Professional-patient Relationship Research Articles

Interdisciplinary systems may restore the healthcare professional-patient relationship in electronic health systems.

To develop a framework that models the impact of electronic health record (EHR) systems on healthcare professionals' well-being and their relationships with patients, using interdisciplinary insights to guide machine learning in identifying value patterns important to healthcare professionals in EHR systems. A theoretical framework of EHR systems' implementation was developed using interdisciplinary literature from healthcare, information systems, and management science focusing on the systems approach, clinical decision-making, and interface terminologies. Healthcare professionals balance personal norms of narrative and data-driven communication in knowledge creation for EHRs by integrating detailed patient stories with structured data. This integration forms 2 learning loops that create tension in the healthcare professional-patient relationship, shaping how healthcare professionals apply their values in care delivery. The manifestation of this value tension in EHRs directly affects the well-being of healthcare professionals. Understanding the value tension learning loop between structured data and narrative forms lays the groundwork for future studies of how healthcare professionals use EHRs to deliver care, emphasizing their well-being and patient relationships through a sociotechnical lens. EHR systems can improve the healthcare professional-patient relationship and healthcare professional well-being by integrating norms and values into pattern recognition of narrative and data communication forms.

Characteristics of refractory disease and persistent symptoms in inflammatory arthritis: Qualitative framework analysis of interviews with patients and health care professionals.

This study aims to explore patients' and clinicians' understanding and experiences of refractory disease (RD) and persistent physical and emotional symptoms (PPES) in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA), namely rheumatoid arthritis or polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis from their perspectives through interviews and/or focus groups. A qualitative study was conducted, following a pragmatic epistemology approach with framework analysis employed. Semi-structured interviews or focus groups with IA patients (n = 25) and multi-disciplinary rheumatology HCPs (n = 32) were conducted at one time point to obtain participants respective understanding and experiences of managing RD/PPES, and its impact on the patient-professional relationship. Three key themes were identified from both patients and professionals' experiences of RD/PPES: (1) relevant treatment experiences, (2) symptoms (with or without inflammation) and (3) impact: physical, psychological and social. These themes included 28 specific categories that would be considered as components characterizing RD/PPES, most common to both patients and HCPs with six being patient-specific and only one HCP-specific. The specific biopsychosocial symptoms and impacts of RD/PPES pertain to pain, fatigue, stiffness, joint involvement and physical, psychological and social functioning and quality of life, covering disease-related distress, mobility and independence. Wider influential factors such as comorbidities, non-adherence, health/medication beliefs and behaviours and social support were also identified. Common persistent symptoms that have both mental and physical impact characterize RD/PPES in IA and therefore a more integrated holistic approach to treatment is needed from multi-disciplinary HCPs, including health psychologists.

Patient Preferences for Direct-to-Consumer Telemedicine Services: Replication and Extension of a Nationwide Survey.

A 2017 survey of patient perspectives showed overall willingness and comfort to use telemedicine, but low actual use. Given recent growth and widespread exposure of patients to telemedicine, patient preferences are likely to have changed. This study aimed to (1) identify demographic trends in patient preferences and experiences; (2) measure ease of use and satisfaction of telemedicine; and (3) measure changes in telemedicine use, willingness, and comfort since 2017. We replicated a 2017 study with a nationwide survey of US adults. The survey, an extended version of the previous study, measured patient health care access as well as knowledge, experiences, and preferences regarding telemedicine encounters. We recruited participants using SurveyMonkey Audience in July 2022. We used descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations to measure change and identify trends. We accrued 4577 complete responses. Patient experience with telemedicine was substantially higher in 2022 than in 2017, with 61.1% (vs 5.3%) of participants aware that their primary care provider offered telemedicine and 34.5% (vs 3.5%) reporting use of telemedicine with their primary care provider. This study also reported ease of use and satisfaction rates to be similar to in-person visits, while overall willingness and comfort in using telemedicine increased from 2017. Individuals at the poverty line were significantly less likely to report satisfaction with telemedicine visits. We found increased interpersonal distance in a patient and health care professional relationship significantly reduced patient ease of use, willingness, and comfort in using telemedicine. This study identified an association between income and patient satisfaction, conveying the importance of understanding telemedicine in relation to health care access and equity. Telemedicine ease of use and satisfaction were comparable to in-person visits. Individuals reported greater use and higher positive perceptions of telemedicine willingness and comfort since 2017.

