Level Of Professional Training Research Articles

READINESS OF TEACHERS OF GEOGRAFHY OF SPECIAL SCHOOLS IN SLOVAK REPUBLIC TO USE THE ELECTRONIC MANUAL WITH IT SUPPORT

The purpose of the article is to highlight the level of readiness of teachers of geography of special schools of the Slovak Republic (on the example of 14 of special and inclusive education institutions of the Košice Region) to the use of an electronic didactic manual on IT support. Teachers of the Department of Special Pedagogy of the Pedagogical Faculty of the Catholic University in Ruzomberok together with teachers of the geography of special schools prepared an electronic didactic manual on IT support taking into account modern requirements to the level of knowledge, abilities and psychophysical capabilities of school children with special education needs. The manual has helped to raise the level of geographical learning among school children of special school. The convincing results of the pedagogical experiment are described in the previous article «Using a didactic tool with IT-support for teaching geography in a special school in Slovakia». However, in the course of studying the question the researchers concluded that success in the work depends on the level of readiness of the teacher for this work. Namely, the presence of interest and motivation to the introduction of innovative forms of training for the subjects of the education process the attitude of the teacher to the organization of the education process, the level of professional training (possession of the means and technologies of training). To obtain objective and unbiased results Google Form has conducted a survey of teachers of geography. The first set of questions – the reference one – provided an opportblocky to explain the answers of the second set of questions – the informative one. The statistical processing of the survey results supports the assumption that the quality of the IT-supported e-manual is largely dependent on the teacher’s readiness. The results also show that the majority of teachers of geography surveyed are well aware of the benefits of this teaching tool and are now ready to put the manual into practice. However, due to the rapid progress in the use of information and communication technologies the teachers of special schools do not deny the need to improve their professional knowledge of the use of ICT in postgraduate teacher training.

State of professional readiness of the future physical education teachers

The current state of training of students of the faculties of physical education and sports requires modernization and improvement of the training process of future physical education teachers in secondary schools. The problem of forming the professional readiness of teachers is currently in the center of attention of the Ukrainian education sphere. Professional training of physical education teachers must meet the requirements of the methodology of modern science; organically fit into the general theory of the culture of the individual and society; to enable students to identify and solve philosophical, cultural, sociological, psychological and pedagogical problems. The purpose of the work is to determine the professional readiness of future physical education teachers to work in a secondary school. The research methodology is based on the theoretical and scientific-methodical levels of the main provisions of pedagogy and psychology, theory and methodology of physical education and professional education, laws and principles of the educational process in the field of physical culture and sports. Scientific methods were used in the research: analysis of literary sources, pedagogical observation, interview, questionnaire, assessment of professional readiness. The research was conducted at Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University in 2021–2023, in which students of the third and fourth years (84 persons) of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports took part. Scientific novelty. The acquired professional knowledge, skills and abilities at the level of the latest achievements of psychological-pedagogical, anatomical-physiological disciplines and a high level of physical and methodical preparation in the field of physical culture and sports are the basis of the successful activity of the future physical education teacher. Conclusions. It was established that 17.6% of third-year students had a high level of professional readiness, 50.9% had an average level and 31.5% had a low level. The fourth-year students showed better knowledge, abilities and skills, their professional training, and accordingly, their professional competences are higher: 23.8% have a high level of professional training, 51.8% - average, and only 24.4% - low.

Predictors of health workers' knowledge of maternal and perinatal deaths surveillance and response system in Morogoro region, Tanzania: An analytical cross-sectional study.

