Economic Programs Research Articles

Teaching the polycrisis: Assessing the effect of pluralist education in Italian economics programs

This paper presents the results of a survey of economics students in Italy. The survey was motivated by a review of the curriculum of Italian economics programs and was designed to assess the links between how pluralist students claimed their economics education was, and their assessment of how adequately various topics were taught, how well they thought their education contributed to the development of a number of skills, and their overall satisfaction with their degree program. The results of our survey were then analyzed using an ordered logit model which found large and significant links between pluralism and student satisfaction, reported topical coverage and the formation of some skills. No statistically negative correlations between pluralism and any skill or topics were found. A categorization of the results of an open-ended question from the survey asking students what they would change about their education “if they had a magic wand” is also presented. The results of the study point to increasing pluralism as an intriguing option for departments looking to attract and retain students and as a useful tool for training economists who are prepared to face current and future global economic challenges as represented in the concept of the polycrisis.

Integrating Behavioural Economics into Skill Development

Abstract The contemporary economic scenario, characterized by modern technology and global relationships, demands a workforce equipped with both traditional economic knowledge and modern skills. This research explores the evolving trends in economics skill development, focusing on how educational institutions are adapting their curricula to meet these emerging demands. Traditional lecture-based methods, as criticized by early scholars like Becker and Watts, are increasingly being replaced by interactive, student-centred methodologies that foster critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. The integration of digital tools and data analytics into economics education, highlighted by McGoldrick and Peterson, reveals the broader shift toward data-driven decision-making in the global economy. Furthermore, the integration of behavioural economics, data science, and other interdisciplinary fields, enhancing students' ability to apply economic concepts to real-world experiments. This research employs a diverse-methods approach, combining surveys of educators and students with content analysis of current economics programs, to identify key trends in skill development. This study reveals a strong emphasis on data analysis skills, the integration of interdisciplinary content, and the adoption of experiential learning methods such as internships and case studies. These shifts specify a move away from traditional theory to practical, applied learning experiences enhance the students to meet demands of the modern economy. The study concludes with recommendations for better investment in educational resources, and an increased focus on experiential learning. By adapting these trends, economics education can continue to produce professionals capable of navigating the people towards global economy.

Long COVID impacts: the voices and views of diverse Black and Latinx residents in Massachusetts

ObjectiveTo understand how Long COVID is impacting the health and social conditions of the Black and Latinx communities.BackgroundEmerging research on Long COVID has identified three distinct characteristics, including multi-organ damage, persistent symptoms, and post-hospitalization complications. Given Black and Latinx communities experienced significantly higher COVID rates in the first phase of the pandemic they may be disproportionately impacted by Long COVID.MethodsEleven focus groups were conducted in four languages with diverse Black and Latinx individuals (n = 99) experiencing prolonged symptoms of COVID-19 or caring for family members with prolonged COVID-19 symptoms. Data was analyzed thematically.ResultsMost participants in non-English language groups reported they were unfamiliar with the diagnosis of long COVID, despite experiencing symptoms. Long COVID impacts spanned financial and housing stability to physical and mental health impacts. Participants reported challenging encounters with health care providers, a lack of support managing symptoms and difficulty performing activities of daily living including work.ConclusionsThere is a need for multilingual, accessible information about Long COVID symptoms, improved outreach and healthcare delivery, and increased ease of enrollment in long-term disability and economic support programs.

Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Stocks Market Performance of Service Industry in Indonesia

In March 2020, Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) was officially declared a pandemic. As a result, the economic and financial sectors, especially business activities that involve interactions between people severe due to the physical distancing policy. Several studies have analyzed the impact of the pandemic on the economic and financial sectors, but none have specifically discussed the impact on the service sector, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on abnormal returns and abnormal volume of stocks in the service industry in Indonesia. Using the event study method, three business sectors most affected by COVID-19 in the service industry are investigated. Impact of the company's internal factors on the cumulative abnormal return is also examined using the robust least square regression method. This study finds a negative stock market reaction to the pandemic and social distancing announcement, and positive reaction for announcement of national economic recovery program and reopening economic activity with health protocol. All events had a negative impact on the abnormal volume of the stocks. Finally, either size or liquidity is found to be a significant driver of abnormal returns.