Impacts of Clinical Decision Support Systems on the Relationship, Communication, and Shared Decision-Making Between Health Care Professionals and Patients: Multistakeholder Interview Study.

Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are increasingly being introduced into various domains of health care. Little is known so far about the impact of such systems on the health care professional-patient relationship, and there is a lack of agreement about whether and how patients should be informed about the use of CDSSs. This study aims to explore, in an empirically informed manner, the potential implications for the health care professional-patient relationship and to underline the importance of this relationship when using CDSSs for both patients and future professionals. Using a methodological triangulation, 15 medical students and 12 trainee nurses were interviewed in semistructured interviews and 18 patients were involved in focus groups between April 2021 and April 2022. All participants came from Germany. Three examples of CDSSs covering different areas of health care (ie, surgery, nephrology, and intensive home care) were used as stimuli in the study to identify similarities and differences regarding the use of CDSSs in different fields of application. The interview and focus group transcripts were analyzed using a structured qualitative content analysis. From the interviews and focus groups analyzed, three topics were identified that interdependently address the interactions between patients and health care professionals: (1) CDSSs and their impact on the roles of and requirements for health care professionals, (2) CDSSs and their impact on the relationship between health care professionals and patients (including communication requirements for shared decision-making), and (3) stakeholders' expectations for patient education and information about CDSSs and their use. The results indicate that using CDSSs could restructure established power and decision-making relationships between (future) health care professionals and patients. In addition, respondents expected that the use of CDSSs would involve more communication, so they anticipated an increased time commitment. The results shed new light on the existing discourse by demonstrating that the anticipated impact of CDSSs on the health care professional-patient relationship appears to stem less from the function of a CDSS and more from its integration in the relationship. Therefore, the anticipated effects on the relationship between health care professionals and patients could be specifically addressed in patient information about the use of CDSSs.

How the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped telepsychology: Insights from an Italian survey

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rapidly boosted the introduction of certain changes in mental healthcare services, consequently driving up the adoption of remote care delivery options. We conducted an online Italian survey to evaluate telepsychology use, attitudes, acceptance, and training needs, as well as to understand patient-professional interactions in video-consultations, aiming to inform future mental healthcare practices and policies. The current study's survey responses were collected using an anonymous, self-reported questionnaire on the ‘REDCap’ platform from 25 October 2022 to 26 July 2023. In total, 128 mental health professionals and 113 patients completed the survey. In our sample, 69 % of patients and 79.7 % of mental health professionals reported having used telepsychology during COVID-19 pandemic; in particular, 84.6 % of patients and 95.1 % of professionals selected video-consultation modality. Data showed that participants expressed high satisfaction with this communication tool. The increase in satisfaction was directly proportional to increase in the quality of interactions and in relation to the quality of the experiences. The critical factors influencing the video-consultation experience include communication style, information completeness, patient-centredness, and the comfort underscoring the central role of the professional-patient relationship, which, substantially, remains a key element in the psychological treatment process. These findings reinforce the need for continued refinement and expansion of telepsychology services, thus highlighting the potential for integrating innovative technologies into mental health practise.

UK survey of patient and caregiver perspectives on the impact of chronic kidney disease-associated anaemia

ObjectiveChronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated anaemia has substantial biopsychosocial impacts. This study explores the impact of CKD-associated anaemia and treatment preferences from the patient perspective.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingAnonymised online survey implemented by Ipsos...

‘I didn’t want to go home’ patient-identified modifiable risk factors associated with hospital readmission: a qualitative study

Background Hospital readmissions are costly for patients, their families and healthcare systems. Identifying and addressing risk factors can reduce the number of people who experience readmission. Few studies have explored modifiable risk factors such as health beliefs from patients’ perspective to explore the complexity of risk factors for readmission. This study aimed to identify modifiable readmission risk factors from the perspectives of patients who have experienced readmission and their families. Methods Adults (≥18 years) readmitted within 30 days of discharge to a general medical or surgical ward at a large urban hospital in New Zealand were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview to explore their readmission experience. Interviews were conducted during the readmission and were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results A total of 30 participants were interviewed. Six themes relating to readmission were identified: inadequate communication between health professionals and patients, misalignment between patient illness perceptions and treatment, unclear or missing information, poor health literacy, poor medication mismanagement, and health system factors. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of considering patient experiences, such as their expectations, illness and treatment beliefs, to reduce readmissions. Ensuring communication is patient centred and quality professional-patient relationships could reduce readmissions.

