocks to the surface over time under various operating conditions. There are stages in the simulation include Reservoir Model Creation, Initialization, History Matching, and Production Performance Forecasting. This research is a continuation of static reservoir modeling research done by LEMIGAS, which started by reinitializing the model and ended by forecasting the production performance of field X using several gas production flowrate scenarios to find out the optimal gas production flowrate for Field X in ten years period. The simulation result showed that the best gas production flowrate for a ten-year period is 3 mmscfd. It gives 78,505% recovery factors, with cumulative profit of $40,915,872 USD over a plateau period of 6.6 years.

The Making of an Data Pipeline

This paper details the development and implementation of a data engineering pipeline designed for the extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) of data from a web-based directory. The project involves using asynchronous web scraping techniques to gather user details from a local business directory, transforming the data into a structured format, and loading it into a storage solution. The pipeline utilises Python, the HTTPX library for asynchronous HTTP requests, BeautifulSoup for HTML parsing, and Amazon S3 for data storage. By leveraging these technologies, the pipeline demonstrates an efficient approach to handling large-scale web data extraction and processing, significantly reducing the time required to gather and organise data from multiple web pages. This paper provides insights into the architecture, implementation, and performance of the ETL pipeline, highlighting the benefits and challenges of using asynchronous programming in data engineering.

In silico model development and optimization of in vitro lung cell population growth.

Tissue engineering predominantly relies on trial and error in vitro and ex vivo experiments to develop protocols and bioreactors to generate functional tissues. As an alternative, in silico methods have the potential to significantly reduce the timelines and costs of experimental programs for tissue engineering. In this paper, we propose a methodology to formulate, select, calibrate, and test mathematical models to predict cell population growth as a function of the biochemical environment and to design optimal experimental protocols for model inference of in silico model parameters. We systematically combine methods from the experimental design, mathematical statistics, and optimization literature to develop unique and explainable mathematical models for cell population dynamics. The proposed methodology is applied to the development of this first published model for a population of the airway-relevant bronchio-alveolar epithelial (BEAS-2B) cell line as a function of the concentration of metabolic-related biochemical substrates. The resulting model is a system of ordinary differential equations that predict the temporal dynamics of BEAS-2B cell populations as a function of the initial seeded cell population and the glucose, oxygen, and lactate concentrations in the growth media, using seven parameters rigorously inferred from optimally designed in vitro experiments.

An Instrument to Evaluate 4-H Cloverbud STEM Programming

Evaluation data is needed to demonstrate the impact of 4-H science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programming on children and youth. However, collecting evaluation data from cloverbuds (ages 5-7) is particularly challenging given their developmental age. We adapted an observational Cloverbud evaluation tool to measure basic life skills, essential elements of positive youth development experiences, and, unique to this tool, STEM specific experiences. We developed the STEM items using educational science standards allowing Extension to document STEM in addition to youth development outcomes. Doing so, may increase the adoption of 4-H STEM programming by teachers in the school setting.

Virtual reality as a tool to enhance the efficiency and reliability of the virtual reconstruction process for heritage/archaeological sites: The case of umm Al-Jimal in Jordan

The growing attention towards reconstruction, driven by its potential to promote sustainable heritage preservation, is impacted by a shortage of the data, sources, and interpretive methods employed in virtual reconstruction. Consequently, the public (individuals and reviewers/Professionals) faces challenges in determining between the original elements and the added elements, in addition to identifying the origin of the new elements. Despite researchers' efforts to implement virtual reality as a solution, its effectiveness is constrained to the end outcome due to the lack of integration of reconstruction information. A set of factors contribute to the challenge of incorporating interactive information into virtual reality, including the researcher's expertise in virtual reality software and the deterministic nature of the C programming language. This necessitates the development of more user-friendly methods to support researchers in reducing the shortage and limitations. As a result, the study aims to develop a method for simplifying the process of transferring virtual reconstruction operations to virtual reality and test its efficiency through interviews with individuals and reviewers/Professionals. This is accomplished through the integration of virtual reconstruction steps with the Unreal Engine program, which serves as a virtual reality platform and is easier to program than Unity which is more prevalent in heritage research. The findings delivered a more efficient approach to collecting diverse sources and integrating them into one platform simply. This approach also facilitates direct communication between reviewers/Professionals and researchers, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the reconstruction peer review process. Furthermore, the utilization of virtual reality has played an important role in enhancing comprehension between what is the origin and added, as well as facilitating the validation of the rebuilding procedure among individuals and reviewers/Professionals.

