Profit Potential Research Articles

A Systematic Literature Review: Business Feasibility Analysis Using Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Methods in the Automotive Industry

This research evaluates business feasibility in the manufacturing sector using the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) methods. Both of these methods are financial analysis tools that play an important role in making investment decisions, especially in projects that require large capital investments and face market uncertainty. The NPV method assesses the potential profit of a project based on the time value of money, while the IRR identifies the minimum rate of return required for the investment to be viable. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to compile and analyze various studies that discuss the application of NPV and IRR in the manufacturing industry. By comprehensively understanding the application of these two methods, it is hoped that manufacturing companies can conduct more accurate investment assessments and maximize the sustainability of business projects.

Pengaruh Manajemen Hutang, Piutang, Persediaan, terhadap Profitabilitas dengan Arus Kas sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Perusahaan Sektor Kesehatan yang terdaftar BEI

This Research Has The Purpose Of Analyzing The Effect Of Debt Management, Receivables Management, And Inventory Management On Company Profitability With Cash Flow As An Intervening Variable. The Techniques Applied Include Quantitative Descriptive Research Design, With Statistics Taken Through The Annual Reports Of Health Sub-Sector Companies Listed On The Stock Exchange! Indonesia During The Period Of 2019 To 2022. The Research Population Consists Of 12 Companies, With Samples Obtained By The Purposive Sampling Method, So That 5 Companies Are Obtained For The Object Of The Research. The Research Results State That Inventory Management Has A Significant Influence On Profitability, While Debt Management And Receivables Management Do Not Show A Significant Influence On Profitability Or Cash Flow. In Addition, Cash Flow Does Not Work As A Significant Intervening Variable In The Relationship Between Debt, Receivable, And Inventory Management On Profitability. This Finding Indicates That Efficient Inventory Management Can Improve Cash Flow And, In Turn, Contribute To The Company's Profitability. However, Less-Off Debt And Receivable Management Can Hinder The Company's Profit Potential. This Research Provides Important Implications For Company Management In The Health Sub-Sector To Focus More On Inventory And Cash Flow Management To Improve Financial Performance. In Addition, The Results Of This Research Also Show The Need For A More Holistic Strategy In Financial Management, Which Does Not Only Focus On One Aspect, But Also Integrates Debt, Receivable, And Inventory Management Effectively. Thus, Companies Can Achieve Better And Sustainable Profitability In The Future.

Studi Kelayakan Investasi Pengembangan UMKM di Sektor Kuliner

The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility study of investment in developing MSMEs in the culinary sector. The objects of this study are from the aspect of business feasibility studies, namely: 1) Marketing aspects; 2) Legal aspects; and 3) Social and economic aspects. The study of business feasibility analysis in culinary MSME businesses uses qualitative research methods which are carried out in analyzing and assessing the feasibility of developing a business. Qualitative data obtained based on the results of interviews and observations. The results of this study found that the development of culinary MSMEs has great potential, especially with the right marketing approach, a deep understanding of market potential, and a mature investment feasibility analysis. In conducting a feasibility study, it is important to consider marketing aspects, market potential, and realistic financial analysis so that culinary businesses can develop and compete sustainably. The feasibility study of investment in the development of MSMEs in the culinary sector provides a clearer picture of business prospects, the risks involved, and the potential profits that can be obtained.

Optimization of Stock Investment Strategy with The Fibonacci Retracement Method to Determine Take Profit and Stop Loss

This research aims to assess the effectiveness of Fibonacci retracement in establishing take profit and stop loss levels for stocks within the LQ45 Index. The study utilizes a quantitative approach with a descriptive method, analyzing daily stock price data from January 2021 to December 30, 2021, through the Fibonacci retracement indicator. The research sample comprises 10 companies listed in the LQ45 Index, selected based on specific criteria. The results demonstrate that Fibonacci retracement is effective in pinpointing significant levels for determining take profit and stop loss, achieving an effectiveness rate of 74%. Fibonacci levels such as 38.2% and 61.8% have proven to be crucial references in establishing take profit and stop loss positions. These findings endorse the use of Fibonacci retracement as a technical analysis tool capable of maximizing profit potential while minimizing losses, particularly in markets experiencing an uptrend or downtrend.