Impact Asessment of One Pesantren One Product (OPOP) as a Government Economic resilient Program to Improve the Pesantren Small Enterprises in the East Java Province

Abstract. One Pesantren One Product (OPOP) is one of economic development priority programs initiated by the government of the province of East Java, Indonesia, under the Governor regulation No. 62, 2020, aiming to improve the entepreneurship of Pesantren (an Indonesian term for traditional Islamic school) to raise the society resilient in economy and develop Sharia economic ecosystem through out the region of East Java Province. Up to 2022, there are 750 Pesantren of which 174 Pesantren has been provided both trainings and funds as the benefits of the program. This study is aimed to evaluate the impacts of this 4 year ongoing program by surveying and collecting the primary data of Pesantren enterprise condition prior and subsequent to accepting the benefits of this OPOP program to assess how significance the program affects the growth of the Pesantren enterprise. The method used in this study is content analysis of an in-depth guided interview assessing seven research variables used in this study ; legality, human resources, products/services, marketing, cash flow, internal impacts and external impacts. All of these variables are the result of a Delphi consensus by inter-diciplinary academicians and inter-sectoral government officers. There are 34 samples is taken out of the 174 population with the method of multi-stage cluster random sampling, choosing 8 region in the province by cluster sampling and then choosing ten typologies of the enterprise by non-proportional stratified random sampling. The analysis technique used is a likert scale, to score each research variable in the context of both prior and subsequent conditions to receiving the benefits of the OPOP program resulting in categorization of 3 different classes, and how significance the impacts of the program to the seven variables research lead to the escalation of the class of the studied samples. The result is 62% of the Pesantren enterprise experienced class ascension with 4 enterprise typologies, which are Food raw material, processed food products, farming and beverage products, that is affected the most by this OPOP program.

Coronanomics: Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic in The Economy in Indonesia

Coronanomics is the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the macro economy which includes several macro indicators, namely data on economic growth, inflation rates, interest rates, consumption, and investment in Indonesia as well as government policy responses in overcoming the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a literature study by taking data from several literatures that support the research process. This study uses quantitative data that is described qualitatively to analyze the impact on the macro economy. Data collection techniques used by listening and analyzing data by means of data reduction, data display, and an overview about the literature to be developed in this study. The results showed that the Indonesian economy in the third quarter of 2021 increased by 3.51% (yoy), although it slowed down compared to the previous quarter's achievements, household consumption grew by 1.03% (yoy). Investment growth slowed by 3.74% (yoy), supported by construction investment. The government's consumption performance was 0.66% (yoy), in line with the reallocation of spending to accelerate the national economic recovery program, including the handling of the Covid-19 delta. The inflation rate in October 2021 was 0.93%, a decrease compared to inflation in 2020 of 1.66%. The government's policy responses that have been carried out in order to overcome the Covid-19 pandemic are divided into two, namely through the Covid-19 Handling Policy and the National Economic Recovery Policy (PC-PEN).

Experiences of community reintegration after obstetric fistula repair at Jean Paul 2 hospital, Conakry, Guinea.

The study explored women's experiences of their community reintegration process after surgical repair of obstetric fistula at Jean Paul 2 Hospital in Conakry, Guinea. The study examined how lived experiences of the disease impacted on the community reintegration of treated women. Using a qualitative research methodology, ten women participated after giving informed consent. Semi- structured interviews, lasting an average of 30 to 60 minutes were guided by an interview guide. The main themes covered were experiences with the disease, perceived social support and reintegration into the community. According to the participants, delays in obstetric care were the main cause of obstetric fistula. Socio- economic, cultural and medical factors such as early marriage, lack of education and poverty contributed to these delays. Even after surgical repair, women continued to endure the physical and psychosocial consequences of the disease, exposing them to stigma, discrimination and even rejection within the community. Study participants also reported a lack of social support. The little support perceived by these women concerned food and medical needs. This made the women dependent on their families. Reintegration into the community also proved difficult due to the persistent silence and stigma surrounding their situation. The study results highlight the complexity of the challenges faced by women with obstetric fistula in their journey towards integration. Effective management of obstetric fistula requires a holistic approach victims, their communities, health professionals and decision-makers in solving this problem. So, to improve women's reintegration after treatment for obstetric fistula, it is vital to raise awareness of the causes and consequences of the disease among the women concerned and their families, and to provide rapid access to emergency obstetric care, reinforce social support and set up economic empowerment programs.

