Professional Performance Research Articles

Exploring the predictive role of job satisfaction on bilingual English teachers’ aggression and stress in the Chinese EFL context: a latent growth curve modelling

ABSTRACT The detrimental effects of negative emotional states on teachers’ professional performance have triggered numerous researchers to study these variables and their potential interactions within second and foreign language classes. Nonetheless, most scholars have examined negative emotional states and their possible associations through monolithic and linear research approaches. To gain a deeper insight into teachers’ emotional states and their dynamic nature, the present longitudinal study used the latent growth curve modelling (LGCM) to evaluate bilingual English teachers’ stress and aggression and their moment-to-moment changes across time. Using this innovative approach, this study also assessed the interaction of bilingual English teachers’ stress and aggression and the role of job satisfaction as a predictor of this interaction. To achieve these aims, 423 Chinese English teachers were invited to respond to three self-report measures at three different points in time. Findings reveal that the stress and aggression of participants significantly decreased over time. The results also indicate that these negative emotional states are strongly correlated during the whole course. Additionally, the outcomes show that Chinese English teachers’ job satisfaction negatively predicts their stress and aggression throughout the course. This investigation may be instructive for educational principals and bilingual language teachers.

The prevalence of sleep deprivation and its impact among medical officers in a tertiary hospital, a cross-sectional study from Malaysia.

Sleep deprivation (SD), defined as an inability to get a minimum of 7 hours of regular sleep at night is a serious health problem that impacts the performance of medical professionals. This study aims to determine the impact of sleep deprivation on perceived performance among medical officers (MOs). A cross-sectional study design involved 231 MOs from six disciplines in Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, a tertiary center in the south of Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was introduced in the English language. The questionnaire involved the sociodemographic characteristics; job-related factors, and the Sleep Deprivation Impact Scale (SDIS). The SDIS is a 12-question scale, rated on a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree. A higher SDIS score reflected a higher impact of sleep deprivation. A total of 206 MOs returned the completed questionnaire yielding a response rate of 89.17%. The mean age of respondents was 31.68 (±3.49) years. Most of the respondents were female, of Malay ethnicity, and married. More than three-quarters (78.64%) reported sleep deprivation. Being less effective in communication and formulating diagnosis (3 (1.01) vs 2.5 (1.15),p = 0.005); taking longer time to do things (3.44 (1.07) vs 2.8 (1.34),p = 0.001); and feeling unsafe while driving (3.56 (1.25) vs 2.93 (1.55),p = 0.006) manifested significantly higher mean among sleep-deprived respondents. In conclusion, sleep deprivation is a prevalent problem; that adversely affects crucial functioning domains that may endanger patients and healthcare providers alike. Radical countermeasures are required to ensure satisfactory sleep duration and address areas jeopardizing MO safety.

A perezhivanie perspective of the interconnection between language teacher autonomy and emotion: making a case for emotional autonomy

ABSTRACT Purpose Although theory and research on language teacher autonomy and emotion have substantially grown in recent years, little research has examined their intersections. Drawing on the theoretical standpoint of perezhivanie and situated within a narrative inquiry design, this study explored Iranian English language teachers’ autonomy and emotion. Design Data were collected through narrative frames and semi-structured interviews from 10 teachers who taught English at a private language school. Findings Data analysis revealed four themes as to the teachers’ autonomy and emotion: (1) emotion as a strong determinant of teachers’ autonomy in the past, (2) autonomy as a strong determinant of teachers’ emotion in the present, (3) emotion-autonomy as refracting resilience, and (4) emotion-autonomy nexus refracting identity development. Value Drawing on the findings, we conceptualize the teachers’ emotion and autonomy through the term we propose in this study as ‘emotional autonomy’, defined as how autonomy and emotion intersect to shape teachers’ past, present, and future discursive narratives, memberships, and professional performances. Based on the findings, we provide implications for teacher educators to better attend to the interconnection of autonomy and emotion in teacher professionalism.

