Professional Video Research Articles

127: Using Professional Video Interpretation to Enhance Patient Education for Radiation Therapy Patients with Limited English Proficiency

127: Using Professional Video Interpretation to Enhance Patient Education for Radiation Therapy Patients with Limited English Proficiency

JPEG XS—A New Standard for Visually Lossless Low-Latency Lightweight Image Coding

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) XS is a new International Standard from the JPEG Committee (formally known as ISO/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) JTC1/SC29/WG1). It defines an interoperable, visually lossless low-latency lightweight image coding that can be used for mezzanine compression within any AV market. Among the targeted use cases, one can cite video transport over professional video links (serial digital interface (SDI), internet protocol (IP), and Ethernet), real-time video storage, memory buffers, omnidirectional video capture and rendering, and sensor compression (for example, in cameras and the automotive industry). The core coding system is composed of an optional color transform, a wavelet transform, and a novel entropy encoder, processing groups of coefficients by coding their magnitude level and packing the magnitude refinement. Such a design allows for visually transparent quality at moderate compression ratios, scalable end-to-end latency that ranges from less than one line to a maximum of 32 lines of the image, and a low-complexity real-time implementation in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), central processing unit (CPU), and graphics processing unit (GPU). This article details the key features of this new standard and the profiles and formats that have been defined so far for the various applications. It also gives a technical description of the core coding system. Finally, the latest performance evaluation results of recent implementations of the standard are presented, followed by the current status of the ongoing standardization process and future milestones.

Creating a consumer-friendly resource to assist persons with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in navigating the power wheelchair selection process

ABSTRACT Persons living with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease, are often asked to make important decisions regarding power wheelchair (PWC) selection soon after receiving a diagnosis. There is currently a paucity of consumer-friendly information to aid clients living with ALS in better understanding the long-term functional implications of decisions made during the PWC selection process. The purpose of this action research project was to identify the specific considerations and choices required during the PWC selection process to use as the basis for creating a concise, educational video tool that emphasizes functional independence and self-advocacy for clients living with ALS. Semi-structured interviews of a panel of expert stakeholders were conducted to isolate important considerations for PWC selection in clients living with ALS. Qualitative data were collected through coded interviews and used to prioritize themes that were incorporated into an educational video. Once the draft video was created, the expert panel was provided time to review and critique the video prior to the creation of a professional quality video. Major themes identified and analyzed included environmental considerations, PWC component options, self-advocacy, and transportation. The video resource aims to be a resource for beginning a conversation about PWC options to make the PWC evaluation and selection process less daunting for clients and their caregivers.

Prospects of News Televsion: Materials of In-Depth Interviews

The issues of the development of traditional news television in the context of a single information space are considered. The goal is to look at how much content creators and consumers agree in their predictions about the future of TV. The data of in-depth interviews were used as empirical material: professional television journalists (federal TV channels) and students (PFUR “Television” department) were interviewed. The contradictions between the two basic types of media consumption, which are characteristic of addressers and addressees of television messages, are revealed. It is shown that these contradictions explain the generational gap in the perception of modern news television programs, predetermine the decrease in TV consumption of news content from federal channels designed for a mass audience. The relevance of the work is due to the rethinking of the functions and prospects for the development of traditional TV by both professional broadcasters and consumers. The conclusion is made about the further development of news television. It is noted that, on the one hand (the opinion of professionals), traditional television broadcasting will be preserved while adjusting the agenda, rethinking interaction with the audience, changing the broadcasting paradigm, mastering new competencies by professional journalists and using the opportunities of the online space. On the other hand (students’ opinion), subject-to-object news broadcasting of federal channels will cease to exist when the generation of viewers and the funding model change.

Side-by-Side Sports Reporters: A Between-Subjects Experiment of the Effect of Gender in Reporting on the NFL

Women are more visible than ever in sports media. Yet, extant research has shown that females have endured an array of issues exclusive to their gender. Consistent research updates on gender in sports media is necessary in order to discover whether an increase in numbers has changed the assessment of women in sports media. This study’s objective was to understand how audiences now perceive women in television sports media, specifically as sports reporters covering the NFL. This quantitative experiment employed two current, veteran sports reporters (one female and one male) and pre-tested for the purpose of this study. It is the first known study that utilized professional television sports reporters. Each reporter recorded the same two “stand-ups” with identical backdrops. Survey participants randomly watched a video either of the male or female giving a fact or an opinion report and were then asked questions to measure their perception of the sports reporter’s knowledge and credibility. Intriguingly, this study did not replicate results from prior research, and therefore could contribute to literature on women in sports media moving forward.

