Professional Requirements Research Articles

Documentation practice and associated factors among nurses working in public hospitals in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia

BackgroundNursing documentation documents the everyday activities of nursing care that are planned and implemented on individual patients by nurses of different educational statuses. Documentation of nursing activities is the key source of clinical information to meet professional and legal requirements. Although nursing documentation is an important part of nursing practice, it is commonly undone by nurses working with patients for different reasons.ObjectiveTo assess the documentation practice and their associated factors among nurses working in public hospitals in the Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 nurses and a simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were collected using a pretested structured self-administered questionnaire adapted from previous studies. Statistical Package for the Social Science version 26 was used for data entry and analysis. Independent variables with p-value < 0.25 from bivariable logistic regression were entered into the multivariable logistic regression method and significant associations were obtained at an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05.ResultsIn this study, the good documentation practice among nurses was 42% [95% confidence interval (CI), 37.2–46.8]. There was a statistically significant relationship between documentation practice and age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.590 (95% CI: 1.4–4.79)], educational status [AOR: 2.248 (95% CI: 1.13–4.48)], hospital level [AOR: 4.185 (95% CI: 2.63–6.72)], work experience (2–5 years and > 5 years) [AOR: 4.066 (95% CI: 1.55–10.64)] and [AOR: 5.395 (95% CI: 1.97–14.81)] respectively and in-service training [AOR: 0.582 (95% CI: 0.366–0.923)].Conclusion and recommendationsThis study demonstrated that the good practice of documentation among nurses was found to be low. Age, educational status, working in comprehensive specialized hospitals, work experience, and having in-service training had significant associations with documentation practice. It is very important to plan and intervene with different strategies, such as providing training for young nurses, nurses with low educational status, nurses working in primary hospitals, and nurses with less than two years of work experience on documentation standards, to create positive attitudes and enhance their knowledge.

The specifics of vocal training and pedagogical activities of S. Yu. Motte at Kharkiv Music School (1885–1901)

The purpose of the publication is to determine the specifics of vocal training in S. Yu. Motte’s singing class at Kharkiv Music School as a functional structure of the Kharkiv branch of the Russian Musical Society (RMS) during 1885–1901.&#x0D; The methodology. Since the specifics of the functioning of vocal art at Kharkiv Music School during 1885–1901 is examined in the scientific discourse for the first time, the methodological basis of the article is the method of comparative analysis, the application of which made it possible to reveal the peculiarities of professional training and further professional self-realization of pupils of S. Motte’s singing class. The determination of S. Motte’s approaches as a vocalist-pedagogue to the development of the voice was carried out on the basis of the analysis of the performing practice of her students within the framework of the application of systematicity principle.&#x0D; The results. On the basis of analysis of music reviews in the Kharkiv press during 1877–1901 and reports of the Kharkiv branch of the RMS, both the level of S. Motte’s vocal mastery, which became the foundation for understanding the methodology of working with a voice and the teacher’s professional approaches to vocal training of the students of Kharkiv Music School, are investigated. The basis of the generalizations was the analysis of the repertoire performed by S. Motte and her students Y. Reider, M. Mykhailova, M. Poliakova, L. Kurochkyna, and others at public events as the material that was used to study the singing voice. The article highlights the role of S. Motte in understanding the professional requirements for a vocalist graduating from Kharkiv Music School; she formalised the content of the vocal qualification exam.&#x0D; The scientific novelty. It is proved that during her teaching activities at Kharkiv Music School, S. Motte showed her pedagogical talent, educating specialists capable of successfully conducting vocal performance and pedagogical functions at a sufficiently professional level within a certain period and the regulated educational process. Such a level of education was ensured by studying the voice on musical material, which consisted of instructional texts and chamber repertoire popular on the concert stage, which provided the technology of vocal training and mastering the culture of singing, and European opera music as a criterion of vocal mastery.&#x0D; The practical significance. Clarifying the logic of the formation and functioning of certain signs of professional voice reproduction of a musical text within certain chronological and cultural boundaries will contribute to the improvement of the process of understanding the phenomena of the musical culture of Kharkiv on the one hand, and of the vocal art of Ukraine on the other hand.

