Profile Photos Research Articles

Designing Popular Classes on Viewboard Public Assessment of Lectures Based on YII Framework

The lecture support system in Higher Education has information about student identity in each system, such as profile photos, names, NIM (Student Registration Number) and according to system requirements. An assessment on the public viewboard is an Online Assessment System aimed at improving services at Raharja University. However, in the multiplication flow system still has 3 disadvantages, namely, students do not yet have the facility to see the allocation value between friends in one class in one course to be able to improve the results of lecture grades with classmates and also between classes. In class design Popular writers also do five methods, namely the method of analysis, method of literature review, observation method, design method, and then implemented. With the existence of this study, there are 3 Benefits, namely, students can see the value determined by classmates, can improve the value, and lecturers can ensure the value given must be recognized by students.
 

Are attractive reviewers more persuasive? Examining the role of physical attractiveness in online reviews

PurposeWhile online reviews are of paramount importance in brand evaluations and purchase decisions, the impact of a reviewer’s attractiveness is not well understood. To bridge that gap, this paper aims to explore how physical attractiveness cues through profile photos influence customers’ brand evaluations.Design/methodology/approachThe first study assesses the impact of attractiveness and review valence on brand evaluations. The authors used an experimental design and tested the model with an ANCOVA. Study 2 examines the impact of attractiveness in the context of multiple reviews and tests attractiveness heuristic as the underlying mechanism.FindingsThe findings indicate that when an attractive (vs less-attractive) reviewer writes a positive review, brand evaluations are enhanced. However, such an effect does not occur with a negative review. With multiple reviews varying in valence, cognitive load activates the use of an attractiveness heuristic when a positive review is written by an attractive (vs less-attractive) reviewer, thus leading to enhanced brand evaluations.Originality/valueThese findings highlight the presence of the attractiveness halo effect in online reviews and offer important implications to social media marketers. While previous studies have largely focused on review characteristics (e.g. star ratings, strength of the argument, etc.), this study focuses on reviewer characteristics (i.e. attractiveness) and cognitive biases associated with online brand evaluations.

Achieving a Youthful Midface: Examination of Midface Anatomy Improvement Following Lower Blepharoplasty With Fat Transposition and Transtemporal Midface Lift With Lower Lid Skin Pinch.

Numerous methods have been described to treat midfacial aging. The authors compared 2 surgical methods aimed to improve the appearance of midface aging via their ability to improve midface contour: the transtemporal midface lift (with lower lid skin pinch) and lower blepharoplasty with fat transposition. The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent transtemporal midface lift and lower blepharoplasty with fat transposition performed by the senior author (V.Q.) from January 2014 to December 2015. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative profile photos were objectively examined for both surgical groups and compared. A total of 16 patients underwent lower blepharoplasty with fat transposition and 15 patients underwent trans temporal midface lift. For comparison 1, the authors compared the angle at the orbital rim within each surgical group before and after surgery. For comparison 2, the degree of improvement in the midfacial contour was quantitatively compared between the 2 surgical groups. This study demonstrated that both procedures achieved a statistically significant improvement in the midfacial contour. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in severity of deformity preoperatively (mean preoperative orbital rim angle 131.5° for lower blepharoplasty group and 132.2° for transtemporal midface lift group, P = 0.90). Degree of improvement between the groups also did not significantly differ (P = 0.28). Both approaches (transtemporal midface lift and lower blepharoplasty with fat transposition) can successfully improve the lower lid midface contour, as the authors demonstrated statistically significant improvement at 6 months postoperatively.

Analysis of Facebook Meme Groups Used During the 2016 US Presidential Election

Using content analysis, this study examines how citizens may use memes to share grassroots political ideas in a social media group setting during elections. Specifically, it offers a glimpse at the types of meme-related Facebook pages that emerged during the 2016 presidential election with an emphasis on representations of the two front-runner candidates—Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. Generally, Facebook-meme pages and profile photos of both candidates were negative in tone with Trump more likely to be framed in terms of his hairstyle and facial expressions and Clinton in terms of the email scandal and her relationships with people. Political party and gender differences between these two candidates contributed to variations in representations. Study findings are important as they offer a look at grassroots use of memes during a major election and provide a general overview of Facebook user depictions of the two politicians.

