Professional Attitudes Research Articles

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Health Care Professionals Toward Breastfeeding

Successful initiation and continuation of breastfeeding is proportionate to the attitude and knowledge of health care professionals toward breastfeeding; therefore, we conducted a study in Alkhoms district hospital, aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practices of health care professionals toward breastfeeding. A well-structured questionnaire was designed to test their knowledge on Breastfeeding process, and their ability to deal with different problems and questions that may face during their practice. A total of 155 health care providers participates in this study [72 nurses, 25 midwives, and 58 junior doctors], all of them filled the questionnaire completely and each separately. The study has shown clearly deficiencies of health care providers in some aspects of their knowledge on and their abilities to deal with practical problems that may facing the lactating mother.

Health professionals' attitudes towards traditional healing for mental illness: A systematic review protocol.

Mental illness is a global problem that receives less attention, particularly in developing countries. Integrating modern treatment with traditional healing approaches has been proposed as one way to address mental health problems, especially in developing countries. Despite health professionals' participation in traditional healing being crucial to integrative approaches, their participation is limited to date. This review protocol is designed to explore the attitudes of health professionals towards traditional healing practices in mental health services. The review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Searching databases, including PubMed/Medline, PsychINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Web of sciences will be conducted. Additionally, Google and Google Scholar will be searched for other information, including grey literature. Moreover, a manual search of identified articles' reference lists will also be conducted to help ensure all potential papers are included in the review. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed study methods published in English between January 2014 and April 2024 will be included. The qualities of the included studies will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) Version 2018. A mixed-method synthesis will be used to synthesis the results. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide culturally sensitive care to empower people to manage their health. This systematic review will summarize the attitudes of health professionals towards the adoption and delivery of traditional healing approaches to people experiencing mental illness. Therefore, the findings of this review will support integration between traditional healers and modern mental health practitioners for the treatment of mental illness. Protocol registration number: CRD42024535136.

FP8.1 - Environmental Sustainability and Surgery: what are the attitudes and barriers to implementing sustainable change in operating theatres? A Qualitative Study

Abstract Aims Sustainability in surgery is an increasingly important focus in the bid to halt climate change. This study aimed to better understand how environmentally sustainable change can be made in theatre environments by exploring attitudes of healthcare professionals and patients, and identifying barriers to implementing change. Methods A mixed-method qualitative study was undertaken involving a national survey of 157 healthcare professionals (HCP’s), and follow-up semi-structured interviews with ten HCP’s and five patients. Participants were targeted via the survey and public engagement mailing lists. Interviews were informed by a topic guide developed with responses from the survey. Data were analysed thematically and presented as major topic themes. Results 100% of participants agreed that operating theatres needed to make sustainable changes and reduce waste. Respondents understanding of the key issues centred around physical waste production and its effect on climate change. HCP’s identified issues around infection prevention and challenging current behaviour, whilst patients focused on maintaining current standards. Barriers to change included safety concerns, current clinical pressures, single-use culture and the perceived resistance to change within the NHS. HCP’s identified staff habits, lack of information and patient expectations as a barrier, whilst patients identified cost to be the main issue. Conclusions This study provides key insights into the current attitudes and perceived barriers of HCP’s and patients to implementing environmental change in surgery and aligned working environments. These provide useful data to aid future change strategies and implementation and ensure effective sustainable changes are made and delivered in theatre environments.

Healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes towards polygenic risk testing for glaucoma.

Effective clinical implementation of polygenic risk testing for glaucoma relies on healthcare professionals' attitudes and knowledge of the test. Given the emerging applications of the test, it will likely impact a range of healthcare professionals and will require competency in polygenic risk scores concepts for all those involved in patient care. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess healthcare professionals' views towards polygenic testing for glaucoma. An online cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed to healthcare professionals via relevant professional organisations in Australia. The questionnaire assessed experience and confidence with genetic testing, glaucoma and genetic knowledge, recommendations for the tests, and factors affecting the decision. A total of 94 participants completed the questionnaire. The sample was composed of ophthalmologists (36%), optometrists (21%), orthoptists (17%), general practitioners (16%) and clinical geneticists/genetic counsellors (10%). Although familiarity with polygenic risk scores for glaucoma was low overall (11%), the majority reported a positive attitude towards recommending testing based on known risk factors such as family history (91%) and older age (57%). Over 95% indicated that ophthalmologists would be the most appropriate group to order polygenic risk testing and communicate results. The majority felt they would benefit from more training on polygenic risk scores (93%). Our findings indicated that multiple groups of healthcare professionals were neither familiar nor confident with the concept of glaucoma polygenic risk testing, and identified training and education needs to support the implementation of testing into clinical practice.