PENGARUH ARUS KAS OPERASI DAN LABA BERSIH TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR LOGISTIK DAN PENGANTARAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

The growth of e-commerce and increasing people's purchasing power has boosted logistics and shipping, thereby attracting investors to invest. Shares are the most popular investment instrument because of their profit potential, even though share prices often fluctuate. To minimize risk, investors need to understand the company's performance. This research aims to assess the impact of operating cash flow and net profit on the share prices of companies belonging to the logistics and shipping sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. and is expected to become a reference for further research. The quantitative method used is a purposive sampling technique. There are 11 sample companies with a total of 33 data from annual financial reports on logistics and shipping sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data were analyzed using several methods, including Normality Test, Product Moment Correlation Test, Multiple Correlation Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Coefficient of Determination Test, t Test, and F Test. Based on the results of the t test carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25, it was found that Operating cash flow and net profit have a partially negative and significant impact on share prices. However, the F test results show that operating cash flow and net profit simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on share prices.

Profitability Analysis of Cold-Water Fish Farming in Northern Pakistan: A Case Study of Aziz Trout Farm District Chitral

Analysis of economic profitability is essential for establishing the financial viability of any business enterprise. In the context of trout farming in the Pakistani district of Chitral, this study evaluates the financial implications of this profitable and sustainable technique. In July of 2020, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on profitability indicators for the study. The investigation reveals that the overall cost of producing 398 kilograms of fish on the farm was 596,013 rupees. This cost analysis offers great insight into the economic ramifications of trout farming in the region. In addition, the study indicates a good Benefit-cost ratio of 1.67, demonstrating that the benefits of trout farming outweigh the associated expenses. Additionally, the Rate of Return on Investment (RRI) is an amazing 0.78, further demonstrating the enterprise's profitability. The Variable Cost (RVC), which has a large value of 0.60, is one of the main aspects that contribute to the profitability of trout farming. This illustrates the potential profitability and cost-effectiveness of trout farming in District Chitral. The study demonstrates that fish farming, specifically trout farming, offers individuals a lucrative option to support themselves. With its favorable financial indicators and potential for long-term profitability, trout farming is a viable source of income for residents in the region.

Optimizing LNG efficiency by implementing reliquefaction technology to reduce boil-off gas and enhance profitability

Run an analysis of this abstract, focusing on its relevance, format, flow, and coherence. Technological advancements compel companies to enhance the efficiency of their business operations, including those in the oil and gas sector. Natural gas, particularly Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), is a vital commodity in significant demand. A primary challenge within the LNG supply chain is minimizing the losses caused by gas evaporation (boil-off gas) during distribution and reception. This study proposes the implementation of a reliquefaction plant on a 170,000 m³ Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (FSRU). Through this innovative approach, this study aims to optimize the utilization of Boil-off Gas (BOG) and augment the company's revenue. The results indicate that the liquefaction plant can reduce BOG by 77 percent, significantly outperforming conventional methods. The economic feasibility analysis revealed a Net Present Value (NPV) of $82,892,970 and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 25 percent, suggesting substantial profit potential. Furthermore, the reliquefaction of 1,777.6 MMBtu BOG per day could potentially increase the company's revenue by IDR 94,078,421,500 annually, surpassing initial estimates. This study contributes significantly to the advancement of more efficient LNG management technologies, providing concrete solutions to minimize energy waste and enhance profitability within the LNG industry. These findings facilitate the implementation of similar technologies at other LNG facilities, potentially transforming industry-wide practices.

Monte Carlo Simulation Forecasting the Prices of Selected Stocks in the Automotive Sector

Investors are exposed to risk and uncertainty because of changes in financial markets’ prices. Investors perceive the risks associated with changes in the market prices as higher due to inaccuracy in predicting future returns because of fluctuations in prices. For this reason, they adopt different risk management methods that reduce or eliminate these risks. This research relies on Monte Carlo Simulation technique in predicting forthcoming yield rates from three companies operating under Turkish automotive segment namely, Dogus Automotive (DOAS), Tofas (TOASO) and Ford Otosan (FROTO). The simulation, which runs from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, gives investors research-based insights that help them make strategic investment choices in times of high volatility in the market. According to the results, by modeling prospective future scenarios, MCS can be employed as a viable means of predicting stock prices in financial markets which subsequently helps people make rational investments thereby securing profitable ventures. Furthermore, this study offers practical suggestions in the form of MCS-generated volatility ranges. Investors can determine when it is advisable to buy or sell stocks in order to reduce potential losses and increase profits by setting realistic price objectives and allocating the portfolio differently in accordance with these calls.

