Attitude Profile Research Articles

Change in Life Attitudes During Inpatient Psychosomatic Treatment

Objectives: This study’s primary aim was to investigate whether meaning-based attitudes to life change during inpatient psychosomatic treatment and the factors influencing the extent of this change. Method: This prospective study ( N = 138) was designed as a naturalistic observation. The effectiveness of treatment was investigated through pre–post comparisons of clinical variables and life attitudes (Life Attitude Profile–Revised) using bivariate tests. Factors influencing the extent of changes in life attitudes were investigated using multivariate regression models. Results: Regarding clinical variables, a small but significant improvement in life attitudes was found, with effect sizes ranging from 0.19 to 0.58. Neuroticism correlated negatively with life attitudes at admission but not significantly with the extent of change in life attitudes. In multivariate models, the extent of the therapeutic relationship and neuroticism correlated positively with the extent of improvement in coherence and self-efficacy. The improvement in self-efficacy was associated with an improvement in life attitudes. Discussion: Although life attitudes are robust characteristics of a person, they change during a hospital psychosomatic treatment, similar to the clinical improvement of symptoms. However, the association between the two is weak. People with stronger neuroticism experience a greater increase in life meaning during hospitalization.

Profil Sikap Ilmiah Peserta Didik Dalam Pembelajaran Fisika di SMA YPPK Teruna Bakti Jayapura

Physics learning aims to provide provision experience and skill process, increase the creativity and scientific attitude of students. A scientific attitude is needed in learning science, including physics, because when students have a high scientific attitude, understanding of the concept and learning outcomes will increase. The purpose of this article is to look at the profile of students' scientific attitudes on the dimensions of attitudes, critical attitudes to facts, critical thinking, respect for data / facts, open thinking and cooperation in learning physics. This study aims to describe the scientific attitude profile of the XII grade students of SMA YPPK Teruna Bakti. The method used in this research is quantitative quantitative. The data was collected through a non-test instrument in the form of a questionnaire based on four of the six dimensions of scientific attitudes according to Harlen. The test was conducted on 35 students. The test results showed that the total average level of mastery was 73%. Scientific attitude per dimension, for curiosity dimension 75%, critical thinking dimension 72%, critical thinking dimension to data / facts 67%, open thinking dimension 77% and cooperation 74%.Keywords: Scientific Attitude, Assessment, Physics

HIV/AIDS Awareness Among Young Adults in Hong Kong: The Roles of Knowledge, Acceptance and Stigma.

In the past decade, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection risk and the prevalence of infected cases in the younger generation have increased in Hong Kong. To promote HIV prevention and control, it is critical to understand the situation of HIV-related knowledge, stigma, and awareness among the younger adults, especially college students. 810 college students (mean age = 20.63 ± 2.05) have participated in the current survey. In mediation pathway analysis, the results show that participants’ greater knowledge about HIV is associated with higher awareness, and this relationship is partially mediated by the knowledge-related increase in accepting attitudes toward the people with HIV, but not via reducing stigma. Our findings provide an updated profile of HIV-related knowledge, attitude and awareness among college students in Hong Kong. In addition, we have clarified the mediating role of acceptance in the relationship between knowledge and awareness and pinpointed the importance of knowledge education and workshops to promote acceptance of people with HIV. Insights were provided for tailoring health-promotion programs to reduce risky sex and prevent HIV infection on college campuses.

Attitudes of Polish-speaking and English-speaking medical students towards death during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction and purposeLast year, since the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, medical students have faced new challenges, related to growing numbers of people who are and will be hospitalized as well as deaths among patients in healthcare facilities. The purpose of this study, is analysis and comparison of attitudes of Polish-speaking and English-speaking students towards death, during the COVID-19 pandemic.Material and methodThe study was conducted in an electronic form on a group of Polish and foreign exchange students of medical faculties. In total, 277 people aged 19 to 38, including 141 of Polish nationality and 136 of non-Polish nationality, participated in the study. The study used a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Death Attitude Profile (DAP-R-PL). The questionnaire consists of 5 aspects, that relate to different attitudes towards death: fear of death, death avoidance, neutral acceptance, approach acceptance and escape acceptance.ResultsThe most common attitude represented in both groups was neutral acceptance of death. Polish students obtained higher results in scales fear of death and escape acceptance compared to foreing students. The results showed, that the strongest corelation occurs between escape acceptance and fear of death.ConclusionsIn most cases, adaptative beliefs towards death shown by both groups of respondents indicates, that they will handle working with dying patients. However, higher degree of fear of death and escape acceptance amongst Polish students indicates the need to introduce thanatology education into course of studies.