“Starting to think that way from the start”: approaching deprescribing decision-making for people accessing palliative care - a qualitative exploration of healthcare professionals views

BackgroundDeprescribing has been defined as the planned process of reducing or stopping medications that may no longer be beneficial or are causing harm, with the goal of reducing medication burden while improving patient quality of life. At present, little is known about the specific challenges of decision-making to support deprescribing for patients who are accessing palliative care. By exploring the perspectives of healthcare professionals, this qualitative study aimed to address this gap, and explore the challenges of, and potential solutions to, making decisions about deprescribing in a palliative care context.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals in-person or via video call, between August 2022 – January 2023. Perspectives on approaches to deprescribing in palliative care; when and how they might deprescribe; and the role of carers and family members within this process were discussed. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Reflexive thematic analysis enabled the development of themes. QSR NVivo (Version 12) facilitated data management. Ethical approval was obtained from the NHS Health Research Authority (ref 305394).ResultsTwenty healthcare professionals were interviewed, including: medical consultants, nurses, specialist pharmacists, and general practitioners (GPs). Participants described the importance of deprescribing decision-making, and that it should be a considered, proactive, and planned process. Three themes were developed from the data, which centred on: (1) professional attitudes, competency and responsibility towards deprescribing; (2) changing the culture of deprescribing; and (3) involving the patient and family/caregivers in deprescribing decision-making.ConclusionsThis study sought to explore the perspectives of healthcare professionals with responsibility for making deprescribing decisions with people accessing palliative care services. A range of healthcare professionals identified the importance of supporting decision-making in deprescribing, so it becomes a proactive process within a patient’s care journey, rather than a reactive consequence. Future work should explore how healthcare professionals, patients and their family can be supported in the shared decision-making processes of deprescribing.Trial registrationEthical approval was obtained from the NHS Health Research Authority (ref 305394).

An evaluation of a quality improvement initiative examining benefits and enablers and challenges and barriers of implementing and embedding core clinical supervision in primary care

Background Core Clinical Supervision has become a valued activity that impacts on the culture and organisational delivery of healthcare. It embeds good practice to ensure that staff have a high skill set, desirable professional attitudes, and provide high quality evidence-based care. It also helps to support good clinical governance and enhances staff retention (CQC 2013). A supervision framework has been adopted and adapted from the ‘General Practice – Developing confidence, capability, and capacity. A Ten Point Action Plan for General Practice Nursing’ ( NHS England 2018 ) and applied at scale across Yorkshire and the Humber, with minimal impact on clinical capacity, quality, and safety. This initiative coincides with general practice (and the wider health service) being under enormous pressure managing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, with impact on staff wellbeing and retention. The main aims are to evaluate the impact of embedding the Core Supervision training across primary care practice and strengthen course content for future delivery. Methodology and Methods A quantitative approach using an online survey, was completed by multi-professional primary care staff who had completed the Core Supervision Training. Findings Practitioners indicated that they required protected time due to competing demands and visible senior buy in to undertake core supervision. Additionally, practitioners who had participated or supervised sessions felt the benefits on staff wellbeing and indicated that it improved patient care delivery. Conclusion and Implications Survey findings suggest further research on embedding core supervision within primary care and a focus on national and local strategies are required. Standardised learning outcomes across the regions to ensure transferability of supervision practice and review training in supervision processes, particularly around conducting a supervision session.

403.1: A liver for a kidney: Donor and professional attitudes toward trans-organ exchange.

403.1: A liver for a kidney: Donor and professional attitudes toward trans-organ exchange.

Perceptions and Behaviors of Nurses and Physicians During Bedside Rounds in Medical-Surgical Units.