This study aimed at assessing the predictors of knowledge about the Maternal and Perinatal Deaths Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) system among health workers in the Morogoro region. It was an analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from April 27 to May 29, 2020. A multistage sampling technique was used to recruit 360 health workers. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS v.20) software was used for data entry and analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with knowledge of MPDSR. A total of 105 (29.2%) health workers in the Morogoro region had adequate knowledge of the MPDSR system. After controlling for confounders, predictors of knowledge on the MPDSR system were the level of health facility a health worker was working (n [hospital [adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.668 at 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.497-4.753, P = .001]), level of education of a health worker (diploma [AOR = 0.146 at 95% CI = 0.038-0.561, P = .005]), and status of training on MPDSR (trained [AOR = 7.253 at 95% CI = 3.862-13.621, P ≤ .001]). The proportion of health workers with adequate knowledge about the MPDSR system in the Morogoro region is unacceptably low. Factors associated with adequate knowledge were those working in hospitals with higher levels of professional training and those who had ever had training in MPDSR. A cost-effective strategy to improve the level of knowledge regarding MPDSR in this region is highly recommended.

PECULIARITIES OF OPTIMIZATION OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS TO STUDENTS OF ECONOMIC SPECIALTIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

In the article, the author studies the peculiarities of optimizing the teaching of mathematics to students of economic specialties in higher education institutions. It has been found that teaching mathematics to students of economic specialties is accompanied by a number of problems, in particular, the subject area, the peculiarities of the modern educational environment and the social context. Some students do not show sufficient interest and do not realize the importance of mathematics in professional activities. Low motivation leads to the lack of concentration in the classroom and worsening the outcomes. The quality of mathematics education is negatively affected by the lack of a sufficient level of students’ basic mathematical knowledge. They may not understand real economic scenarios of future professional activities and have difficulty using mathematical concepts to model and analyze real economic situations. Some mathematical concepts and categories, such as differential equations or statistics, can be difficult to understand and apply in the context of complex economic models.Optimization of teaching means bringing this process to a state that ensures the achievement of goals in accordance with the requirements for the content and level of professional training of students, taking into account their interests and capabilities in conditions of limited use of time and effort resources. The main ways to optimize mathematics teaching are: use of specific economic examples and tasks to explain mathematical concepts, because learning can be more effective if students see how they can use mathematics in their future economic activities; integrating teaching with economic models and mathematical concepts so that students can see the use of math in analyzing economic phenomena; use of computer and specialized programs for visualization of mathematical concepts and their use in economic issues; introduction of interactive online resources to facilitate the learning process; active use of applied tasks, inclusion in the curriculum of tasks that require the use of math skills to solve specific economic problems, etc.

Professional education and the needs of modern Russian industry

Aim. To identify the correspondence of the level of professional training of graduates of higher and secondary educational institutions to the needs of modern industry on the example of St. Petersburg enterprises, as well as to assess the dynamics of changes in the basic competencies of new employees coming from the educational environment to the labor collectives.Objectives. To determine the quality of interaction between the educational and industrial spheres on the example of St. Petersburg; to assess the level and dynamics of changes in professional knowledge and skills, social qualities and universal competencies of graduates of St. Petersburg higher and secondary vocational educational institutions.Methods. On the basis of employers’ survey the quality of training of graduates of St. Petersburg higher and secondary vocational educational institutions was assessed by such indicators as the level of professional knowledge and skills, social qualities and universal competences. The results of the monitoring were compared and the dynamics of changes in recent years in the quality of training of young specialists according to the main requirements of employers was revealed.Results. The degree of interaction between industrial structures and the system of professional education in the conditions of increasingly complex economic situation and social transformations is determined. The role of the enterprise as an economic unit is shown, modern labor relations in the production team are characterized. The parameters of employers’ assessment of the quality of training of graduates of St. Petersburg higher and secondary vocational educational institutions are proposed. On the basis of employers’ data, the level and dynamics of changes in professional knowledge and skills, social qualities and universal competencies of graduates of St. Petersburg higher and secondary vocational educational institutions who were hired in 2014-2022 in the St. Petersburg production sphere were assessed. Conclusions. The directions of activation of interaction between the education system and industrial production, professional orientation of young people, formation of the creative component both in the educational process and in the production team have been proposed. The efficiency of measures on formation of progressive labor market on the basis of improvement of quality of preparation of graduates of higher and secondary professional educational institutions employed at enterprises, their quick adaptation in the conditions of production process and labor relations is determined.