The Role of the Methodologist in Simulation Training

The authors reveal the role of methodologists in the development of simulation education. The methodologist in the educational process plays a significant role in ensuring the quality of simulation education by preparing the necessary educational resources that meet the requirements for training practical healthcare professionals.

Nuclear decommissioning: project management and leadership

Abstract. Management and leadership for safety relate to managerial competencies necessary to develop, promote and sustain a safety culture and to set goals, lead others and manage knowledge and projects to enhance safety performance. The development of these competencies is needed to enrich and complement the predominant technical background and skills of engineers and/or managers involved in the nuclear sector and particularly in decommissioning and dismantling (D&amp;amp;D) projects. The recent recognition of the importance of managing for safety led the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to develop formal safety requirements that are now implemented by its member states. This includes the need to develop training and education for beginning- and mid-career managers with nuclear safety responsibilities and, considering the time frame of D&amp;amp;D projects, for future generations of managers. Training and education challenges are acute in all Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation (INSC) and European countries, where managers need to develop knowledge and comprehensive safety-related competencies to run the D&amp;amp;D projects of nuclear facilities in a context where the generational change of managers in the nuclear field is happening fast. In 2016/2017 the IAEA and the European Commission (EC) developed a cooperative framework to jointly address a similar challenge related to operation and regulatory oversight of nuclear installations. The development of these projects was possible by funding from the European Union (EU) through its INSC instrument. The first project, led by the IAEA in 2017, was the development of a pilot school for safety leadership at the University Côte d'Azur (UCA), France. Encouraged by this success, the agency has since then developed the syllabus into a 2-week programme, still based on experiential learning, which is offered to IAEA member states who wish to organise sessions for their managers (regulatory bodies or industry). The second project, named ELSE, was operated by UCA and aimed to develop training to help managers acquire leadership for safety capabilities, which are key professional requirements in complex, high-risk and highly regulated sectors such as the nuclear sector. The originality of the ELSE project stemmed from its science-based approach, integrating the most recent findings of management and other social sciences. The dedicated ELSE training programme is composed of a massive online open course (MOOC), a 10 d of face-to-face training and an individually tutored project. Based on the success of these experiences, the EU decided to prolong these actions in the field of nuclear D&amp;amp;D, leading to the start-up, in 2023, of the Decommissioning Management and Leadership for Safety Education (DMaLSE) project. This project has also been entrusted to UCA, in partnership with SKEMA Business School, the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and Jacques Repussard Conseil. DMaLSE has two main objectives, namely to develop a science-based training programme for future D&amp;amp;D project managers and to extend the impact of the project through bachelor-degree-level on-site training for operators involved in D&amp;amp;D projects.

Kinh nghiệm quốc tế trong xây dựng chương trình đào tạo cử nhân kế toán và khuyến nghị cho Học viện Ngân hàng

Using content analysis method, the paper analyses relevant guidance in accounting education provided by professional accounting associations (mainly by IFAC), standards and criteria for accounting programs of different accreditation organizations, public information on accounting undergraduate programs of some prestigious universities. The analysis determines common trends in accounting education, including: implementing learning outcomes approach, role of professional accounting organizations, experiential learnings, IFRS. The paper recommends that Banking Academy of Vietnam (as well as other universities) should consider carefully to select relevant and appropriate guidance in designing accounting program, learning outcomes and curriculum in line with outcomes based education, push up cooperation with professional associations, be balanced between professional requirements and research orientation in curriculum, integrate industrial training and experiential learning throughout the program, and be updated with international standards and practices in accounting field.

