Optimal Design Program Research Articles

축하중을 고려한 스크롤 압축기 하부 프레임의 최적설계

In this research, a multi-objective optimal design of a scroll compressor lower frame was approximated, and the design parameters of the lower frame were selected. The sensitivity of the design parameters was induced through a parameter analysis, and the thickness was determined to be the most sensitive parameter to stress and deflection. All of the design parameters regarding the mass are sensitive factors. It was formulated for the problem about stress and deflection to be caused by the axial load. The sensitivity of the design variables was determined using an orthogonal array for the parameter analysis. Using the central composite and D-optimal designs, a second polynomial approximation of the objective and constraint functions was formulated and the accuracy was verified through an R-square. These functions were applied to the optimal design program (NSGA-II). Through a CAE analysis, the effectiveness of the central composite and D-optimal designs was determined.

Research on design method of the full form ship with minimum thrust deduction factor

In the preliminary design stage of the full form ships, in order to obtain a hull form with low resistance and maximum propulsion efficiency, an optimization design program for a full form ship with the minimum thrust deduction factor has been developed, which combined the potential flow theory and boundary layer theory with the optimization technique. In the optimization process, the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) interior point method of Nonlinear Programming (NLP) was proposed with the minimum thrust deduction factor as the objective function. An appropriate displacement is a basic constraint condition, and the boundary layer separation is an additional one. The parameters of the hull form modification function are used as design variables. At last, the numerical optimization example for lines of after-body of 50000 DWT product oil tanker was provided, which indicated that the propulsion efficiency was improved distinctly by this optimal design method.

Optimal pipe size design for looped irrigation water supply system using harmony search: Saemangeum project area.

Water supply systems are mainly classified into branched and looped network systems. The main difference between these two systems is that, in a branched network system, the flow within each pipe is a known value, whereas in a looped network system, the flow in each pipe is considered an unknown value. Therefore, an analysis of a looped network system is a more complex task. This study aims to develop a technique for estimating the optimal pipe diameter for a looped agricultural irrigation water supply system using a harmony search algorithm, which is an optimization technique. This study mainly serves two purposes. The first is to develop an algorithm and a program for estimating a cost-effective pipe diameter for agricultural irrigation water supply systems using optimization techniques. The second is to validate the developed program by applying the proposed optimized cost-effective pipe diameter to an actual study region (Saemangeum project area, zone 6). The results suggest that the optimal design program, which applies an optimization theory and enhances user convenience, can be effectively applied for the real systems of a looped agricultural irrigation water supply.

POBE: A Computer Program for Optimal Design of Multi-Subject Blocked fMRI Experiments

For functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, researchers can use multi-subject blocked designs to identify active brain regions for a certain stimulus type of interest. Before performing such an experiment, careful planning is necessary to obtain efficient stimulus effect estimators within the available financial resources. The optimal number of subjects and the optimal scanning time for a multi-subject blocked design with fixed experimental costs can be determined using optimal design methods. In this paper, the user-friendly computer program POBE 1.2 (program for optimal design of blocked experiments, version 1.2) is presented. POBE provides a graphical user interface for fMRI researchers to easily and efficiently design their experiments. The computer program POBE calculates the optimal number of subjects and the optimal scanning time for user specified experimental factors and model parameters so that the statistical efficiency is maximised for a given study budget. POBE can also be used to determine the minimum budget for a given power. Furthermore, a maximin design can be determined as efficient design for a possible range of values for the unknown model parameters. In this paper, the computer program is described and illustrated with typical experimental factors for a blocked fMRI experiment.

Research on Simulation of Applying SVC and STATCOM to Power System in Enterprises

Reactive power compensation utilizing SVC and STATCOM is the most important method to improve power quality. In this paper, the technical features of SVC and STATCOM are introduced and then a power system in enterprises is used as an example in order to show effectiveness of SVC and STATCOM. Determination of location where SVC and STATCOM should be installed and their capacity is important for enhancement of power system voltage stability. Considering different kind of failure in power grid in enterprises, this paper gives analysis of voltage changes and motor load losses of the power system, on the meantime taking into account of the influence of external grid failure. Based on PSD-BPA software and mathematical model, the optimal design program of reactive power compensation utilizing STATCOM is determined by comparing effectiveness of SVC and STATCOM. Test results show very encouraging result.