Investment Feasibility Study with the Capital Budgeting Method for the Construction Project of Facilities for Overnight Parking Services at APT Pranoto Airport in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan

The rapid development of transportation infrastructure has significantly increased the demand for vehicle parking facilities, particularly at strategic locations such as APT Pranoto Airport in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. This study evaluates the investment feasibility of constructing an overnight parking facility at the airport. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, financial analysis methods—including Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Profitability Index (PI)—were applied. Primary data were collected through interviews with project managers and airport officials. The findings indicate that the current parking facilities are insufficient to meet demand, especially during peak seasons. Financial feasibility tests confirmed the project’s viability, with positive NPV values, an IRR surpassing the required rate of return, a PI exceeding 1, and a short payback period. These results demonstrate the project’s potential profitability and its ability to enhance service quality. Consequently, this investment is recommended as a sustainable initiative to support the airport’s increasing transportation needs and promote operational efficiency.

Decision Support System for Recommendation Sharia Banking Investment Products Using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

The swift expansion of Islamic banking has resulted in the creation of many investment products, such as mudharabah deposits, sukuk, and Islamic mutual funds, all compliant with sharia rules. Notwithstanding this advancement, the customers' inadequate financial literacy presents considerable obstacles in identifying appropriate investment alternatives that correspond with their objectives and risk appetite. This work seeks to fill this gap by creating a Decision Support System (DSS) that employs the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method to aid users in making educated decisions on Islamic banking investments. The SAW technique was selected for its straightforwardness and efficacy in normalizing data and assessing alternatives according to established criteria, including profit potential, risk level, investment duration, and compliance with sharia principles. The research encompassed multiple phases, including the identification of evaluation criteria, the collection and analysis of pertinent data, and the application of the SAW method to rank investment choices. The DSS effectively delivered precise and dependable suggestions, designating Sharia Deposits as the optimal investment choice due to its robust agreement with the established criteria. The results underscore the system's capability to improve financial inclusion and literacy, especially in Indonesia, where comprehension of sharia-compliant financial products is still inadequate. Future improvements to the DSS involve the incorporation of real-time data and the expansion of its application to include more financial industries, such as insurance and microfinance. This study highlights the importance of utilizing technology to address deficiencies in financial literacy and facilitate the sustainable development of the Islamic banking sector.

Incessant Price Increase of Petroleum Products and Entrepreneurial Sustainability in Nigeria: The Case of Delta State

The continuous rise in petroleum prices poses significant challenges for entrepreneurial sustainability in Nigeria, particularly impacting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Delta State. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of fuel price increases on SMEs' operational costs, profitability, and long-term viability. Utilizing a mixed survey methods approach of data from 200 SMEs and interviews of 50 entrepreneurs reveal that rising fuel costs elevate business operational cost, reduce profitability, and constrain growth potential. The study also assesses the effectiveness of government policies to address the challenges posed by the incessant price increase and found that the current support measures are insufficient to alleviate the financial strain on SMEs. Recommendations include government-backed subsidies for renewable energy adoption, tax relief, infrastructure investment, and training in cost management to enhance SMEs' resilience against fluctuating fuel prices. These insights will contribute to policy discussions aimed at fostering economic stability and sustainability for Nigeria's entrepreneurial sector.

Exploring the Feasibility of Sorghum Farming in South Africa Using Garrett’s Ranking Technique

The potential for sorghum to be the driver of economic development in Sub-Saharan economies, including South Africa, is enormous. However, there has been a notable decline in the production, use, and consumption of sorghum due to the changes in preferences and lifestyle of its consumers in Southern Africa. While existing and extant studies have studied the benefits and impacts of sorghum on the African economy, there is an inadequate understanding of the feasibility of sorghum farming in South Africa using Garrett’s ranking technique. As a result, this study explores the feasibility of sorghum farming in the Nyoni area of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. Hence, a survey was conducted with a sample size of 150 respondents that were purposively selected. An interview schedule was also used to collect primary data, and the data were analyzed using Garrett’s ranking technique. The results of this study indicated that edaphic factors, climatic factors, volatile markets, information transfers, education, drought resistance variety, access to credit, and technological advancement were critical in making sorghum farming feasible in the Nyoni area of KwaZulu Natal. Therefore, this study recommends that there is an overarching need to explore the feasibility of sorghum farming, starting at a smaller scale until a more stable state of marketability and potential profitability has been established.