On the Administrative and Legal Status of Controlled Persons in Respect of Whom State Construction Supervision Is Carried Out

The Strategy for the Development of the Construction industry and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 with a forecast up to 2035 defines tasks for improving control (supervisory) activities in construction. These are reducing the administrative burden on developers; improving the quality and establishing the responsibility of construction control; establishing state construction supervision bodies; digitalization of state construction supervision and construction control. This is due to the fact that currently, in the vast majority of cases, there is a low quality of construction control, due to the lack of clear requirements for professionals conducting construction control and their blurred responsibility, as well as duplication of the subject of state construction supervision and the subject of construction control. In this context, it is relevant to study the administrative and legal statuses of controlled persons involved in the construction and reconstruction of capital construction projects, in respect of which regional state construction supervision is carried out. Due to the comparative legal analysis, this article identifies the distinctive features of the rights and duties of developers, technical customers and persons carrying out the construction. Measures of administrative responsibility of the above-mentioned controlled persons are also being considered. Special attention is paid to the regulatory and legal regulation of construction control in the construction process and self-regulation in the field of construction and reconstruction of capital construction facilities. As a result of the conducted research, practice-oriented recommendations for improving legal regulation in this industry have been developed.

TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS WITH HIGHER EDUCATION FOR PROFESSIONAL AND COMMUNICATIVE INTERACTION

The research outlines important aspects of the preparation of highly qualified specialists aimed at increasing the efficiency of their professional activity by improving their communication skills, which are used to transfer significant amounts of information of crucial importance for professional decision-making.&#x0D; The article studies the formation of personal competences of future specialists with higher education with the priority of communicative competence as the basic means of prospective students’ training. The authors focus the attention on development of key competences that are formed in the process of learning humanitarian subjects as well as on determining the aspects of the competence approach in education. Thus, the main features of key competences of prospective specialists are distinguished and analyzed.&#x0D; The article studies the concept and the essence of the competence approach and its practical implementation into the system of higher education. The authors have identified that the formation of the communicative competence is a reliable tool of creative-motivational thinking formation in the higher education seekers.&#x0D; It is concluded that according to the results of the research conducted, professional self-realization is an important component of the system of personal self-development of the modern specialists, as well as the formation of professional competences. Communicative competence is identified as the activity aimed at improving future specialists’ personalities in accordance with professional requirements. In particular, the professional culture of a student-foreigner is determined as a set of practical and spiritual attributes that determine the quality of their professional activity, which are closely related to their intellectual, general pedagogical and psychological, methodological, and informational, theoretical, practical and cultural activities as well.

Talent trouble at a start-up: the case of TechShlok

Learning outcomes This case study aims to understand the criticalities of hiring in a knowledge-based start-up; the various ways of retaining talent in a knowledge-based start-up; the competency requirements of human resource professionals in start-up organizations; the trade-off between business profitability and the R&amp;D drive of the company; and the various organizational structures available for a knowledge-based start-up. Case overview/synopsis Ayush Jain, a first-generation entrepreneur, is facing a challenge with his start-up, TechShlok. TechShlok is an IT solution provider with its headquarters in Jaipur, India. The company is doing very well and is able to achieve many accolades. As the company grows in business and employee strength, it is facing talent acquisition and retention challenges. Ayush is in a fix to solve the talent issue and retain the key talent of the organization. Complexity academic level The case can be taught in a Human Resource Management course, including “talent management” and “human resource planning”. The case may be taught at upper undergraduate levels. It can also be taught in courses of entrepreneurship and knowledge-based start-ups. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

The professionalization of English medium instruction lecturer: content and certification

As there is no unified standard for EMI teacher professional certification, this paper surveys the professional competence requirements and professional certification of English medium instruction (EMI) lecturers worldwide in order to inform decisions by researchers and administrators tasked with the design and delivery of the certification activity. The study uses a semi-systematic review method to tease 46 articles which include information about EMI lecturer ability, professional development, and certification. The paper analyzed the content of them about competence components and delivery methods. The analysis reveals five main dimensions: language competence, communicate competence, pedagogical competence, multicultural competence and EMI awareness. The certification in current can be divided into two categories depending on whether they include a training program. Certification that consists only of tests usually focuses more on the teacher’s English proficiency in teaching. Another certification usually has the essential English requirement for the participants and pays more attention to the pedagogical methodology. The paper concludes with recommendations for the development of the EMI lecturer competence framework and certification program.