Cell comparative learning: A cervical cytopathology whole slide image classification method using normal and abnormal cells

Automated cervical cancer screening through computer-assisted diagnosis has shown considerable potential to improve screening accessibility and reduce associated costs and errors. However, classification performance on whole slide images (WSIs) remains suboptimal due to patient-specific variations. To improve the precision of the screening, pathologists not only analyze the characteristics of suspected abnormal cells, but also compare them with normal cells. Motivated by this practice, we propose a novel cervical cell comparative learning method that leverages pathologist knowledge to learn the differences between normal and suspected abnormal cells within the same WSI. Our method employs two pre-trained YOLOX models to detect suspected abnormal and normal cells in a given WSI. A self-supervised model then extracts features for the detected cells. Subsequently, a tailored Transformer encoder fuses the cell features to obtain WSI instance embeddings. Finally, attention-based multi-instance learning is applied to achieve classification. The experimental results show an AUC of 0.9319 for our proposed method. Moreover, the method achieved professional pathologist-level performance, indicating its potential for clinical applications.

Difficulties among Teachers' Emotional Regulation: Analysis for the Development of Student Well-Being in Chilean Schools.

Emotional regulation, a process that involves detecting and evaluating physiological signals in response to stressful events, is a crucial aspect of preparing students for school and ensuring teachers' effectiveness, stress management, and job satisfaction. This research, which adopted a quantitative approach, used a non-experimental comparative and cross-sectional design with a non-probabilistic sample by convenience. The study involved the participation of n = 1321 teachers (n = 125 preschool education; n = 645 primary education; n = 417 secondary education; n = 134 higher education). The results revealed significant differences in the total scores of emotional regulation difficulty between teachers at the higher education level and primary and secondary school teachers, with the latter group showing higher levels of difficulty. The findings suggest that the impact of emotional regulation difficulties affects professional performance, highlighting the importance of interventions aimed at improving teachers' self-efficacy, resilience, and emotion regulation to reduce emotional exhaustion. From a practical point of view, our findings underline the importance of integrating emotional regulation training into pre-service teacher education and continuous teacher professional development programs. This could improve relational dynamics between students and teachers, fostering an environment conducive to teaching and learning processes.

أثر استخدام نظم تكنولوجيا المعلومات على تطوير الإدارة الأمنية بقطاع العمليات الأمنية في هيئة الزكاة والضريبة والجمارك السعودية

Information technology systems can be used to improve decisions by analyzing big data and providing results that help in making smarter and more effective decisions. This can lead to more innovative and effective solutions to problems and improve the ability to predict future challenges and opportunities. Information technology systems can help improve efficiency and productivity by providing the ability to analyze and direct data and information in more effective and faster ways. Information technology systems can be used to improve operations and improve the overall performance of institutions and individuals. Information technology systems can be used to develop customized training programs that suit the needs of individuals and institutions. It can be used to provide continuous learning and professional development by providing customized learning and training materials. With the use of information technology systems, better results can be expected in professional and professional performance. However, we must also be aware of the challenges and issues that may arise, such as ethical and security issues related to privacy and data, and the need to develop new skills to deal with new technology. It consists of integrating information technology with business intelligence to collect and analyze data from physical sensors, videos, and logs. This data becomes information that can be used to make decisions about security and business practices. The technologies and processes that support physical security information management make it the foundation of the future of security.

The Podiatric procedures in graduates the Bolivarian Higher University Institute of Technology

Introduction: The training updates knowledge, provides support in informatic, biomedical and communication technologies, develops practical skills, ethical and moral values.Objective: This study is aimed at optimizing podiatric procedures in graduates the Bolivarian Higher University Institute of Technology.Methods: This is mixed research, which is based on the dialectical-materialist conception for the application of theoretical method in obtaining and processing the required data and information.Results: The process of professional development is closely linked to the professional performance of human resources. In this sense, when health technologists are particularized in the Podiatry profile, the need for the process of overcoming them to be aimed at improving professional performance is recognized, which in this profile presents insufficiencies that transcend in the quality of their services provided. Conclusions: The graduate in podiatry must be trained to treat a large number of diseases and pathologies of the feet, considering the genesis of them and applying the appropriate treatment for each patient depending on the event and it is also important to highlight that there are diseases that can be acquired by graduates due to bad procedures, that is; occupational hazards in podiatric practice, some of which have been studied and others have not.