Interaction Processes between Health Professionals and Moroccan Immigrant Women in Reproductive Healthcare: The Disagreement in the Encounter-A Qualitative Study.

Spain is a multicultural society and has been defined by several authors as an immigrant-receiving country. Moroccan women of childbearing age constitute 28.20% of Moroccan immigrants. describe the interaction processes that occur between health professionals and Moroccan immigrant women in reproductive healthcare. Qualitative descriptive study based on Grounded Theory. Thirty immigrant women from Morocco and thirty-five health professionals participated in the study. Specific dimensions of analysis were defined and used to design the interview guide and focus groups. In the healthcare encounter, the construction of an effective communicative space between the people involved in it is essential; however, the language barrier and the interpersonal relationships characterized by silence in the encounter make a meaningful healthcare relationship difficult for those who participate in it. There are communication and relationship problems that alter healthcare and the professional-patient relationship which require the use of translation programs, the incorporation of intercultural meters, and the development of cultural competence in health professionals.

Experience of Chronic Kidney Disease and Perceptions of Transplantation by Sex

The pathway to kidney transplantation (KT) begins with the patient's acceptance of this surgical procedure after discussion with the nephrologist. The patients' perceptions of the disease and of KT may influence their willingness to undergo transplantation. To describe patients' experiences of kidney disease and their perceptions of KT and the nephrologists' perceptions of the patient experience. This qualitative study collected data through semistructured interviews with patients with chronic kidney disease and nephrologists in the Bretagne, Île-de-France and Normandie regions, France. Researchers involved in the study in each region purposely selected 99 patients with chronic kidney disease who initiated dialysis in 2021, based on their age, sex, dialysis facility ownership, and also 45 nephrologists, based on their sex and years of experience. Data analysis was performed from January to October 2023. Themes were identified using inductive thematic analysis. Specific characteristics of men and women as well as the nephrologist's views for each theme were described. This study included 42 men and 57 women (56 [57%] aged 60 years or older) who started dialysis in 2021 and 45 nephrologists (23 women and 22 men). Six major themes were identified: (1) burden of chronic kidney disease on patients and their families, (2) health care professional-patient relationship and other factors that modulate chronic kidney disease acceptance, (3) dialysis perceived as a restrictive treatment, (4) patients' representation of the kidney graft, (5) role of past experiences in KT perception, and (6) dualistic perception of KT. In some cases, women and nephrologists indicated that women's perceptions and experiences were different than men's; for example, the disease's psychological impact and the living donor KT refusal were mainly reported by 8 women. Patients' past experience of chronic kidney disease in general and of KT in particular, as well as their relationship with their family and nephrologist, were substantial determinants of KT perception in this qualitative study. Targeted policies on these different factors might help to improve access to KT, and more research is needed to understand whether there are sex-based disparities.

Management of refractory disease and persistent symptoms in inflammatory arthritis: qualitative framework analysis of interviews with patients and healthcare professionals.

This study aims to explore patients' and clinicians' experiences in managing and living with refractory disease (RD) and persistent physical and emotional symptoms (PPES) in patients with RA or polyarticular JIA from their perspectives through interviews and/or focus groups. A qualitative exploration with 25 patients and 32 multidisciplinary rheumatology healthcare professionals (HCPs) was conducted to obtain participants respective understanding and experiences of managing RD/PPES and its impact on the patient-professional relationship. A pragmatic epistemology approach with framework analysis was employed. Four key themes were identified from both patients and professionals in the management of RD/PPES: risk/perpetuating factors/triggers; need for a patient-centred holistic approach to care, diagnosis and treatment; discordance and impact on the patient-practitioner relationship and current problems in managing RD/PPES. These themes covered 22 subthemes, with none being patient specific and seven being HCP specific. Suggestions for potential management strategies were highlighted throughout, such as involving other specialties or a multidisciplinary team, assessing/treating patient-reported outcome measures and psychosocial factors, patient (re)education, need for adjustments/aids or adaptations, checking the diagnosis and further investigations/imaging and optimizing medications. Management strategies need to be developed that enable appropriate treatment plans for those with RD/PPES that account for wider biopsychosocial factors beyond inflammation and reduce discordance in the patient-practitioner relationship.

