Program For Parents Of Children Research Articles

Level of Coping Mechanisms of Parents of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) stands as a formidable neurodevelopmental challenge, exerting profound impacts on a child’s academic, social, and familial spheres. Parents of children grappling with ADHD find themselves immersed in a multifaceted struggle, not only contending with the day-to-day management of their child’s symptoms but also grappling with societal preconceptions surrounding the disorder. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of coping mechanisms of parents of children with ADHD in private schools in a highly urbanized city in Central Philippines for the School Year 2023-2024. This study used a descriptive research design. This study used the validated and trial-tested self-made questionnaire to gather data from the thirty-three parents of children with ADHD. The instrument yielded a validity index of 4.51 and a reliability index of 0.845. The coping mechanisms covered three areas: Emotion-focused, problem-focused, and avoidance-focused strategies. Overall, the level of coping mechanisms of parents was high. Subsequent analysis indicated no significant difference in the level of coping mechanisms of parents of children with ADHD. The study underscores the importance of comprehensive support programs for parents of children with ADHD. These programs should go beyond addressing behavioral issues and incorporate emotional well-being and problem-solving strategies. Through workshops or support groups, parents could learn relaxation techniques to manage stress, communication strategies to foster positive interactions, and positive behavior management techniques. By equipping parents with a diverse range of coping mechanisms, they become empowered to effectively navigate the challenges of ADHD and create a nurturing and supportive environment for their child’s overall development. Keywords: Coping Mechanisms, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD, Parents

A Systematic Review of Early General Parenting Interventions: Long-term Effects in Underrepresented Populations and Implications for Obesity Prevention.

While some parenting interventions designed for early-life obesity prevention have demonstrated short-term success, there is limited evidence of longer-term impacts and feasibility with underrepresented populations. The goal of this review was to examine existing general parenting programs for parents of children 0-5years that were not designed to target obesity but investigated long-term effects on parenting and/or were conducted with underrepresented populations to offer recommendations for the modification or development of parenting-focused obesity prevention programs. Most studies with sustained impacts on parenting in underrepresented populations were brief, group-based programs for parents of children 2-5years. Many effective interventions included guided practice of skills and cultural adaptations. Unique intervention approaches included remote or school-based delivery models and motivational interviewing. Brief, group-based programs for parents of young children may be a promising approach to achieving longer-term impacts of parenting interventions on obesity risk among underrepresented populations.

Examining the impact and implementation of the ENabling VISions And Growing Expectations (ENVISAGE) program in Croatia: a discourse analysis pilot study

Purpose To explore the impact of the online ENVISAGE program for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) on parents’ perception of themself, their child with a disability, and their family, as well as to explore experiences of participating in the program in Croatia. Methods In this before-after discourse analysis study, participants took part in the five-week ENVISAGE program. There were two semi-structured interviews for each participant: within one month before and after participating in the program. The proportions of positive, neutral, and negative sentences about themself, their child, and their family from two interviews were compared on an individual and group level. The perceived changes and experiences with the program were also analyzed qualitatively. Results Data from thirteen participants were included. From the three pre-determined discourse categories (self, child, and family), most changes were observed in parents’ perception of self (average increase in positive views of 8.8% and decrease in negative of 5.3%). Qualitative results showed multiple positive self-perceived impacts on parents’ lives. Participants’ experiences with ENVISAGE were consistently positive; all believed they benefited from the program. Conclusions The results support our assumption that participation in ENVISAGE positively affects multiple areas of life, particularly parents’ views of themself.