Governing therapeutic pluralism: An environmental scan of the statutory regulation and government reimbursement of traditional and complementary medicine practitioners in the United States.

The World Health Organization has called on nation-states to statutorily govern, and integrate into state-funded healthcare systems, practitioners of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) (whose therapeutic approaches that fall outside the boundaries of conventional biomedicine). To date, however, there exist few rigorous reports of the degree to which individual nations have responded to this call. This study, an environmental scan, comprehensively documents the statutory governance and government reimbursement of T&CM practitioners in the United States (US). Across the US, where health practitioner governance falls within state and territorial (rather than federal) jurisdiction, over 300 laws have been enacted to statutorily regulate a wide range of T&CM practitioners. Nurse-midwives and chiropractors are universally licensed across all 56 US regulatory jurisdictions (50 states, 5 territories and the District of Columbia); other major T&CM practitioner groups are regulated in fewer jurisdictions (acupuncturists, n = 52; massage therapists, n = 50; direct-entry [non-nurse] midwives, n = 36; naturopaths, n = 24). Additional statutory stipulations exist to govern chiropractic assistants (n = 30), auricular (ear) acupuncture practitioners (n = 24), homeopathic practitioners (n = 3), and psychedelic facilitators (n = 1), as well as biomedical professionals who practice acupuncture and related techniques, e.g., 'dry needling' (n = 44). While professional entry requirements for licensed T&CM practitioners are substantially harmonized across jurisdictions, restricted titles and statutory scopes of practice vary. Ten states have furthermore implemented 'safe harbor' ('negative licensing') exemption laws enabling otherwise-unregulated T&CM practitioners to legally practice. Limited government reimbursement for T&CM care is available across several federal and state programs, including Medicare, Tricare, Veterans Health Authority, and Medicaid. Nurse-midwifery and chiropractic care is most frequently reimbursed; acupuncturists, naturopaths and massage therapists are eligible for much more limited coverage. Medicaid programs for low-income people in ten states furthermore cover the services of (unlicensed but statutorily-recognized) birth doulas. Additional research is needed to assess the impact of these regulations on US health care.

Holistic and ecologically valid aural training within culturally diverse music education contexts

This is a transcript of a trial lecture held at the Norwegian Academy of Music on December 14th, 2022, as part of Ville Langfeldt’s public PhD defense. The subject given by the committee was: “Holistic and ecologically valid aural training within culturally diverse music education contexts”. The lecture examined the concepts of holism and ecological validity in aural training in light of research, different teaching traditions, recent pedagogical developments, and the professional requirements of contemporary musicianship. Implications for aural training teaching methods were discussed.

Automatic Relay Protection Calibration Device and System Design for New Intelligent Power Grid

Maintaining the protection device and eliminating the abnormal and fault defects of the device are important tasks for the maintenance of the power system. In general, relay protection equipment managers need to regularly check the relay protection device. According to the usual practice, relay protection professionals use the relay protection tester to manually connect. The traditional relay protection verification method has complicated operation, high professional requirements for testers. In this paper, a set of intelligent relay protection verification device with high degree of automation and harmonious human-computer interaction is developed to realize the communication between the host computer and the protection device and the tester. The host computer software and database were developed. The thermal overload protection in the SPAM150C motor protection device of ABB company is verified, and the reliability of the device is verified. The device can improve the efficiency of relay protection equipment inspection, reduce the technical threshold of operators, and reduce the probability of human error. It realizes the process and standardized control of the operation process of relay protection verification which has strong practical application value.