Sustainable Human Resource Management and Employees’ Performance: The Impact of National Culture

In an era of rapid globalization and increased environmental consciousness, organizations must align their business practices with sustainable development goals. The main objective of this study is to explore the impact of sustainable human resource management (SHRM) on employees’ performance, focusing on the mediating role of employee engagement and the moderating effect of national culture. To do so, data were collected from 1950 individuals across 26 countries. The results of a multilevel analysis show that SHRM positively affects performance, with employee engagement acting as a mediator. Furthermore, the effectiveness of SHRM practices is moderated by cultural tightness–looseness, indicating that SHRM practices are more effective in flexible and adaptive cultural environments. This study contributes to the literature by integrating institutional theory and the JD-R model, demonstrating that SHRM enhances performance through increased employee engagement and that cultural context significantly influences this relationship. The findings emphasize the need for a culturally sensitive approach to SHRM, suggesting that organizations should tailor their sustainable practices to align with the cultural norms of their operational environments. This research provides valuable theoretical insights into the mechanisms through which SHRM impacts performance and practical implications for HR professionals seeking to implement effective and sustainable HR practices globally.

Accounting Information Technology and its Role in Raising the Level of Professional Performance of Internal Auditing

This research aims to know the role of information technology in improving the performance of internal auditing, by highlighting the obstacles facing the use of information technology during internal auditing and understanding the extent of the internal auditor's awareness, Due to the importance that provides in improving audit services and explaining its role in providing accurate results and large information with high efficiency, in addition to the impact of information technology in reducing internal audit risks as a result of the large size of economic units and the diversity of their legal forms due to the great development occurring in all economic sectors. This led to the need for the internal auditor to provide services with the highest quality, one of the most important results that were reached is that information technology works to improve auditing procedures and reducing the risk by monitoring the computer performance daily with operational activities and confidentiality of information and the inability to access important information for unauthorized persons. Among the most important recommendations is the necessity for internal auditors to be Awareness of the importance of this technology when performing auditing services and reducing the risk when monitoring computer performance daily with operational activities, the confidentiality of information, and the inability to access important information except for authorized persons. The research concluded that the hypotheses are correct.

Exploring Nurses' Emotional Resilience and Coping Strategies in Palliative and End-of-Life Care Settings in Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Study.

Nurses working in palliative and end-of-life care settings face significant emotional challenges due to the demanding nature of their profession. This study aimed to explore the emotional resilience of these nurses, understanding the factors that contribute to their resilience, the impact on their professional well-being and performance, and strategies to enhance resilience. A qualitative study was conducted involving 15 registered nurses from various healthcare facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and observational data. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring themes. The study identified three key themes: Emotional Challenges and Resilience-Building, Support Systems and Resources for Resilience, and Professional Growth and Fulfillment as Resilience Factors. The findings revealed the emotional toll of patient suffering, highlighting resilience-building strategies, such as peer support, mindfulness, and reflective practices. Support systems, including workplace support, organizational resources, and mentorship, were identified as crucial for fostering resilience. Professional growth, a sense of purpose, and recognition emerged as factors contributing to resilience. This study underscores the importance of emotional resilience for nurses in palliative and end-of-life care settings. Healthcare organizations can enhance resilience by implementing resilience training, providing counseling services, fostering a supportive culture, and offering professional development opportunities. Addressing the emotional needs of nurses is vital for their well-being and the delivery of compassionate care.