PODSE: A computer program for optimal design of trials with discrete-time survival endpoints

In experimental settings, one or more groups of subjects receive a treatment and they are compared to a group of subjects that receives a standard treatment or no treatment at all. These compared groups might have an equal number of subjects or some of the groups might have more participants relative to the other groups. Moreover, subjects in these groups can be followed over a short or a long period. To conduct experiments in a sufficient way, researchers should find a good design in the planning phase of the trial. The optimal design for experimental studies on event occurrence with discrete-time survival endpoints where two treatment groups are followed over time, is an optimal combination of the number of time periods, the total number of participants in the trial and the proportion of subjects in the experimental group. It is easy to find the best design for such studies using the PODSE program.

Optimization Design for Crushing Mechanism of Double Toggle Jaw Crusher

This paper conducts a comprehensive study on the optimization design for crushing mechanism of double toggle jaw crusher. The optimization aim is to reduce characteristic value of moving jaw plate, to raise capacity of jaw crusher, and to ensure entrance and outlet dimensions of jaw crusher. Firstly, formulae are derived for displacement of the topmost point and the bottommost point of moving jaw plate, and for the meshing angle between moving jaw plate and fixed jaw plate. Secondly, an optimization design model is established for the crushing mechanism. Finally, with C++ programming and half-penalty function method, an optimization design program is compiled for crushing mechanism of double toggle jaw crusher. Optimization is carried out for the crushing mechanism of PEJ900×1200 double toggle jaw crusher, and the optimization result is satisfactory. In the optimized crushing mechanism, the entrance and outlet dimensions and the maximum meshing angle and horizontal strokes of the topmost point and the bottommost point of moving jaw plate completely meet the design requirements. So, this paper makes it possible to raise the quality of double toggle jaw crusher.

미앤더 라인을 이용한 RFID 태그 안테나 최적 설계

In this paper, A tag antenna structure for RFID application with resonant frequency of 920㎒ is proposed using the meander line technique and Evolution Strategy. Miniaturization structure design for a tag antenna is performed by structure combining the half-wave dipole with a meander line. To achieve this, an interface program between a commercial EM analysis tool and the optimal design program is made for implementing the evolution strategy technique that seeks a global optimum of the objective function through the iterative design process consisting of variation and reproduction. The optimized tag antenna size is 63㎜ x 15㎜ x 1㎜. And the proposed antenna is realized on FR-4 substrate (ε<SUB>r</SUB>=4.4, tna δ=0.02).

진화전략 기법을 이용한 19.05GHz 고이득 4X4 배열 안테나 최적설계

In this paper, we propose a optimal design using the Evolution Strategy of a high gain 4x4 array antenna that have the resonant frequency of a 19.05㎓ with 18.86㎓~19.26㎓ bandwidth. The proposed array antenna structure is designed to be allocated equally electric power by microstrip patch power splitter. Thus the optimal array antenna with power splitter are determined by using an optimal design program based on the evolution strategy. To achieve this, an interface program between a commercial EM analysis tool and the optimal design program is constructed for implementing the evolution strategy technique that seeks a global optimum of the objective function through the iterative design process consisting of variation and reproduction. The simulation result of 4×4 array antenna is confirmed that the Gain is 19.36 dBi at resonance frequency 19.05㎓.

Chance-constrained multi-objective programming for optimal multi-layer aquifer remediation design

Groundwater remediation works are expensive, complex in nature, and generally involve uncertain design parameters and multiple conflicting objectives. Reduction in remediation cost is, normally, the primary objective of optimal remediation designs. Remediation time has significant influence on remediation cost. The main contributions of this study are: development of a chance-constrained multi-objective programming (CCMOP) model, exploration of the significance of flexible remediation time on optimal remediation designs, and exploration of some basic characteristics of multi-objective optimization algorithms. The developed methodology excludes inferior yet optimal solutions from the set of possible solutions, identifies the ranges in which non-inferior solutions lie, and prevents one from making inferior decisions. It provides insightful information about the problem and simplifies the decision making process considerably. The results suggest that by avoiding the use of faulty remediation times, highly significant amounts of remediation cost could be saved. The CCMOP is an effective uncertainty and reliability prediction technique.