The Development of an Orientation and Mobility Program for Parents of Children with Visual Impairment

The ability of orientation and mobility (O&M) in children with visual impairment was still very low, so the dependence on sighted people was very high and this limited the activities of children with visual impairment themselves. On the other hand, the parents of these children did not have the ability on O&M and thus face difficulties in teaching their children to develop their O&M at home. Therefore, it was important to have an operational guideline to provide help for parents in teaching their children to be independent. The purpose of this study is to formulate a program for parents on how to teach O&M to their children. The study was carried out using the qualitative approach with the case study strategy; the in-depth interview, direct observation, participant observation, and documentation, were used to collect the data, and the O&M Attribute Checklist was adapted from Perkins Freedom Mobility LLC (2014) was used to portray the O&M competence profile of the parents. The subjects of this study were parents of children with visual impairment. The result of this study is in the form of a program formulation that was developed based on the analysis of assessment and field needs, including objectives, materials, methods, implementation procedures, and evaluations. The conclusion is that through the program guidelines that have been formulated, it is hoped that parents have the competence and will be easier to teach their children’s O&M skills so that children develop optimally. The implication is that families must be consistent in following the designed program guidelines.

Психообразователни програми за повишаване на родителския капацитет за рефлексия и саморефлексия – систематичен обзор

Psychoeducational programs to enhance reflective parental capacity are among the main prevention and intervention strategies for parents of children with behavioural and emotional problems. The objectives of the present systematic literature review are: 1) to identify evidence-based psychoeducational programs for parents of children over three years of age that aim to increase parental capacity for reflection and self-reflection; 2) to describe the characteristics and outcomes of these programs on parameters of parental functioning, parent-child relationships, and children's behaviours. This systematic review follows the protocol for systematic review (PRISMA-P). In four of the studied programs, there are data on a significant increase in the ability to reflect, in two of them - on a reduction in parental stress, and in the others, tendencies are reported. Direct comparison between programs is impossible due to differences in research design.

A Pilot Study of a Family Management Program for Parents of Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

ObjectivesThe aim of this completed pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a family management program (FMP) for parents of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Data SourcesA convenience sample of 11 parents of preschool-aged children with ALL were recruited from an ambulatory chemotherapy-care clinic at a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Participants received three FMP sessions over 3 weeks. The FMP is based on two established family programs (ie, FMP-style framework and building on family strengths) and reviewed literature. The following measures were used to evaluate parents’ responses at baseline, postintervention, and follow-up: Family Management Measure, Beach-Center Family Quality-of-Life Scale, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Data were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. ConclusionThe study results provide promising evidence that the FMP is feasible and improves family management and quality of life for parents of enrolled children with ALL. Implications for Nursing PracticeEducating pediatric oncology nurses and other healthcare professionals to replicate the FMP may help to provide better family management, and child quality of life support to future parents and other family members of young children diagnosed with ALL. This support should focus on educating parents about the potential effects of caring for a child with ALL on the family and fostering positive relationships within the family and offering guidance on effective family communications and decision-making processes.

Effects of an online mindfulness-based program for parents of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot, mixed methods study.

Online mindfulness-based program (MBP) for parents and families especially in clinical population is limited. Engagement and significant dropout are major issues in MBP implementation. This pilot study examined the effects of an online mindfulness-based program (MBP) on parents of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A mixed methods study was applied to evaluate the effects of the MBP. A total of 43 parents were recruited and were randomly assigned into intervention group and waitlist control group. The online MBP lasted for 28 days, including 20 psychoeducation videos, homework audio guidance, and four instructor-led online group meetings. Purposive sampling was used to recruit parents who completed the program to share their experiences and suggestions for improving the program in semi-structured online interviews. Quantitative data showed that participants from the online MBP reported a medium to large effect on the reduction of child ADHD symptoms. In semi-structured interviews, participants reported positive experiences in their help seeking intention, and personal changes, such as emotion regulation and quality attention to their children. Participants further made suggestions for improvement. The effect of online MBP is promising, and the program should be conducted. A large scale randomized controlled trial should be conducted to investigate the effects of MBP in clinical populations. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05480423.

Using Implementation Research to Inform Scaling of Parenting Programs: Independently Conducted Case Studies from Zambia and Bhutan.

