Professional Representations Research Articles

Health professional's representations of parents with illnesses or disabilities.

The purpose of this study is to analyze professionals' representations of parents with mental and/or physical health conditions. We interviewed 51 health professionals and social workers. Using an inductive approach and NVivo software, we proceeded to a qualitative analysis. To comprehensively examine the content of professionals' responses, each coding unit was assessed according to its theme (representation of the family, representation of the condition, actions on representations) and valence (negative, cautious, positive or neutral tone). Three major themes emerged from the interviews: 1-Family representations: The child is vulnerable and negatively impacted by parents with mental and/or physical health conditions. This impact is embodied mostly by the mother, the father being seen as a subsidiary parental function or a potential intermediary. The extended family is invested as a protective factor. 2-Condition representations: Physical impairment is more positively viewed than mental health conditions, psychosis being particularly negative; physical impairments are seen as more compatible with qualitative parenthood. 3-Actions on representations: Becoming aware of their representations and reflecting on them allow professionals to think of the unique character of each situation and to put their representations into perspective; time and exposure to parents with health conditions leads them to revise their most negative representations. While the results are broadly in line with the literature, this study investigates in detail the previously unexplored point of view of professionals. Revealing their representations may contribute to improving practices and care provided to families with mental and/or physical health conditions.

The Portrayal of the Nursing Profession in World-Famous Paintings.

This study compiled 39 representative world-famous paintings, which depict the images of nurses in different historical periods. According to the sorting results, the paintings were created between 1662 and 1962. The evolution of nursing is delved into by examining depictions of nurses in historical artworks. Through this exploration, we gain insight into the development and professional ethos of nursing across different historical periods. The focus is on delineating various professional representations of nurses in these celebrated paintings and assessing their professionalism. The essence of the nursing profession is encapsulated as fraternity, sacrifice, dedication, and inheritance. This narrative interprets the significance of nursing portrayed in world-renowned paintings.

Professional identity and representations of advanced practice nurses specialising in psychiatry and mental health: A national study.

Advanced practice nurses constitute a new professional group within the French health care system. Advanced practice nurses specialise in one of five disciplines including Psychiatry/Mental-Health. This specific discipline is strongly marked by stigmatising representations by healthcare users and other health professionals (including other advanced practice nurses), whose consequences have a deleterious effect. The aim was to highlight all advanced practice nurses representation of Psychiatry/Mental-Health advanced practice nurses. An observational descriptive survey, based on an anonymous online questionnaire was conducted in April 2022 among qualified and student advanced practice nurses from the five specialist disciplines. Overall, 356 advanced practice nurses completed the survey questionnaire. No significant difference in stigmatising representations of Psychiatry/Mental-Health advanced practice nurses versus other advanced practice nurses was observed. Only 3.3% of other advanced practice nurses thought that Psychiatry/Mental-Health advanced practice nurses are often 'strange'. Psychiatry/Mental-Health advanced practice nurses and other advanced practice nurses appeared to have similar representations of the professional roles of advanced practice nurses in general and of advanced practice nurses APN specifically. Unlike other professionals in the psychiatric field (e.g. medical interns, nurses), very little stigmatisation of Psychiatry/Mental-Health advanced practice nurses by their colleagues (i.e. other advanced practice nurses) was observed. This could be partly due to the fact that advanced practice nurses professional identity appeared to be built collectively around the concept of advanced practice. Advanced practice nurses constitute a professional group that is fully involved in contemporary transformations in care and organisational innovation. The very low level of stigmatisation of Psychiatry/Mental-Health advanced practice nurses by other advanced practice nurses in our study suggests that these new healthcare actors could play a crucial role in the improvement of professional health practices, particularly in terms of improved coordination between psychiatric-care and physical-care.

Коммеморативные пространства сибирских научных городов и историческая память (об) ученых

The historical memory of science and scientists is largely overlooked by proponents of this research approach. A review of the archive of issues of the leading disciplinary journal "Memory Studies" reveals that the texts devoted to the memory of scientists were absent for over 15 years of active work by colleagues. The colleagues are primarily interested in historical narratives of states and social movements. The author is convinced that the memory of science has not only its own significance, but also methodological implications. Scientists and engineers are accustomed to operating within a context of written knowledge, and the protocols of their daily work are already structured around the idea of preserving and generalizing the legacy of their predecessors. In other words, scientists and engineers, following intuitive positivist protocols, are themselves creating different kinds of historical knowledge. This text is based on the results of more than three years of work of the author with archives, museums and visual spaces of post-Soviet scientific cities. The thesis is that the historical memory of scientists and about scientists in our country gravitates towards two modes of commemoration: professional and departmental. In the first case, we are talking about such a representation of the profession, which is closely connected with the existence of scientific schools. The most illustrative example of this phenomenon is the cult of academician Vladimir Vernadsky, through whose biography a model example of a scientist's career is constructed. Professional representations of science are not necessarily linked to a particular organization, but rather focus on the description of relationships between teachers and students. In contrast, departmental representations of science are most often associated with specific territorial scientific and technological communities, which construct their history through the biographies of prominent founders and their relations with the state and "big" society. The most typical examples of such representations can be found in the academy towns of Siberia and the North (to a lesser extent, the science cities of the Moscow region).