Relation between Nurses’ Critical Thinking Disposition and Their Professional Patient Relationship

Relation between Nurses’ Critical Thinking Disposition and Their Professional Patient Relationship

REFLEXOS DA COMUNICAÇÃO NO CUIDADO EM SAÚDE

This article aims to reflect on the communication process as a valuable tool for providing quality, ethical, and appropriate care as based on first-hand reports I have received throughout my career as a psychologist. From my experience working with patients diagnosed with chronic illnesses and irreversible conditions in a hospital specialized in long-term care in the city of Suzano, located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, it became clear to me how communication in the healthcare setting can promote relief, minimize suffering, and favor the success of the proposed treatment. Likewise, depending on the way it is practiced, not only can it negatively interfere with the biopsychosocial and spiritual spheres of patients and their families, but also harm the healthcare professional-patient relationship.

Empiètement, rejet ou tempérance : l’adolescence en pédiatrie au risque de la surviolence

ContextThe work of the clinical psychologist in pediatric hospitals aims to promote the subjective appropriation of the experience by the child, by ensuring a feeling of continuity and security. It is particularly important to ensure the quality of the relation between subject, entourage, and caregivers. However, a certain amount of violence exists in the relation between caregiver and patient. We suggest that beyond the violence of caregiving itself, there is an “over-violence” (Tomkiewicz, 1991) which risks undermining the patient's feeling of security. ObjectivesWe believe that this over-violence arises when caregivers are confronted with intolerable experiences in the face of the vital risk incurred by the patient. This article aims to examine the emergence of this over-violence and its modes of expression. MethodThis work is based on several situations encountered in different pediatric wards, based on three cases of adolescent patients who put their caregivers in difficulty and required the intervention of hospital psychologists to understand the issues at hand. ResultsThrough these different clinical cases we identify two mechanisms of over-violence. First, encroachment, in the form of excessive control of patients’ behavior, which echoes the control that exists over the bodies of sick children. second, rejection, as an attempt to evacuate that which is violent, despite the needs of the patient, sometimes justified by the imperative of freeing hospital beds for other patients. We also identify the effects of a paradoxical over-violence in the oscillation between these two poles. DiscussionFaced with potential death and the anxiety it arouses, caregivers confronted with violent affects deploy unconscious defense mechanisms that can undermine the professional-patient relationship and can produce over-violence in care. Faced with this phenomenon, reflecting together as a team allows for the regulation of affects and promotes temperance in the professional-patient relationship. Psychologists practicing in somatic hospitals are instrumental in the setting up and maintaining of spaces for regulation or analysis of professional practice in services in which psychological care is not the primary task.

Psychological meanings reported on access to guidance on love life and sexuality in prenatal consultations at a public primary health care service in a Brazilian metropolitan city: a qualitative study with pregnant adolescents