The effects of facial attractiveness and trustworthiness in online peer-to-peer markets

Online peer-to-peer markets, such as Airbnb, often include profile photos of sellers to reduce anonymity. Ert, Fleischer, and Magen (2016) found that more trustworthy-looking, but not more attractive-looking, Airbnb hosts from Stockholm charge higher prices for similar apartments. This suggests that people are willing to pay more for a night in an apartment if the host looks trustworthy. Here, we present a pre-registered replication testing how photo-based impressions of hosts’ attractiveness and trustworthiness influence rental prices. We extend previous investigations by (a) controlling for additional features related to price (e.g., the apartment’s location value), (b) testing for an influence of other host features, such as race and facial expression, and (c) analyzing a substantially larger sample of apartments. An analysis of 1,020 listings in New York City showed that more attractive-looking, but not more trustworthy-looking, hosts charge higher prices for their apartments. Compared to White hosts, Black (but not Asian) hosts charge lower prices for their apartments. Hosts who smile more intensely in their profile photo charge higher prices. Our results support the general conclusion that people rely on profile photos in online markets, though we find that attractiveness is more important than trustworthiness.

Race and the beauty premium: Mechanical Turk workers’ evaluations of Twitter accounts

ABSTRACTRace, gender, and physical attractiveness strongly affect perceptions of trustworthiness and subsequent face-to-face interactions. This study examines how social media users’ perceived gender, race, and physical attractiveness can impact their standing online. We test these broad hypotheses by having Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) workers evaluate a sample of 816 Twitter accounts. Our results show a ‘beauty premium,’ where MTurk workers say they are more likely to follow Twitter accounts with attractive profile photos, and attractive photos are positively associated with evaluations of trust. However, very attractive Black male and female Twitter accounts are associated with lower evaluations of trust compared to their White counterparts. These findings suggest that social media users’ social characteristics, perceived from their username or profile image, can replicate offline inequality online.

Bone-anchored maxillary protraction in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate and Class III malocclusion

ObjectiveThis prospective controlled study evaluated the effect of bone-anchored maxillary protraction therapy in cleft children with Class III malocclusion using CBCT-derived 3D surface models.Materials and subjectsEighteen cleft patients between 10 and 12 years old were included. Intermaxillary elastics were worn after the placement of four zygoma bone plates for 18 months. Uniquely, three age-matched untreated groups including both cleft subjects and non-cleft subjects with Class III malocclusion served as controls. Profile photos and CBCT scans for each patient were taken before (T0) and 18 months after the protraction (T1). 3D measurements were made on CBCT surface models from the treatment group using tomographic color mapping method. Cephalometric measurements were made on lateral cephalogram reconstructed from the CBCT scans and were compared with those obtained from the control groups.ResultsTwo thirds of the treatment subjects showed improved lip projection towards more convex facial profile. The most significant skeletal changes on 3D surface models were observed at the zygomatic regions (mean 1.5-mm forward, downward, and outward displacement) and at the maxillary complex (mean 1.5-mm forward displacement). Compared with the control groups, the treatment subjects showed significant increase in the SNA and ANB angles, increased Wits appraisal, a more forward movement of point A and overjet improvement (p < 0.05).ConclusionsBAMP in cleft patients gives a significant forward displacement of the zygomaxillairy complex in favor of the Class III treatment.Clinical relevanceThis treatment method shows clearly favorable outcome in cleft patients after 1.5 years of BAMP.

Esthetic preferences of orthodontists, oral surgeons, and laypersons for Persian facial profiles.

The patient's perception of facial esthetics is not necessarily consistent with that of the practitioner. The aim of this study was to compare the perceptions of Persian orthodontists, oral surgeons, and laypersons with regard to facial profile attractiveness and the most favorable mandibular position. Software (Dolphin Imaging and Management Systems, Chatsworth, Calif) was used to alter the mandibular position depicted on profile photographs of a young man and a young woman. Nine construction profile photos were produced with incremental changes of the G'-Sn-Pg' angle at 2° intervals (6° to 22°). Thirty-two orthodontists, 32 maxillofacial surgeons, and 32 laypersons were asked to score all 18 profiles on a 1-to-10 visual analog scale. They also evaluated whether each profile needed orthognathic surgery for improvement of facial esthetics. Actual agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient tests were used to assess reliability. The data were analyzed using 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. The intraparticipant reliability was acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient>72%; actual agreement,>79%). The sex of the participants was not a significant factor influencing the scores, although the sex of the models was a discriminating factor for the most acceptable mandibular horizontal position. The scores given by the 3 groups were different, especially for the female model. The orthodontists had similar opinions and preferred a slightly more protrusive mandible (G'-Sn-Pg', 12°-14°). Laypersons' scores were the most inconsistent, and they generally preferred a retrusive profile (G'-Sn-Pg', 14°-18°). There was no significant correlation with regard to the necessity of orthognathic surgery for G'-Sn-Pg' angles over 20° in men and below 8° in women. Although the laypersons' perceptions were slightly different from those of the clinicians, most participants preferred a more protrusive mandible for male models compared with female models.

