Program Management Research Articles

“Our program manager is a woman for the first time”: perceptions of health managers on what workplace policies and practices exist to advance women’s career progression in the health sector in Kenya

BackgroundExisting evidence suggests that organisation-level policies are important in enabling gender equality and equity in the workplace. However, there is little research exploring the knowledge of health sector employees on whether policies and practices to advance women’s career progression exist in their organisations. In this qualitative study, we explored the knowledge and perspectives of health managers on which of their organisations' workplace policies and practices contribute to the career advancement of women and their knowledge of how such policies and practices are implemented and monitored.MethodsWe employed a purposive sampling method to select the study participants. The study adopted qualitative approaches to gain nuanced insights from the 21 in-depth interviews and key informant interviews that we conducted with health managers working in public and private health sector organisations. We conducted a thematic analysis to extract emerging themes relevant to advancing women’s career progression in Kenya’s health sector.ResultsDuring the interviews, only a few managers cited the policies and practices that contribute to women’s career advancement. Policies and practices relating to promotion and flexible work schedules were mentioned most often by these managers as key to advancing women's career progression. For instance, flexible work schedules were thought to enable women to pursue further education which led to promotion. Some female managers felt that women were promoted to leadership positions only when running women-focused programs. There was little mention of capacity-building policies like training and mentorship. The health managers reported how policies and practices are implemented and monitored in general, however, they did not state how this is done for specific policies and practices. For the private sector, the health managers stated that implementation and monitoring of these policies and practices is conducted at the institutional level while for the public sector, this is done at the national or county level.ConclusionsWe call upon health-sector organisations in Kenya to offer continuous policy sensitisation sessions to their staff and be deliberate in having supportive policies and other pragmatic interventions beyond policies such as training and mentorship that can enable women’s career progression.

Macro Skills Development Management of Chinese EFL Learners in Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Managing students’ macro skills development is necessary for any nation especially for non- native English-speaking countries not only because it can fully benefit them from global commerce but also for the reason that nations with higher levels of English language skills have stronger economies and enjoy a higher quality of life. This study critically analyzed the macro skills development management of the Grade 5students of Taipei Municipal Shezi Elementary School. It employed the Descriptive Survey Research Method and Comparative Analysis that were both transcribed in English and Traditional Chinese languages. Weighted Mean, Frequency Count, and Percentage were used to determine the implementation extent of the macro skills development program for the Chinese EFL learners as perceived by the three stakeholder groups, namely: the English teachers, the school administrators, and the policymakers along the four language components, namely: Listening, Speaking, Reading, and Writing in terms of the three management functions, namely: Planning, Commanding, and Controlling. Moreover, Independent (Paired) t Test, One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Post Hoc Test were utilized to ascertain the significant difference that exists on the implementation of the macro skills development program along the four language components in terms of the three management functions when categorized according to the perceptions of the three stakeholder groups. Furthermore, Frequency Count, Percentage, and Rank Order were employed to identify the factors attributed to the macro skills development of the Chinese EFL learners. The results of the study revealed that the macro skills development program for the Chinese EFL learners is highly implemented by the current educational managers of the state. It also went to show that the identified factors are rather pivotal to the realization and quality of bilingualism policy in the state. Thus, the BENEDICTUS Language Development Program Management Framework was created to help optimize the macro skills development management of EFL students around the world.

Transparency in the Management of Village-Owned Enterprises In Pulo Jantan Village, Na Ix-X District

there are still many BUMDes that do not operate, do not submit reports, their establishment is not supported by feasibility studies and they have not been orderly in their administration and reports The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. To obtain data and information, researchers conducted interviews with managers of Village-Owned Enterprises and the Pulo Jantan Village community. In addition, researchers also conducted observations and documentation to answer research problems. The data that has been obtained is analyzed using Kristianten's Transparency theory, namely Availability and Accessibility of Documents, Clarity and Completeness of Information, Process Openness and Regulatory Frameworks that Guarantee Transparency. Based on the research conducted, it can be seen that the Transparency of Management of Village-Owned Enterprises cannot be said to be Transparent. This is shown in the Document Availability and Accessibility indicator, namely the absence of publication media as a form of easy access provided to the public. The second indicator is Clarity and Completeness of Information, namely information related to the annual village meeting is still not clearly provided to the community. The third indicator is Process Openness, namely information related to the BUMDes program management process is still not optimally provided to the community.