P572 The influence of beliefs about medication in therapeutic adherence among patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Background Medication nonadherence in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is common and has a negative impact on disease outcome. It is currently not clear whether in patients with IBD, the opinions, beliefs and attitudes towards medicines determine an adequate therapeutic adherence. Our aim was to assess what the real influence of medication opinions is on IBD patients adherence. Methods Patients attending a tertiary hospital IBD outpatient clinic were enrolled. They filled the BMQ (Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire): a 18-item standardized scale assessing specific opinions about medication that a person is taking and beliefs about the potential for harm and overuse of medication in general. Pharmacy refill data were checked for the previous 3 months and their medication possession ratios (MPR) were calculated. Nonadherence was defined as MPR<0.8.Ethical approval was obtained. Results We analyzed 193 IBD patients: 96 women and 97 men with average age 46.1 years. Ulcerative colitis 109 (56.6%) and 84 Crohn′s disease (43.5%). Oral mesalazine was used for IBD control in 48%, immunosuppressnat in 43.5% and targeted therapies, 28.5%. MPR detected non-adherence in 57 patients (29.5%). Patients with CD had a higher adherence than those with UC (78.6 vs 64.2% p=0.03). Non-adherence was higher in patients with mesalazine 41.3% (p=0.001) and lower with targeted therapies 15% (p=0.007). BMQ classified our IBD patients in 60% “ambivalent”, 36% “accepting”, 7% “indifferent” with no “sceptical”: Females had a higher puntuation in BMQ harm about medication scale (p= 0.006). Surgical patients scored higher about the necessity of their IBD medication (0.005) and patients with a low educational level showed many concerns about IBD medication (0.002). Nevertheless there were neither significant differences in BMQ general (abuse/harm) or specific (need/concern) scores nor in attitude profiles between patients with adequate adherence and non-adherent patients. Conclusion Non-adherence behaviour in IBD patients was not associated with beliefs about medication. Ulcerative colitis and oral mesalazine were related to lower adherence, meanwhile patients on directed therapies showed high adherence,

Parenting Attitudes Profiles as Perceived by Adolescents: The Influence of Parents’ Life Satisfaction and Self-Esteem and Academic Engagement and Academic Helplessness of the Adolescents Associated with the Profiles

The study set out to identify the number of types of parental attitude profiles and their characteristics, as perceived by adolescents. The study also examined whether predictor variables (parent life satisfaction and self-esteem) influence parenting attitude profiles and whether these profiles, in turn, influence adolescent academic engagement and academic helplessness. The sample consisted of data on 2,590 adolescents and their parents from the 2018 Korean Children and Youths Panel Survey (KCYPS). The adolescents were in the first grade of middle school. Using Mplus, the author applied latent profile analysis to identify the parenting attitude profiles and predictor and outcome variables associated with these profiles. Three profiles were identified based on major features: (1) coercion-inconsistency (8.3%), (2) general (47.3%), and (3) warmth-autonomy support (44.4%). Parent life satisfaction and self-esteem predicted the classification of the profiles. Also, the parental profiles identified the level of adolescent academic engagement and academic helplessness. The findings have important implications for family policies and practices given the significance of parent psychological status, particularly life satisfaction and self-esteem, on their adolescent children’s academic engagement and academic helplessness.

Feeling positive towards time: How time attitude profiles are related to mental health in adolescents

IntroductionTime attitudes refer to the way individuals feel about their past, present, and future and have been associated with adolescent-specific developmental, social, and emotional changes. The dual-factor model of mental health proposes that optimal functioning entails high levels of emotional, social, and psychological well-being, as well as low levels of psychopathology. Since previous research has suggested that time attitudes can assist in understanding the development of adolescents, the primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between time attitudes and mental health according to the dual-factor model. Methods: A total of 317 Spanish high school students aged between 14 and 16 years (45.1% females) participated in the study. Time attitudes were assessed with the Adolescent and Adult Time Inventory-Time Attitudes Scale, and profiles were identified through person-centered analysis. Data were also gathered on well-being and psychological distress measures, which were analyzed as distal outcomes. Results: Four time attitude profiles were identified – negatives, positives, past negatives, and present/future negatives. Adolescents belonging to the positive profile reported higher scores on well-being and lower scores on psychological distress. The psychological well-being and depression constructs had higher (positive and negative, respectively) scores across all profiles. These results suggested an association between time attitude profiles and mental health according to the dual-factor model. Conclusions: We suggest that positive psychology interventions may nudge adolescents towards a more positive appraisal of the past, present, and future and promote their mental health and positive development. Further practical implications are discussed.

