Prognosis Of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Research Articles

Effects of Concentrated Growth Factor and Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis on the Prognosis of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland

Introduction: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a common salivary gland malignancy. As studies reported on large cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid glands are few, this paper aims to research the effects of clinical and pathological factors, such as applying concentrated growth factor (CGF) on repairing and cervical lymph node metastasis, on the prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland.
 Methods: The retrospective analysis of prognostic factors was conducted based on 176 cases with mucoepidermoidcarcinoma of the parotid gland, who received treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College during the period of March 2000 to March 2012.
 Results: The Five-year overall survival rate was 75.57%, while the Five-year tumor-free survival rate was 64.77%. Univariate analysis showed that the influential factors for the prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland included surgical approach, tumor size, clinical stage, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, etc; among which pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis were indicated by multivariate analysis to be the independent risk factors.
 Conclusion: The survival rate of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland is relatively high. Lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, and distant metastasis are the independent risk factors that affect the prognosis of patients with mucous epidermis carcinoma of the parotid gland.

Primary lung mucoepidermoid carcinoma: analysis of prognostic factors using surveillance, epidemiology and end results program.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) primarily occurs in salivary glands, but can also arise in other organs; however, the impact of primary location on patient prognosis is largely unknown. Using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) data we investigated whether the clinical and prognostic features of MEC differed among multiple organ sites. The SEER-18 dataset from 18 cancer registries in the US between 1972 and 2012 was chosen. The common organ sites with 100 or more cases were further analyzed. Survival analysis included Log-rank tests of Kaplan-Meier curves and univariate/multivariate proportional hazard analysis. A total of 7,191 MEC cases with survival data were identified in the SEER data. Major salivary gland (MSG) was the primary site in 52.9% of cases, followed by gum and other mouth (23.6%), lung (5.9%), tongue (3.4%) and others. Compared to MSG-MEC, primary lung MEC had significantly more patients with age <=70, diagnosis in 2002 and earlier, distant stage, undetermined grade and nonsurgical treatment. Primary lung MEC, older age, male gender, early year of diagnosis, distant stage, high histologic grade and radiation alone were significantly associated with poor 5-year disease-specific survival rate. Among patients with primary lung MEC, univariate analysis demonstrated that those with main bronchus or upper lobe primary sites had significantly decreased 5-year disease-specific survival rate. This study suggests that there is a major difference in prognosis of MEC among primary sites. Primary lung MEC might have poor prognosis over MSG-MEC.

Impact of CRTC1/3-MAML2 fusions on histological classification and prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma

The aim of study was to evaluate the impact of CRTC1-MAML2 and CRTC3-MAML2 fusions on the histological classification of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary glands and on the prognosis of patients. MEC cases (n = 111) were screened for CRTC1-MAML2 and CRTC3-MAML2 fusions by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We developed a system of 'molecular Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) classification' that combined the AFIP histological classification proposed by Goode et al. and the presence of CRTC1-MAML2 or CRTC3-MAML2 fusions. MEC cases positive for CRTC1-MAML2 or CRTC3-MAML2 fusion formed a favourable tumour subset that was distinct from fusion-negative cases. When positive for the fusions, 'high-risk' patients, including those with a higher histological grade or an advanced clinical stage, showed an excellent prognosis. For overall survival, 'molecular AFIP classification' was selected as a powerful independent prognostic factor (P=0.0038), as was the clinical stage (P =0.0032). For disease-free survival, 'molecular AFIP classification' was also selected as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.0006). Molecular AFIP classification may be useful in predicting the prognosis of patients with MEC.

Abstract LB-289: Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the minor salivary glands

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the minor salivary glands as potential predictors of tumor behavior. Intratumoral and peritumoral neoformed (NMVD) and lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) were evaluated by CD105 and D2–40 immunohistochemistry, respectively. D2–40, VEGF-A, and VEGF-C immunoexpression were also investigated in tumor parenchyma. Twenty-six paraffin-embedded MEC samples were included in the study. Palate (50%) and buccal mucosa (19.2%) were the main affected sites. Sixteen (61.5%) tumors were low-grade, 6 (23.1%) intermediate-grade, and 4 (15.4%) high-grade. Twenty (77%) cases were clinically T1-T2, and 6 (23%) were T3-T4. Nodal metastasis occurred in 3 (11.5%) cases and distant metastasis in 1 (3.8%). Three (11.5%) cases recurred, and 3 (11.5%) patients died from disease. NMVD mean was 19.58±13.91 (400x field) for intratumoral evaluation and 10.90±7.79 (400x field) for peritumoral evaluation. LMVD mean was 5.66±3.43 (400x field) for peritumoral evaluation and 0.54±3.43 (400x field) for intratumoral evaluation. Just 6 (23.1%) cases reveal intratumoral lymphatic vessels. Twenty-two (84,6%) cases showed D2–40 in neoplastic cells, mainly in epidermoid type. Fifteen (57.7%) cases were positive for VEGFA, and 11 (42.3%) were positive for VEGF-C. A positive association was observed between VEGF-A positivity and intratumoral NMVD (p=0.05). Cases with nodal metastasis, altogether, were related to low intratumoral NMVD, high peritumoral LMVD, D2–40 expression and absence of VEGF-A. Distant metastasis was associated with low intratumoral NMVD, high peritumoral LMVD, D2–40 positivity and absence of VEGF-A and VEGF-C expression. Recurrent cases presented low intratumoral NMVD, and absence of VEGF-A and VEGF-C expression. Low intratumoral NMVD, and D2–40 positive cells were found in all tumors of patients that died of the disease. In conclusion, although NMVD, LMVD, D2–40, VEGF-A, and VEGF-C could not predict the prognosis of MEC, intratumoral NMVD, peritumoral LMVD, D2–40 and VEGF-A expression seems play a role in the occurrence of a worse behavior in this disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-289. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-289