Effect of COVID-19 on paediatric TB service delivery and patients’ comfort receiving TB services in Cameroon and Kenya during COVID: a qualitative assessment

BackgroundThe outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a setback to the gains achieved in tuberculosis (TB) control by impairing TB diagnosis, delaying treatment initiation and aggravating TB deaths. This study explored...

Service providers and program managers’ perspectives on household waste segregation in Ujjain, India

Service providers and program managers’ perspectives on household waste segregation in Ujjain, India

Design and Development of a Nurse-Led Program for the Management of Bariatric Surgery Patients-The NURLIFE Program.

Design and Development of a Nurse-Led Program for the Management of Bariatric Surgery Patients-The NURLIFE Program.

Developing project-based supplier relations in a programmatic multi-project context: an exemplary case study from the construction industry

PurposeThe aim of this research is to explore how a programmatic multi-project context influences project-based firms (PBFs) in organizing their relations with other PBFs and suppliers in a project-based industry.Design/methodology/approachA multiple case study research is conducted. Data are collected from two case studies in the construction infrastructure sector. Eleven interviews with contractors and other suppliers are the primary source of data collection. The data are complemented by procurement documents and expert consultations.FindingsThe findings show that within a programmatic multi-project context, PBFs settle relations with (1) key partners for program management capacity, PBFs establish relations with (2) main contractors to divide projects and (innovation) tasks, and PBFs intensify relations with (3) suppliers to ensure continuity and expertise.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to the body of project management literature by exploring PBF’s relations with other PBFs and suppliers in a multi-project context. Based on empirical data, the study provides a distinction in layers presenting distinct levels of PBF’s supplier relations. This layer structure provides an excellent starting point for future studies exploring the program perspective of PBFs in the integrated supply chain.Originality/valueGiven the increase in programmatic multi-project context for project-based domains, discussed in both literature and practice, this study explores the effect of programs on relations of PBFs with other PBFs and suppliers. The study distinguishes PBF’s relations with the different suppliers in three layers and discusses the characteristics of these relations.

Implementing Arts on Prescription at Home for People Living With Dementia: A Hybrid-Effectiveness Feasibility Study.

Arts on prescription at home (AoP@Home) is a participatory art-based approach involving a professional artist engaging a person with dementia (and their family carer) in art-making in their own home. This study evaluated the implementation of AoP@Home within a real-world community aged care context. A hybrid effectiveness-implementation design was used to simultaneously test both the AoP@Home intervention and the implementation process. AoP@Home program outcomes included person with dementia and family carer (dyad) health and wellbeing, and personal goal attainment. Implementation outcomes were evaluated according to feasibility, fidelity, acceptability, uptake, and costs via routinely collected data, artist notes, and interviews with program managers, artists, and participant dyads. Four dyads completed an AoP@Home program during the study period. All participants with dementia reported improvements in their overall health and wellbeing, and wellbeing scores improved for all carers from baseline to post-program. Implementation was feasible using existing government funding mechanisms, and programs were acceptable to all stakeholders. It is possible to deliver participatory arts programs for community-dwelling people with dementia and their family, in their home, using sustainable and available funding models. Programs such as AoP@Home should be made more accessible alongside broader allied health and care services.

Data Quality in the Money Direct to School Program (MDSP): Overcoming the Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO) Challenge

Introduction: The investigation presents and discusses the relevance of data quality in Data Science, introducing the concept of "Garbage In, Garbage Out" (GIGO) to the Money Direct to School Program (PDDE). Objectives: The objective was to describe the process of data extraction, transformation, and loading for the generation of information panels by the Collaborative Support Center for Monitoring and Management of Educational Programs (CECAMPE/NE). Methodology: The employed methodology was quantitative and used typical Data Science tools. The data related to the PDDE were collected from transactional systems and surveys with the involved populations. Results: The results showed a satisfactory reduction of GIGO, although challenges were identified such as data update discrepancies, lack of adequate documentation of data tables, and issues with free typing fields in survey forms. Conclusion: The analysis reiterates that the GIGO concept is a significant challenge for the effective use of PDDE data and emphasizes the need to develop better data management practices in the context of the program. It suggests that all professionals who use data as raw material for their professional activities should be aware of these challenges and work towards effective solutions.