The Impact of Cloud Computing in the field of Finance: A Comprehensive Analysis

Abstract: The advent of cloud computing has revolutionized the landscape of various industries, and the finance sector is no exception. This research paper explores the impact of cloud computing in finance, focusing on its potential benefits, challenges, and implications for financial institutions. The paper begins by providing an overview of cloud computing, highlighting its fundamental characteristics such as on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. It then delves into the specific applications of cloud computing in the finance industry, including infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), platform-as-a-service (PaaS), and software-as-a-service (SaaS). The benefits of adopting cloud computing in finance are examined, such as cost reduction, scalability, flexibility, enhanced collaboration, and improved accessibility. Moreover, the research paper investigates the challenges associated with cloud adoption in the finance sector. Security and privacy concerns, regulatory compliance, data sovereignty, vendor lock-in, and integration complexities are among the key issues discussed. The paper explores strategies and best practices for mitigating these challenges, including encryption, authentication protocols, compliance frameworks, and hybrid cloud models. Furthermore, the implications of cloud computing in finance are analyzed, focusing on its impact on financial operations, risk management, data analytics, customer experience, and innovation. The research paper also explores the evolving role of financial institutions and the changing skill requirements for professionals in a cloud-enabled environment. Finally, the paper concludes by summarizing the findings and emphasizing the transformative potential of cloud computing in the finance industry. It highlights the need for financial institutions to carefully evaluate the risks and benefits of cloud adoption, develop robust security measures, and adapt their business models to fully leverage the advantages offered by cloud computing.

Academic passion, perceived stress and sleep quality evaluated among medical students of private medical colleges in North Kerala

Background: Passionate doctors are required for a better health care system. Increased professional and academic requirements increase risk of developing stress and sleep disruption. This study aims to determine the academic passion, stress and sleep quality among medical students and explore the associations among them, which helps to create awareness to improve the mental and physical health of future doctors. Methods: This cross-sectional study among 649 MBBS students was done at 3 private medical colleges in North Kerala during 2019-2020 using a semi-structured 31-item questionnaire containing 4 sections: socio-demographic information, academic passion, perceived stress, and sleep quality. Data collected in 30 minutes from study participants in campus setting was entered in MS excel and analyzed using SPSS-20. Result: A 61.6% were women and 38.4% were men. 48% had chosen the profession because of parental pressure, relatives and friends. 51% were passionate about the medical profession. 69% of students were under high perceived stress (mean PSI score 33.54±8.71 SD). 48% of students were poor sleepers (mean PSQI score 6.11±3.45). A 15.6% of participants relied on medication for sleep at least once a month. Passion showed a significant association with stress (p&lt;0.001) and sleep (p&lt;0.001). Passionate students had less perceived stress and lower sleep quality. Conclusions: Apart from one's own desire, other factors influenced students to choose MBBS. Only half of the participants were passionate. There is a high prevalence of stress and poor sleep quality among medical students. Passion has an imperative role in one’s life quality.

Monitoring of Damages to Cultural Heritage across Europe Using Remote Sensing and Earth Observation: Assessment of Scientific and Grey Literature

This research is part of a wider framework of index literature studies that have been conducted in the past few years. Some of these have had a focus on specific remote sensing (RS) technologies, while others have tackled specific threats to cultural heritage and landscapes. By considering both damages to heritage sites and technologies used for documentation and the monitoring of such occurrences, this paper unveils the current trends on a global scale in the study of the threats to heritage caused by both human-induced and natural hazards. Papers published by Europe-based researchers over the last 20 years using RS and Earth Observation (EO) techniques were surveyed alongside recommendations and programmatic documents issued by institutions in charge of heritage protection and management of several countries in Europe. Around 300 documents, including scientific articles (published from 2000 until 2022) and Grey literature (from 2008 and 2022), were analysed. The data collection and analysis were undertaken by a working group that was intentionally composed to bring together diverse perspectives and expertise, i.e., requirements of heritage professionals using RS and EO technologies, knowledge on technologies and their use in the field, and expertise in methodology implementation to support heritage management. The results highlight the type of hazards considered the most and the geographical distribution of the archaeological sites and monuments targeted by these studies; the countries the researchers are affiliated with; the types of RS and specifically satellite-based technologies used (and hence the type of data used); the tendencies of satellite data usage—visual interpretation, image processing, employment of machine learning, and AI; the technologies most applied by public institutions and practitioners; and many others. Recommendations and future trajectories are then outlined to efficiently reframe discrepancies between types of damage that have received the greatest attention in the literature and the most impactful ones in terms of the number of sites damaged.