The “Instructional Design 101” Course: Development of a Commercial Online Course with Microlearning Approach

In light of the burgeoning advancement of digital technologies and the subsequent rise of online courses, this study seeks to explore the commercial potential of an online course titled "Introduction to Instructional Design." This course leverages the innovative approach of microlearning, breaking down complex concepts into manageable modules. Given the growing demand for digital learning tools, the commercial viability of such a course is becoming increasingly significant, thereby presenting a promising avenue for educators, institutions, and course developers. The study employed the ADDIE model for course creation, which entails Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This approach ensures a comprehensive analysis of the learner's needs and course objectives. The developed course comprises a curriculum of 10 modules, each containing six submodules, alongside video and text-based learning materials. Expert review yielded a weighted mean of 3.42, denoting the course as 'effective.' The findings underline the relevance and potential profitability of such a course in the current digital learning landscape.

Waste Analysis of the International Delivery Service Process Using Lean Six Sigma in Logistics Service Provider Companies

International shipping poses challenges such as customs clearance delays, slow delivery speeds, and process bottlenecks, leading to time wasstage, increased costs, and potential profit losses. These issues impact specific processes and customer satisfaction. Lean Six Sigma offers a robust framework for identifying and eliminating waste in international shipping processes. Applying the lean service approach, we identified four key waste types in international shipping: delay, duplication, unnecessary movement, and error. However, a Pareto diagram highlighted delay and error as critical culprits, with sigma values of 1.85 for delay and 2.92, 3.46, 3.77 for the three error types, respectively. These low sigma values indicate significant room for improvement After conducting an impact analysis and failure mode analysis (FMEA), four improvement recommendations were proposed: the implementation of an online shipping form filling system, providing customs training to all counter employees, and creating SOPs for inspection processes at the warehouse. These recommendations form a roadmap for international shipping companies to embrace Lean Six Sigma, enhancing efficiency, reducing costs, and improving customer satisfaction.

Investasi di Pasar Modal : Mengelola Risiko dan Meraih Keuntungan

The capital market plays a significant role in modern economies by providing a platform for individuals and companies to raise funds and invest. This study explores the dynamics of capital market investments, focusing on managing risks and maximizing returns. The objective is to understand the types of risks involved in capital market investments and identify strategies for effective risk management. The research uses qualitative methods, reviewing literature and analyzing case studies of successful capital market investments. The findings suggest that diversification, hedging, and portfolio management are key strategies in minimizing risks, while long-term investments and active trading offer significant profit potential. The study concludes that a deep understanding of market conditions, coupled with risk management techniques, is essential for investors to achieve sustainable profits. The implications of this research highlight the importance of financial education in making informed investment decisions and the role of the capital market in economic growth.

Deep Learning and Remote Sensing for Restoring Abandoned Agricultural Lands in the Middle Volga (Russia)

Abandoned agricultural lands in the Middle Volga region of Russia, which appeared because of socio-economic transformations after the collapse of the USSR and the liquidation of collective farms, represent a significant potential for increasing agricultural production and economic development of the region. This study develops a comprehensive approach to assessing the suitability of these lands for return to agricultural turnover using machine learning methods and remote sensing data. Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and a deep neural network based on MAnet architecture with Mix Vision Transformer encoder (MiT-b5), which achieved an accuracy of 93.4% and an IoU coefficient of 0.84, were used for semantic segmentation of modern agricultural land. Land use dynamics since 1985 were analysed using Landsat 4–9 data, revealing significant areas of abandoned arable land. Land suitability was assessed, taking into account natural resource factors such as topography, soils and climatic conditions. The results showed that the total area of land suitable for reclaimed land is 2,014,845 ha, which could lead to an increase in wheat yield by 7.052 million tons. The potential cumulative net profit is estimated at 35.26 billion rubles (about US$352.6 million). The main conclusions indicate the significant economic and social potential of returning abandoned land to agricultural turnover, which requires a comprehensive approach that includes investment in infrastructure and the introduction of modern agro-technologies.

Segregating Laterals for Efficient Gas Re-Injection in Shale Plays Using Smart Completion