Professional Representations of Collaboration in the Response to Intimate Partner Violence.

Due to the complexity of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the many actors involved in its social and legal responses, there is a broad consensus that collaboration is essential if IPV is to be overcome. Few studies, however, have provided details as to how these collaborations occur. Rather, research on collaboration in IPV has typically focused on a series of factors facilitating and hindering it. However, these factors are rarely articulated in a systemic, comprehensive, and integrated way. To gain a better understanding of the socio-judicial response to IPV, we conducted a case study in an administrative region in the Province of Quebec, Canada. We conducted individual interviews with 37 key informants who work with people experiencing IPV. The data were subjected to deductive thematic coding as well as to intra- and inter-role matrices that cross-referenced the themes. According to our findings, interagency referrals and information sharing were the most common collaborative practices reported by participants which leading us to characterize the region studied in this article as poorly integrated. Factors facilitating and hindering collaboration are discussed in relation to previous studies. Recommendations for cross-sectoral training, organizational policy development, and opportunities to leverage the expertise of specialized actors in IPV response systems are made.

Careers of Algerian Women Managers: The Psychological Drivers of Discrimination in Professional Careers

Today, the texts governing the Algerian economy claim equality between men and women in the labour market: no training, no profession, and no position of responsibility is legally closed to women. Algerian law prohibits all discrimination in hiring and career development. The imbalance has even been reversed in one essential respect: women are entering the university field more than men and are more successful. However, they account for only 19% (ONS, 2020) of the working population and are still only marginally present in positions of responsibility in the public and private sectors. However, this progressive and constant access of women to so-called ‘male’ bastions has led to the emergence of a professional category, namely female managers. The reason that led us to choose this research object is the desire to understand and apprehend the professional pathway of this category of women (executives), to attempt, through professional and family representations and perceptions, to understand the identity construction of women occupying executive positions. In this perspective, empirical research built on a qualitative approach, based on semi-directive interviews with 20 women executives working in a public paramilitary institution, appeared relevant. This research aimed to understand the career path through the professional experiences of women managers insofar as it highlighted professional trajectories interacting with family life and different professional rhythms in terms of career. More generally, how women managers in this institution articulate their private and professional life and place them in an organisational context. In this sense, studying the practices and social representations of women managers means understanding the codes, values, and ideologies that women’s work occupies in Algerian society as a whole and this paramilitary institution.

Professional identity in physical education: a review of literature

Teachers’ professional identity shapes teachers’ educational views, impacting their behaviour, action and decision making. This study was designed with the goal of locating, compiling and analysing articles regarding professional identity in the physical education context and identifying elements that contribute to professional identity construction. We selected professional identity and physical education as search items in Web of Science, ERIC, SPORTDiscuss and Scopus. To investigate the previous decade of research, we limited the study to articles published between 2010 and 2020. This work combines recent publications written in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The database search yielded 27 relevant articles. The themes present in the articles can be divided into two groups: those linked to key actors and influences on physical education teachers’ professional identity, and those related to physical education preservice teachers. The following themes were discovered to influence teachers’ professional identity formation: relationships (established within their acting context), identity negotiation, identity transformation, lifelong learning, peer perception and the class context. The following themes impact preservice teachers’ professional identity formation: teaching practicum experience, prior experiences, a community of practice and the teachers’ body. Professional identity formation is an intricate process characterised by a diverse mix of personal, professional, environmental and social representations that interact in real time.

The Italian School Psychologists' Role: A Qualitative Study about Professional Practices and Representations.