Sitting position and wheelchair appropriateness in patients with spinal cord injury: Assessment of professional practices in a specialist unit

Skill profiles of a wheelchair, notably leading to the initial choice after a spinal cord injury (SCI), include the patient's comfort, his/her safety as well as physical and social performances. The multidisciplinary team of first rehabilitation within a spinal unit wondered about the quality of the patients’ positioning. The team consequently wished to create an indoor reference document as well as a simple helping tool, so as to choose correctly the wheelchair, to settle any patient in a convenient manner and to check this settling. Frontal and profile photos were taken of SCI individuals in the sitting position in a manual or a powered wheelchair. A multidisciplinary specialist team working in a spinal unit (doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and caregivers) analyzed each patient positioning within his/her wheelchair, mentored by trained medical quality practitioners. A review of the literature relating any component and accessories of the wheelchairs was then carried-out and compared with data from the previous analysis. An illustrated reference notebook was created, describing the choice of the wheelchair according to the motor level of the SCI patient, then according to the characteristics of his/her positioning and the adaptation of components and accessories. A checklist form was also developed to make easier the procedure of settling and then its revision, as a potential tool for the transmissions of detected anomalies between the various professionals. Both documents will be assessed by using them for the analysis of a new series of photos. The whole staff of the neurological PMR department will then be trained with these documents that will afterwards be placed in the documentary management system of our University Hospital. They could be useful as information tools for already involved staffs either or as training tools for professionals newly dealing with SCI patients.

Self-Representation on Twitter Using Emoji Skin Color Modifiers

Since 2015, it has been possible to modify certain emoji with a skin tone. The five different skin tones were introduced with the aim of representing more human diversity, but some commentators feared they might be used as a way to negatively represent other users/groups. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the use of skin tone modifiers on emoji on Twitter, showing that users with darker-skinned profile photos employ them more often than users with lighter-skinned profile photos, and the vast majority of skin tone usage matches the color of a user’s profile photo—i.e., tones represent the self, rather than the other. In the few cases where users do use opposite-toned emoji, we find no evidence of negative racial sentiment. Thus, the introduction of skin tones seems to have met the goal of better representing human diversity.

The Soil Classification course in Russian universities: an important ingredient of education

Abstract The teaching of soil classification in the universities of Russia is being discussed as a comparatively new experience in the education of environmental science students. The lecture course (24–30 academic hours) changes in response to the inevitable changes in soil classification systems. In the introduction, the objectives and structure of soil classifications are outlined, and then a brief overview of the most well-known national systems is given, which is also important for understanding the difficulties, origin and problems of the International WRB system. The latter is the central point of the lecture course: its principles are explained, the main diagnostic features of Reference Soil Groups are communicated, and students are trained to use system basing on the descriptions of soil profiles and analytical data relating to them. As a result, students give WRB names to soils either by correlating with a name from the national system, which is familiar to them, or by looking at soil profile photos; in both cases morphological and analytical data are clarified by the teacher. Chernozem is used as an example for training. In the conclusion, the reasons to know soil classifications are specified, and they are differentiated for soil scientists, geochemists and geographers.

Alts and Automediality: Compartmentalising the Self through Multiple Social Media Profiles

Alts and Automediality: Compartmentalising the Self through Multiple Social Media Profiles

Risk assessment in e-commerce: How sellers' photos, reputation scores, and the stake of a transaction influence buyers' purchase behavior and information processing

Guided by Nickel's (2009) model of risk assessment and the literature on facial trustworthiness, this study investigates how the stake of a transaction interacts with information on buyers' profiles in influencing buyers' purchase decisions and information processing. Participants played buyers in a trust game and made purchase decisions based on a series of seller profiles while their eye movements on the stimuli were recorded. Results revealed that the three factors examined exerted influences on buyers' decision-making in a hierarchical fashion: Sellers' reputation exerted a primary influence on buyers' decision-making, followed by sellers' profile photos, which is further followed by the stake of a transaction. The results confirm Nickel's (2009) model of risk assessment and inform e-marketing strategies in terms of building consumers' trust.