Role of Emotional Intelligence in Managing Interpersonal Conflicts in Ethiopia

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the role of emotional intelligence in managing interpersonal conflicts in Ethiopia. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: In Ethiopia, emotional intelligence is pivotal in managing interpersonal conflicts by enhancing individuals' ability to understand and navigate emotions effectively. Individuals with high emotional intelligence are better at recognizing and empathizing with others' perspectives, which leads to more constructive conflict resolution. These individuals can maintain composure, employ effective communication strategies, and foster a collaborative environment. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Emotional intelligence theory, social and emotional learning (SEL) theory & conflict resolution theory may be used to anchor future studies on the role of emotional intelligence in managing interpersonal conflicts in Ethiopia. Organizations should implement targeted training programs to enhance employees' emotional intelligence skills, focusing on areas such as empathy, emotional regulation, and communication. Policymakers should promote and support the integration of emotional intelligence into workplace policies and practices. Policies should encourage the inclusion of EI development programs as part of professional development initiatives and performance management systems.

Individual and group emotional intelligence measurement of sex differences and invariance for individual (WLEIS-S) and group (WEIP-S) emotional intelligence measurement scales

Different international research groups focus on the study of socio-emotional resources and tools to facilitate adequate management of daily challenges and demands among teachers. This allows for better personal and professional performance. One of these resources that has attracted most attention in recent decades has been that of emotional intelligence. In this regard, the present study set out to analyse the psychometric properties of trait emotional intelligence as a construct. For this purpose, the study focused on two EI measurement instruments. One of the instruments (WLEIS-S) measures individual emotional intelligence and the other instrument (WEIP-S) measures group emotional intelligence. Against this background, the possible invariance of both scales with respect to the sex variable is analysed, as well as possible differences in the variables measured by the scales between sexes. To this end, 452 primary education teachers from Southern Spain filled in the WLEIS-S and WEIP-S tests. The results found in the factor analyses carried out with both instruments showed an excellent fit, as well as good internal consistency. Moreover, both instruments showed robust invariance, which indicates that both scales measure the emotional intelligence construct consistently for both women and men. No differences were found in the assessed latent variables between sexes. To conclude, this study shows psychometric evidence supporting the suitability of the WLEIS-S and WEIP-S scales for the accurate assessment of individual and group emotional intelligence in women and men in the teacher population.

Eexploring the Role of Personality Traits and Risk Factors in Cognitive Test Anxiety among Medical Students

Background: Cognitive test anxiety is a prevalent issue among medical students, adversely affecting their academic and professional performance. The interplay between personality traits, past test experiences, and external pressures contributes to varying levels of anxiety, necessitating targeted interventions. Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationships between personality traits, past test experiences, external pressures, and cognitive test anxiety among medical students to identify significant predictors of anxiety. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed, involving 352 medical students aged 22 to 26 years. Participants were selected through stratified random sampling to ensure representation across academic years and genders. Cognitive anxiety was measured using the Trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), while personality traits were assessed with the Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI). A custom-designed questionnaire evaluated past test experiences and external pressures. Data were collected online and in-person, followed by statistical analyses using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression, and moderation analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics, version 25. Results: Neuroticism (β = 0.45, p < 0.001) and conscientiousness (β = -0.15, p = 0.003) significantly predicted cognitive anxiety. Past test performance history (β = 0.30, p < 0.001) and perceived test difficulty (β = 0.40, p < 0.001) were positively associated with anxiety. Females reported higher anxiety scores (70.1 vs. 65.2, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Neuroticism and external pressures significantly contribute to cognitive test anxiety among medical students. Managing these factors may effectively reduce anxiety and improve performance.