Collective Bargaining Challenges in the Rise of Esports and Professional Video Gaming

Collective Bargaining Challenges in the Rise of Esports and Professional Video Gaming

Can webinars support the implementation of video consultations at pace and scale within the allied health professions?

Background/aims In an attempt to reduce the impact of COVID-19 and support remote working, many allied healthcare professionals were equipped with video consultation technology. To support this new way of working, profession-specific webinars were delivered and attended by over 50% of the total allied healthcare professional workforce in Scotland. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of these webinars on the knowledge and confidence of allied health professionals in delivering services via video conferencing. Methods Attendees knowledge and current video conferencing use were ascertained immediately before and after webinars. Surveys were also completed at 4 and 8 weeks after the webinar to establish any impact on clinical practice. Results Levels of understanding, knowledge and confidence increased considerably (P<0.001). Follow up at 8 weeks post webinar identified that 75.5% of attendees were using video conferencing, with allied healthcare professional video conferencing activity representing 17% of all national activity by June 2020. Conclusions Upskilling a diverse and dispersed workforce at pace and scale to enable safe remote working has been critical throughout the pandemic. Webinars have proven to be popular with staff to increase their knowledge of and ability to confidently use video conferencing to provide allied healthcare professional services across Scotland.

Hong Kong Anaphylaxis Consortium Consensus Statements on prescription of adrenaline autoinjectors in the acute care setting

BackgroundAdrenaline autoinjectors (AAInj) facilitates early administration of adrenaline and remains the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis. However, only a minority of anaphylaxis survivors in Hong Kong are prescribed AAInj and formal guidance do not exist. International anaphylaxis guidelines have been largely based on Western studies, which may not be as relevant for non-Western populations.ObjectiveTo formulate a set of consensus statements on the prescription of AAInj in Hong Kong.MethodsConsensus statements were formulated by the Hong Kong Anaphylaxis Consortium by the Delphi method. Agreement was defined as greater than or equal to 80% consensus. Subgroup analysis was performed to investigate differences between allergy and emergency medicine physicians.ResultsA total of 7 statements met criteria for consensus with good overall agreement between allergy and emergency medicine physicians. AAInj should be used as first-line treatment and prescribed for all patients at risk of anaphylaxis. This should be prescribed prior to discharge from the Accident and Emergency Department together with an immediate referral to an allergy center. The decision for prescribing AAInj should be based on the severity of previous reactions; including objective signs of respiratory involvement, objective signs of cardiovascular involvement and multiorgan involvement (regardless of severity). Patient demographics and comorbidities, specifically history of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, should also be considered. Patients deemed eligible for AAInj should be offered avoidance advice and prescribed one AAInj while awaiting review by allergists. AAInj technique should be demonstrated by a healthcare professional or instruction video, and a return demonstration by the patient is required. The patient should also be counseled that the decision on the continued need of AAInj prescription in the long-term should be reviewed by an allergist.ConclusionConsensus statements support the prescription of AAInj by front-line physicians with subsequent allergist review when treating patients at risk of anaphylaxis in Hong Kong.

Development of Basketball Tactics Basic Cooperation Teaching System Based on CNN and BP Neural Network.

The traditional basketball teaching mode cannot meet the needs of students for the basic cooperation of basketball tactics. Therefore, a basic cooperation teaching system of basketball tactics based on artificial neural network is studied and designed. The system has a professional basketball game video tactical learning module. The events in the basketball game video are classified through a convolutional neural network and combined with the explanation of teachers to make the students have an intuitive understanding of the basic cooperation of basketball tactics and then design the basketball game module based on a BP neural network to provide students with an online basketball tactics training platform. Finally, the teacher scores the performance of the actual on-site training students in the basic cooperation of basketball tactics through the tactical scoring module on the system. The results show that after the introduction of global and collective motion patterns, the classification accuracy of the convolutional neural network is improved by 22.48%, which has significant optimization. The average accuracy of basketball game video event classification is 62.35%, and the accuracy of snatch event classification is improved to 95.28%. The recognition rate of the BP neural network combined with momentum gradient descent method is 75%, the number of weight adjustment is less, and the memory is small while ensuring fast running speed. Students who accept the basic basketball tactics cooperation teaching system based on the artificial neural network for basketball teaching have an overall score of 27.99 ± 2.11 points The overall score of exchange defense cooperation was 24.12 ± 2.03, which was higher than that of the control group. The above results show that the basketball tactical basic cooperation teaching system based on the artificial neural network has a good teaching effect in improving students' basketball tactical basic cooperation ability.