Facilitators and Barriers for Private Health Sector Engagement for TB Care in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research.

Private sector engagement is recognized as one of the most critical interventions to achieve the End TB goals in India. We conducted a systematic review and a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies to identify the barriers and facilitators for private sector engagement in TB care in India. A systematic search in electronic databases was done. We assessed the methodological limitations of individual studies, synthesized the evidence using thematic analysis, and assessed our confidence in each finding. Of the 19 eligible articles included for the qualitative synthesis, 31.5% (6/19) were conducted in northern states of India. Included studies had details from 31 focus group discussions and 303 in-depth interviews conducted among various stakeholders. The synthesis revealed that barriers to engaging the private sector were lack of coordination mechanisms, lack of the National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) staff capacity to deal with the private sector, lack of private practitioners' knowledge on various programmatic aspects, and perceived complexity of the data exchange mechanism. The private sector felt that NTEP was not sensitive to the patient's confidentiality and demanded too much patient data. The private sector considered nonfinancial incentives like recognition, feedback, involving them in planning, and giving them equal status in partnership as powerful enablers for their engagement in TB care. Factors related to the context in which the engagement occurs, the architecture of the engagement, and interaction among the actors contribute to barriers to engaging the private sector for TB care in India. Strengthening policies to protect patient confidentiality, using behavior change communication to NTEP program managers, providing managerial and soft-skill training to NTEP staff, promoting nonfinancial incentives to private providers, establishing a coordination mechanism between the sectors, and simplifying the data exchange mechanisms need to be done to further strengthen the private-sector engagement.

Gender barriers to career growth and support programs for women managers

In the modern world, where equality and justice are the key principles of social development, the issue of gender equality in the workplace is becoming particularly relevant. This article analyzes the gender barriers that women face in the process of career growth and examines effective support programs aimed at strengthening their positions in leadership roles. Purpose of the research – analyze gender barriers to leadership positions and evaluate the eff ectiveness of support programs for women leaders. Methodology – use of such methods of analysis as comparison, collation, systematization and statistical analysis. Originality / value – manifested in an integrated approach to the problem of gender inequality in career growth, which takes into account both structural and institutional, as well as individual and socio-cultural aspects. Findings – consist in the formulation of specifi c strategies and recommendations for organizations and government agencies to eliminate gender barriers in career growth. This includes the development of effective mentoring and sponsorship programs, the creation of educational and training programs, as well as the introduction of changes in corporate culture to reduce gender bias and stereotypes. The recommendations presented in the article can be used to shape gender equality policies and create a more equitable and inclusive work environment in various organizations and industries.

Understanding the barriers and facilitators of human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in Kwale and Mombasa counties in Kenya: A study protocol

Background Cervical cancer poses a significant public health problem globally. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination protects against HPV types 16 and 18, responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases. The optimal vaccination age is in the early adolescent period before sexual debut with possible HPV infection. In 2019, through the Ministry of Health, the Kenya government introduced the HPV vaccine to 10-14-year-old girls. However, analysis of the vaccine coverage across the counties shows that uptake is suboptimal. Our study proposes to apply the World Health Organization (WHO) Measuring Behavioural and Social Drivers (BeSD) of the vaccination framework to understand the barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccine uptake in two counties of Kenya. Methods The study design will be cross-sectional, utilising a mixed methods approach for data collection. We will sample 668 girls aged 10–14 years, across the two counties of Kwale and Mombasa and collect data using using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Qualitative data will be collected through focus group discussions with CHEWs, and community leaders, and key informant interviews with nurses, clinical officers, vaccine program managers and national vaccine focal persons. We will use the WHO BeSDvaccination framework as our conceptual framework. Significance Understanding the barriers and facilitators for HPV vaccination will help in developing strategies to be applied for improving HPV vaccine uptake.