Teachers’ perspectives on effective English language teaching practices at the elementary level: A phenomenological study

This study examined instructional practices and challenges English language teachers face in elementary schools. This study used a phenomenological approach and a mixed-method design. The data were collected through four tools: questionnaires, case studies, interviews, and observations in eight elementary schools in which eight educators and two hundred students participated from schools of three districts in central Punjab, Pakistan. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of teachers and students regarding the current pedagogical and instructional practices employed in English language classes. This study identified issues related to the lack of professional training and qualifications, overcrowded classrooms, cultural and social barriers, limited availability of the latest resources and technology, and a lack of parental cooperation. The findings suggested revisiting teachers’ professional development programs, focusing on innovative teaching methods, incorporating technology into language teaching classes and classroom materials development, and adaptation preparation. It further suggested that teachers with low levels of professional qualifications and training should consider focusing on specific approaches to meet the challenges they face in language classes instead of general teaching approaches.

The Effectiveness of the Use of Information Technology in the Process of Professional Training of a Teacher-Musician

The article discusses the use of information and communication technologies in the process of instrumental training of future teachers-musicians based on distance learning. The importance of distance learning for us is to increase the level of professional instrumental training of students through the creation of a unified information system of education. The purpose of this article is to summarize the experience of using distance technologies in teaching special disciplines in the context of professional training of a future music teacher and to analyze their effective capabilities in this aspect. Our study compares and analyzes various points of view of modern teachers in the USA, Russia and Kazakhstan, who study the problems of using information and communication technologies in the process of conducting individual musical disciplines in the context of distance learning. In order to improve the performing skills of the future music teacher, practical recommendations on the use of information and communication technologies in the learning process have been developed. In order to improve the performing skills of the future music teacher, practical recommendations on the use of information and communication technologies in the learning process have been developed. The research was conducted in the 2022–2023 academic year at the Department of “Traditional Musical Art” of the Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University and in 2023–2024 at the Pedagogical Institute of Astana International University. To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire method was chosen, questionnaires with open and closed types of questions were used. This article analyzes open-type answers. In the process of training specialists, pedagogical conditions for the use of information and communication technologies are determined on the basis of applied research and positive results of practical work in the direction of music and performing pedagogy.

Допустимість використання штучного інтелекту у правоохоронній діяльності

The article defines the admissibility conditions for the practical use of conclusions (solutions) regarding artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities. A warning was expressed that depending on the circumstances of its specific application and use and the level of technological development, artificial intelligence may create risks and harm state or private interests and the fundamental rights of individuals. The admissibility of using artificial intelligence systems and conclusions (decisions) of artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities is established as a reason for conducting an additional check but not a basis for making a decisive decision by a law enforcement and law enforcement body. Attention is focused on the fact that artificial intelligence systems help law enforcement officers make decisions and not make decisions instead of law enforcement officers. Modern scientific views on using artificial intelligence systems in law enforcement activities are analyzed. The guiding provisions of the draft legislative resolution of the European Parliament on the proposal for the regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on the establishment of harmonized rules on artificial intelligence (Law on artificial intelligence) and separate legal acts of Ukraine in the field of development and use of artificial intelligence technologies are analyzed. It is concluded that there needs to be a proper scientific substantiation of the permissible limits (legal, ethical) of the use of conclusions (decisions) of artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities and the lack of specialists who can create and properly control artificial intelligence technologies. The expediency of developing the Code of Ethics for artificial intelligence with the participation of a wide range of interested parties, including law enforcement officers, is supported. It is noted that there is a need to bring the current legislation in the field of using artificial intelligence technologies into compliance with international legal acts and established standards, in particular regarding the admissibility (acceptability) of using the conclusions (decisions) of artificial intelligence in law enforcement activities and increasing the level of professional training of specialists to provide the field of artificial intelligence technologies with qualified staff capable of monitoring the process of applying artificial intelligence technologies in law enforcement activities. Keywords: artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence technologies, law enforcement activities, law enforcement agencies.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ГОТОВНОСТІ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА ДО КЕРІВНИЦТВА УЧНІВСЬКИМ ІНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНИМ КОЛЕКТИВОМ