Evaluating the impacts of digital ECG denoising on the interpretive capabilities of healthcare professionals.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is an essential skill across multiple medical disciplines; yet, studies have consistently identified deficiencies in the interpretive performance of healthcare professionals linked to a variety of educational and technological factors. Despite the established correlation between noise interference and erroneous diagnoses, research evaluating the impacts of digital denoising software on clinical ECG interpretation proficiency is lacking. Forty-eight participants from a variety of medical professions and experience levels were prospectively recruited for this study. Participants' capabilities in classifying common cardiac rhythms were evaluated using a sequential blinded and semi-blinded interpretation protocol on a challenging set of single-lead ECG signals (42 × 10 s) pre- and post-denoising with robust, cloud-based ECG processing software. Participants' ECG rhythm interpretation performance was greatest when raw and denoised signals were viewed in a combined format that enabled comparative evaluation. The combined view resulted in a 4.9% increase in mean rhythm classification accuracy (raw: 75.7% ± 14.5% vs. combined: 80.6% ± 12.5%, P = 0.0087), a 6.2% improvement in mean five-point graded confidence score (raw: 4.05 ± 0.58 vs. combined: 4.30 ± 0.48, P < 0.001), and 9.7% reduction in the mean proportion of undiagnosable data (raw: 14.2% ± 8.2% vs. combined: 4.5% ± 2.4%, P < 0.001), relative to raw signals alone. Participants also had a predominantly positive perception of denoising as it related to revealing previously unseen pathologies, improving ECG readability, and reducing time to diagnosis. Our findings have demonstrated that digital denoising software improves the efficacy of rhythm interpretation on single-lead ECGs, particularly when raw and denoised signals are provided in a combined viewing format, warranting further investigation into the impact of such technology on clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.

What Makes a Movement Human‐Like?

AbstractWith the advancement of AI‐generated human motion, it is of increasing importance to think about how we distinguish real human motion from machine‐generated movements. In this study, we recruited professional performers to use the whole body to make a short movement to inform potential observers that they are real humans (instead of machines). Their movements were captured with a motion capture system (Vicon) and later reduced to dynamic point‐like displays (biological motion). They were interviewed after the recording to provide their acting strategies. Naive observers who did not participate in the motion data collection were recruited to watch these videos and judge whether the biological motions looked human‐like or not (YES/NO), as well as to report their judging criteria. The major factors extracted from these reports include kinematics, context, body mechanics, and principles of physical laws. We discuss the impact of these criteria and how they may possibly help improve the future generation of human‐like motions.

COGNITIVE CHALLENGES AND PROFESSIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY BRAIN IN ACADEMIA: A REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL BASES AND POTENTIAL INTERVENTIONS

Pregnancy brain, characterized by cognitive changes during pregnancy, has significant implications for women in academia, affecting professional performance and career progression. In this review, we focus on the physiological and psychological bases of pregnancy brain, its impacts on cognitive functions, and potential interventions for pregnant women. The objective of this review is to explore the phenomenon of pregnancy-induced cognitive decline, focusing on its physiological, psychological, and cognitive bases, and its potential impact on cognitive function. The impact of pregnancy on cognitive performance, career progression, and professional performance can be mitigated through increased awareness, research, and institutional support. By recognizing and addressing the cognitive challenges faced by pregnant women, academic institutions can foster a more inclusive and supportive environment, ultimately benefiting the professional and personal well-being of women in academic institutions. KEYWORDS: Pregnancy brain; Cognitive function; Women in academia; Professional performance; Institutional support

The Impact of English Teachers’ Professional Competence on Students’ Performances of the Second Grade at SMA Swasta Santu Xaverius Gunungsitoli in 2023/2024

This study aimed to explore the impact of English teachers' professional competence on the performance of second-grade students at SMA Swasta Santu Xaverius Gunungsitoli. Employing a quantitative research approach, the study utilized a correlational design to identify patterns between teacher professional competence and student performance. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using simple linear regression. The findings revealed a moderate positive correlation between teacher professional competence and student performance, indicating that higher teacher competence levels significantly enhance student academic outcomes. Consequently, the null hypothesis was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. These results underscore the importance of continuous professional development for teachers to improve student performance

Associations between stress, perfectionism, and imposter phenomenon among dental hygiene students.