Health and non-health benefits and equity impacts of individual-level economic relief programs during epidemics/pandemics in high income settings: a scoping review

BackgroundEconomic relief programs are strategies designed to sustain societal welfare and population health during a regional or global scale infectious disease outbreak. While economic relief programmes are considered essential during a regional or global health crisis, there is no clear consensus in the literature about their health and non-health benefits and their impact on promoting equity.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review, searching eight electronic databases from January 01, 2001, to April 3, 2023, using text words and subject headings for recent pathogens (coronavirus (COVID-19), Ebola, Influenza, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), HIV, West Nile, and Zika), and economic relief programs; but restricted eligibility to high-income countries and selected diseases due to volume. Title and abstract screening were conducted by trained reviewers and Distiller AI software. Data were extracted in duplicates by two trained reviewers using a pretested form, and key findings were charted using a narrative approach.ResultsWe identified 27,263 de-duplicated records, of which 50 were eligible. Included studies were on COVID-19 and Influenza, published between 2014 and 2023. Zero eligible studies were on MERS, SARS, Zika, Ebola, or West Nile Virus. We identified seven program types of which cash transfer (n = 12) and vaccination or testing incentive (n = 9) were most common. Individual-level economic relief programs were reported to have varying degrees of impact on public health measures, and sometimes affected population health outcomes. Expanding paid sick leave programs had the highest number of studies reporting health-related outcomes and positively impacted public health measures (isolation, vaccination uptake) and health outcomes (case counts and the utilization of healthcare services). Equity impact was most often reported for cash transfer programs and incentive for vaccination programs. Positive effects on general well-being and non-health outcomes included improved mental well-being and quality of life, food security, financial resilience, and job security.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that individual-level economic relief programs can have significant impacts on public health measures, population health outcomes and equity. As countries prepare for future pandemics, our findings provide evidence to stakeholders to recognize health equity as a fundamental public health goal when designing pandemic preparedness policies.

Politik Pencitraan Partai PDIP Jawa Barat terhadap Ganjar Pranowo dalam Menghadapi Pilpres 2024

This research investigates the political image strategy adopted by the West Java Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDIP) towards a potential figure, Ganjar Pranowo, in facing the 2024 Presidential Election. Based on a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative approach, this research uses a case study method with a focus on data triangulation. Involving in-depth interviews, content analysis and participant observation, the research aims to explore the political dynamics of imagery and its impact on public perception. The results of content analysis highlight political communication strategies, development of popular economic discourse, use of social media, and image construction through political advertising. The findings show the need to increase strategic integration with local values, the effectiveness of social media, and the concretization of community economic programs. While providing an in-depth look at the political image of the West Java PDIP, this research also presents insights that can contribute to the understanding of political strategy at the local and national level.

The Role of Sharia Banks in Sustainable Development During Indonesia's Economic Recovery Post-Covid-19

Since Covid-19 appeared three years ago an undeniable economic recession has hit the world including Indonesia, the economy has slid drastically to minus 5 in 2020-2021. However, it finally revived after the new normal adaptation era in 2022, GDP showed a positive trend. This is of course because the role of Sharia banking, especially in assisting the national economic recovery program, shows a significant level. Research using a qualitative approach through descriptive methods yields findings that Indonesia's GDP per capita increases from 57.3 in 2022 to IDR 62.1 million in 2021 (an increase of 8.6%) equivalent to USD 4,349.5. The PEN program in 2021 also experienced a ceiling increase of Rp. 658.6 T (88.4%) from a ceiling of Rp. 744.77 T which was higher than the previous year of Rp. 575.8 T. The role and contribution of Sharia banks in serving financing in the MSME sector is becoming thing done completely. This is the achievement of Islamic banking in the new normal adaptation time of the Covid-19 outbreak.

Economic Institutional Empowerment Model as A Climate and Energy-Independent Village Based on Local Wisdom

Village development from the perspective of community empowerment is to increase community participation in institutions by utilizing economic potential resources and local wisdom. The purpose of the research is to analyze and design a model of economic institutional empowerment at the location of Sambak Village, Kajoran Subdistrict, Magelang Regency, Central Java Province as a productive and innovative village that was awarded the Climate Village and Independent Innovation Champion. The research used a qualitative method with Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) which is relevant for constructing reality through observation, dialogical interviews, documentation, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Research informants were selected purposively, namely administrators and members of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME’s) and Village-Owned Enterprises (VOE), village government, and empowerment activists. PRA research analysis obtains data construction, reduction, and categorization which can then design empowerment programs or models. The results showed that Village governments need to create and run economic institutional empowerment programs in partnership with educational institutions and empowerment activists so that VOEs and MSME’s become integrated institutions. The empowerment programs needed are institutional management, administration, finance, promotion as well as digital marketing. Sambak Village can become a model and destination for an energy-independent productive and innovative Eduwisata.