IntroductionWhat topics from their personal lives do patients bring to talk to the clinical team, in addition to reporting their health-illness complaints, being examined, and receiving medical and nursing guidance? Knowing the symbolic aspects of the professional-patient relationship allows for care with more empathy and greater adherence to outpatient service follow-ups. The sociocultural contexts of vulnerable adolescents amplify the importance of reproductive health care and understanding perceptions about romantic relationships and sexuality. During adolescence, risky behaviours can interfere with life opportunities and the future. The lack of care for adolescents’ reproductive health is associated with irreparable physical and psychosocial consequences. In Brazil, the Unified Health System functions as an important support for the community.ObjectivesTo interpret the symbolic meanings attributed by pregnant teenagers regarding the possible experience of talking and receiving guidance about romantic relations and sexuality from the clinical team of public primary attention (in the EPA-2023, we presented the work “on family relationships”, another branch belonging to the same PhD research).Methods We used the Clinical-Qualitative Method (Turato. Portuguese Psychos. J, 2000 2(1): 93-108). For data collection, the main researcher used the Semi-Directed Interview with Open-ended Questions In-Depth and Field Notes, fully transcript. The employ of the Seven Steps of the Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis (Faria-Schützer et al. Cien Saude Colet. 2021; 26(1): 265-274) permits the solid discussion categories. Sample closed by saturation information criterion (Fontanella et al. Cad Saude Publica. 2008; 24(1): 17-27).Results Sample of 10 adolescents, from 15 to 19 years. Interviewed by the first author, a female psychologist, online from September 2020 to June 2022. Findings validated by peer reviewers from Lab of Clinical-Qualitative Research. Categories to this congress: 1) maternal figure referred to as the axis of orientations on sexuality. This seems to empty the opportunity or the need to discuss these aspects in clinical consultations; 2) interviewees do not cite teenage pregnancy in its new emotional status as present in the prenatal consultation protocol; 3) there is a discourse of the re-signification of relationship with a loving partner by assuming also symbolically the pregnancy by both.ConclusionsProfessionals that the teenagers access in clinical consultations at primary attention are not perceived psychoanalytically as transferential figures for conversations about romantic relationships and/or sexuality. It is opportune to rediscuss the expected and/or desired roles of the clinical team in that studied context from the psychic and cultural symbolic universe.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Assessment of Awareness, Perception, and Opinions Towards Artificial Intelligence among Health Care Professionals and Medical Students at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, including machine learning and deep learning, enhances diagnosis and treatment across specialties like cardiology, dermatology, and ophthalmology. Its applications extend to transcription, patient data organization, and remote healthcare, offering support to medical professionals and transforming medical education for students and trainees. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling, and 90 medical students were included in the study. Data was collected using Questionnaire data forms and analysed. Results: The findings revealed that 73.9% of students were aware of AI, but a significant 80.0% reported a lack of formal education on the subject. Positive perceptions included the recognition of AI's efficacy in reducing errors (71.1%) and facilitating patient education (56.7%). However, concerns were raised regarding potential impacts on the healthcare professional-patient relationship. The majority (56.7%) advocated for the integration of AI knowledge and skills into the academic curriculum. The mean positive perception score of 29.8 showed associations with age, and year of study. Conclusion: This study underscores the need to address gaps in AI awareness and advocates for the integration of AI education into pharmacy curricula. The findings highlight nuanced perspectives among students and emphasize the potential benefits of tailored educational strategies to harness positive attitudes toward AI integration in healthcare.

Value Co-Creation in Telemedicine: A Qualitative Study of Pediatricians' Expectations Regarding Telehomecare Implementation in an Italian Pediatric Hospital.

The widespread adoption of telemedicine tools poses new and little-known challenges for healthcare professionals, who are required to adapt their knowledge, skills, and work practices to this innovative scenario. Understanding healthcare professionals' expectations and concerns about adopting telemedicine can facilitate its effective integration. Therefore, drawing upon the Value Co-Creation in Healthcare model, the current study aims to investigate pediatricians' expectations regarding antecedents, outcomes, and management activities relevant to the implementation of a telehomecare service. Interviews invitations were sent to all pediatricians (n=13) involved in a pilot study using the TytoCare device, a telehomecare tool that enables remote medical examinations, at an Italian pediatric hospital. All invited pediatricians agreed to participate. The semi-structured interviews, each lasting approximately 30 to 45minutes, were conducted remotely via Microsoft Teams prior to the use of the TytoCare device. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The content was subsequently analyzed through thematic analysis using MAXQDA software. Five overarching thematic areas emerged from the interviews: factors influencing the adoption of the telehomecare device, advantages of its use, impacts on work practices, changes in the patient-professional relationship, and management activities. While concerns exist about the adequacy of telehomecare compared to in-person visits, the device offers potential benefits, such as improving the hospital experience for children by shortening hospital stays. However, it may lead to an increased workload and necessitate stronger trust and communication in remote care. Successful integration requires dedicated support staff, regulatory adjustments, and effective leadership, with active involvement of healthcare professionals in decision-making. By shedding light on healthcare professionals' expectations about telehomecare device, this study provides useful insights to healthcare leaders to tailor interventions to accompany technology within care practices to valorize its benefits and promote value co-creation processes.

Scoping literature review and focus groups with healthcare professionals on psychosocial and lifestyle assessments for childhood obesity care.