The article deals with the problem of forming the future music teacher’s readiness for organizational and pedagogical activities in a student instrumental group. The twenty-first century’s teacher is a person who has a system of professional knowledge and skills, is able to maintain the level of psychological, pedagogical and professional training according to the latest achievements and scientific and pedagogical discussions at the national and world levels, strives for continuous selfdevelopment and self-improvement, and is ready for pedagogical activity. The criteria and indicators of the formed level of future music teachers' readiness for organizational and pedagogical work in a student instrumental group are identified and substantiated (motivational and cognitive, cognitive and operational, creative and activity, emotional and volitional criteria). In the course of the study, it was determined that the effectiveness of the formation of the future music teacher’s professional readiness for organizational and pedagogical work in a student instrumental group and its theoretical and methodological substantiation can be carried out under the following basic pedagogical conditions, namely: consistent motivational improvement of students' learning activities in an ensemble class; formation of performance culture as the basis of readiness for instrumental and performing activities; application of an individual approach to the formation of students' performing style of pedagogical guidance of a student instrumental group; systematic involvement of future music teachers in various forms of concert and performance activities; integration of various types of music and performance activities of students; optimal combination of theoretical and practical experience of students with a projection on practical work with students; reliance on the method of activating performance practice. The structure of the future music teacher’s readiness for organizational and pedagogical activities in a student instrumental group is determined, which involves the following components: motivational (responsibility for the task fulfilment), orientational (knowledge and understanding of the features and conditions of activity, requirements for personality), operational (mastery of methods and techniques of activity; necessary knowledge, skills, abilities; processes of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization), volitional (self-control, ability to manage actions, that make up the process of activity), evaluative (self-assessment of one’s own training and its relevance to the process of solving professional problems).

Methods of teaching motor skills and professional orientation skills of information major students in the process of physical education

The article examines the motor skills and characteristics of the psyche of future information technology specialists, which made it possible to determine those indicators that directly affect the educational achievements of students of higher education and to develop model characteristics of the formation of motor skills and professional orientation skills of students of information specialties. At the same time, the relationship between the indicators of special motor training and the level of professional training of future information technology specialists has been determined, and the structure of psychophysical training for the successful mastery of professional abilities and skills of the future specialty in the field of information technology has been determined. The differentiation of physical education of students of higher education according to gender, motivational aspirations and future specialty is substantiated, and on this basis, a methodology for the formation of motor skills and professional orientation skills of future information technology specialists is developed.

Toolkit for creating a safety culture for future railway workers

JSC ‟Russian Railways” is carrying out comprehensive work to reduce injuries to zero, including by increasing the level of professional training of employees. Safety culture as a derivative of the international movement Vision Zero, has become an important part of the occupational safety management system in Russian Railways and has radically changed the approach to the identification and prevention of injuries in railway transport. Students of transport technical schools and universities should join the Vision Zero international movement at the stage of education, that is, much earlier than the actual start of work. To do this, it is proposed to introduce a system of annual labor protection months in educational institutions, which will become the basis for the formation of a safety culture. Conducting such months gives the student the opportunity to take part in them for several years in a row, at the beginning of training to a greater extent as a listener and spectator, but at senior courses, to act as a lecturer, organizer and participate in more significant events.Constant work on the formation of a ‟correct” understanding of the importance of compliance with the safety standards and rules of future railway workers will become the basis for the eradication of injuries due to unfair compliance with the requirements of labor protection instructions.

Investment policy of construction enterprises under the conditions of marital state