The academic origins of economics faculty

In this article, the authors document the educational pedigrees of faculty at the top 96 economics programs in the United States. They use roster data of 96 top U.S. economics departments to provide a comprehensive update and expansion on data regarding the academic origins—both undergraduate and doctoral—of tenure-track faculty. Nearly 60 percent of their sample attended a top-15 university for their PhD; over a third attended a top-6 university for their PhD; the mean (median) ranking of faculty doctoral alma maters is 15 (10). The authors also find that over a third of faculty with U.S. undergraduate degrees received them at a top-15 university.

PENDAMPINGAN PETERNAK KAMBING PADA WILAYAH PENYANGGA PERUSAHAAN PTPV VII KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH

In the context of rural economic development, it is important to implement a social innovation collaborative model with social agents (industry, government, NGOs, and other organizations), where farmers take collective action to build a sustainable agricultural production system. Using the INRM (Integrated Natural Resource Management) method, the FEB Unila Community Service Team developed an Inclusive Social Business Model that encourages local farmer groups to collaborate on economic and social development activities through goat farming. INRM is a method of development-oriented research that aims to simultaneously reduce poverty, increase food security, and achieve environmental protection. The result of the community service is the formation of a livestock farmer group organization which is expected to become a local institution that plays the role of the Inclusive Social Business Model, encouraging sustainable economic and social programs to increase the income of farmers particularly, and the community of Mekar Jaya Village in general.

How altruism works during a pandemic: Examining the roles of financial support and degrees of individual altruism on international remittance

AbstractWhile the importance of international remittances has been recognised globally, understanding how public subsidies and the degree of individual altruism affect remittance behaviour remains limited. Although international remittances were predicted to decline drastically in the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic, remittance data proved that they were ultimately resilient to the anticipated negative shock of 2020. Potential reasons include altruistic motivations among migrants and economic stimulus programmes in large economies; however, a detailed investigation from a micro‐perspective is lacking and urgently needed. This study examines the impact of financial support in host and home countries and individual altruism on international remittances using unique data from foreign care workers in Japan. Our panel data estimation shows that emergency cash transfers from the host country positively affected migrant remittance amounts; however, no crowding‐out effects were observed due to subsidies from home governments. The heterogeneous analysis also reveals that highly altruistic remitters were more likely to send money home after receiving cash transfers in the host country. The results support the claims of international organisations that the resilience of remittances was supported by altruism and public financial support during the pandemic.

What is a green capitalism? Insights from the social system theory

AbstractIn this paper, it is argued that the economy as a social system is a conditio sine qua non to the environmental observations of the other social systems. Economic code of payment or nonpayment pre‐code environment, observed from the other social systems (for example, politics and science). By using this approach, the paper discusses the ways in which capitalism as an economic program is interpreted by other systems most of the time as the conditio sine qua non for their own autopoiesis regarding ecological challenges.It is debated that green capitalism is a form of a functionally differentiated economic system which is made as a conditio sine qua non for the other systems observation of ecological challenges. In the time dimension, money as a medium of economic system (and payment or nonpayment) comes first, and with it, tries to determine the ways other systems can observe ecology ‐ and it is successful.

Optimal IOFL-based economic model predictive control technique for boiler-turbine system

The optimal control design of the boiler-turbine system is vital to ensure feasibility and high responsiveness over desired load variations. Using the traditional linear control techniques realization of this task is difficult, as the boiler-turbine mechanism has strong nonlinearities. Besides, environmental and economic concerns have replaced existing tracking control ones as the primary concerns of advanced power plants. Thus, this study proposes an optimal economic model predictive controller (EMPC) scheme for this unit on the basis of the input/output feedback linearization (IOFL) method. By employing the IOFL method, this unit is decoupled into a new linearized model that is utilized for developing the suggested optimal IOFL EMPC technique. The proposed control scheme is formulated in an economic quadratic programming form that considers the input-rate and input limits of the unit for optimal economic performance. In addition, an adaptive iterative algorithm is utilized for constraints mapping with guaranteeing a feasible solution in a finite number of steps without violation of original constraints over the entire predictive horizon. The outcomes of the simulation show that the suggested optimal IOFL EMPC scheme offers an improved dynamic and economic output performance over fuzzy hierarchical MPC, fuzzy EMPC, and nonlinear EMPC techniques during various load variations.

Impacts of the cyromazine emergence inhibition procedure of Bactrocera dorsalis on Fopius arisanus: implications for the biological control of diptera pest.