Frequency Optimal Design Method and Application

A program for frequency optimal design of structure composed of bar, beam, plate is developed based on finite analysis system ZR[1] that finite element model, including mesh generation of truss element, beam element and plate element, is automatically generated. Because of integrated with three dimensional CAD, specification of boundary conditions and design variables can be finished based on the three dimensional CAD model, so user need not deal with nodal and element of finite model in the procedure of forming finite model and specifying mathematical problem for optimization. This paper introduces a new method how to insert the frequency sensitivity analysis process into the structural analysis program, integrate mathematical optimization method and design structure based frequency optimization. The program is applied to the optimal design of actual engineering. The results are acceptable.

Optimal Design of Integral Steering Linkage Based on Matlab/Simulink

The integral steering linkage is the key part on vehicle, which can ensure the Ackerman steer angle when steering. in this paper, The mathematical model of the Ackerman steering linkage is established. The author introduces the optimal design program for the Ackerman steering linkage with MATLAB optimtoolbox. With the program, users can obtain optimized calculating results by inputting basic structural parameters. Actual output angle and expected input angle curves variation with input angle is automatically drawn so as to facilitate users for analysis, comparison and selection. The proposed method is accurate and efficient to design the splitting Ackerman steering linkage.

Virtual Topology Design for Minimizing Network Diameter and Average Hop Count in WDM Networks

We design virtual topologies in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks to minimize the network diameter and average hop count, where network diameter refers to the number of hops of the longest shortest path and average hop count is the average number of hops among the shortest paths of all node pairs. Such objectives are important to WDM networks, especially to those with statistical multiplexing mechanisms such as optical burst switching (OBS) and optical packet switching (OPS). By minimizing the network diameter and average hop count, optical packets or bursts will experience less contention loss and smaller delay due to a reduced number of intermediate nodes en route. In this paper, we first formulate an integer linear program (ILP) for optimal design of virtual topologies with minimized network diameter and average hop count. Then, a novel heuristic least weight minimum diameter (LWMD) is proposed to find good solutions efficiently. Based on the virtual topology obtained, we further design two traffic accommodation schemes to provision wavelengths under a given traffic matrix, with guaranteed network diameter and minimized network resource consumption.

A Study on an Optimal Design of a Triple-band PIFA using the Evolution Strategy

In this paper, we study on an optimal design of a triple-band PIFA (Planar Inverted-F Antenna) of 433 MHz, 912 MHz and 2.45 GHz by using evolution strategy. Generally, the resonant frequency of the PIFA is determined by the width and length of a U-type slot used. However the resonant frequencies of the multiple U slots are varied by the mutual effect of the slots. Thus the optimal width and length of U-type slots are determined by using an optimal design program based on the evolution strategy. To achieve this, an interface program between a commercial EM analysis tool and the optimal design program is constructed for implementing the evolution strategy technique that seeks a global optimum of the objective function through the iterative design process consisting of variation and reproduction. The resonant frequencies of initial model are 439.5 MHz, 981.5 MHz and 2.563 GHz. However, the resonant frequencies of the triple-band PIFA yielded by the optimal design program are 430.5 MHz, 907 MHz and 2.4515 GHz. Measured resonant frequencies are 433.5 MHz, 905.5 MHz and 2.454GHz, which show a good agreement with the simulation results.

Controlled Optimal Design Program for the Logit Dose Response Model

The assessment of dose-response is an integral component of the drug development process. Parallel dose-response studies are conducted, customarily, in preclinical and phase 1, 2 clinical trials for this purpose. Practical constraints on dose range, dose levels and dose proportions are intrinsic issues in the design of dose response studies because of drug toxicity, efficacy, FDA regulations, protocol requirements, clinical trial logistics, and marketing issues. We provide a free on-line software package called <b>Controlled Optimal Design 2.0</b> for generating controlled optimal designs that can incorporate prior information and multiple objectives, and meet multiple practical constraints at the same time. Researchers can either run the web-based design program or download its stand-alone version to construct the desired multiple-objective controlled Bayesian optimal designs. Because researchers often adopt ad-hoc design schemes such as the equal allocation rules without knowing how efficient such designs would be for the design problem, the program also evaluates the efficiency of user-supplied designs.