ИНОЯЗЫЧНАЯ ЛЕКСИКА В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ТЕЛЕВИЗИОННОЙ РЕЧИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of new foreign language vocabulary in the discourse field of Russian television. Professional television speech is considered through the prism of content-thematic groups of borrowed neonominations associated with the pragmatic and axiological attitudes of Russian TV channels. Highlighted the content-semantic groups of neonominations inherent in modern television broadcasting and largely influencing the state of the modern Russian language. The functioning of neonominations in television discourse is considered on the basis of the television speech of federal and regional TV channels of the latest period.

The Use of Video Materials for the Development of Inner Motivation in Learning Foreign Languages of University Students

Our research aims to distinguish the types of motivation that are especially significant for undergraduate students and how authentic video materials foster the development of these types of motivation. Sample for the research was 67 undergraduate students from two Moscow universities – from MRSU (31 students) and from RUDN (36 students). The experiment was carried out in the autumn term of the 2019-2020 academic year. In the course of the research, a survey of students was conducted to identify the most significant factors contributing to an increase in the motivation of learning activities. According to the results of the survey, for senior undergraduate students, the opportunity to plan their learning activities independently acquires the greatest value. The creation of a favourable emotional environment in the classroom and adequate assessment of students are important but not determining factors in the development of motivation. The implementation of innovative pedagogical technologies and psychological and pedagogical support of the learning process are equally important for the formation of motivation. As part of the study, authentic professional video materials were selected and techniques for working with them were developed. The developed materials can be used for teaching language for specific purposes in the areas of Pedagogy, Economics, and Management. Students note that the use of the foreign language being studied in real situations of professional communication is the leading motivational factor. The participation of students in the film making process encourages the development of social and communicative competencies, prepares them for future professional activity.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration Between Veterinary and Communication Students to Promote Communication Skills: A Qualitative Pilot Study.

Interdisciplinary collaborations are increasingly gaining popularity, as are active in higher education and innovative learning strategies. However, relatively little research has been performed related to interdisciplinary learning methodologies in higher education. In the present work, a pilot activity between communication and veterinary students was performed, consisting in performance of mock interviews at a professional television studio. Besides some drawbacks such as low participation rates by veterinary students, the activity was associated with a number of benefits, including enhanced acquirement of communication skills, greater topic-related knowledge assimilation, and reinforced practical application of the theoretical concepts.

The neuropsychological profile of professional action video game players.

In the past 20 years, there has been growing research interest in the association between video games and cognition. Although many studies have found that video game players are better than non-players in multiple cognitive domains, other studies failed to replicate these results. Until now, the vast majority of studies defined video game players based on the number of hours an individual spent playing video games, with relatively few studies focusing on video game expertise using performance criteria. In the current study, we sought to examine whether individuals who play video games at a professional level in the esports industry differ from amateur video game players in their cognitive and learning abilities. We assessed 14 video game players who play in a competitive league (Professional) and 16 casual video game players (Amateur) on set of standard neuropsychological tests evaluating processing speed, attention, memory, executive functions, and manual dexterity. We also examined participants’ ability to improve performance on a dynamic visual attention task that required tracking multiple objects in three-dimensions (3D-MOT) over five sessions. Professional players showed the largest performance advantage relative to Amateur players in a test of visual spatial memory (Spatial Span), with more modest benefits in a test of selective and sustained attention (d2 Test of Attention), and test of auditory working memory (Digit Span). Professional players also showed better speed thresholds in the 3D-MOT task overall, but the rate of improvement with training did not differ in the two groups. Future longitudinal studies of elite video game experts are required to determine whether the observed performance benefits of professional gamers may be due to their greater engagement in video game play, or due to pre-existing differences that promote achievement of high performance in action video games.