Analysis of system parameters in a microprocessor performance model of a swarm of agricultural spraying UAVs

The article develops a method for analyzing system parameters in a microprocessor performance model of a swarm of agricultural spraying UAVs. It is shown that the use of models for assessing the efficiency of UAV operation at various stages of the life cycle is possible on the basis of unified approaches to constructing a network model of UAV transport and technological cycles. The microprocessor performance model proposed by the authors provides a search for optimal solutions based on engineering programming approaches. Analysis of the influence of system parameters on the main criterion that determines the microprocessor performance of the system is performed based on a number of assumptions regarding the correspondence of predicted and actual parameter values. The main directions in modeling the microprocessor performance of UAVs are identified, for which sensitivity analysis of system parameters is the most important.

More than Just the Facts: Contributions of Subject Matter Experts to Out-of-School Time Youth Programs

Background Out-of-school time (OST) science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) programming has positive impacts for youth, and the importance of engineering design activities and principles within STEM programming is well-supported by research. Including subject matter experts (SMEs) in these programs enriches the experience of youth participants. Public libraries are widely accessible to the public, and their role in the OST arena is expanding. Library staff can boost the quality of STEM learning experiences by partnering with SMEs. Purpose Subject matter experts (SME) contribute more than just their expertise. Between 2018 and 2019, a group of diverse professional engineers and librarians co-facilitated engineering activities at six U.S. libraries serving traditionally underserved populations. This study investigates the alignment in active learning preferences between youth, library staff, and professional engineer volunteers. Method The study’s design implemented the Framework for the Observation and Categorization of Instructional Strategies (FOCIS), which identifies seven different types of learning activities: collaborating, competing, performing, discovering, making, teaching, and caretaking. The FOCIS helped researchers evaluate the learning activity preferences of youth participants, engineers, and librarians. Results The analysis showed that the learning activity preferences of youth and engineers were much more closely aligned than those of librarians. Conclusions Alignment between youth-program participants and SME program facilitators has the potential to enrich the program experience and foster active engagement.

An Ensemble Modeling Approach to Enhance Grade Prediction in Academic Engineering Programming Courses

Predicting the future academic grades of students can play a pivotal role in enhancing their performance in specific courses, consequently yielding a positive impact on their prospective academic, professional, and personal achievements, as well as on society at large. The field of programming is rapidly gaining prominence as an essential profession spanning multiple domains, marked by abundant opportunities and financial rewards. To cater to the diverse interests of students, the recommended curriculum structure for engineering programs in computing adeptly combines theoretical knowledge with practical programming skills. This approach ensures that students acquire a comprehensive understanding of programming courses, allowing them to choose the path that aligns best with their envisioned careers as programmers This research endeavors to introduce ensemble prediction techniques aimed at identifying students who exhibit the potential for advancement, or conversely, those who may not excel in four university-level programming courses. The outcomes of this study are presented alongside valuable performance assessment metrics for five ensemble methodologies, namely AdaBoost, Bagging, Random Forest, Stacking, and Voting. This evaluation employs a 10-fold cross-validation methodology and incorporates the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for feature ranking. The results unequivocally demonstrate that both the Stacking and Random Forest ensemble approaches have attained the highest level of accuracy when applied to two distinct datasets.

Examining Oral Communication Skills in Communication Training Programs for STEM Professionals: A Systematic Quantitative Literature Review

This study conducted a systematic quantitative literature review to examine the characteristics of communication training programs for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) professionals and their overall impacts related to improving participants’ oral communication skills. Sixteen studies were identified and included in the analysis. Results demonstrate an overall positive effect of communication training programs on the oral communication skills of STEM professionals and highlight the need for integrating theoretical frameworks, using multiple methodological approaches, and incorporating validated measures into the evaluation of training programs. These findings provide meaningful insights for future research and practice in the training and development subfield of STEM communication.

Reviews

An Introduction to Python Programming for Scientists and Engineers, by Johnny Wei-Bing Lin, Hannah Aizenman, Erin Manette Cartas Espinel, Kim Gunnerson, and Joanne Liu, 2022.

Development of an industrial robot based automated assembly system

Nowadays, industrial robots are increasingly being used in all areas of human life. For each specific application, it requires students the knowledges of mechanical design, electrical engineering and motion programming. This paper presents the steps to build a model of an automated industrial robot that installs RAM modules on a mainboard of computer for educational purposes at the University of Transport Technology. The assembly system using a 6 degrees of freedom industrial robot with the type of KUKA KR6 R900-2 helps student to practice their thinking to design systems, self problem-solving skills.