Eliciting preferences for ‘gamified’ travel surveys: a best-worst approach

Abstract Building on the natural appeal of smartphones for collecting personal travel data, this paper explores the potential of gamification concepts to potentially make surveys more engaging and appealing. An online questionnaire of 359 smartphone owners in Australia is used to explore preferences for completing a gamified travel survey together with those game elements which are most and least likely to be of importance. Just over half the participants indicated a willingness to participate in a gamified smartphone travel survey incorporating their preferred features, re-enforcing evidence from elsewhere that many are reluctant to use their own smartphones for such a purpose. Using a best-worst scaling approach, findings of the study reveal that preferences of individuals are driven extrinsically, that is, they are motivated by other agencies outside of themselves (i.e. through the award of monetary rewards and points as well as challenges). Conversely, social game elements that require disclosure of identifiable information such as profile photos and social media sharing are least preferred. This suggests that in this day-and-age of social media, preserving privacy and anonymity remain critical considerations in survey participation. Additionally, this study found variations by demographic sub-groups in both the willingness to participate in a gamified survey per se and preferences for different gamification features. Specifically, younger, game-playing participants appear more willing to embrace gamification concepts, while for older participants there appears to be a stronger leaning towards the need for tangible rewards. The implications are that while there may be some potential to capture particular groups that may be under-represented using traditional survey approaches, there is unlikely to be a ‘one size fits all’ when it comes to designing effective gamification apps.

Stone-age strategies and space-age media: Sex differences in sexual signaling on Facebook

Building on the proposition of the Sexual Strategies Theory that sex differences in mating strategies and intrasexual competition will be reflected in sexual signaling behavior towards possible mates, we sought to examine if such strategies would be observable on social networking sites. For the purpose of the study, ten male and ten female public profile pictures were randomly selected from a large pool of users ( N = 1386) who chose to participate in the study and subscribed to a Facebook page created in order to aggregate users with an interest in Evolutionary psychology. Selected profile photos were then included in an online evaluation protocol, filled out by 31 independent raters, resulting in a total of 620 ratings. The protocol addressed nine evolutionarily relevant partner choice characteristics; 1) physical strength or athleticism, (2) access to resources or material possessions, (3) ambition or industriousness, (4) social status, (5) intelligence, (6) features of physical appearance, (7) features accentuating youthfulness, (8) high activity level, and (9) flirtatious behavior. Males more frequently emphasized cues of social status, ambition and access to material resources, whereas females tended to emphasize features of physical appearance and of youthfulness. Furthermore, the perception of masculinity was mostly tied to the display of resources and physical strength, as was femininity to physical appearance and flirtatious behavior. The Sexual Strategies Theory predictions of mating display behaviors were confirmed in online settings, demonstrating the robustness of sex differences in mating-related behaviors.

AKTUALISASI DIRI GENERASI Y DI INSTAGRAM

ABSTRACTNowadays, around us there are many teenagers who use social media as a means to actualize themselves, they are often referred to as Y Generation (Y Genes). Y Generation is the generation who was born in 1980 to 2000. The positive sides that they have a high self-confidence, strong in self-esteem, good in social networks, creative, multi-tasking, the generation who love the wireless world (Tulgan and Martin 2001, Beekman 2011). Through the technology, new media as a place for the generation of Y genes express themselves to gain recognition and self-existence they make use of social media, for example: their favorite is to take their picture by themselves (which famous as selfie in Indonesian) then upload them to social media, using social media such as instagram. The process of self-actualization by generation Y through social networking is done by displaying the profile photo, upload photos of their activities and write their status or feeling. The qualitative method was used in this research, self-presentation through dramaturgical theory. The techniques for collecting the data through: in-depth interviews with informants, observation, documentation and literature study. The researcher interviewed five person as the Y generation (3 female and 2 male), they were as students of Soegijapranata Catholic University in Semarang. Based on interviews the researcher concluded that the use of social media networking instagram for generation Y in actualize themselves was a positive activity, they displayed profile photos as attractive as possible, uploaded photos of individual activities as well as with the community, and wrote status as the fulfillment of the need for self-actualization and got a good impression on others. And this was appropriate with dramaturgy theory where people tend to show their positive side / front page to others.Key words: Gen Y, Social Media, Self Actualization

The Influence of Class II Division 2 Malocclusions on the Harmony of the Human Face Profile.