Communication and collaboration among health care professionals during bedside rounds improve patient outcomes and nurses' and physicians' satisfaction. To determine barriers to nurse-physician communication during bedside rounds and identify opportunities to improve nurse-physician collaboration at an academic medical center. A survey with Likert-scale and open-ended questions regarding professional attitudes toward nurse-physician communication was administered to 220 nurses and physicians in medical-surgical units to assess perceptions of participation in bedside rounds. After the survey was given, observational data from 1007 bedside rounds were collected via a standardized data collection tool. Nurses and physicians perceived different barriers to including nurses in bedside rounds. Nurses most often cited being unaware that bedside rounds were occurring (38 of 46 nurses [83%]); physicians most often cited nurse unavailability (43 of 52 physicians [83%]). Of 1007 observed rounds, 602 (60%) involved in-person contact of nurses and physicians; 418 (69%) of the 602 included a conversation between the nurse and physician about the nurse's concerns. Of 355 rounds with no in-person or telephone contact between nurses and physicians, the medicine team did not contact the nurse in 284 (80%). Conversations about nurses' concerns occurred more often after physician-initiated contacts (73% of 369 contacts) and nurse-initiated contacts (74% of 93 contacts) than after chance encounters (57% of 140 contacts). Initiating discussions of care between nurses and physicians and discussing nurses' concerns during bedside rounds have multiple benefits.

Predicting attitudes related to stuttering from an international database

PurposeA vast number of studies over the past 50 years have explored public and professional attitudes toward stuttering, and many of them have identified variables that predict more—or less—positive attitudes. Part I of this study summarized 91 studies in terms of consistency of prediction of stuttering attitudes. Part II sought to compare a considerable number of potential predictors and to quantify their prediction strengths. MethodThirty-seven predictors were analyzed in linear regression models using a retrospective analysis of a database consisting of 22,413 respondents from 44 countries who had filled out the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering (POSHA–S) in 26 different languages. Dependent variables were two POSHA–S subscores, Beliefs about stuttering and Self Reactions to people who stutter, as well as the mean of these two subscores, the Overall Stuttering Score. ResultsAll 37 predictors were statistically significant for most—but at least one—of the three scores. The strongest predictors related to regions of the world and related variables of countries and languages, with greater strength for Beliefs than for Self Reactions. Knowing persons who stutter, or knowing about stuttering, were moderate predictors of Self Reactions but weak predictors of Beliefs. Different populations, such as the public, students, or speech-language pathologists, moderately predicted attitudes on all three dependent variables while education level and self-ratings of ability to speak were weak predictors. Sex (gender), age, income, parental or marital status, and most of 12 life priorities (e.g., get things done; be safe and secure) had very weak and practically insignificant predictive potential. ConclusionsThe study confirmed previous research showing ambiguous results for such predictors as sex and age but consistent differences from various geographic regions. Beliefs and Self Reactions measure different constructs that are often predicted differently by variables.

P.458: Attitude of critical care professionals towards implementation of organ donation as end-of- life care practice in Greek Ιntensive Care Units: The Hellenic Organ Donation in Intensive Care Unit Survey (HODICUS).

P.458: Attitude of critical care professionals towards implementation of organ donation as end-of- life care practice in Greek Ιntensive Care Units: The Hellenic Organ Donation in Intensive Care Unit Survey (HODICUS).

Attitude of agri and non agri professionals towards agripreneurship: A comparative study

Attitude of agri and non agri professionals towards agripreneurship: A comparative study

The effectiveness of evidence-based healthcare educational interventions on healthcare professionals' knowledge, skills, attitudes, professional practice and healthcare outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

The primary aim of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of evidence-based healthcare (EBHC) educational interventions on healthcare professionals' knowledge, skills, attitudes, behaviour of EBHC, clinical process and care outcomes. A secondary aim of the review is to assess the effects of important pedagogical moderating factors for EBHC educational interventions. This systematic review used a forward and backward citation search strategy on the Web of Science platform (date of inception to 28 April 2023). Only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs which compared EBHC educational interventions for healthcare professionals were included. A random effects meta-analysis was undertaken for EBHC compared with an active and nonactive control for all outcomes. Sixty-one RCTs were identified which included a total of 5208 healthcare professionals. There was a large effect for EBHC educational interventions compared with waiting list/no treatment/sham control on knowledge (SMD, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.26-4.14, GRADE Low), skills (SMD, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.25-1.73, Very Low Certainty), attitude (SMD, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.16-1.47, Very Low Certainty) and behaviour of EBHC (SMD, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.25-1.40, Very Low Certainty). Over time the effect of EBHC educational interventions substantially decreased with no evidence of effect at 6 months for any outcome except behaviour (SMD,1.72; 95% CI, 0.74-2.71, Low Certainty). There was some evidence that blended learning, active learning and consistency in the individual delivering the intervention may be important positive moderating factors. These findings suggest that EBHC educational interventions may have a large short-term effect on improving healthcare professionals' knowledge, skills, attitude and behaviour of EBHC. These effects may be longer-lasting regarding EBHC behaviour. In terms of pedagogy, blended learning, active learning, and consistency of the individual delivering the intervention may be important positive moderating factors.