"In the back of my mind": A Longitudinal Multiple Case Study Analysis of Successful Black Women Biomedical Graduate Students Navigating Gendered Racism.

Black women in graduate school can experience stress due to blatant and subtle acts of gendered racism. However, we do not know how such stressors are navigated over time among those who successfully complete their PhDs. The current study used a Black feminist thought framework and narrative analysis to conduct a longitudinal exploration of how three successful Black women biomedical graduate students make sense of and respond to gendered racism they experienced and the coping strategies they employ as they persist. When interacting with others, the women experienced low expectations and doubts about being legitimate scientists. These experiences contributed to feelings of isolation, impacted their networking opportunities, and dampened their view of the desirability of an academic career postgraduation. Over time, their coping strategies for dealing with negative racial and gendered racial stereotypes and biases shifted from opting to "prove others wrong" or working harder, to leaning on their social networks for camaraderie and advice as well as choosing to not exert energy to form a response. Implications for mentoring and mentoring programs at the graduate level and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics programming are discussed.

The Trend of Bypass Ratio in Aero Engines: An Overview

The demand for turbofan engines for civil aviation is increasing continuously as the air transportation system is changing exponentially. Large and long-haul flight have raised the demand on high thrust engines. But at the same time, focus on fuel efficiency of the engines and control on exhaust gas emissions and noise are increasing keeping in mind the economy and environmental considerations. International Civil Aviation Organization has promulgated the emission and noise levels for civil turbofan engines and making it more and more stringent day by day. This has made an increasing trend of engine bypass ratio to address the fuel efficiency and the noise level of the engine. On the other hand, combat aircraft need to have high ‘g’ manoeuvrability, a faster response to throttle adjustment and high thrust-weight ratio thus preferring a low-bypass ratio world-wide. This paper covers the history of turbofan engines staring from its inception and presents the trend of bypass ratio in aero engines for both transport and combat aircraft. The paper also highlights the current developments and upcoming ultra-high bypass turbofan engine programs along with aircraft noise standards.

Historical lessons of the Orion and NERVA projects: Managing public opinion and political uncertainty in space programs

This publication examines the history of Project Orion and NERVA nuclear engine program within the Integrated Program Plan, the technical reasons for their study, their progress, and the political reasons for their cancellation. Whether pulsed or thermal, nuclear propulsion offers the best compromise in efficiency and thrust for the propulsion of future manned missions. Project Orion was born in the mind of Stanislaw Ulam, an atomic physicist who had worked on the Manhattan project. Despite theoretical performances superior to anything conceivable even with current technologies, and despite the mobilisation of some of the most brilliant physicists of the time (Freeman Dyson), the project was killed by the Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water (Moscow, 5 August 1963). The Integrated Program Plan was Wernher von Braun's proposal to the Space Task Group (STG), chaired by Vice President Spiro Agnew, for the continuation of the Apollo program. This plan envisaged a lunar base in the 1970s, and a first manned mission to Mars in the early 1980s. All of this would have been powered by nuclear-powered orbital shuttles, using NERVA, a nuclear engine tested and operational since 1968. Here again, even though it performed better than anything else in the world, even today, the project failed politically. This retrospective publication therefore aims to answer the following question: How can nuclear space programs of today and tomorrow be protected from the uncertainties of this influence?The study of propulsion systems is very often left to engineers, and political and public relations issues to politicians. However, every technology is the result of a political system, and has a strategic impact, which is a subject for social and political sciences. That's why this paper adopts an original approach crossing social sciences through the historical study of decision-making dynamics, and engineering through the study of the technical characteristics of the projects involved. This publication is based on declassified technical reports, testimonies of the personalities of the time, and a document from the archives of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library. History can be the academic bridge between political and technical studies. In a context of resurgence of nuclear propulsion projects throughout the world, such an approach is now necessary both at the historical level and in terms of political decisions making. Indeed, space programs involving nuclear energy are, by nature, at the crossroads of public relations issues very specific to both space and atomic subjects.

Review on Software Technology

Abstract: Software technology is the term employed to describe the assortment of instruments, approaches, and procedures used in the creation, upkeep, and deployment of software systems. It covers a wide range of topics, including testing methods, software engineering principles, databases, frameworks, libraries, and programming languages. Programming languages are one of the major components of software technology. Different programming languages provide varying degrees of functionality and abstraction, enabling programmers to construct code for certain goals. In addition to many others, popular programming languages include Java, Python, C++, and JavaScript. These languages are always changing to accommodate brand-new features and improvements as well as adapt to shifting requirements