School psychologists’ relevance has been broadly affirmed. However, there is no shared definition of their professional role, and more efforts are needed to promote an organisational and whole-school approach. The present study aims to investigate practices and representations of Italian school psychologists, advance knowledge of the status and development of school psychology, and learn more about the approaches currently adopted in schools. A qualitative method was used and 11 focus groups with a total of 86 participants were carried out. Ad hoc instruments were defined. The results highlighted that school psychologists are more focused on building one-on-one relationships, whereas relationships with the organisation as a whole appear to be more difficult. However, participants reported a wide range of activities, targeted to both the individual and the organisation. Moreover, efforts to strengthen the relationships with school principals and the entire school community were described. Specific needs emerged and the necessity to better define the school psychologists’ role was reported by the participants. More efforts are needed to promote an organisational approach among Italian school psychologists and specific training should be offered.

Profils et représentations professionnelles des agents en centre de santé au Burundi : des groupes socio-professionnels aux savoirs cloisonnés

The professional identities, profiles and representations of Burundian health workers remain insufficiently explored. Our twofold objective is to identify the different socio-professional profiles of first-line caregivers and to explore their respective representations of health workers and work.The first study describes the overall population of the 1047 staff members employed in 2014-2015 in 62 health centers. The second is a cross-sectional survey conducted in April 2014. Using IRAMUTEQ© software, we conducted textology analysis of the structure and contents of 911 respondents' representations via 3 free associations with regard to 6 questions on the "good worker" and the "what renders one capable of doing good work".At the normative level, among all categories of staff, a relational role is a foundation of professional identity, while technical or administrative functions remain marginal. At the positional level, responses differed according to initial qualification level but not as a function of their role with patients or their professional experience. Three socio-professional categories emerged. The most qualified category (one-quarter of the population) consists primarily of male caregivers, with a high turnover rate (4 years) associated with prospects for further training and career development. These persons present the most professionalized representations of the worker and work. The second quarter has an average level of qualification and turnover (10 years), and is mainly composed of female caregivers with limited professional perspectives. This group's representations are less technical and more patient-centered. Finally, the remaining half consists of relatively low-skilled staff members in charge of technical and logistical support, who are likely to spend their entire career in the same center (>20 years). Largely disregarded by the health care system and its funders, they have few opportunities for training or advancement and despite their long experience, maintain profane representations of workers and work.Our results shed light on the predicament of unskilled staff members whose expectations are rarely taken into consideration, even though they represent a significant proportion of the workforce, perform tasks essential to quality of care, and serve as bearers of the memory of their hospital center. These results also highlight the compartmentalization of practices and knowledge between categories of workers and underscore the failure of continuous training strategies targeting the unskilled.

2020 American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Consensus Conference on Professionalism and Ethics: A Consensus Conference Report

2020 American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Consensus Conference on Professionalism and Ethics: A Consensus Conference Report

Clinical psychology for specialists in physical therapy, occupational therapy: curriculum

The discipline "Clinical Psychology" aims to acquaint students of medical universities in the specialty 227 - physical therapy, occupational therapy with the clinical and psychological paradigm of understanding the nature of the human psyche in the norm, at the neurotic, borderline and psychotic levels; to reveal the range of diagnostic and treatment approaches taking into account the peculiarities of the structure of mental organization of an individual patient, the peculiarities of his physical functioning, quality of life and attitude to the disease in order to select optimal areas of clinical interviews, psychological diagnostics, psychotherapy, medical and socio-psychological rehabilitation. The discipline also aims to create a holistic system of scientific knowledge about clinical psychology as a science and practice, the formation of skills and abilities to select the use of clinical techniques for psychoprophylaxis, counselling practice considering the specifics of working with different categories of patients, including different models of physical therapy and occupational therapy.
 The subject of the discipline is the study of a system of generalizations about the psychological characteristics of the personality of patients with somatic and mental illnesses, with problems of functioning, limitations of life and health; and concerning medical interaction, formation of professional representations concerning problems of mental norm and pathology, functioning and vital activity.

Você não responde ao perfil: representações sociais sobre o mercado de trabalho para transexuais

Este artigo propôs levantar as representações sociais de transexuais no mercado de trabalho, percebendo este também como constituinte da identidade do indivíduo. Os participantes foram dois homens e três mulheres transexuais, com idade entre 18 e 47 anos, moradores da região AMREC - Associação dos Municípios da Região Carbonífera de Santa Catarina. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica Projeção de Futuro, que permitiu os relatos e dramatizações das cenas das representações profissionais. O conteúdo foi analisado no software IRAMUTEQ, em classes de segmentos de textos e as principais classes foram “Experiências de trabalho no futuro e no passado” e a “Percepção Social”, cada uma com 25% de segmentos de texto. Com o acesso às representações sociais de transexuais, foi possível perceber a influência que o preconceito social tem na formação da carreira da população que serviu de amostra para essa pesquisa.