There is a strong global demand for oil and gas resources, and forecasts indicate robust growth in oil demand in the coming years. Meeting this demand necessitates the exploitation of unconventional resources and enhancing the recovery of existing oil and gas fields. Field trials indicate that traditional gas injection in shale wells has low sweeping efficiency. Emerging technologies play an exceedingly significant role in solving the challenges of gas EOR in shale and tight formations. Among these advancements, smart or intelligent well technology has emerged as a promising solution to enhance field development outcomes. This study focuses on improving gas flooding efficiency in the Bakken formation by utilizing smart completions to reduce the gas–oil ratio (GOR) and increase oil recovery. An economic assessment of gas re-injection is conducted, considering both gas storage and enhanced oil recovery, with analysis incorporating capital expenditures, operating costs, and revenue from increased production. Reservoir simulations were employed to determine the most effective gas injection scenarios for maximizing recovery and storage efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that 20% of perforated laterals account for 80% of the injected gas. To address this challenge, this work proposes using smart completions to segregate lateral sections, thereby optimizing gas injection efficiency, and unlocking additional oil in tight formations. Segregating horizontal laterals for gas re-injection using smart completion technology can achieve gas injection efficiencies of up to 0.25 barrels per Mcf of gas injected, with lower incremental gas production. The optimal injection rate is between 1 MMcfd and 3 MMcfd, with an injection period ranging from one to three years. It was also found that injecting gas into the toe section results in high bottom hole pressure but lower oil recovery due to reduced gas injection efficiency. From an economic perspective, the project yielded favorable outcomes, with a positive net present value (NPV) at a 7% discount rate. Even at lower oil prices (USD 50 per barrel), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) was calculated to be 170%, indicating strong potential profitability.

An analysis of geographical indications in terms of international, bilateral and regional agreements

Abstract A geographical indication (GI) serves as a quality label that identifies and assures a product’s origin for consumers, highlighting its unique features and the link between these characteristics and its geographical source. Registering a GI provides protection for products that have earned a reputation based on their quality, tradition, regionally sourced raw materials, and local attributes. GIs play a dual role: they not only help transmit local culture to future generations and promote economic development within a country, but they also encompass products with substantial profit potential in international trade. Items such as cheeses, processed animal products, and naturally grown goods (e.g., hazelnuts, grapes, figs) are commonly traded internationally under GI protections. This study aims to analyze international, bilateral, and regional agreements related to GIs, specifically those covering appellations of origin. The analysis includes the 1883 Paris Convention, the 1891 Madrid Convention, the 1958 Lisbon Agreement, and more recent agreements on trade-related intellectual property rights under the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as bilateral and regional agreements on GIs among countries. Although these agreements address international disputes and trade matters concerning GI products, findings indicate that they can also lead to various challenges between countries regarding the protection and trade of these products. Keywords: Agricultural Trade, Geographical Indication, TRIPS, International Trade Agreements, WTO, Intellectual Property JEL Classification: F13, F15, O34, Q17

Global sourcing under tariffs: A perspective of time series analysis

Global sourcing is a complex process to acquire products and services from international sources, and therefore is subject to various disruptions. This paper focuses on the effects of the large-scale tariffs during 2018–2019 on global sourcing behaviors. Drawing on tariff implications from analytic models of global supply network design, we specifically examine the patterns of global sourcing and how tariffs could disrupt global supply chains by investigating time series of monthly sourced amounts. We draw 222 manufacturing firms from the FactSet Shipping database, with 3,348,595 unique observations covering time period between January 2014 and December 2019. By applying multivariate time series clustering algorithm, we identify seven unique clusters for these firms. We further examine the disruptive effects of these tariffs by using intervention analysis of time series in each cluster. The results of intervention analysis demonstrates that disruptive effects differ in each cluster. An additional analysis reveals that firm size, growth potential, and firm profitability are associated with firms’ ability to deal with disruptions. Overall, our results have important implications for global supply chain management.

Optimizing energy-efficient grid performance: integrating electric vehicles, DSTATCOM, and renewable sources using the Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm

The rapid increase in renewable energy integration and electric vehicle (EV) adoption creates significant challenges for the stability and efficiency of power distribution networks. This study addresses the need for optimized placement and sizing of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCSs), photovoltaic (PV) systems, and Distribution Static Compensators (DSTATCOMs) to enhance grid performance. The motivation for this work arises from the fluctuating nature of renewable energy generation and the unpredictable demands of EV charging, which strain existing infrastructure. To address these challenges, we propose a novel optimization framework that introduces the Renewable Distributed Generation Hosting Factor (RDG-HF) and Electric Vehicle Hosting Factor (EV-HF) as key metrics. These metrics, combined with the Hippopotamus Optimization Algorithm (HO), enable strategic planning within the IEEE 69-bus system. Simulation results demonstrate that the integrated placement of EVCSs, PVs, and DSTATCOMs reduces power losses by up to 31.5% and reactive power losses by up to 29.2%. An economic analysis further reveals payback periods ranging from 2.7 to 10.4 years and potential profits of up to $1,052,365 over 25 years. These findings highlight the importance of optimized integration in improving both technical performance and long-term economic benefits for distribution networks.