Views of Final Phase Undergraduate Medical Students’ of Bangladesh about the Socio-Economic and Institutional Factors that Influence Their Future Career

Background: Medical education is one of the most stressful field of education because of its highly demanding professional and academic requirements. There is a significant amount of factors as predictors of medical career decision-making: perceptions of specialty characteristics gained from curricular, extracurricular and personal experiences in health care, personal career needs (e.g Expected income, career options, status, work-life balance, labor content, lifestyle and working hours) and gender. An understanding of the factors which influence doctors’ career choices and how attitudes vary among doctors who choose different specialties, is important for all those involved in the teaching and training of doctors. This study was done to explore views of final phase undergraduate medical students of Bangladesh about the Socio-Economic &amp; Institutional Factors that influence their future career selection.&#x0D; Materials and methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 784 students randomly selected from eight medical colleges of Bangladesh, in the period of January 2019 to December 2019 with a pre tested self-administered questionnaire.&#x0D; Results: Study revealed that a total of 784 students responded, out of which 318(40.6%) males and 466(59.4%) female. Among them 726(92.6%) students wanted to do postgraduation. The leading reasons for selecting future career were future workload 255(38.2%), future workplace 272(39.8%) social status 242(35.6%) and scope of job 244(36.1%). Career choice also influenced by teachers as a role model 244(34.3%)&#x0D; Conclusion: Study recommended that career counseling during and after completion of graduation in the medical college, this stimulate students to gain experiences in different specialties.&#x0D; Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.22 (1); January 2023; Page 62-65

A reflective evaluation of young water professionals' transdisciplinary learning

AbstractThe urgent requirement for transdisciplinary water professionals who can navigate the cascading complexities of water resources in a thirsty, inequitable world is widely acknowledged. To deliver a sustainable water resources sector, current water professionals need to synthesize diverse disciplinary knowledge, develop systemic thinking capabilities, and communicate succinctly with a wide range of water practitioners, policy makers, and a wide range of other stakeholders. In a first‐of‐its‐kind program, the Indian Young Water Professionals (IYWP) training program funded by the Australian Water Partnership and supported by the National Hydrology Program, the Ministry of Jal Shakti, India, aimed to develop these capabilities. Practicing young water professionals from across multiple state water resources departments benefited from this 11‐month program delivered by the Australia India Water Centre over the course of 2022. This reflective inquiry presents the learning from this innovative professional development training program. Adapting educational evaluation conceptual frameworks on boundary‐crossing integrations, the program participants, supervisors, and designers reflect on this transdisciplinary program's epistemic, social and organizational dimensions. We asked ourselves, was this training program successful in developing transdisciplinary water professionals, and what do we need to do to design future programs? Our reflections point to the strength of the inquiry‐based learning design of the program and the Situation Understanding and Improvement Project (SUIP) with the application of the [I]NSPECT model as central in shifting entrenched disciplinary paradigmatic thinking. Underlying this success was the strong organizational network engagement and commitment from multiple sectors at multiple levels across Australia and India. A key challenge was the online delivery of this training across continents, along with an ongoing obstacle for the IYWP participants of balancing demanding professional workplace priorities with academic rigor and training expectations. The face‐to‐face Water Conclave held in Delhi in November 2022 was vital in bringing the cohort together, sharing learning, celebrating achievements, and reflecting on next iterations.