Purpose. Studying the investment policy in construction in wartime conditions, namely: determining the general characteristics of the investment process in construction in wartime conditions; identification of factors affecting investment activity; analysis of the problems of investment activity in these conditions; development of recommendations for improvement of investment policy in construction in wartime conditions. Methodology. In the process of studying the investment policy of construction enterprises in the conditions of martial law, the following methods were used: expert assessment (allowed obtaining conclusions and recommendations regarding the possibilities of investing in construction projects in conditions of military conflict), scenario modeling (development of various scenarios investing in the construction sector made it possible to analyze the possible consequences and results of each of them), system analysis (taking into account the relationships between various aspects of the investment policy of construction enterprises and its impact on the economy and society as a whole) and marketing research (determining the needs and requirements of the market in relation to investments in the construction sector in the conditions of a military conflict). Findings. The authors indicated the main problems of construction financing: lack of long-term loans and investments for construction; high interest rates on loans; imperfect legislation in the field of construction; lack of transparency and efficiency in the management of public finances allocated for construction. It is proposed to take the following measures: to create conditions for attracting long-term loans and investments in construction; to reduce interest rates on loans; to improve legislation in the field of construction; to improve the transparency and efficiency of the management of public finances allocated for construction; to improve mechanisms of public-private partnership in the field of construction; to develop programs to stimulate housing construction for low-income citizens; to create conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the field of construction. To form the investment attractiveness of the construction industry in Ukraine, the authors suggest creating a favorable investment climate that will guarantee investors the protection of their rights and interests; developing transparent and effective rules and procedures for regulation of construction; ensuring access to quality construction materials and equipment at competitive prices; improving the qualification and level of professional training of construction personnel. Originality. The article comprehensively researches the investment policy in construction in the conditions of war for the first time. The authors revealed new regularities in the development of the investment process in construction under martial law, developed recommendations for its improvement. Practical value. The results of the study can be used to form an effective investment policy in construction in wartime conditions. They can also be used to develop measures to support investment activities in construction under martial law.

Training of library and information personnel in the context of the digital transformation of the library industry in Vietnam: Case study of the Center for Libraries and Digital Knowledge of Hanoi National University

The author analyzes and evaluates the current situation with training library and information personnel at the Center for Libraries and Digital Knowledge of Vietnam National University (Hanoi) in the context of the digital transformation of the library industry in Vietnam. The following issues are highlighted: the role of library and information personnel in the digital transformation of the library industry; application of the ASK model (attitude, skills, knowledge) to analyze the current situation with information and library human resources at the Center for Libraries and Digital Knowledge of the Vietnam National University, Hanoi. The statistically reliable data evidence on the imbalance of three main components of the planned program: the level of professional library training for the implementation of the goals is generally sufficient; the qualifications of employees in the field of new information technologies look weaker. Third, the librarians’ practical knowledge of foreign languages is of particular concern, which is essential for real digital transformation of libraries. The author offers assessments and recommendations to improve the training of library personnel capable and to meet the requirements of the digital transformation of the library industry in Vietnam.

Professional standard «Agronomy» in the context of employer's requests

Introduction. In the article, the authors drew attention to the fact that the development of modern agriculture is aimed at finding new ways and methods to increase land productivity and raise farm animals. In the current situation, the interaction between real production and science comes to the fore. Science should provide domestic enterprises with high technologies. However, there is a large gap between universities and the real sector of the economy.Purpose setting. Compliance of the competencies of graduates with the requirements of employers is becoming a modern trend in the development of agricultural education. In the conditions of innovative economic development, the labor market needs specialists who can work in various professional environments and have a high motivation for retraining.Methodology and methods of the study. The secondary analysis of sociological research data on the compliance of the level of professional training of graduates of agricultural universities with the production requirements of today is compared with the results of a sociological study of students of Nizhny Novgorod Agrotechnological University.Results. The researchers not only identified a set of problems inherent in modern agricultural education, but also described specific competencies (according to the federal state educational standard in the area of training «Agronomy» (FGOS 3++), which do not meet the needs of the leading stakeholders of agricultural production, revealed the inconsistency of the subjects of the educational process in understanding and broadcasting professional qualifications.Conclusion. The authors believe that the results obtained determine the relevance of the rights of agricultural universities to make their own adjustments to the formation of the qualifications of graduates.