Traumatic experiences and resilience: Associations with mental health, death attitudes, and religion in university students

Resilience may be related to mental health and profound beliefs and attitudes. Utilizing a survey design, we examined relationships among resilience, clinical syndromes, death attitudes, and religion. Mexican university students (N = 161) answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Global Post-Traumatic Stress Scale, the Millon Multiaxial Inventory, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Death Attitudes Profile. Pearson correlation analyses showed that resilience correlated inversely with clinical syndromes and fear of death and positively with approach acceptance. Religion entailed higher death attitudes and resilience. Regression analysis revealed that lower anxiety, alcohol use, persistent depression, and higher delusion and death approach acceptance explained resilience.

Understanding Attitudes to Change to Healthier Hydration Habits: The Case of High Sugar: Low Water Drinkers in Mexico

Adults consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are at increased risk of becoming overweight/obese and developing lifestyle-related diseases. Furthermore, a low water intake is associated with increased health risks, such as CKD. These issues are especially pressing in Mexico where SSB intake is high. The present research aimed to describe the attitudes of Mexican adults who are considered high sugar-low water drinkers (HS-LWDs). HS-LWDs were defined as adults aged 18–45 years, drinking at least 2 servings (500 mL) of SSB/day and maximum 3 servings (750 mL) of water/day. The study included 2.858 HS-LWD (58% males) living in the urban area of Mexico City. Data were collected using an online, self-administered questionnaire. Bayesian approach was applied to analyze attitudes in life and towards drinking. Results showed that social aspects, such as sharing with friends and family and self-image, were the dominant attitudes in life. The main reason to choose a beverage was to get sensations, resulting in 2 axes, one was pleasure oriented and one was health oriented. Getting sensations was also a main driver to drink linked to a moment, together with self-image. The Bayesian network analysis demonstrated 5 attitude profiles, based on the most important attitudes defining each profile: mood and pleasure, self-image and body image, sharing and restoring, pleasure and energy, and health and success. This study allowed describing HS-LWD attitudes, in life and towards drinking. It constitutes a first step in understanding this target group’s attitudes and behavior, offering potential recommendations for tailored interventions to promote the adoption of healthier drinking habits.

Effects of a nursing care program based on the theory of human caring on women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer: a pilot study from Turkey

Purpose/Objectives This pilot study aimed to determine the effects of a nursing care program based on the Theory of Human Caring (THC) on chemotherapy symptoms, hope, and meaning in life in women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer. Design/Methods This pilot study was conducted in a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial on 52 women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer in Turkey. In the present study, the experimental group was given a nursing care program based on the THC alongside routine nursing care for five sessions, while the control group received solely routine nursing care. Data were collected using the Chemotherapy Symptom Assessment Scale, the Herth Hope Scale, and the Life Attitude Profile. Findings There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency, severity, and degree of discomfort of some chemotherapy symptoms in the experimental group. In addition, the mean scores of hope and meaning in life were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. Conclusions/Implications This study revealed that a nursing care program based on the Theory of Human Caring might be of benefit for decreasing the frequency, intensity, and discomfort level of some chemotherapy symptoms, and also for improving the level of hope and meaning in life in women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer.

Students’ attitude profile towards chemistry based on Research-Oriented Collaborative Inquiry Learning Model (REORCILEA)

Scientific attitude is one of the important attitudes that can support the learning of chemistry. Scientific attitude can make students more active in learning students will be more curious that is related to student achievement. The sample of this study is 66 senior high school students as participants who apply the Research-Oriented Collaborative Inquiry Learning model. The questionnaire was validated with person reliability item reliability and item fit in good category. The results showed that most students had scientific attitudes in the average and high categories. The most dominant aspect of scientific attitude is rationality and the lowest aspect is the suspend judgment. The learning model provides more experience for students and scientific attitude can improve for better learning achievment.