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of minor salivary glands: a clinical study of 16 cases and review of the literature

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant tumor of salivary glands with a widely diverse biologic behavior that is correlated with the histological grade of the tumor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of MEC of minor salivary glands in a group of 16 patients, who were treated in our clinic, and to discuss the management of this carcinoma. Between 1985 and 2000, 16 patients with MEC of minor salivary glands were treated in the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the 'G. Papanikolaou' General Hospital, in Thessaloniki. The age range was 16-65 years. The distribution of the primary sites was: hard plate (one), soft palate (two), hard and soft palate (three), hard and soft palate with spread in paranasal sinus and nasal cavity (one), buccal mucosa (three), hard palate, alveolar process and buccal mucosa (two), and retromolar triangle (our). The tumors were clinically staged according to the tumor nodes metastase (TNM) system (Seifert, 1991). All patients were treated radically with surgery. The surgery was combined with radiotherapy in nine patients. Radiotherapy was delivered using Co-60. Doses ranged from 50 to 60 Gy and the duration of the therapy ranged from 25 to 35 days. Immunohistochemical assay of the expression of the Ki-67 antigen was performed on a subset of 15 cases. The mean follow-up range was 4-14 years. From the 16 patients with MECs 10 (62.5%) were alive and five (35.6%) had died from the disease. Four patients were free of the disease for more than 5 years (range 8-14), five patients were free of the disease for 5 years and one patient was free of the disease for 4 years. One patient lived more than 10 years and died from another cause. Local recurrence developed in one patient 10 years after the initial treatment. Lymph node metastases occurred in one patient within the first year after the initial surgical treatment. Distant metastases (two in bones and one in lungs) occurred in three patients within 2 years after completing the treatment. The Pearson chi-square statistical analysis was used for comparing the Ki-67 values in correlation with histological grade of the tumors. The Ki-67 expression was only 1% in low-grade MECs, while in intermediate-grade tumors it was estimated between 3 and 4%. The high-grade tumors had increased expression (10%) of tumor cells. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for MECs. Adequate excision is important in all grades of tumors. Prognosis of MECs is a function of the histological grade, adequacy of excision and clinical staging. The immunohistochemical study of Ki-67 expression may provide additional prognostic information for this tumor.

Expression of MMP-2 and E-CD in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma and its correlation with infiltration, metastasis and prognosis

To study the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and E-cadherin (E-CD) in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and their relationship with clinical stages, pathological grading, lymph node metastasis and prognosis. Surgical specimens of salivary mucoepidermiod carcinoma and normal salivary gland tissue were collected. MMP-2 and E-CD were stained immunohistochemically with streptavidin peroxidase method. The expression of MMP-2 was increased and the expression of E-CD was reduced or negative in salivary mucoepidemoid carcinoma compared with those of the normal salivary gland. Expression of MMP-2 and E-CD was closely correlated with lymph node metastasis of the mucoepidermoid carcinoma. MMP-2 was positively correlated with the prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and E-CD was negatively correlated to the prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The expression of MMP-2 and E-CD is closely correlated with the metastasis and prognosis of salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the mandible: Findings of panoramic radiography and computed tomography

Six patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the mandible were studied with both panoramic radiography and computed tomography. Lesion shape and margin were evaluated on panoramic radiography, and bony expansion and cortical plate destruction were evaluated on computed tomography. In addition, a possible correlation among radiographic findings, histologic findings, and prognosis was investigated. Lesions found on panoramic radiography were classified into three types; each type pertained to two of the six patients. The lesion types were as follows: cystic, characterized by a large, cystic radiolucent area; rarefying, characterized by rarefying changes of the trabeculae; and infiltrative, characterized by a central ill-defined area of bony destruction. The results show that computed tomography is useful in the identification of tumor extent, bony expansion, and cortical plate destruction resulting from tumors. None of the patients whose lesions were of the cystic or rarefying type showed evidence of disease after surgery. In contrast, both of the patients whose lesions were of the infiltrative type died of their tumors. Histologic findings of the cystic and rarefying types showed tumors that were well-differentiated or moderately well-differentiated, whereas findings of the infiltrative type showed poorly differentiated tumors. Radiographic findings correlated with histologic findings and prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the mandible in this limited series.

Treatment and prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the pediatric age group.

Although mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant salivary neoplasm in adults, it occurs rarely in the pediatric age group. A retrospective study of 15 pediatric cases from 1954 to 1984 showed that 13 of the patients were 10 to 15 years old, and 11 were female. The parotid (11/15) and the palate (4/15) were the sites involved. Tumors were graded into three categories: well differentiated (grade I), moderately differentiated (grade II), and poorly differentiated (grade III). Tumor grade influenced the method and outcome of treatment. Wide local composite resection was used for palatal tumors, and total parotidectomy (with or without nerve resection) and nodal dissection was the technique selected for parotid tumors. No nodal or distant metastases were present in the poorly differentiated tumor category (2/15). A follow-up period of ten years or more was possible in 90% of the cases. The prognosis for those studied is excellent, and there have been no deaths attributable to the malignant process.