진화 알고리즘을 이용한 삼중 대역 PIFA 최적 설계 프로그램의 구현

본 논문에서는 진화 알고리즘을 이용하여 U형 슬롯을 갖는 433 MHz, 912 MHz 및 2.45 GHz의 삼중 대역 PIFA(Planar Inverted-F Antenna)를 설계할 수 있는 프로그램 구현에 대해 다룬다. 일반적으로 U형 슬롯의 넓이와 길이에 따라 개구형 공진 주파수를 결정할 수 있으나, 두 개의 U형 슬롯의 영향으로 공진 주파수가 변화하기 때문에 진화 알고리즘을 이용한 최적 설계 프로그램을 통하여 최적의 U형 슬롯의 넓이와 길이를 구하였다. 변이와 재생산의 반복 과정을 통해 설계 목표에 적합한 설계 변수 값을 찾는 진화 알고리즘을 자동화하기 위하여 상용 전자장 해석 프로그램과 최적 설계 프로그램간의 연동 인터페이스를 구축하였다. 구현한 최적 설계 프로그램을 통한 삼중 대역 PIFA 시뮬레이션 결과는 430 MHz, 910.5 MHz 및 2.458 GHz의 공진 주파수를 갖는다. In this paper, we deal with the development of an optimal design program for a triple-band PTFA(Planar Inverted-F Antenna) of 433 MHz, 912 MHz and 2.45 GHz by using evolution strategy. Generally, the resonance frequency of the PIFA is determined by the width and length of a U-type slot used. However the resonance frequencies of the multiple U slots are varied by the mutual effect of the slots. Thus the optimal width and length of U-type slots are determined by using an optimal design program based on the evolution strategy. To achieve this, an interface program between a commercial EM analysis tool and the optimal design program is constructed for implementing the evolution strategy technique that seeks a global optimum of the objective function through the iterative design process consisting of variation and reproduction. The resonance frequencies of the triple-band PIFA yielded by the optimal design program are 430 MHz, 910.5 MHz and 2.458 GHz that show a good agreement to the design target values.

Fuzzy optimization of pneumatic half-floating slide ways

Dynamic modeling was carried on by combining the dynamic of machinery with composite triology, and the critical condition in which the ways would not produce composite-friction self-excited vibration was obtained. The movement regularity and characteristic of the airflow in exhaust gas slit were analyzed, and the relationship between pressure lost and geometry parameters of exhaust gas slit was obtained. A dynamic model and a mathematical model were established for pneumatic half-floating slide ways by combining the dynamics of machinery with hydrokinetics. The objective function for the optimization of slide ways was established based on the fuzzy optimization theory. The membership function of fuzzy constraint was deduced, the fuzzy constraint limit was established by amplification coefficient method, and the optimal value was resolved by the multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By combining the internal penalty function method with the variable metric method, the fuzzy optimization design program of ways was designed based on the Matlab platform. The validation was carried on by an example, and ideal results of fuzzy optimization design of slide ways were obtained.

A program for individual and population optimal design for univariate and multivariate response pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic models

The design of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic experiments concerns a number of issues, among which are the number of observations and the times when they are taken. Often a model is used to describe these data and the pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic behavior of a drug. Knowledge of the data analysis model at the design stage is beneficial for collecting patient data for parameter estimation. A number of criteria for model-oriented experiments, which maximize the information content of the data, are available. In this paper we present a program, Popdes, to investigate the D-optimal design of individual and population multivariate response models, such as pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic, physiologically based pharmacokinetic, and parent drug and metabolites models. A pre-clinical and clinical pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic model describing the concentration–time profile and effect of an oncology compound in development is used for illustration.

Incorporation of slope design into optimal pit design algorithms

The design of an optimum open-pit requires an estimate of a set of average and safe slope angles. Pit slope angles may vary throughout a deposit to accommodate varying rock characteristics and ore/waste ratios. If insufficient geotechnical information is available, the pit slopes may be found from other mines of similar size and geological conditions. If the mine is in operation, predefined or existing pit slopes can be used in the design of the optimum pit. Two approaches are described and associated computer programs for the estimation of a set of safe average pit slopes for use in an optimal pit design program are presented. The first approach determines the steepest safe angle by kinematic analysis; the second includes methods for the design of slopes by limit equilibrium analysis in terms of the safety factor or the probability of failure determined by application of the Monte Carlo simulation technique.

A Windows program for optimal open pit design with variable slope angles

ABSTRACT This paper describes the structure and operation of an interactive Windows software package for determining optimum open pits with variable slope angles. It is based on the Lerchs-Grossmann algorithm and is capable of taking advantage of all available computer memory thus allowing the design of optimum pits for large, complex, deposits. The software provides for interactive slope design and includes graphical and numerical displays of the input data and the results of optimisation.