Researching Student Profiles in the Department of Child Development at Istanbul Gelişim University

Aim: This research is a descriptive study aimed at determining the profile of students enrolled in the Department of Child Development within Istanbul Gelisim University's Faculty of Health Sciences. Method: The study group consists of 389 students studying in the child development departments providing education in Turkish and English. In the study, 259 students who agreed to participate in the study were included without any sample selection. Result: Research findings have shown that the majority of child development department students are satisfied with both the department and the university. They choose the child development department voluntarily and rank it among their top three choices in the university preference form. Additionally, they have positive feelings towards both the department and the university. Conclusion: As a result of the research, it was determined that the students were satisfied with their departments and the university. Personality characteristics, professional knowledge, skills, and attitudes of child development professionals directly affect the target audiences with whom they will interact. For this reason, to train qualified child development experts, it is thought that it would be beneficial to take encouraging measures for candidates who will choose the child development profession and to support existing child development experts while doing their profession and help them solve the problems they encounter.

Clinical Practice Ability and Related Factors Among Senior Undergraduate Nursing Students Post-Clinical Internship: A Latent Profile Analysis

The shortage of nurses and inadequate clinical practice abilities among senior undergraduate nursing students has raised significant concerns globally. The discrepancy between nursing education and practical skill requirements in hospitals is the primary contributor to this issue. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) explore potential classifications for assessing the clinical practice abilities of senior undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice, (2) identify distinct subgroups based on their clinical practice abilities, and (3) analyze the factors influencing these subgroups. Design: This was a cross-sectional study using latent profile analysis. Participants: A total of 336 fourth-year nursing students who had recently completed clinical practice were included in this study. Methods: Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that included sociodemographic factors, the Nursing Professional Attitude Questionnaire (NPAQ), and the Environmental Assessment Scale for Nursing Clinical Practice. The Clinical Ability Scale for Undergraduate Nursing Students (CCSUNS) measures clinical practice abilities. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of students based on their clinical practice abilities. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing these subgroups. Results: Three profiles of clinical practice ability were identified: (1) "low level - guidance dependent" (51.79%), (2) "intermediate - response improvement" (33.85%), and (3) "high level - autonomous decision-making" (16.37%). Key influencing factors included gender, academic performance, professional nursing attitude, and the clinical practice environment. Conclusions: More than half of the senior nursing students demonstrated poor clinical practice abilities. Enhancing the clinical practice environment, increasing practical opportunities, fostering professional attitudes, and addressing gender equality are critical for improving clinical practice abilities. Future multicenter longitudinal studies are recommended to explore changes in clinical practice abilities over time and across different stages of clinical practice.

Identifying and Exploring Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring in Nursing Approaches for Patients with Psychoactive Substance Dependence in Medical and Surgical Acute Wards.

Patients with substance use disorders may view healthcare professionals as capable of supporting them through their suffering and experience. Although numerous studies have focused on the roles, approaches, and attitudes of healthcare professionals, there is a lack of information on the nursing perspective. This study aims to explore the experiences and nursing approaches towards patients with psychoactive substance dependence admitted to an Italian acute hospital ward. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted. Data were collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The interviews were transcribed, read thoroughly, and analysed. Fifteen nurses were interviewed. Six main themes were extracted: (1) origin context, (2) participants' personal thoughts, (3) type of approach provided, (4) school education received on the topic, (5) effectiveness of rehabilitative therapy, and (6) methods that can improve nursing care. The findings suggest that most respondents experience stigma and discrimination when providing care to these patients. In response to the results obtained, models have been suggested, such as Jean Watson's Human Caring Theory, which shows how practising a holistic approach based on empathy and active listening can improve the relationship between nurses and patients. Furthermore, to eliminate stereotypes, it would be appropriate to act on the university education of nurses. This study was not registered.