An Analysis and Discussion of Vertical Video Production

Watching videos has already become a daily routine for people due to the wide spread of mobile internet techniques. For professional video makers, the study of the academic theory on vertical video production is becoming a necessity. The research of vertical video making takes video production as the starting point, and then studies its similarities and differences compared with horizontal video format in the aspect of developing process, story-telling, production, audio-visual language, viewing experience and broadcasting, etc. to find a good way to transform the two formats into each other in the era when coexistence of these two formats is prevalent, and to promote higher artistic value of vertical video products. Currently, the research of video production in vertical format is still on an early stage, with only a few basic theories but mostly industry practice. Producers and media platforms still hold a relatively conservative view towards large-scale vertical video for film and television works. Therefore, film and television practitioners should learn the new subjects to understand the developing process of vertical video format, to analyze the characteristics and drawbacks of its production, to speculate the trend of long vertical video format, to correctly predict the direction of video aspect ratio, and to determine the best way to deal with the short and long video production in their making process.

Television Series Repertoire in Turkey (1968-2019): A Perspective from Translation Studies

Concentrating on the history of Turkish television from translation studies perspective, the present research broadly aims at problematizing the varying position and role of translation within the “repertoire” (Even-Zohar, 1990) of Turkish television series between 1968 and 2019. Drawing on, on the one hand, the secondary sources provided by researchers on the history of Turkish television (Tamer, 1983; Mutlu 1991/2008; Serim, 2007; Cankaya, 1986; Yücel 2012/2014), and on the other, the primary sources involving the corpus of television remakes presented between 2000-2019 and semi-structured interviews with several television professionals, this research analyses three disparate yet interrelating periods of Turkish television. These periods constitute the era of public broadcaster TRT (1968-1990), the commercial broadcasting in the early 1990s, and lastly, the 2000s. Our main argument is that even though the amount of television series “imported” (Even-Zohar, 1990) from other cultures and their ways of broadcast have remarkably changed from one period to another, translated television series have occupied an indispensable position, having broad cultural significance, and have provided viewers with new “options” (Even-Zohar, 1990) throughout Turkish television history until today. More particularly, it suggests that the ways of transfer have been enriched through time, moving from dubbing to subtitling and to the current practice of remaking of foreign originals, a significant part of the repertoire of television series in Turkey.

Home-grown fiction programmes in the late-Franco period and the first transition: Shaping a democratic culture (1970–1976)

This work reviews the role of Spanish-produced fiction in the shaping of a democratic culture in Spain. To this end, it studies in-depth a selection of domestic fiction programmes aired in the years leading up to the death of the dictator General Franco and the outset of the transition to democracy (1970–1976). Spanish television professionals during this period used fictional accounts to initiate themselves in a type of production that had scarcely had a presence in its rudimentary audio-visual market. But they also used fiction to bypass censorship and broadcast messages aimed at promoting a democratic culture. This research analyses the content and formal characteristics of 11 fiction series produced by Televisión Española that, besides being hugely popular, stood out for the ideological richness of their messages. These programmes proved to be important cultural pieces in laying the groundwork for the transition to democracy by acting as channels to instil values of freedom, consumption or gender equality and criticism of the Franco regime. This analysis concludes by showing how in 1976, the fledgling stages of the transition saw the advent of formally democratic programming that, however, had been fuelled, among others, by contents aired in previous years.

Enhancing Learners’ Communicative Skills through Audio-Visual Means

Communication helps us to receive and transmit information with the help of the language. In the result of globalization and cultural integration English became a worldwide used language. Knowledge of English gives rise to numerous possibilities so modern specialists have to speak the English language fluently. Thus, methods of teaching students a foreign language should be developed. English language acquisition is closely connected with different types of activities with audio and video that help motivate students to communicate and enhance their communicative competence of English through listening and speaking. Moreover, listening to and watching authentic professionally-oriented educational materials has a better impact on the sensory organs and allows students to choose the appropriate vocabulary to respond quickly to communicative situations. Therefore, we hypothesize, that the effectiveness of the use of audiovisual means in teaching professional English communication depends on such factors as the teacher’s skills level, the quality of the audiovisual means used, the authenticity of the professional audio and video texts, the correct organization of the educational process and the consideration of the individual peculiarities of students. In this study we analyse theoretical data relevant to the current research, describe our personal approach to the choice of methods and techniques using audio and video to provide students with proficiency in professional English and seek to compare the level of English language proficiency before and after the experiment when conducting our lessons with different types of activities. Our findings prove that the appropriate usage of authentic audio and video professional materials by the teacher influences the sensory organs of students and allows them to memorize vocabulary and speech patterns better in order to react to communicative situations.