IDAROTU BARAMIJ AL-LUGHAH AL-’ARABIYAH FI QISMI AL-LUGHAH LADA AL-THOLABAT BIMA’HAD DARUL AMAN

This study describes the management of Arabic language programs in the language department for ‎female students at Darul Aman Institute. This research aimed to know the planning and objectives ‎of the management of Arabic language programs by the Language Department for female students ‎at Darul Aman Institute, and to know how to organize the management of Arabic language ‎programs for the Language Department for female students at Darul Aman Institute, the study ‎relied on the qualitative entrance research methodology and case study methodology, and data ‎collection through interview, field observation and document analysis. The researchers used data ‎analysis of Miles and Huberman. The result of this research is that the planning and objectives of the ‎Arabic language programs in the language department for female students at Darul Aman Institute ‎include: setting the schedule for speaking Arabic to develop students' discipline in speaking Arabic, ‎conducting a language competition to expand the students' culture and to develop the language ‎skills of students by establishing a linguistic quarantine, and producing a vocabulary dictionary and ‎language conversation in order to dispense with students' vocabulary and memorize it and then test ‎it at the end of the month to assess the development of their language level, upgrading students' ‎language skills by doing additional study To teach those who have a poor level of language and the ‎establishment of a language court, and the last plan is to find ways to develop students' language ‎skills by making vocabulary boards and conversation and by preparing to watch linguistic films and ‎linguistic songs. How to organize its administration is the organizational structure of the staff, the ‎installation of student organizations from the language department, as well as the creation and ‎establishment of a language violation court‏.‏

Lot quality assurance sampling survey for water, sanitation and hygiene monitoring and evidence-based advocacy in Bentiu IDP camp, South Sudan.

Every year, 60% of deaths from diarrhoeal disease occur in low and middle-income countries due to inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene. In these countries, diarrhoeal diseases are the second leading cause of death in children under five, excluding neonatal deaths. The approximately 100,000 people residing in the Bentiu Internally Displaced Population (IDP) camp in South Sudan have previously experienced water, sanitation, and hygiene outbreaks, including an ongoing Hepatitis E outbreak in 2021. This study aimed to assess the gaps in Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH), prioritise areas for intervention, and advocate for the improvement of WASH services based on the findings. A cross-sectional lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) survey was conducted in ninety-five households to collect data on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) coverage performance across five sectors. Nineteen households were allocated to each sector, referred to as supervision areas in LQAS surveys. Probability proportional to size sampling was used to determine the number of households to sample in each sector block selected using a geographic positioning system. One adult respondent, familiar with the household, was chosen to answer WASH-related questions, and one child under the age of five was selected through a lottery method to assess the prevalence of WASH-related disease morbidities in the previous two weeks. The data were collected using the KoBoCollect mobile application. Data analysis was conducted using R statistical software and a generic LQAS Excel analyser. Crude values, weighted averages, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each indicator. Target coverage benchmarks set by program managers and WASH guidelines were used to classify the performance of each indicator. The LQAS survey revealed that five out of 13 clean water supply indicators, eight out of 10 hygiene and sanitation indicators, and two out of four health indicators did not meet the target coverage. Regarding the clean water supply indicators, 68.9% (95% CI 60.8%-77.1%) of households reported having water available six days a week, while 37% (95% CI 27%-46%) had water containers in adequate condition. For the hygiene and sanitation indicators, 17.9% (95% CI 10.9%-24.8%) of households had handwashing points in their living area, 66.8% (95% CI 49%-84.6%) had their own jug for cleansing after defaecation, and 26.4% (95% CI 17.4%-35.3%) of households had one piece of soap. More than 40% of households wash dead bodies at funerals and wash their hands in a shared bowl. Households with sanitary facilities at an acceptable level were 22.8% (95% CI 15.6%-30.1%), while 13.2% (95% CI 6.6%-19.9%) of households had functioning handwashing points at the latrines. Over the previous two weeks, 57.9% (95% CI 49.6-69.7%) of households reported no diarrhoea, and 71.3% (95% CI 62.1%-80.6%) reported no eye infections among children under five. The camp's hygiene and sanitation situation necessitated immediate intervention to halt the hepatitis E outbreak and prevent further WASH-related outbreaks and health issues. The LQAS findings were employed to advocate for interventions addressing the WASH gaps, resulting in WASH and health actors stepping in.