Interprofessional education interventions for healthcare professionals to improve patient safety: a scoping review.

Patient safety incidents, such as adverse events and medical errors, are often caused by ineffective communication and collaboration. Interprofessional education is an effective method for promoting collaborative competencies and has attracted great attention in the context of patient safety. However, the effectiveness of interprofessional education interventions on patient safety remains unclear. This scoping review aimed to synthesize existing studies that focused on improving patient safety through interprofessional education interventions for healthcare professionals. Six databases, including Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (via EBSCO), Scopus and Web of Science, were last searched on 20 December 2023. The search records were independently screened by two researchers. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for Quasi-Experimental Studies was used for quality appraisal. The data were extracted by two researchers and cross-checked. Finally, a narrative synthesis was performed. The protocol for this scoping review was not registered. Thirteen quasi-experimental studies with moderate methodological quality were included. The results revealed that the characteristics of current interprofessional education interventions were diverse, with a strong interest in simulation-based learning strategies and face-to-face delivery methods. Several studies did not assess the reduction in patient safety incidents involving adverse events or medical errors, relying instead on the improvements in healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitude or practice related to patient safety issues. Less than half of the studies examined team performance, based primarily on the self-evaluation of healthcare professionals and observer-based evaluation. There is a gap in applying newer tools such as peer evaluation and team-based objective structured clinical evaluation. Additional evidence on interprofessional education interventions for improving patient safety is needed by further research, especially randomized controlled trials. Facilitating simulation-based interprofessional education, collecting more objective outcomes of patient safety and selecting suitable tools to evaluate teamwork performance may be the focus of future studies.

Exploration of undergraduate nursing students' perspectives on conducting specialized nursing education during internship: A phenomenological research study

AimTo comprehend the perspectives of undergraduate nursing students on conducting specialized nursing education during the internship phase, providing a basis for colleges to formulate plans for specialized nursing education. BackgroundNursing specialty in China was included in the national controlled specialty in 2024, which means signifying an effort to decrease the enrollment of junior college degree nurses, thereby increasing the number of high-quality undergraduate nurses. While the higher the education level of nursing students, the higher their expectations for themselves. However, after entering clinical practice, their social status and job nature are significantly different from those of doctors, which creates a psychological imbalance. In addition, employers lack a reasonable employment mechanism and undergraduate nursing students are used equally with vocational and technical nursing students, making them feel that their self-worth is difficult to realize. Therefore, their professional attitude becomes more negative (Meng Wei, 2018). In the process of forming professional identity among undergraduate nursing students, the professional role models and clinical experience of specialized nurses can serve as important promoting factors. By increasing interaction with specialized nurses and learning specialized nursing, undergraduate nursing students can better understand the professional role and values of nurses and form positive professional ethics and attitudes (Huang et al., 2023). To better adapt to the national health needs and assist undergraduates in transitioning to clinical practice, deepening the understanding of the profession and career, the integration of professional education during the internship phase can enable students to recognize their strengths, cultivate an awareness of suitable professions and facilitate a targeted adaptation from academic studies to clinical practice. DesignThe researcher initially drafted the interview outline through a literature review and intra-group discussions. To ensure the research content's richness, a semi-structured interview method was adopted. The Colaizzi seven-step analysis method was applied in the analysis. MethodsEmploying phenomenological study and purposive sampling, with data saturation as the guiding principle, 24 undergraduate nursing students undergoing internship at a tertiary hospital in China were selected for focus group interviews. ResultsFour main themes were extracted from the perspectives of undergraduate nursing students. These themes encompass awareness of specialized nursing and specialized nurses, recognition of specialized nursing education during the internship phase, demands for specialized nursing education during the internship phase and career expectations. ConclusionNursing administrators in hospitals and educational managers in colleges should prioritize align education with clinical needs, address the requirements of nursing students, strengthen collaboration between institutions，and advance the further development of specialized nursing.

Exploring the barriers, facilitators and needs to use patient outcomes in district nursing care: A multi-method qualitative study.