Fopius arisanus (Sonan) is an important egg-pupal endoparasitic wasp of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). As traditional method of sorting nonparasitic B. dorsalis from parasitic wasps is labor-intensive, requires specific equipment and poses the risk of spreading fertile hosts, the development of a more convenient, economical and safe sorting procedure is important. The optimal cyromazine emergence inhibition procedure (CEIP) involved facilitating the pupation of B. dorsalis mature larvae (Bdml) in 3 mg kg-1 cyromazine sand substrate (CSS) for 48 h. When the Bdml that had been exposed to F. arisanus during the egg stage were treated with 3-7 mg kg-1 CSS for 48 h, no negative effects on the emergence parameters of parasitoids were observed. Treatment with 3-4 mg kg-1 CSS had insignificant effects on the biological and behavioral parameters of F. arisanus. However, treatment with 5-6 mg kg-1 CSS adversely affected the fecundity and antennating activity of the wasps; specifically, 6 mg kg-1 CSS negatively affected the lifespan and flight ability of wasps. Fortunately, no transgenerational effects on these parameters were observed in the progeny. Regarding the nutrient reserves of both sexes of F. arisanus, significant dose-dependent effects were observed. Moreover, 5-6 mg kg-1 CSS significantly reduced the protein and carbohydrate content in F. arisanus; in particular, 6 mg kg-1 CSS notably reduced the lipid content. CEIP provides a more flexible, economical and safe mass-release program for F. arisanus. In addition, it has profound implications for the biological control of other dipteran pests. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Political Identity and Political Parties: Infrastructure Superstructure Nexus

The present research paper attempts to manifest the way to ensure economic growth and import substitution through political parties though the ultimate aim of political parties is to capture political power and keep control of the government. Paper identified the matrix of Vision, Man, Muscle and Money to win the election in national and local level. Economic production-oriented programs utilizing party member contributes political parties to achieve success. Thus, the production of goods and expansion of services grasping symbols can transform the economic condition and ensure solidarity of the party members. Marx rightly mentioned infrastructure determines the superstructure of the nation/state. Mishra (2007) consider aims of the CPNM is to ensure equal citizenship, equity, inclusion, social justice and progress. However, roadmap towards economic progressed is overlooked. Bhattachan (2003) presents political model to restructure political sphere of Nepal and regards the Panchayat political system as exclusionary political system. Realizing these aspect present paper attempts to show how intra economic prosperity and eventual sustainability is possible through concentration on symbolic political identity. Furthermore, research found charismatic leaders within every political party influence and motivate party members to contribute their time and attention in productive activities for the election symbols.

Pengembangan Pembelajaran Ekonomi Berbasis Nilai Pancasila dan Nilai Budaya Lokal

The design of economic learning based on pancasila values and local cultural values to improve students’ knowledge, attitudes and economic behavior is the objective in this study. This type of research uses design-based research (DBR), through cooperative learning with the type of student teams achievement division (STAD). The collection of research data was carried out by essay tests, questionnaires and interviews with high school students as respondents. Feasibility testing of product design is validated by experts from State University of Malang, Indonesia including: learning design experts, economic materials, local culture and practitioners. Based on the analysis of factual models, it was found that current economic learning practices have not improved students’ knowledge, attitudes and behavior. The results of validation and testing of learning design prototypes are declared very useful and feasible to be implemented in economic learning in high schools. The results of the study show that economic learning design based on Pancasila values and local cultural values can improve knowledge, attitudes and economic behavior based on the nation’s ideology. This study can contribute to educational institutions in developing economic learning programs based on the nation’s ideology.

RRI Purwokerto Rural Broadcasts in 1970-1990s

Abstract This research explores Rural Broadcasting of RRI Purwokerto in the 1970-1990s. Rural Broadcasting is a program to support the achievement of the national economic development program, particularly in the food security sector. The objective of this research is to reveal (1) the role of RRI Purwokerto as a broadcasting institution in implementing rural broadcasting programs, (2) observe the interest of the community in the Banyumas region and its surroundings towards rural broadcasting programs, and (3) explore the driving factors for success in implementing Rural Broadcasting of RRI Purwokerto, making it a pivotal program. The results of this research are as follows: (1) The implementation of Rural Broadcasting by RRI Purwokerto began on October 1, 1968, despite various limitations. Together with RRI Yogyakarta, RRI Purwokerto succeeded in pioneering the implementation of rural broadcasting in Indonesia. (2) The community's high interest is evident in its response with the formation of "kelompen" or "kelompencapir" as activity forums in various villages in the Banyumas Regency and its surroundings. (3) Creativity in broadcast products, the high work ethic of the managers, as well as collaboration with relevant institutions, are key factors for success, making rural broadcasting a pivotal program for RRI Purwokerto.Keywords: Rural Broadcasting, RRI Purwokerto, creativity, kelompen/ kelompencapir