Two case studies of parenting programs for parents of children 0 to 36 months of age, developed and implemented by Save the Children/Ministry of Health/Khesar Gyalpo University in Bhutan and UNICEF Zambia, were conducted by an independent research group. The focus was on how program delivery and scale-up were revised on the basis of feedback from implementation research. Feedback on workforce delivery quality was based on observations of deliveries using a monitoring form, as well as survey and interview data collected from the workforce. In-depth interviews with the resource team during the fourth year of implementation revealed how the feedback was used to address horizontal and vertical scaling. Delivery quality was improved in some cases by revising the delivery manual, offering refresher courses, and instituting regular monitoring. Scaling challenges in Zambia included slow progress with regard to reaching families in the two districts, which they addressed by trialing group sessions, and stemming workforce attrition. The challenges in Bhutan were low attendance and reducing the workload of providers. Vertical scaling challenges for both countries concerned maintaining demand through continuous advocacy at community and government levels to sustain financing and to show effectiveness in outcomes.

The physical and psychosocial benefits of a family judo program for parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A pilot study

BackgroundParents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) tend to have high levels of stress and poor health habits. There is a lack of interventions that focus on improving health outcomes in parents of children with ASD. ObjectiveTo examine the physical and psychosocial effects of a family-based judo program on parents of children diagnosed with ASD. MethodsThis study utilized a pre-post single group design. Eighteen parent-child dyads participated in a 14-week judo program for families of children with ASD. Judo sessions were held once a week for 45 min. Parents wore wrist accelerometers to assess physical activity/sleep quality, and completed surveys regarding self-reported stress levels pre- and post-judo. Parents also completed open-ended questions regarding their experience in the program. Paired sample t-tests were conducted to examine changes in stress, physical activity, and sleep quality from pre-to post-program. ResultsBoth a decrease in parental stress (47.77 vs. 41.61, p < 0.01) and an increase in minutes per day of physical activity (35.49 vs 45.94, p = 0.002) were observed from baseline to post-program. Fourteen of the 18 parents (78 %) reported at least one psychosocial benefit (e.g. increased self-confidence) or physical health benefit (e.g. increased physical activity) from participation in the program. ConclusionsA family judo program may provide health benefits, such as reducing stress levels and increasing physical activity in parents of children with ASD. Further research involving larger sample sizes is necessary to better determine the effects of judo on both parents and their children with ASD.

Capacity-Building Program for Parents of Children with SEN: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose: This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Strategies and Skill Learning and Development of Parent Capacity-Building Program in improving the parenting capacity of Chinese parents of children with special educational needs. Method: A total of 109 parents (mean age = 38.60 years old) were randomized into either an intervention or waitlist control group using block randomization. Results: The intervention group experienced significant improvements in parenting stress and parenting style when compared to the control group. The pooled analyses indicated that parents exhibited significant improvements in all outcome measures from pre- to post-intervention, and these improvements were sustained or further enhanced at the two-month follow-up. Moreover, the qualitative data further validated the program’s effectiveness, with participants reporting increased self-efficacy and decreased parental stress because of their participation. Discussion: This study highlights the potential of incorporating in vivo practice in parenting programs to empower parents to translate their knowledge into practice.

Effectiveness of Distance Educational Programs for parents of children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder: an integrative review.

to analyze the scientific literature on distance education programs for parents/caregivers in the development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). the PICO strategy was used to identify the research problem. The databases Medline, ERIC, LILACs, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched using specific descriptors and free terms. There were no restrictions on time or language. Articles on online educational programs for parents of children with ASD were selected, focusing on the impact of these programs on the development of children up to six years old. studies were selected based on standard eligibility criteria, including full-text reading after initial screening using the RAYYAN software. Primary studies such as clinical trials and systematic reviews evaluating distance education programs for parents of children with ASD were included. the RAYYAN software was used for initial study selection. Articles were hierarchically organized based on title and abstract, followed by full-text reading to apply eligibility criteria. the initial search yielded 1019 articles, of which 192 were identified as duplicates. After initial screening and full-text reading, 37 articles were analyzed, of which six were deemed eligible to answer the research question. Among the eligible studies, one was a systematic review and five were experimental studies. Experimental studies highlighted positive impacts on areas such as daily routines, behavioral flexibility, and communication. The systematic review provided preliminary evidence that distance education programs for parents can enhance knowledge about ASD, increase adherence to interventions, and foster the development of social and communication skills in children. the findings suggest that remote parent guidance programs may effectively improve knowledge about ASD, increase parent adherence to interventions, and promote the development of social and communication skills in children with ASD.