The relevance of biographic narratives for social workers’ professional memory, reflexivity and identity

The present article is about the use of biographic methods and oral history, and its contribution to developing processes of critical reflection and reflexivity. It is based on a set of oral data collected from Portuguese social workers who played an active role in the revolutionary phase during the transition from dictatorship to democracy in Portugal (following the 25th April 1974 military coup). The article explores how the use of biographic methods (integrated within a historical methodological framework), other than simply producing accounts of past experiences, allowed interviewees to re-capture, re-interpret and re-signify their own experiences in the light of changing professional paradigms and socio-political arrangements. It will demonstrate how resorting to oral history methods can contribute to produce critical self-reflective accounts, allowing intra-professional tensions, self-expectations, beliefs and disenchantment, as well as professional identification and deidentification to surface. Three examples will be presented that reveal how favouring an approach based on oral history, biographic methods and narrative analysis allows perceiving individual dispositions, its construction and the influence they have on the subjects’ relation with the canons of professional practice, while showing the ambiguities around professional representations and identification.

The history of Katerynoslav in historiography of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries

The aim of the article was to present the genesis and dynamics of the study of the history of Yekaterinoslav in the writings of local historians of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Using the methods of historiographic analysis and synthesis made it possible to identify the state of development of the issue in the historical literature and realize the goal. The main result was the creation of a periodization of regional historiographical exploration of the problem. It is proposed to divide this process into three stages. The criteria for their selection were organizational, personnel, style and problem-thematic parameters. Based on the texts of Archbishop Gabriel (Rozanov), Bishop Feodosii (Makarevskyi), The Chronicle of the Yekaterinoslav Scientific Archival Commission, D. I. Yavornitskyi the process of formation and change of research problems of urbanization processes in the region, types and information potential of their sources are analyzed Noah base. The value of the scientific development of the historiographic tradition for the formation of modern conceptual approaches to the study of the history of urbanization processes in southern Ukraine as a whole is determined. Scientific novelty is also determined by the fact that historiographic and sociological positions criticized such a historiographic phenomenon as the Cossack urbanism. The creators and supporters of the concept of the Cossack urban development have been trying to imagine the Cossacks as the creator of the urban environment since the 16th century, they ignore or significantly level the importance and role of imperial power in the generation of modern urban space. It is noted that it is the historians of the ХIX and early ХХ centuries. laid the foundation for the study of the history of Cossack settlements, the formation of a source base for such studies. They established a genetic link between Cossack settlements and the formation of Yekaterinoslav, they have documented the decisive role of imperial power in establishing a properly organized, modern city on the site of the traditional Cossack and peasant settlements. The conclusions emphasized that in the late ХIX and early ХХ centuries an ideal consensus was formed regarding the main parameters of the regional historical memory between its key actors (power, public opinion, professional historical environment and everyday historical representations of ordinary people). It was based on the results obtained by historians, popularized at the power, amateur and journalistic levels, rooted in public memorial practices of knowledge or perception of the foundation of Yekaterinoslav in 1787 as a result of the Cossack settlement of the region and imperial initiatives and organizational efforts to create a network of urban settlements. The type of article: analytical.

Impact of professional women athletes' media representations on collegiate women athletes

There is a lack of representation of women athletes from professional to collegiate sports in U.S. media. For example, Fink (2015) studied the inequities between male and women athletes to understand the harmful nature of the implication of these inequities. Other social constructs arise with the objectification of women athletes. Harrison and Fredrickson (2013) found a connection between aging of adolescent girls to women and an increase of self-objectification. They explained their results using Objectification Theory, which teaches young women to “regard themselves in an objectified gaze” from adolescence. The purpose of this study was to examine women collegiate athletes’ thoughts and feelings about the ways their elite representatives are presented within sports media. Women collegiate athletes viewed images displaying four different types of identity portrayals, and were then interviewed about their perceptions of the images. Each participant asked to answer five questions, and that data was analyzed using open coding methods.

Professionalisation and Professional Representations from a Methodological Review to Practical Issues

Research conducted in the context of studies tackling the question of the professionalisation has, for some, used the conceptual framework of social representations. It is therefore a question of referring to the intervention of a representational process or of understanding how representations of professions are constructed, or to grasp the question of social representations as indicators of the emergence or dynamics of a particular professional identity. This question, which falls within the theoretical articulation, appears to be important. However, since theories involve the use of a number of methodologies and because methodologies are never unrelated to theoretical questions, it seems necessary to offer a synthesis of the possibilities offered by the theory of social representations. This will enable studies on professionalisation to access useful and relevant methods in accordance with their objectives. This contribution will therefore address the links between professionalisation and social/professional representations and proposes to draw up a guided inventory of the methods that can be used. This need is all the more important because it impacts the way we can carry out studies in relation to the questions that can be asked in reference to the fields we deal with.