Sosyal Medya Kullanıcılarının Metalaşması: YouTuberlar Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Bir sosyal paylaşım ağı olan YouTube, kullanıcılarına kişisel yayıncılık yapabilme imkanı vermektedir. Ancak, bu yayıncılık üzerinden geleneksel televizyonun yayın modeline benzer şekilde bir sermaye birikimi gerçekleştirir. YouTube amatör veya profesyonel video içerik üreten YouTuberlar üzerinden gelir elde ederken, YouTuberlar takipçi ve izlenme oranları üzerinden kazanç sağlar. Ticarileşen sosyal medyanın bu işleyişi Dallas Walker Smythe’nin 1970’lerde literatüre kazandırdığı “izleyici metası” tartışmalarını yeniden hatırlatmıştır. Smythe, reklamla desteklenmiş kitle medyasında üretilen asli metanın izleyici olduğunu savunur. Kitle iletişim araçlarıyla izleyici bir meta olarak örgütlenir ve bu meta reklam verenlere satılır. Bu çalışmada, Smtyhe’nin “izleyici metası” yaklaşımı YouTube’un işleyişine uyarlanmış ve kullanıcıların reklam verenlere pazarlandığı süreç anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma için YouTube platformunun genel betimlenmesi yapılmış ve ardından farklı konularda içerik üretimiyle popüler sekiz Türk YouTuber seçilerek çevrimiçi etnografik yöntem ile içerik analizi yöntemi beraber kullanılmıştır. Seçilen YouTuberların videolarında ürün yerleştirme, sponsor ve banner reklamların miktarı kaydedilerek ve hikaye aktarımında reklam unsurlarının konumlandırılması betimlenerek kullanıcıların metalaşması anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, YouTube’un ve YouTuberların kullanıcı ve takipçileri ürettiği içerik dolayımıyla metalaştırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Re-Digitizing Television News: The Relationship between TV, Online Media and Audiences

This study takes a socio-technical approach, and uses ethnography, participant observation, and in-depth interviews to analyze the online operations of two major Colombian TV news organizations—Caracol TV and Citytv—and the interaction between traditional media and online news teams during a moment in which television is experiencing renewed technological pressures coming from innovative forms of online video production and distribution and unprecedented access to digital platforms such as social media that offer live social broadcasting features. Findings show that complicated organizational arrangements between traditional and online media conditioned the adoption of digital technology, the transition of television media to online settings, and the production of online content at Caracol TV and Citytv. Likewise, the relationship between online teams working for TV stations and online users mimics the traditional relationship between television professionals and TV viewers in national and local contexts.

Television professionals’ reflections on their practices while cooperating with amateur participants: A case study of three topical Finnish multiplatform shows

This article investigates the professional identities of key members of the television production teams that cooperate with volunteer citizens. The data is derived from production ethnographies conducted during three Finnish reality and documentary productions over the 2015–18 period, which included reflective interviews with scriptwriter-directors, operating producers and a key cinematographer. In the productions utilizing volunteers as storytellers, the professionals focused on building multivocal television narration, which offered amateur presenters valuable opportunities to address the audience. In doing so, the professionals drew on their craft skills and gladly resorted to broad job descriptions and reciprocal teamwork. At the same time, they took the lead in planning the programme entirely and used production tools to control their communication with amateurs. However, in their reflections, the professionals also expressed uncertainty about many obstacles and tensions in selecting and encountering ordinary people. According to the activity theory, the television production staff’s professional development has to be built on the relevant strata of their current skills. The professionals’ identified interest in building multivocal content forms the basis for rejuvenating the entire production process towards co-creation, to take optimal advantage of the way regular citizens make sense.