Economic Space as a Field for the Realization of National Goals of Russia

Adoption of Decree No. 309 of the President of the Russian Federation of 07.05.2024 “On the national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future until 2036” demonstrates not only a new important stage in the development of the practice of strategic goal-setting for the country’s economy. Equally, we can stress noticeable expansion of the field of those socio-economic processes, which are reflected in the national goals of the development and the ways of their practical achievement. This fully complies with the actual requirements towards strategic planning system, which are based on the principles of consistency, completeness and consistency in achieving certain targets; balanced distribution of powers and responsibilities for achieving these objectives between all levels of public authority in the country. The article attempts to emphasize the attention on the special - spatial - aspect of strategic goal-setting for Russian economy, in particular, to determine the meaning and significance of the spatial approach for the practical implementation of national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 and for the future until 2036. This task is solved in a comparable manner with the provisions of earlier similar documents. These are the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024” (2018) and the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On national development goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030” (2020). Everything said about the role of the spatial approach in the strategic goal-setting system also concerns the further improvement of program and project management methods and practical ways to achieve the planned target indicators.

Healthcare workers’ views on decentralized primary health care management in Lesotho: a qualitative study

BackgroundLesotho experienced high rates of maternal (566/100,000 live births) and under-five mortality (72.9/1000 live births). A 2013 national assessment found centralized healthcare management in Ministry of Health led to fragmented, ineffective district health team management. Launched in 2014 through collaboration between the Ministry of Health and Partners In Health, Lesotho’s Primary Health Care Reform (LPHCR) aimed to improve service quality and quantity by decentralizing healthcare management to the district level. We conducted a qualitative study to explore health workers’ perceptions regarding the effectiveness of LPHCR in enhancing the primary health care system.MethodsWe conducted 21 semi-structured key informant interviews (KII) with healthcare workers and Ministry of Health officials purposively sampled from various levels of Lesotho’s health system, including the central Ministry of Health, district health management teams, health centers, and community health worker programs in four pilot districts of the LPHCR initiative. The World Health Organization’s health systems building blocks framework was used to guide data collection and analysis. Interviews assessed health care workers’ perspectives on the impact of the LPHCR initiative on the six-health system building blocks: service delivery, health information systems, access to essential medicines, health workforce, financing, and leadership/governance. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis.ResultsParticipants described benefits of decentralization, including improved efficiency in service delivery, enhanced accountability and responsiveness, increased community participation, improved data availability, and better resource allocation. Participants highlighted how the reform resulted in more efficient procurement and distribution processes and increased recognition and status in part due to the empowerment of district health management teams. However, participants also identified limited decentralization of financial decision-making and encountered barriers to successful implementation, such as staff shortages, inadequate management of the village health worker program, and a lack of clear communication regarding autonomy in utilizing and mobilizing donor funds.ConclusionOur study findings indicate that the implementation of decentralized primary health care management in Lesotho was associated a positive impact on health system building blocks related to primary health care. However, it is crucial to address the implementation challenges identified by healthcare workers to optimize the benefits of decentralized healthcare management.

Review of the Training Room "The Role of Training Management Personnel"