Eficácia de Programas Educativos à Distância para pais de crianças com diagnóstico de Transtorno do Espectro Autista: uma revisão integrativa

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the scientific literature on distance education programs for parents/caregivers in the development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Research Method the PICO strategy was used to identify the research problem. The databases Medline, ERIC, LILACs, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched using specific descriptors and free terms. There were no restrictions on time or language. Articles on online educational programs for parents of children with ASD were selected, focusing on the impact of these programs on the development of children up to six years old. Selection Criteria studies were selected based on standard eligibility criteria, including full-text reading after initial screening using the RAYYAN software. Primary studies such as clinical trials and systematic reviews evaluating distance education programs for parents of children with ASD were included. Data Analysis the RAYYAN software was used for initial study selection. Articles were hierarchically organized based on title and abstract, followed by full-text reading to apply eligibility criteria. Results the initial search yielded 1019 articles, of which 192 were identified as duplicates. After initial screening and full-text reading, 37 articles were analyzed, of which six were deemed eligible to answer the research question. Among the eligible studies, one was a systematic review and five were experimental studies. Experimental studies highlighted positive impacts on areas such as daily routines, behavioral flexibility, and communication. The systematic review provided preliminary evidence that distance education programs for parents can enhance knowledge about ASD, increase adherence to interventions, and foster the development of social and communication skills in children. Conclusion the findings suggest that remote parent guidance programs may effectively improve knowledge about ASD, increase parent adherence to interventions, and promote the development of social and communication skills in children with ASD.

Development of a theory-based family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases: A Delphi study

BackgroundLong-term illness exposes children with chronic diseases to a high risk of deterioration of physical and mental health. Developing an effective family resilience intervention program is a critical concern. ObjectiveTo develop a theory-based family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases and provide a reference for clinical intervention. MethodsA two-phased research design, guided by the Walsh family resilience process model, was employed to develop the intervention program. In phase 1, a scoping literature review was conducted to identify the possible elements of family resilience interventions. In phase 2, a three-round Delphi survey was conducted with experts (n = 14) using an online electronic survey to obtain their consensus on the intervention content. ResultsThree main components were identified: (1) strengthening family beliefs, (2) adjusting the family organization pattern, and (3) improving the family communication process. And 8 modules were developed: “introducing adversity and family resilience”, “finding and strengthening positive family beliefs, and building confidence to live with the disease”, “analyzing and adjusting family structure”, “assisting families to increase and utilizing internal and external resources”, “optimizing communication skills”, “strengthening collaborative problem-solving capacity”, “enhancing the family narrative ability”, and “enhancing emotional expression”. After 3-round Delphi, the findings indicated that the intervention program is applicable and feasible for parents of children with chronic diseases in China. ConclusionThe principal merit of this study lies in the development of a family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases. The intervention's usability and efficacy should be investigated in future studies. Implications to practiceDeveloping a family resilience intervention program is a critical first step toward providing effective care for parents of children with chronic diseases, and evaluating the program's feasibility and suitability in the target population is warranted.