Emotional, behavioural, and conceptual dimensions of teacher-parent simulations

ABSTRACT Conducting conversations with students’ parents is an important and constant part of teachers’ professional practice. Teacher education programmes are responsible for preparing the foundations for teacher-parent cooperation; however, throughout the training, there are few opportunities for preservice teachers (PSTs) to practice interacting with parents and it is evident that at the beginning of their career, teachers are insufficiently prepared to manage this aspect of the professional requirements. The current study examined the issue of preparing PSTs to handle parent-teacher relationships, using simulations that involve the participation of a professional actor. Applying a qualitative approach and a case-study methodology, data were collected from 52 PSTs using three tools: written reflections, interviews, and focus groups, in order to learn about PSTs’ perceptions about the simulation experience and its effectiveness in preparing them to handle parent-teacher conversations. Analysis of the findings revealed that the PSTs mentioned three principles that guided their understanding of how to cope with this task, namely, the emotional, behavioural, and conceptual dimensions that came into play through the simulation. This study contributes to our theoretical understanding of the issue by expanding the concept of ‘parental awareness in education’ and by focusing on empathic abilities.

POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION OF KINDERGARTEN EDUCATORS IN THE SYSTEM OF CONTINUOUS EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND

The article examines the problem of postgraduate education of kindergarten educators in the system of continuous education of the Republic of Poland. The article emphasizes the significance of lifelong learning and continuous education in the modern world, particularly in acquiring precise and specialized knowledge and skills necessary for professional, scientific, and technical activities. Based on scientific evidence, the article asserts that the system of advanced training for kindergarten educators through postgraduate education serves as a vital resource for continuous education and contributes to the country’s effective political, socio-economic, and cultural development.&#x0D; In the context of studying the problem of postgraduate pedagogical education of kindergarten educators in the system of continuous education of the Republic of Poland, the Polish model of professional training of future kindergarten educators has been considered. The legal requirements set out in a number of provisions of the current legislation of the Republic of Poland regarding the professional qualifications of kindergarten educators have been studied. The continuous education of kindergarten educators in the Republic of Poland aims to develop professional competences that encompass knowledge of traditional and innovative forms, methods, and technologies used in preschool education institutions, along with the ability to apply them in their professional practice.&#x0D; Therefore, during the research, the competences and professional requirements of a modern kindergarten educator in the Republic of Poland, which were determined by Polish researchers, have been highlighted. The study concludes that modern kindergarten educators in the Republic of Poland should continuously strive for self-improvement. Continuous education for kindergarten educators is facilitated through the postgraduate education system, as well as through non-formal and informal education opportunities such as participating in projects, internships, courses, trainings, seminars or webinars, exchanging pedagogical experiences, and attending open classes, both in face-to-face and distance formats.

PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR EDUCATIONAL MANAGERS: ANALISING THE EXPERIENCE OF COUNTRIES WITH DIFFERENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH THE VIEW OF ITS POSSIBLE USE IN UKRAINE

Professional standards for educational managers establish the compliance of a person with the professional requirements; therefore, it is important to study them in order to develop the content of university training programs for school principals. The aim of the present research is to examine the experience of standardization of educational managers’ professional activity in the countries of different socio-economic development and various degrees of participation in the global educational integration processes, as well as to highlight the possible use of best practices to develop and implement the most effective university training programs for educational managers. We conducted the study during 2018 – 2020 according to the methodology of the aspect analysis, having distinguished two aspects: functional and behavioural. We analysed the professional standards within the framework of regional clusters taking as a basis the mutual convergence and interaction of their educational systems, namely regions that are the generators of integration processes; regions that respond positively to integration processes but do not initiate them; regions that are inert to the integration of educational processes. Furthermore, we chose a few countries from each cluster, which adopted the standards at the state level or at the level of individual administrative units within a particular country. The results of the analysis made it possible to identify general and special trends, peculiar to certain groups of countries. The results obtained within the framework of the study made it possible for us to develop the construct of the standard that takes into account the particular features of socio-economic development of Ukraine.