In the context of human resources development (HRD), the role of training management personnel is crucial in ensuring the effectiveness and success of training programs [1]. This article aims to delve deeper into the roles and characteristics of the four main groups of training management personnel: instructors, educators, educational staff, and other personnel. Instructors, as the frontline in the teaching and learning process, play a crucial role in delivering content and facilitating learning. They not only possess adequate technical expertise in their respective fields but also have good communication skills to deliver information in an engaging and meaningful way to training participants. Educators, often integral parts of the teaching team, are responsible for curriculum planning, development, and management. They design effective learning strategies, develop relevant evaluation tools, and are responsible for continuous monitoring and improvement of training programs. Educational staff, on the other hand, are responsible for the administrative and operational management of training programs. They plan and organize training activities, manage facilities and available resources, and ensure that all administrative aspects run smoothly to support the smooth implementation of programs. In addition to these three main groups of training management personnel, there are also other personnel who support the implementation of training programs. This includes administrative staff handling general administration, technicians responsible for facility maintenance, and other facilitators who assist in the implementation of training activities. Through a deeper understanding of the roles and characteristics of each group of training management personnel, it is hoped that training institutions can improve the overall effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of the programs they offer, thereby making significant contributions to HRD and organizational quality improvement [ 4].

Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Zakat Fund Distribution Program by BAZNAS West Kalimantan (2019 - 2023)

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Zakat, Infaq and Sedekah (ZIS) fund distribution program by BAZNAS West Kalimantan in improving the welfare of beneficiary communities during the 2019-2023 period. Using a secondary data analysis approach, data was obtained from BAZNAS annual reports, government publications, scientific articles and other sources. Qualitative research methods with descriptive analysis were used to evaluate the effectiveness of ZIS fund distribution based on the ACR (Allocation to Collection Ratio) ratio in the Zakat Core Principle model. The research results show that ZIS fund collection experienced fluctuations during this period, with fund distribution always reaching 100% of the funds collected each year. The ACR ratio which consistently reaches 100% shows that BAZNAS West Kalimantan is very effective in distributing ZIS funds. The ZIS fund distribution program has a positive impact on community welfare, especially in access to education and health, although the long-term impact on economic empowerment still requires improvement. The success of the program is influenced by the quality of BAZNAS management, community participation, government support, and collaboration with various institutions. Recommendations for increasing effectiveness include strengthening economic empowerment, increasing transparency and accountability, improving program management, collaborating with external parties, and regularly evaluating program impacts. This research provides recommendations for improving the ZIS fund distribution program, with the hope that ZIS fund management can be more optimal and precise the target is to improve the welfare of the beneficiary communities in West Kalimantan.

Barriers and enablers to help seeking, treatment adherence and recovery among community-based drug rehabilitation clients in the Philippines

Background This study aimed to determine factors influencing help-seeking, accessing treatment and sustaining recovery among Filipino PWUDs during the country’s war against drugs. Methods Purposive sampling was used with respondents recommended by program managers or community facilitators of community-based drug rehabilitation programs. In-depth interviews with clients and their families were conducted in 17 local government units across 8 regions in the Philippines. Transcripts were analyzed using Nvivo 12. Results The results highlight barriers to help-seeking, including the PWUDs’ belief that they don’t need help, fear of police and incarceration, stigma and discrimination. Enablers to help seeking and treatment adherence were motivation to change, accessible treatment options and family support. Community acceptance, quality of care of service providers, and support of community leaders enabled both help-seeking and recovery. Conclusion The findings suggest the impact of a punitive approach and the need to reframe drug use as a health issue. Results also suggest the need to reduce stigma and discrimination and promote positive messaging to enable help-seeking, adherence, and recovery.

Mosque as an Educational Space: Effectiveness of Management and Implementation of Al-Quran Learning Program

Apart from being a place of collective worship, mosques can also be a potential place of Qur'an education for Muslims. However, this context has not been comprehensively discussed in previous studies. This study not only aims to complement the shortcomings of previous studies but also focuses on the question of the function and potential of the mosque as a place of Qur'an education for Muslims. To answer this question, this study chose to use a descriptive qualitative approach by conducting direct and structured observations and interviews with informants. The findings in this study show two important contexts regarding the function and potential of the mosque as a place of Qur'an education for Muslims. First, the management of mosque space can be a potential place in conducting Qur'an education for Muslims as has been done at the Baiturrahmah Mosque. Second, good management of the Qur'an education program can increase interest and shape Muslims to be more active and participatory as happened at the Baiturrahmah Mosque. From these two important findings, it can be reflected that the mosque, apart from functioning as a space for collective worship, can also be a potential place to conduct effective and efficient Qur'an education.