The mediation effect of mental resilience between stress and coping style among parents of children with cochlear implants: Cross-sectional study

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the relationship of stress, mental resilience, and coping style, and the mediation effect of mental resilience between stress and coping style among parents of children with cochlear implants. Design and methodsA cross-sectional design was used. A total of 231 parents of children with cochlear implants were recruited from May 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023 at a comprehensive tertiary hospital and a cochlear implant rehabilitation center in China. Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ) were used to measure stress, mental resilience, and coping style respectively. ResultsThe mean score observed for PSI-SF, CD-RISC, active coping, and passive coping was 87.85 ± 24.59, 55.63 ± 16.11, 21.36 ± 6.73, and 9.05 ± 4.52, respectively.Mental resilience was a significant mediator explaining the effect of stress on active coping (β = −0.294; 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI: −0.358 to −0.164). ConclusionsAttention should be paid to the status of stress, mental resilience and coping style in parents of children with cochlear implants. Mental resilience mediated stress and coping style. Practice implicationsThis study provides a theoretical basis for establishing an active coping care program for parents of children with cochlear implants. There is a need to identify strategies that can help increase the level of mental resilience of parents of children with cochlear implants and more subjective and objective social support should be provided to reduce their stress and to encourage active coping style.

Knowledge and belongingness: experiences of a programme for parents of children with autism

ABSTRACT Background Whilst lack of social support has been associated with stress for parents of children with autism, group programmes for parents which bring together those with similar experiences and provide learning and resources can offer a form of social support. Although studies of such programmes suggest positive outcomes, including in terms of children’s adaptive behaviour, research examining parental perspectives on interventions that set out specifically to provide support to reduce stress in parents of children with autism is still scarce. Purpose Set in a Swedish context, the aim was to investigate whether a group education programme for parents of children with autism could be viewed as a site of informal social support and considered fertile ground for procuring social capital. Method Participants were parents of children who had been given an autism diagnosis at around three years of age. They had all taken part in a group education programme designed to facilitate experience-sharing in meetings between parents. The parents were interviewed about their experiences and perceptions of its influence on their everyday lives. Data were analysed qualitatively, using a Community of Practice lens. Findings The in-depth analysis indicated that, according to participants, the programme had helped alleviate feelings of isolation and improve parenting confidence. The findings speak to the importance of personal investment for knowledge acquisition and implementation, demonstrating the connections between the acquisition of social capital and membership of a Community of Practice. Conclusion Building on previous research emphasising the role of social support for the quality of life for parents of children with autism, the study highlights how a parental group education programme can represent a valuable social setting which is conducive for learning and resource procurement. Knowledge and belongingness in a social community – which enables access to, and sharing of, resources – are both of crucial relevance to outcomes and quality of life for families.

Group-based parent training programme for children with neurological conditions: a feasibility study

Objective and designThis study aimed to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a parent training programme for parents of children with neurological conditions and behaviours that challenge.SettingChild and adolescent mental...

A Challenge for Parents? Understanding The Needs of a Psychoeducational Program for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disorder with a high prevalence and continues to increase from time to time. ASD is still considered a taboo and a scourge. Whereas ASD is not a disease, but a disorder characterized by a decrease in the quality of individuals in social interactions, communication skills, and repetitive interests and behaviors. Due to the increasing prevalence of ASD and the lack of available information, this study seeks to explore the need for whether a parental assistance program is needed when dealing with a diagnosis of ASD in their child. The research method used in this research is qualitative. Researchers involved 6 participants consisting of 2 parents of children diagnosed with ASD, 2 parents of children with typical development, and 2 therapists who have treated children with special. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The findings in this study indicate that not much is known about ASD by parents. Parents do a lot of searching independently but the information obtained is generally limited. Parents are also often still confused about understanding ASD and what actions can be taken to help their child. One of the main problems parents face when dealing with an ASD diagnosis is acceptance. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) menjadi gangguan dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi dan terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. ASD masih dianggap tabu dan menjadi momok. Padahal ASD bukanlah suatu penyakit, melainkan sebuah gangguan yang ditandai dengan penurunan kualitas individu dalam interaksi sosial, kemampuan komunikasi, serta minat dan perilaku yang berulang. Dengan prevalensi ASD yang terus meningkat dan kurangnya informasi yang tersedia, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali kebutuhan apakah suatu program psikoedukasi bagi orang tua dibutuhkan ketika menghadapi diagnosa ASD pada anaknya. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Peneliti melibatkan 6 orang partisipan yang terdiri dari 2 orang tua dengan anak terdiagnosa ASD, 2 orang tua dari anak dengan perkembangan tipikal, dan 2 orang terapis yang menangani anak berkebutuhan khusus. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan mengenai ASD belum banyak diketahui oleh para orang tua. Orang tua banyak melakukan pencarian secara mandiri namun informasi yang didapat umumnya terbatas. Orang tua juga seringkali masih mengalami kebingungan dalam memahami ASD dan tindakan apa yang dapat dilakukan untuk membantu anak mereka. Salah satu permasalahan utama yang dihadapi orang tua ketika menghadapi diagnosa ASD adalah penerimaan.