To provide an in-depth insight into the barriers, facilitators and needs of district nurses and nurse assistants on using patient outcomes in district nursing care. As healthcare demands grow, particularly in district nursing, there is a significant need to understand how to systematically measure and improve patient outcomes in this setting. Further investigation is needed to identify the barriers and facilitators for effective implementation. A multi-method qualitative study. Open-ended questions of a survey study (N = 132) were supplemented with in-depth online focus group interviews involving district nurses and nurse assistants (N = 26) in the Netherlands. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Different barriers, facilitators and needs were identified and compiled into 16 preconditions for using outcomes in district nursing care. These preconditions were summarised into six overarching themes: follow the steps of a learning healthcare system; provide patient-centred care; promote the professional's autonomy, attitude, knowledge and skills; enhance shared responsibility and collaborations within and outside organisational boundaries; prioritise and invest in the use of outcomes; and boost the unity and appreciation for district nursing care. The preconditions identified in this study are crucial for nurses, care providers, policymakers and payers in implementing the use of patient outcomes in district nursing practice. Further exploration of appropriate strategies is necessary for a successful implementation. This study represents a significant step towards implementing the use of patient outcomes in district nursing care. While most research has focused on hospitals and general practitioner settings, this study focuses on the needs for district nursing care. By identifying 16 key preconditions across themes such as patient-centred care, professional autonomy and unity, the findings offer valuable guidance for integrating a learning healthcare system that prioritises the measurement and continuous improvement of patient outcomes in district nursing. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. No patient or public contribution.

Relationship between teacher ideals and attitudes toward peers with autism spectrum disorder among teacher college students

Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between teacher ideals and attitudes toward peers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among teacher college students, and the effect of knowledge of ASD identification on this relationship. Design/methodology/approach This study used a quantitative approach and included 341 teacher college students. A vignette was used to assess social and professional attitudes toward peers with ASD. The participants were divided into identification and nonidentification groups based on how accurately they identified the peer depicted in the vignette as having ASD. A teacher ideals questionnaire consisting of two subscales indicating different ideal teachers − a dedicated/engaging teacher (e.g. a teacher who can work with enthusiasm) and a skillful teacher (e.g. a teacher who is knowledgeable) − was developed and administered to evaluate the participants’ teacher ideals and self-perceptions of a teacher. Findings In the nonidentification group, ideals of a skillful teacher were significantly correlated with social attitudes toward peers with ASD. The identification group exhibited no significant correlations between ideals and social attitudes. Furthermore, the self-perceptions of being a dedicated/engaging teacher was significantly correlated with professional attitudes toward peers with ASD in the identification group. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to examine the relationship between teacher ideals and attitudes toward peers with ASD. Teacher ideals were related to negative social attitudes toward peers with ASD. While knowledge of ASD identification weakens this relationship, it may drive the relationship between self-perceptions of a teacher and professional attitudes toward peers with ASD. Therefore, ASD education is important for reducing the stigma toward ASD in teacher education.

Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Providing Care to Southeast Asian Immigrants with Cardiometabolic Syndrome: A Scoping Review.

There is a growing emphasis on healthcare professionals' (HCPs) role in managing cardiometabolic risk factors to reduce health disparity for immigrants in developed countries. This scoping review aimed to analyse evidence about HCPs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of managing cardiometabolic risk factors among Southeast Asian (SEA) immigrants in developed countries. Primary studies from inception to July 17, 2023, from four databases: PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were included. This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology and reported in line with PRISMA-ScR. Of 619 identified studies, seven met the inclusion criteria. All studies discussed HCPs' knowledge, six explored attitudes, and three described practices specific to SEA immigrants. The extracted data were analysed using descriptive qualitative content analysis and classified into barriers and facilitators. Barriers included cultural discordance and acculturation challenges (patient level); gaps in cultural understanding, communication and clinical skills (healthcare team level); limited immigrant-specific resources (organisation level); and funding constraints (environment level). Facilitators included community and provider support (patient level), awareness and desires to provide immigrant-specific care (healthcare team level), availability of culturally appropriate services (organisation level), and multicultural agendas and policies (environment level). The barriers and facilitators faced by HCPs caring for SEA immigrants with cardiometabolic syndromes share similarities with other immigrant groups. Future research focused on co-production involving immigrant patients, their communities, and HCPs in healthcare service design is required to support HCPs in providing culturally appropriate care and promoting health equity regardless of ethnic, cultural, or linguistic backgrounds.