Imposter phenomenon (IP) depicts the feeling of being a fraud. Stress and perfection are associated with IP, impairing professional and academic performance and negatively impacting mental health. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of IP and perfectionism in dental hygiene students and the relationship with stress. This study used cross-sectional survey research with a nonprobability sampling of dental hygiene students (n=258). The study used three validated instruments: the Imposter Profile (IPP30) with six subscales, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale Brief with two subscales, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10). Descriptive, correlation, and linear regression were used for analysis. The completion rate was 74.8% (n=193). Linear regression analysis found the competence doubt (CD) subscale of the Imposter-Profile and perfectionistic striving (PS) were the only statistically significant predictors of stress (F=10.01, p<.001, R2=.16). CD (b=0.36, p<0.001) was twice as strong as PS (b=0.15, p<0.05) in predicting stress in dental hygiene students. In this sample of dental hygiene students, the doubt about competence aspect of imposter phenomenon increased stress more than the striving for perfectionism. Faculty may minimize stress and support students by identifying the feelings associated with imposter phenomenon and highlighting student achievements to build confidence and feelings of self-efficacy.

Comparison of the Performance of Artificial Intelligence Versus Medical Professionals in the Polish Final Medical Examination.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like OpenAI's Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT), particularly ChatGPT, has shown promising applications in various fields, including medicine. This study evaluates ChatGPT's performance on the Polish Final Medical Examination (LEK), comparing its efficacy to that of human test-takers. The study analyzed ChatGPT's ability to answer 196 multiple-choice questions from the spring 2021 LEK. Questions were categorized into "clinical cases" and "other" general medical knowledge, and then divided according to medical fields. Two versions of ChatGPT (3.5 and 4.0) were tested. Statistical analyses, including Pearson's χ2 test, and Mann-Whitney U test, were conducted to compare the AI's performance and confidence levels. ChatGPT 3.5 correctly answered 50.51% of the questions, while ChatGPT 4.0 answered 77.55% correctly, surpassing the 56% passing threshold. Version 3.5 showed significantly higher confidence in correct answers, whereas version 4.0 maintained consistent confidence regardless of answer accuracy. No significant differences in performance were observed across different medical fields. ChatGPT 4.0 demonstrated the ability to pass the LEK, indicating substantial potential for AI in medical education and assessment. Future improvements in AI models, such as the anticipated ChatGPT 5.0, may enhance further performance, potentially equaling or surpassing human test-takers.

Detection of the Fixed Prostheses on Panoramic Images: An Artificial Intelligence Based Study.

To investigate the effectiveness of using YOLO-v5x in detecting fixed prosthetic restoration in panoramic radiographs. Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkiye from November 2022 to April 2023. For the labelling of fixed prosthetic restorations, 8,000 panoramic radiographs were evaluated using the YOLO-v5x architecture. In creating the dataset for this study, fixed prosthetic restorations were categorised as dental implant, pontic, crown, and implant-supported crown on dental panoramic radiographs. The labelled images were then randomly split into three groups: 80% for training, 10% for validation, and 10% for testing. The labelled panoramic images constituted the model's training dataset, and leveraging the knowledge acquired during this learning stage, the model generated predictions in the testing phase. The majority of labelling data were dedicated to crown restorations. The precision and sensitivity values of YOLOv5x were 0.99 and 0.98 for crowns, 0.98 and 0.99 for implants, 0.99 and 0.99 for pontics, and 0.99 and 0.99 for implant-supported crowns, respectively. The results obtained in this study demonstrate a satisfactory success rate of YOLO-v5x in detecting dental prosthetic restorations. The high precision and sensitivity of the model indicate its strong potential to enhance clinical professional performance and contribute to the development of more efficient dental health services. Artificial intelligence, Dentistry, Dental prosthesis, Panoramic radiography.