Understanding the Effectiveness and Feasibility of a Family Navigator Program for Parents of Children With Autism.

Systems navigation can be difficult, especially for low-resourced families (i.e., families who are "low income" or meet one of the following indicators: mother has a high school diploma or less; primary caregiver is unemployed; or the family receives governmental assistance). Navigators may help families access services; however, the training of navigators is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of Supporting Parents to Access and Navigate Services (SPANS), a program to develop navigators. Altogether, 19 low-resourced parents of children with autism participated in SPANS. Participants demonstrated significantly improved knowledge about autism services and perceived advocacy for other families and systemic change. There was high attendance, low attrition, high acceptability, and high fidelity. Implications are discussed.

Using a Design Thinking Approach to Develop a Social Media-Based Parenting Program for Parents of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Parenting programs have proven effective in improving the behavior of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, barriers such as job and transportation constraints hinder parents from attending face-to-face therapy appointments. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these challenges. Objective: This study aimed to develop and test the feasibility of a social media-based parenting program for parents of children with ADHD, considering both the pre-existing challenges faced by parents and the additional barriers imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used a 5-stage design thinking process, encompassing empathizing with parents, defining their needs, ideating innovative solutions, prototyping the program, and testing the program with parents. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 18 parents of children with ADHD to understand their unique needs and values. Brainstorming techniques were used to generate creative ideas, leading to the creation of a prototype that was tested with 32 parents. Participants' engagement with the program was measured, and posttraining feedback was collected to assess the program's effectiveness. Results: Parents of children with ADHD encounter specific challenges, including managing impulsive behavior and difficulties in emotion regulation. The social media-based parenting program was delivered through the LINE app (Line Corporation) and consisted of 7 modules addressing topics related to ADHD management and effective parenting strategies. The program exhibited a high completion rate, with 84% (27/32) of participants successfully finishing it. Program provider-participant interaction peaked during the first week and gradually decreased over time. Qualitative feedback indicated that the program was feasible, accessible, and well received by participants. The LINE app was found to be convenient and helpful, and participants preferred content delivery once or twice per week, expressing acceptance for various content formats. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the significance of adopting a human-centered design thinking approach to develop parenting programs that cater to the unique needs and values of parents. By leveraging social media platforms, such as LINE, a parenting program can overcome the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and other constraints faced by parents. LINE offers a viable and feasible option for supporting parents of children with ADHD, with the potential for customization and widespread dissemination beyond the pandemic context.

Development and Implementation of Vocational Awareness Program for Parents of Children with Special Needs

The main objective of this study was to develop and implement a vocational awareness program targeting parents of children with special needs. The study employed a descriptive quantitative survey methodology, with a sample of 21 parents (12 male and 9 female. A self-structured questionnaire was used to gather data from parents, with 21 questionnaires administered before and after the program's implementation. The study used SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. The findings showed a significant increase in parental awareness about their child's impairment and the educational resources available to accommodate their child's specific needs. The study recommends the program be conducted in all special education schools to educate parents about their child's disabilities and the opportunities and facilities offered by these institutions.