КРЕАТИВНЕ ЛІДЕРСТВО В ОРГАНАХ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ВЛАДИ: МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ-МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ ПІДХІД

The article deals with the theoretical and methodological trends of leadership in the conditions of martial law, the influence of leadership qualities on digitization and their advantages in modern society. The need to activate the creative basis of business structures is substantiated. The essence of creativity in the general sense and in the production activity of the enterprise is clarified. The need to activate the creative basis of business structures is substantiated. The essence of creativity in the general sense and in the production activity of the enterprise is clarified. The role of the manager in the development of creativity at the enterprise is determined, taking into account the main features that contribute to leadership in creative management. The necessary measures to stimulate the development of creativity and creative abilities of employees are formulated, the factors that contribute to the formation of creative activity of personnel and important conditions for the success of innovative activities in the management of business structures are highlighted. When choosing a management style, the leader must take into account, first of all, the laws of management, which determine the basis of the objective components of the style. Ignorance of laws can only partially be compensated by the art of management. The same applies to the principles (generality, objectivity, obligation) that determine the rules for introducing laws into management practice, serving as guidelines when choosing a style. Today, the principle of decentralization is manifested by democratic leaders during the organization of the implementation of the decisions made. It is implemented in the form of delegation of authority by the leader to subordinates. At this stage, a democratic leader tries to take into account the level of professional training, experience, ambitions, motivation, etc. of his followers as much as possible. By delegating responsible duties to them, he strives to make their performance attractive, satisfying and conducive to personal growth, while achieving success serves as a kind of social reward, strengthens the sense of involvement and personal responsibility for the fate of the organization. Along with responsibilities, the leader delegates to his followers the appropriate authority and resources to fulfill them. Without removing his own responsibility for achieving the defined goals, the leader in the framework of the democratic style of management avoids excessive detailed control over the actions of subordinates. He controls the result, giving subordinates the opportunity to show creativity when determining ways to achieve it. However, when evaluating subordinates, he is guided by objective, tested and well-known criteria that exclude subjectivism or bias.

PROJECT-ANALYTICAL ACTIVITY OF FUTURE OFFICERS AS A PROBLEM OF EDUCATION SCIENCE

In current conditions of the military-political context there are high demands on the level of professional training of offi- cers due to the constant improvement of military equipment and changes in the conditions of combat operations. The purpose of the research is to analyze and substantiate the scientific and theoretical foundations of the content of project-analytical activity and the development of project-analytical competence of future officers. The features of military-professional activ- ities are analyzed, where specific requirements for military specialists are imposed. Project-analytical activity is defined as a key element that ensures the effectiveness of other activities of military specialists. It is emphasized that project-analytical competence of future officers includes integrative qualities and skills necessary for the analysis and design of the results of military-professional training.Project-analytical competence of military officers includes various aspects, such as attitude to information, critical think- ing, information-analytical knowledge, skills and abilities. Project-analytical activity and competence are considered as the basis of military training, contributing to the development of personal qualities of future officers, such as analytical thinking, attentiveness, creativity and responsibility. It is emphasized that military specialists must be capable of navigating the informa- tion space and actively participating in its formation.The research defines the structure of the officer project-analytical activities, including the subject, motives, purpose and means, conditions of organization and implementation and results. The authors emphasize that the process of preparing future officers for project- analytical activity in the system of military-professional education includes successive stages: moti- vational and target, theoretical and analytical, practical and professional, military-specialized training. It is also established that project-analytical competence performs motivational and target, information-analytical, prognostic, organizational and control-corrective functions.Project-analytical activity of officers, recognized as a priority in the military-professional sphere, requires specialized training of future military personnel; it contributes to the development of creativity, independence and innovation of specialists.

Региональная система научно-методического сопровождения педагогических работников и управленческих кадров образовательных организаций общего образования

The effectiveness of the education system in general and general education in particular depends on highly qualified teaching staff carrying out educational activities. A high level of professional training of pedagogical staff implies their continuous professional development (training). In order to create an effective system of ad-vanced training for teachers and school leaders, it is necessary to have a comprehensive system of scientific and methodological support for this activity. Relevance of the problem under study. The relevance of the devel-opment of the system of support for the professional development of teaching staff is due to the lack of a uni-fied approach to the organization of the activities of methodological support services, as well as insufficient scientific methodological justification of this activity, the lack of connection between science and practice. Mate-rials and methods of research. Analysis of normative legal acts on the problem; official websites of federal and regional executive authorities managing in the field of education; analysis of domestic and foreign academic research on the problem. The results of the research and their discussion. The comparative analysis of the im-plementation of the system of scientific and methodological support of professional activity of teachers and school managers was carried out; the main directions of activity for the improvement and development of the system of scientific and methodological support of professional activity of teaching staff were determined; the system of professional development of teaching staff in educational organizations of general education was proposed.