ОСОБА З ІНВАЛІДНІСТЮ У РЕФЛЕКСІЯХ СТУДЕНТІВ-ПСИХОЛОГІВ

У статті проаналізовано теоретико-прикладні аспекти формування у студентської молоді когнітивного, емотивного та конативного компонентів ставлення до осіб з інвалідністю (інвалідизованих). Став­лення в міжособистісному пізнанні відображають той аспект взаємодії, який стосується зістав­лення об’єктивного світу та його суб’єктивної інтерпретації. Зміст психологічного ставлення фор­мується під впливом соціальних настановлень, уявлень та індивідуального досвіду взаємодії з різними категоріями осіб. Засвідчено домінування соціальної моделі сприймання інвалідизованого, в якій провідна роль належить пошуку його місця в соціумі, визначення шляхів самореалізації та опти­маль­ного життєздійснення. Доведено, що в сучасних умовах спостерігається тенденція до заміни побу­тових стереотипів сприймання інвалідизованих професійними уявленнями, завдяки яким окреслюються підходи до формування в суспільстві толерантного ставлення до цієї групи осіб. Диференційовано вплив соціального та особистісного контексту толерантності студентів на ставлення до осіб з обмеженими можливостями. Конкретизовано фактори, які визначають сприймання інвалідів та ставлення оточення до них. Акцентування на осо­бистісних, вольових та соціально-психологічних проявах осіб з обмеженими мож­ливостями постало детермінантами формування системи ставлень до них. Водночас визнано наявність індивідуальних варіантів психічної активності осіб з інвалідністю, а відповідно й ієрархії їхніх провідних рис. Обґрун­товано потребу удосконалення психолого-педагогічного супроводу особис­тісного розвитку студентів в умовах закладу вищої освіти, де підтримується прагнення усіх суб’єктів освітнього процесу до продуктивного самоздійснення

Особливості формування уявлень про професії у дітей старшого дошкільного віку

In the article the features of formation the conception about professions in children’s mind of the preschool age, the analysis on this problem is explored. In preschool education, labor education is implemented in the following areas: familiarization of the children with the work of adults, the formation of interest and respect for it; organization of direct labor activities for the children. The main task for labor education of preschool children is to form a persistent belief that labor is a vital necessity for a person, and the result of it is value. An important condition for the formation of elementary professional representations for children is the creation of an appropriate subject-playing environment. The effectiveness of the work with children depends on the emotional saturation, the personal significance of the materials which are used for preschoolers, the connection of received information from the real life, the variety of forms are used of adult sand the methods of learning, and the criteria: accessibility, purposefulness and systematic work. Indicators of the formationof children's ideas about the world of adult professions are: knowledge of the world of professions, orientation in the attributes, means and subjects of labor representatives ofdifferent professions; understanding of qualifications of specialists of different professional environment; acquisition of such personal qualities as: respect for the rights of adults and the results of their work, the desire to engage in adult work, discipline, responsibility for the result of their own work

Relations science - technologie dans les manuels scolaires de génie mécanique en Grèce

In this research work are approached the relations between science and technology as they emerge from the textbooks of mechanical engineering of the Vocational High School in Greece. The analysis was carried out in the light of theoretical approaches such as didactic transposition, social and professional representations, as well as didactic teaching approach based on socio-scientific questions. The main results show that the linear model, according to which technology is only an applied science as well as the socio-economic model that governs the science - technology - society relationship are the most prevalent in the textbooks analyzed. On the contrary, the occurrences of the interactive model are weak.

Les représentations professionnelles des étudiant·e·s en soins infirmiers : des représentations genrées

Les études en soins infirmiers attirent très majoritairement des femmes. L’objectif de la présente recherche est de modéliser les représentations professionnelles que développent les étudiant·e·s en soins infirmiers de leur futur métier, et d’étudier l’impact du genre sur la construction de ces représentations. Une méthode d’évocation par induction hiérarchisée, complétée par un questionnaire de caractérisation, permet de révéler des différences entre les participant·e·s femmes et hommes. Ces différences portent sur la structure des représentations, plus large concernant les hommes. De même, les contenus, comportent des contenus sexo-stéréotypés : les qualités chez les femmes et les finalités des soins infirmiers pour les hommes.