Developing a Scale of Financial Attitudes in Emergency Fund Ownership Decision Making

Financial attitudes in emergency fund ownership decision-making are important in shaping decision-making behavior to have an emergency fund. In order to obtain an accurate profile of financial attitudes in emergency fund ownership decision-making, it required a good instrument with precise measurement model. This study focuses on developing a financial attitude scale in emergency fund ownership decision-making using Rasch model. The participants were 106 respondents and after going through 2 analysis process stages using Winsteps, the instruments possessed a very decent reliability index, both from alpha cronbach’s and item reliability value. The items has also met the accuracy of the item model, the unidimensionality number was above the standard, as well as the unexplainable variance by the instruments was not exceed the standard. Overall, it can be concluded that financial attitude scale in emergency fund ownership decision-making held a decent psychometric attitude, so that this attitude scale can be used to a second stage pilot test process with a larger number of respondents.

The environmental attitude of the urban population living in Macapá City, Brazilian Amazon region

The human pressure on nature makes it imperative understanding how environmental issues can influence the world view of society. The aim of the current article is to measure the environmental attitude of the urban population living in the Macapa City, Amapa state, Brazilian Amazon region and to check whether this attitude is influenced by sociodemographic variables. We collected 387 full interviews conducted with individuals. In order to do so, we used the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) tool composed of 15 items distributed in five facets. Results showed positive correlations between the NEP scale and variables “education level” and “annual income,” as well as negative correlation between such scale and variable “age.” Urban childhood place recorded higher pro-ecological attitude rate than the rural one. All facets, except for limits, recorded moderate-to-high scores, thus indicating that the population has positive pro-environmental attitude profile, although it did not show much concern about the increased human population on Earth.

Attitudes towards Social Robots in Education: Enthusiast, Practical, Troubled, Sceptic, and Mindfully Positive

While social robots bring new opportunities for education, they also come with moral challenges. Therefore, there is a need for moral guidelines for the responsible implementation of these robots. When developing such guidelines, it is important to include different stakeholder perspectives. Existing (qualitative) studies regarding these perspectives however mainly focus on single stakeholders. In this exploratory study, we examine and compare the attitudes of multiple stakeholders on the use of social robots in primary education, using a novel questionnaire that covers various aspects of moral issues mentioned in earlier studies. Furthermore, we also group the stakeholders based on similarities in attitudes and examine which socio-demographic characteristics influence these attitude types. Based on the results, we identify five distinct attitude profiles and show that the probability of belonging to a specific profile is affected by such characteristics as stakeholder type, age, education and income. Our results also indicate that social robots have the potential to be implemented in education in a morally responsible way that takes into account the attitudes of various stakeholders, although there are multiple moral issues that need to be addressed first. Finally, we present seven (practical) implications for a responsible application of social robots in education following from our results. These implications provide valuable insights into how social robots should be implemented.

Senior medical student attitudes towards patient communication and their development across the clinical elective year – A Q-methodology study

To be proficient in communicating with patients, physicians need specified knowledge, skills and attitudes. Until now, medical educators have mostly focused on undergraduate students’ communication knowledge and skills in training and assessment. Attitudes towards communication with patients have been researched less frequently, but it is plausible that they also influence physicians’ behaviours in many ways. The present study investigates the communication-focused attitudes of senior medical students and their development through the clinical elective year using an innovative approach based on Q-methodology. We conducted a Q-methodology study using statements from the Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form. A total of 47 final-year medical students documented their attitudes towards communication by sorting these statements in regard to their importance into a normal distribution grid in medical interviews. Our innovative approach included three time points during the elective year at which these statements were sorted, with only a slight decrease of participants. We applied a Q-factor analysis and found three attitude profiles that were structurally stable over time. Attitude profile #1 focused on providing information and fostering shared decision making; profile #2 focused on the patients’ concerns and emotions while meeting the patients’ demands for sufficient information. Finally, the focus of attitude profile #3 was on using appropriate conversation techniques to structure communication and gather sufficient information. Overall, the respondents assigned increasing importance to building good relationships and making shared decisions with patients over time. Statements about structuring conversations and communication techniques were evaluated as less important by the end of the clinical elective year.

Correction to: Latent profiles of attitudes toward print and digital reading among adolescents

In the original publication, the article title was incorrectly published. The correct title has been given with this Correction.

Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis of the life attitude profile in Chilean adolescents

Adolescents are challenged to take decisions about issues associated to the vital circle and the comprehension of the world. Meaning in life (MiL) takes a leading role in adolescence. Reker and Peacock developed the Life Attitude Profile (LAP) for assessing MiL, and Erci developed a revised version (LAP-R). The main objective of this study was to analyze the factorial structure, reliability, invariance across gender, and absence/presence of assessment bias of a Spanish adaptation of the Turkish LAP-R among 2138 Chilean adolescents (1205 boys, 912 girls, and 8 others), who were studying in 3rd and 4th year. The LAP-R showed an acceptable structural validity, acceptable internal consistency, and invariance across gender. MiL as a significant domain of human experience in adolescents.

Understanding multiple reading attitude profiles of Chinese adolescents and how they relate to reading outcomes

BackgroundWhile many researchers studying reading motivation and attitudes have taken a variable‐centred approach, few have employed a person‐centred analysis to examine profiles of reading attitudes and how they relate to reading outcomes.MethodsAs a person‐centred approach, cluster analysis was used to examine the multiple reading attitude profiles of 499 seventh‐grade to ninth‐grade Chinese adolescents. The effects of each attitude profile on reading outcomes, which include strategy use and language arts grades, were tested using a multivariate analysis of covariance.ResultsCluster analysis identified four profiles: engaged digital readers (positive attitudes towards both academic and recreational reading in digital medium), avid readers (positive attitudes towards all dimensions), engaged print readers (positive attitudes towards both academic and recreational reading in print medium) and recreational digital‐only readers (relatively average attitudes towards recreational digital reading but substantially lower attitudes towards the other three dimensions). Avid readers outperformed all other profiles regarding strategy use but were equally successful with engaged print readers in terms of language arts. Recreational digital‐only readers scored the lowest in both reading outcomes.ConclusionsChinese adolescents have multiple reading attitude profiles distinct in nature and in their relation to reading outcomes.

Relationship Between Compassion Fatigue in Nurses, and Work-Related Stress and the Meaning of Life.

This research was conducted in order to examine the correlation between work-related stress and meaning of life in association with compassion fatigue of nurses, as well as to determine the factors that affect compassion fatigue. The research is cross-sectional. The population of the research is comprised of nurses working at a university hospital in the east of Turkey. The research was carried out with 336 nurses. “Introductory information form,” “Work-related strain inventory,” “Professional quality of life scale and compassion fatigue subscale” and “Life attitude profile” were used for data collection. It was identified that correlation between compassion fatigue and attitude to life profile is negative (r = −.542**, p = 0.000), while the correlation between work-related stress and compassion fatigue is positive (r = .204**, p = 0.000). Moreover, it was determined that attitude to life profile, work-related stress, work manner, amount of time working at one occupation, service held and gender have effect on compassion fatigue.

Психодиагностика технофобии и технофилии: разработка и апробация опросника отношения к технологиям для подростков и родителей

Background. The technological progress of the last two centuries of human history makes it relevant to study human attitudes to digital technologies, in particular the study of such socio-psychological phenomena as technophobia and technophilia, not only for marketing purposes, but also to understand the socio-psychological mechanisms of social change. Objective. To develop and validate the Technology Attitude Scale that takes into account cognitive and emotional aspects in adolescents and parents of adolescents 14—17 years old. Study design. The study was carried out in a correlation design and included full-time filling of the methods by all respondents. Participants. 448 parents of adolescents 14—17 years old and 360 adolescents 14—17 years old from six cities of the Russian Federation. Methods. Participants filled out Technology Attitude Scale and appraised their user activity, Internet addiction tendencies, parental mediation strategies, and the frequency of using gadgets during performing various daily activities. For data processing, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach coefficient alpha in the IBM SPSS Statistics v. 22.0, the EQS software package and statistical packages as part of the R programming language. Results. The structure of the scale was refined based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and included four subscales: technophilia, technophobia, technorationalism, and technopessimism (Cronbach’s alpha 0.66—0.88). Technophilia and technorationalism dominate in the profile of attitudes towards technology. For parents, the emotional aspects of attitudes towards technology are associated with user activity and use of gadgets in everyday activities. In adolescents, technophilia is associated only with the use of gadgets in everyday activities. In adolescents, the experience of parental restrictions and technical control of their online activity is associated with a negative attitude towards technologies and the difficulties of a rational attitude towards them, while active parental mediation is associated with a higher level of technorationalism. Conclusion. The Technology Attitude Scale is a reliable scale that can be used in psychological research.