BackgroundPersons with class II division 2 malocclusion are characterized by a very specific dento-skeletal and soft-tissue profile (a profile in which a protruding nose and chin, retruding lips, concave and shortened lower third of the face, and gummy smile are dominant), which is the opposite of the currently modern profiles (convex profile of protruding lips and small chin). The aim of this research was to determine the differences in parameters of harmonies of facial profiles between persons with class II division 2 malocclusions and class I, and to establish the significance of those differences.Material/MethodsFor this study, 50 patients with class II division 2 malocclusions and 50 patients with class I were selected; profile photos were recorded and a photometric analysis was done: a type of profile according to Schwarz, the shape of a nose, the prominence of chin, biometrical field, the position of lips in relation to the tangent Sn-Pg, S-line (Steiner), E-line (Riketts) and a facial angle according to Arnett.ResultsThe significant differences in profiles of persons with class II division 2 compared to class I were: position and prominence of the chin, the position of the lower and upper lip in relation to the S-line, and smaller value of a facial angle in relation to persons with class I.ConclusionsThe differences seen in skeletal profiles were not associated with significant differences in the profiled facial contours of the examined groups. The compensatory role of the fullness of soft tissues of the lips is probably the reason why there were not significant deviations in all the examined parameters.

The visibility of social class from facial cues.

Social class meaningfully impacts individuals' life outcomes and daily interactions, and the mere perception of one's socioeconomic standing can have significant ramifications. To better understand how people infer others' social class, we therefore tested the legibility of class (operationalized as monetary income) from facial images, finding across 4 participant samples and 2 stimulus sets that perceivers categorized the faces of rich and poor targets significantly better than chance. Further investigation showed that perceivers categorize social class using minimal facial cues and employ a variety of stereotype-related impressions to make their judgments. Of these, attractiveness accurately cued higher social class in self-selected dating profile photos. However, only the stereotype that well-being positively relates to wealth served as a valid cue in neutral faces. Indeed, neutrally posed rich targets displayed more positive affect relative to poor targets and perceivers used this affective information to categorize their social class. Impressions of social class from these facial cues also influenced participants' evaluations of the targets' employability, demonstrating that face-based perceptions of social class may have important downstream consequences. (PsycINFO Database Record

“Mr Right Now”: Temporality of relationship formation on gay mobile dating apps

Mobile dating apps with geolocation function have gained popularity for fostering social, romantic, and sexual connections between nearby strangers. Through in-depth interviews and focus-group discussions with 74 users of gay mobile dating apps (Grindr and Jack’d) in Hong Kong, this study illustrates how the sociological concept of time can shed light on users’ experience of relationship formation through these apps. Specifically, the accelerated tempo of interactions facilitated by perpetual connectivity, mutual proximity awareness, and instant messaging was seen to entail instantaneous and ephemeral relationships. The interface design, which foregrounds profile photos and backgrounds textual self-descriptions, was perceived to structure the sequence of browsing and screening in favor of physical appearance and users seeking casual hook-ups. The findings suggest that the temporality of browsing and exchange on apps is incongruous with the temporal norms prescribing formation of friendship and long-term romance. Such incongruity affects the perceived quality and satisfaction of app use, frustrating users who seek more durable relationships.

Face-ism from an International Perspective: Gendered Self-Presentation in Online Dating Sites Across Seven Countries

The present study analyzed whether the face-ism phenomenon, which argues that the media visually depict men with more facial prominence compared to women (whereas women are shown with greater body prominence), exists for self-selected photographs worldwide. Based on a content analysis of a sample of 6286 profile photos drawn from online dating sites in seven countries (Austria, Denmark, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States) in 2013, we did not find any overall gender differences in facial prominence. However, further analysis showed gender differences in facial prominence for certain age groups: whereas there were no gender differences in the 25–41 year-old age group, young women between 18 and 24 had a higher facial prominence than men, and men older than 41 had higher facial prominence than women. These changes by age are driven by a pattern wherein facial prominence generally remains stable for men, but declines for women with age. In short, older users follow more traditional gender depictions in accordance with the face-ism phenomenon, whereas among younger people, women sport an even higher facial prominence than men do. In contrast to this significant interaction between gender and age in facial prominence, we found no significant interaction between culture (as measured by Hofstede’s masculinity dimension) and gender, which indicates that culture plays no discernible role in gender differences in facial prominence, possibly because macro-level sexism (Hofstede’s masculinity dimension) and micro-level sexism (photographs of individuals online) are not the same.