Background: Childhood obesity is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of multiple factors. The effective management of childhood obesity requires assessing the psychosocial and lifestyle factors that may play a role in the development and maintenance of obesity. This study centers on available scientific literature on psychosocial and lifestyle assessments for childhood obesity, and experiences and views of healthcare professionals with regard to assessing psychosocial and lifestyle factors within Dutch integrated care.
 Methods: Two methods were used. First, a scoping review (in PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, IBSS, Scopus and Web of Science) was performed by systematically searching for scientific literature on psychosocial and lifestyle assessments for childhood obesity. Data were analysed by extracting data in Microsoft Excel. Second, focus group discussions were held with healthcare professionals from a variety of disciplines and domains to explore their experiences and views about assessing psychosocial and lifestyle factors within Dutch integrated care. Data were analysed using template analysis, complemented with open coding in MAXQDA.
 Results: The results provide an overview of relevant psychosocial and lifestyle factors that should be assessed and were classified as child, family, parental and lifestyle (e.g. nutrition, physical activity and sleep factors) and structured into psychological and social aspects.
 Insights into how to assess psychosocial and lifestyle factors were identified as well, including talking about psychosocial factors, lifestyle and weight; the professional-patient relationship; and attitudes of healthcare professionals.
 Conclusions: This study provides an overview of psychosocial and lifestyle factors that should be identified within the context of childhood obesity care, as they may contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity. The results highlight the importance of both what is assessed and how it is assessed. The results of this study can be used to develop practical tools for facilitating healthcare professionals in conducting a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment.

Pregnant women’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic according to the trimester of pregnancy

ABSTRACT Aim: This study aimed to analyse the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women according to the pregnancy trimester, comparing their psychopathological symptomatology, pregnancy-specific stress, resilience and perceived stress to those of women pregnant before the pandemic. Methods: A total of 797 pregnant women participated in the study, one group of 393 women pregnant before the pandemic and the other of 404 women pregnant during the pandemic. Student-t test was used to analyse continuous data and the Chi-square test was used for categorical data. Results: Psychopathological symptomatology was significantly higher in six subscales of the SCL-90-R in pregnant women during COVID-19: somatisation, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, obsessions-compulsions, mainly on the first two trimesters. There is also a higher level of pregnancy-specific stress in pregnant women during the pandemic on the first two trimesters, most likely due to the hypervigilance and fears related to the COVID-19 disease. Nevertheless, perceived stress, usually elevated during pregnancy, was lower in women pregnant during the pandemic in comparison to those pregnant before, as a positive consequence of being on lockdown and diminishing the exposure to daily stressful situations. Conclusions: Knowing the struggles these women go through during each trimester of pregnancy can be the key to a better health professional-patient relationship, consequently having a positive impact on their mental and physical health.

Black box problem and African views of trust

This article draws on the thinking about trust in African scholarship to describe the problems black box clinical artificial intelligence (AI) generates in health professional-patient relationships. Notably, under the assumption of a black box problem, the view of trust as inherently relational implies that health professionals cannot explain whether and how a clinical AI incorporates a patient’s values or leverages the same (in its outputs) to honour fiduciary relations. Additionally, the African view of trust as experience-based and accepting responsibility implies that health professionals can neither be held accountable for black box clinical AI outputs that they can hardly understand nor provide material information (concerning what the clinical AI does and why). Finally, given the understanding of trust as a normative concept, health professionals cannot accept patients’ vulnerabilities, and patients cannot give the same. Given that trust will play a vital role in the global acceptance of clinical AI, future studies should research—from other positionalities—how the black box problem will challenge the relationship of trust in the medical context.

Satisfaction of university teachers attended at a private health care facility in northern Lima

User satisfaction is the extent to which people go to a state or private institution to receive care, therefore, the objective of the study is to determine the satisfaction of university teachers attended in a private health facility in North Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental study, with a population of 143 university teachers who completed a questionnaire of sociodemographic aspects and the instrument to measure satisfaction. In its results, in its reliability dimension, university teachers who were dissatisfied were 22 % and those who were satisfied were 78 %. In conclusion, private institutions should improve comprehension by using a language that allows people to understand each other, as this allows a good health professional-patient relationship.