Оценка работодателями компетенций сотрудников судостроительной, лесной и рыбопромышленной отраслей Архангельской области в контексте развития цифровизации и автоматизации производств

The article is devoted to the study of employers’ perceptions of the competences of employees in the shipbuilding, fishing and forestry industries of the Arkhangelsk Oblast in the context of digitalization and automation of production. As part of the sociological research, the team conducted a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews among representatives of enterprises in these industries. The results of the research allowed drawing conclusions that the professional competencies of employees, as well as abilities to work independently, in non-standard situations and under stress are currently the most in demand for employers. There is also a very high demand for qualities associated with discipline and the desire to develop in the profession. In terms of the size of enterprises, the higher requirement for almost all competences in small and medium-sized enterprises compared to large employers is noteworthy. The authors conclude that about half of the enterprises in the shipbuilding, forestry and fishing industries of the Arkhangelsk Oblast have implemented automation and digitalization into all key production processes. In the near future, more than 50% of employers expect a high demand for employee competencies related to the use of new production technologies. The survey revealed a gap between employers’ expectations and the actual level of professional training and skills of recent graduates of educational institutions of higher and secondary vocational education, including with regard to the most in-demand knowledge, skills and abilities. In the context of industries, it is noteworthy that the level of satisfaction with the training of graduates of shipbuilding industry is much lower, except for those who received education through the “Plant-University” system (Severodvinsk).

Crime in the law enforcement agencies in 1948–1952 and its counteraction

The article reveals the state of crime in the police in 1948–1952, identifies its main manifestations and measures to counteract it. Crime in the police in the post-war years remained an acute and permanent problem. The late 1940s and early 1950s were no exception. This was influenced by the very nature of the totalitarian regime, which was based on violence and violation of the rule of law, the difficult socio-economic situation in the country, as the consequences of the post-war devastation were only beginning to be eliminated, and the low level of professional training and education of a certain number of police officers. For many of them, the perceptions of the state of legality were quite specific, formed mainly under the influence of the events of the war, combined with a tendency to be quick to punish those who were considered criminals and a relatively low level of awareness of the law. All of this has led to the existence of the problem of crime in the law enforcement agencies of the republic, and this problem is still relevant today, both from a theoretical and practical point of view. The most common violations in the police at that time were: alcoholism, abuse of office, connections with criminals, violations of the law during the detention of citizens and the conduct of investigations, failure to comply with orders, bribery, embezzlement, domestic and moral decay, desertion, disclosure of official secrets, unauthorised abandonment of duty, illegal use of weapons and, as a result, injury or killing of citizens, negligence in the performance of official duties, and loss of personal weapons. Most cases of lawbreaking were committed by police officers who were intoxicated. During this period, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR took a number of measures to improve the situation: offenders were dismissed from the police and brought to trial, and the leadership of those local police forces with the highest number of such violations was changed. This was done on the basis of an analysis of the flow of investigative cases, inspection of documentation and the state of work of local police bodies in the field of training their personnel.

Social and communicative competence of sales managers at the initial stage of professionalization

The variety of modern approaches to the problem of the development of social and communicative competence of managers, the practical need to improve the preparation for the professional activities of young professionals determined the relevance of this study. The article reveals the need to consider the features of the social and communicative competence of sales managers through the prism of the subject-subject approach. The study used a variety of psychodiagnostic techniques to compare the degree of formation of components of social and communicative competence of students and working professionals. As a result of an empirical study, significant differences in individual characteristics of the respondents' social and communicative competence were revealed, depending on the level of professional training.